The Experts below are selected from a list of 291 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ming Tang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Simplified Surge Pressure model for yield power law fluid in eccentric annuli
Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Ming Tang, Ramadan Ahmed, Ruchir SrivastavAbstract:Abstract Axial movement of drillstring during drilling operations causes downhole Pressure variations, which are commonly known as Surge and swab Pressures. This paper presents a new eccentric annulus Surge Pressure (EASP) model for yield power law (YPL) fluid. To develop the model, flow in eccentric annulus was investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique (ANSYS Fluent). CFD simulations were conducted varying fluid rheological parameters, tripping speed and annular geometry. Simulation results are analyzed considering Surge Pressure ratio (i.e. ratio of Surge Pressure in eccentric annulus to that of concentric annulus) as a parameter for quantifying effect of eccentricity on Surge Pressure. Surge Pressure ratio (SPR) is found to be very sensitive to fluid behavior index and annular eccentricity and diameter ratio. In addition to the CFD studies, small-scale laboratory experiments were conducted to validate accuracy of the EASP model. Results show that the model accurately (i.e. maximum error of ±5%) and conveniently predicts Surge and swab Pressures for YPL (Herschel Buckley) fluid in eccentric annulus without requiring complex numerical procedures. The model is valid for wide ranges of diameter ratio (0.2≤Kd≤ 0.8), eccentricity (0≤ e≤0.9) and fluid behavior index (0.2≤n≤ 1).
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A new simplified Surge and swab Pressure model for yield-power-law drilling fluids
Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Ruchir Srivastav, Ming Tang, Ramadan AhmedAbstract:Abstracts Surge and swab Pressures have been known as common phenomena to cause wellbore Pressure control problems such as lost circulation, formation fracture, fluid influx, kicks, and even blowouts. Accurate prediction of these Pressures is very important to avoid associated drilling problems. To date, there is no exact analytical model to predict Surge Pressure developed in concentric annulus with yield-power-law (YPL) fluids. Most of the available models (analytical and regression models) are developed based on narrow-slot approximation of the annular flow. The models provide prediction for diameter ratio ranging from 0.4 to 0.85 with discrepancy of up to 20%. This paper presents a new regression-based Surge-Pressure model, which makes accurate predictions (maximum error of ±3%) for wide range of diameter ratios (0.4–0.85). To develop the regression model, an exact numerical model was formulated and extensive numerical simulations were performed. The results were analyzed to formulate a simplified regression model that predicts Surge and swab Pressures conveniently for YPL fluids without requiring iterative calculation procedures. To verify model predictions, laboratory experiments were conducted in small scale setup (50.8 × 33.5 mm annulus). Model predictions demonstrated reasonable agreement with experimental measurements and exact numerical solutions.
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A new model for computing Surge/swab Pressure in horizontal wells and analysis of influencing factors
Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2014Co-Authors: Ming Tang, Jiyou XiongAbstract:Abstract In the drilling of horizontal wells in complex formations such as subsalt fractural formation, factors such as high drilling liquid density, rheological uncontrollability, and narrow safety density window of drilling fluid may lead to downhole Pressure fluctuation, which, however slightly gives rise to complex downhole problems. In order to accurately calculate the Surge/swab Pressure of horizontal wells in such formations, this paper, based on hydromechanics and a width-variable flat-plate flow model, introduce a new model for computing Surge/swab Pressure in horizontal wells. This model takes the effects of velocity drilling string on the boundary conditions of Surge/swab Pressure into consideration, as no previous model has. With the tripping of drilling string under consideration, and when the annular flow remains the same, we find that, in the computation of swab Pressure, the velocity in the inside and outside velocity zones are both larger than those produced by previous ones, and that in the computation of Surge Pressure, while the velocity in the inside velocity zone is first smaller and then turns greater, the velocity in the outside velocity zone is always larger. A comparison with previous models also reveals larger Surge Pressure, larger swab Pressure at low rate and smaller swab Pressure when annular flow rate reaches a certain level. An analysis of major factors that influence Surge/swab Pressure in this model shows that Pressure drop is at the mercy of a number of factors; the Surge Pressure drop decreases with the increased eccentricity whereas the swab Pressure drop increases with the rising eccentricity at low annular flow rate; the Surge Pressure drop decreases with the rising yield point whereas the swab Pressure drop increases with the rising yield point; the Surge Pressure drop increases largely with the increase of plastic viscosity whereas the swab Pressure drop largely decreases with the dropping plastic viscosity; the Surge Pressure drop increases with run in hole (RIH)speed; the swab Pressure drop increases with pull out of hole (POOH) speed at small annular flow rate whereas the swab Pressure drop decreases with the POOH speed when the annular flow rate reaches a certain level. The analysis also indicates that the Surge/swab Pressure is most sensitive to the plastic viscosity of drilling fluid. Then, it is of great significance to monitor the plastic viscosity during the drilling process when other factors are well controlled.
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a new model for computing Surge swab Pressure in horizontal wells and analysis of influencing factors
Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2014Co-Authors: Ming Tang, Jiyou XiongAbstract:Abstract In the drilling of horizontal wells in complex formations such as subsalt fractural formation, factors such as high drilling liquid density, rheological uncontrollability, and narrow safety density window of drilling fluid may lead to downhole Pressure fluctuation, which, however slightly gives rise to complex downhole problems. In order to accurately calculate the Surge/swab Pressure of horizontal wells in such formations, this paper, based on hydromechanics and a width-variable flat-plate flow model, introduce a new model for computing Surge/swab Pressure in horizontal wells. This model takes the effects of velocity drilling string on the boundary conditions of Surge/swab Pressure into consideration, as no previous model has. With the tripping of drilling string under consideration, and when the annular flow remains the same, we find that, in the computation of swab Pressure, the velocity in the inside and outside velocity zones are both larger than those produced by previous ones, and that in the computation of Surge Pressure, while the velocity in the inside velocity zone is first smaller and then turns greater, the velocity in the outside velocity zone is always larger. A comparison with previous models also reveals larger Surge Pressure, larger swab Pressure at low rate and smaller swab Pressure when annular flow rate reaches a certain level. An analysis of major factors that influence Surge/swab Pressure in this model shows that Pressure drop is at the mercy of a number of factors; the Surge Pressure drop decreases with the increased eccentricity whereas the swab Pressure drop increases with the rising eccentricity at low annular flow rate; the Surge Pressure drop decreases with the rising yield point whereas the swab Pressure drop increases with the rising yield point; the Surge Pressure drop increases largely with the increase of plastic viscosity whereas the swab Pressure drop largely decreases with the dropping plastic viscosity; the Surge Pressure drop increases with run in hole (RIH)speed; the swab Pressure drop increases with pull out of hole (POOH) speed at small annular flow rate whereas the swab Pressure drop decreases with the POOH speed when the annular flow rate reaches a certain level. The analysis also indicates that the Surge/swab Pressure is most sensitive to the plastic viscosity of drilling fluid. Then, it is of great significance to monitor the plastic viscosity during the drilling process when other factors are well controlled.
G. W. Widell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Reducing Hazardous Materials Releases from Railroad Tank Car Safety Vents
Transportation Research Record, 2000Co-Authors: Christopher P. L. Barkan, Todd T. Treichel, G. W. WidellAbstract:The leading cause of hazardous materials releases in railroad transportation over the 5 years prior to this research was burst frangible disks on tank cars. These burst disks occur as a result of Pressure Surges in the tank car safety vent during transportation. More than a dozen different Surge Pressure reduction devices (SPRDs) have been developed to protect the frangible disk from these Surges. A statistical analysis of tank cars in service indicated that cars equipped with SPRDs experienced a lower rate of leakage due to burst frangible disks than similar cars without SPRDs. This analysis, however, did not provide sufficient resolution to determine the relative effectiveness of the different SPRD designs. A series of controlled experiments was conducted to determine the Surge reduction effectiveness and the flow performance of different SPRDs. These tests showed that there were significant differences in the performance of the various Surge Pressure reduction devices in both Surge reduction and flow r...
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Reducing Hazardous Materials Releases from Railroad Tank Car Safety Vents
Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2000Co-Authors: Christopher P. L. Barkan, Todd T. Treichel, G. W. WidellAbstract:The leading cause of hazardous materials releases in railroad transportation over the 5 years prior to this research was burst frangible disks on tank cars. These burst disks occur as a result of Pressure Surges in the tank car safety vent during transportation. More than a dozen different Surge Pressure reduction devices (SPRDs) have been developed to protect the frangible disk from these Surges. A statistical analysis of tank cars in service indicated that cars equipped with SPRDs experienced a lower rate of leakage due to burst frangible disks than similar cars without SPRDs. This analysis, however, did not provide sufficient resolution to determine the relative effectiveness of the different SPRD designs. A series of controlled experiments was conducted to determine the Surge reduction effectiveness and the flow performance of different SPRDs. These tests showed that there were significant differences in the performance of the various Surge Pressure reduction devices in both Surge reduction and flow rate. The results of these tests will help tank car builders, owners, and operators improve the safety performance of tank cars by installing SPRDs that will reduce non-accident-caused releases of hazardous materials and still function adequately to relieve Pressure when necessary. The results also will provide a basis for setting SPRD performance and testing requirements and identify promising design elements for new SPRDs.
Ruchir Srivastav - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Simplified Surge Pressure model for yield power law fluid in eccentric annuli
Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Ming Tang, Ramadan Ahmed, Ruchir SrivastavAbstract:Abstract Axial movement of drillstring during drilling operations causes downhole Pressure variations, which are commonly known as Surge and swab Pressures. This paper presents a new eccentric annulus Surge Pressure (EASP) model for yield power law (YPL) fluid. To develop the model, flow in eccentric annulus was investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique (ANSYS Fluent). CFD simulations were conducted varying fluid rheological parameters, tripping speed and annular geometry. Simulation results are analyzed considering Surge Pressure ratio (i.e. ratio of Surge Pressure in eccentric annulus to that of concentric annulus) as a parameter for quantifying effect of eccentricity on Surge Pressure. Surge Pressure ratio (SPR) is found to be very sensitive to fluid behavior index and annular eccentricity and diameter ratio. In addition to the CFD studies, small-scale laboratory experiments were conducted to validate accuracy of the EASP model. Results show that the model accurately (i.e. maximum error of ±5%) and conveniently predicts Surge and swab Pressures for YPL (Herschel Buckley) fluid in eccentric annulus without requiring complex numerical procedures. The model is valid for wide ranges of diameter ratio (0.2≤Kd≤ 0.8), eccentricity (0≤ e≤0.9) and fluid behavior index (0.2≤n≤ 1).
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A new simplified Surge and swab Pressure model for yield-power-law drilling fluids
Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Ruchir Srivastav, Ming Tang, Ramadan AhmedAbstract:Abstracts Surge and swab Pressures have been known as common phenomena to cause wellbore Pressure control problems such as lost circulation, formation fracture, fluid influx, kicks, and even blowouts. Accurate prediction of these Pressures is very important to avoid associated drilling problems. To date, there is no exact analytical model to predict Surge Pressure developed in concentric annulus with yield-power-law (YPL) fluids. Most of the available models (analytical and regression models) are developed based on narrow-slot approximation of the annular flow. The models provide prediction for diameter ratio ranging from 0.4 to 0.85 with discrepancy of up to 20%. This paper presents a new regression-based Surge-Pressure model, which makes accurate predictions (maximum error of ±3%) for wide range of diameter ratios (0.4–0.85). To develop the regression model, an exact numerical model was formulated and extensive numerical simulations were performed. The results were analyzed to formulate a simplified regression model that predicts Surge and swab Pressures conveniently for YPL fluids without requiring iterative calculation procedures. To verify model predictions, laboratory experiments were conducted in small scale setup (50.8 × 33.5 mm annulus). Model predictions demonstrated reasonable agreement with experimental measurements and exact numerical solutions.
Jiyou Xiong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A new model for computing Surge/swab Pressure in horizontal wells and analysis of influencing factors
Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2014Co-Authors: Ming Tang, Jiyou XiongAbstract:Abstract In the drilling of horizontal wells in complex formations such as subsalt fractural formation, factors such as high drilling liquid density, rheological uncontrollability, and narrow safety density window of drilling fluid may lead to downhole Pressure fluctuation, which, however slightly gives rise to complex downhole problems. In order to accurately calculate the Surge/swab Pressure of horizontal wells in such formations, this paper, based on hydromechanics and a width-variable flat-plate flow model, introduce a new model for computing Surge/swab Pressure in horizontal wells. This model takes the effects of velocity drilling string on the boundary conditions of Surge/swab Pressure into consideration, as no previous model has. With the tripping of drilling string under consideration, and when the annular flow remains the same, we find that, in the computation of swab Pressure, the velocity in the inside and outside velocity zones are both larger than those produced by previous ones, and that in the computation of Surge Pressure, while the velocity in the inside velocity zone is first smaller and then turns greater, the velocity in the outside velocity zone is always larger. A comparison with previous models also reveals larger Surge Pressure, larger swab Pressure at low rate and smaller swab Pressure when annular flow rate reaches a certain level. An analysis of major factors that influence Surge/swab Pressure in this model shows that Pressure drop is at the mercy of a number of factors; the Surge Pressure drop decreases with the increased eccentricity whereas the swab Pressure drop increases with the rising eccentricity at low annular flow rate; the Surge Pressure drop decreases with the rising yield point whereas the swab Pressure drop increases with the rising yield point; the Surge Pressure drop increases largely with the increase of plastic viscosity whereas the swab Pressure drop largely decreases with the dropping plastic viscosity; the Surge Pressure drop increases with run in hole (RIH)speed; the swab Pressure drop increases with pull out of hole (POOH) speed at small annular flow rate whereas the swab Pressure drop decreases with the POOH speed when the annular flow rate reaches a certain level. The analysis also indicates that the Surge/swab Pressure is most sensitive to the plastic viscosity of drilling fluid. Then, it is of great significance to monitor the plastic viscosity during the drilling process when other factors are well controlled.
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a new model for computing Surge swab Pressure in horizontal wells and analysis of influencing factors
Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2014Co-Authors: Ming Tang, Jiyou XiongAbstract:Abstract In the drilling of horizontal wells in complex formations such as subsalt fractural formation, factors such as high drilling liquid density, rheological uncontrollability, and narrow safety density window of drilling fluid may lead to downhole Pressure fluctuation, which, however slightly gives rise to complex downhole problems. In order to accurately calculate the Surge/swab Pressure of horizontal wells in such formations, this paper, based on hydromechanics and a width-variable flat-plate flow model, introduce a new model for computing Surge/swab Pressure in horizontal wells. This model takes the effects of velocity drilling string on the boundary conditions of Surge/swab Pressure into consideration, as no previous model has. With the tripping of drilling string under consideration, and when the annular flow remains the same, we find that, in the computation of swab Pressure, the velocity in the inside and outside velocity zones are both larger than those produced by previous ones, and that in the computation of Surge Pressure, while the velocity in the inside velocity zone is first smaller and then turns greater, the velocity in the outside velocity zone is always larger. A comparison with previous models also reveals larger Surge Pressure, larger swab Pressure at low rate and smaller swab Pressure when annular flow rate reaches a certain level. An analysis of major factors that influence Surge/swab Pressure in this model shows that Pressure drop is at the mercy of a number of factors; the Surge Pressure drop decreases with the increased eccentricity whereas the swab Pressure drop increases with the rising eccentricity at low annular flow rate; the Surge Pressure drop decreases with the rising yield point whereas the swab Pressure drop increases with the rising yield point; the Surge Pressure drop increases largely with the increase of plastic viscosity whereas the swab Pressure drop largely decreases with the dropping plastic viscosity; the Surge Pressure drop increases with run in hole (RIH)speed; the swab Pressure drop increases with pull out of hole (POOH) speed at small annular flow rate whereas the swab Pressure drop decreases with the POOH speed when the annular flow rate reaches a certain level. The analysis also indicates that the Surge/swab Pressure is most sensitive to the plastic viscosity of drilling fluid. Then, it is of great significance to monitor the plastic viscosity during the drilling process when other factors are well controlled.
Shwetank Krishna - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Explicit flow velocity modelling of yield power-law fluid in concentric annulus to predict Surge and swab Pressure gradient for petroleum drilling applications
Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2020Co-Authors: Shwetank Krishna, Syahrir Ridha, Pandian Vasant, Suhaib Umer Ilyas, Sonny Irawan, Raoof GholamiAbstract:Abstract Exact prediction and controlling of Surge/swab Pressure are required during drilling of hydrocarbon reservoirs and other geological formations that often leads to well control challenges. The existing methods to predict the Surge/swab Pressure gradient in the wellbore are much implicitly developed, which further reduces the model accuracy. Therefore, the present research aims to develop a novel analytical model by incorporating the explicit flow velocity equations to further improve the efficiency in predicting the Surge Pressure gradient. The governing flow velocity equations are developed for a concentric annulus exhibiting Couette–Poiseuille flow phenomenon that subsequently used in designing a new analytical model for yield power-law fluids to predict Surge Pressure gradient. Detailed analysis for the validation of a newly developed model is performed using existing predictive models and experimental data of Surge Pressure. The statistical analysis exhibits satisfactory outcomes with a maximum error of 5.61% and R2 of 0.988. A detailed analysis on the effect of relevant parameters on Surge/swab Pressure is also presented. The impact of fluid behaviour index and diameter ratio is found to be highly dependent on Surge Pressure under varying tripping speeds compared to other drilling parameters such as fluid yield point and consistency index.
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Development of DNN Model for Predicting Surge Pressure Gradient During Tripping Operations
Handbook of Research on Smart Technology Models for Business and Industry, 2020Co-Authors: Shwetank Krishna, Syahrir Ridha, Pandian VasantAbstract:Application of machine learning tools in drilling hydrocarbon well is still exploratory in its stage. This chapter presents a brief review of various applied research in drilling operations using machine learning (ML) tools and develop a deep neural network (DNN) model for predicting the downhole Pressure Surges while tripping. Tripping in or out drill-string/casing with a certain speed from the wellbore will result in downhole Pressure Surges. These Surges could result in well integrity or well control problems, which can be avoided if Pressure imbalances are predicted before this operation is engaged. Existing analytical models focus on forecasting the Pressure imbalance but requires cumbersome numerical analysis. This could be solved by integrating DNN tool with the best existing analytical model predicted dataset. Consequently, the aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of various applications of machine learning tools in drilling and presenting a step-by-step process of developing a DNN model for the prediction of downhole Pressure Surges during tripping operation.
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Prediction of Bottom-Hole Pressure Differential During Tripping Operations Using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)
Intelligent Computing and Innovation on Data Science, 2020Co-Authors: Shwetank Krishna, Syahrir Ridha, Pandian VasantAbstract:Tripping in or out drill string/casing with a certain speed from the wellbore will result in downhole Pressure Surges. These Surges could result in well integrity or well control problems which can be avoided if Pressure imbalances are predicted before this operation engaged. To predict these Pressure imbalances, number of analytical models have been developed but require time-consuming cumbersome numerical analysis. In this paper, an intelligent model (ANN) is developed which can predict the Surge Pressure under varying rheological and geometrical parameters. ANN is developed with six neurons in input layer representing six input parameters (pipe velocity, PV, YP, diameter of hole, outer diameter of pipe and mud weight) and one neuron in output layer which represents Surge Pressure. Now, to find the most optimum neural network structure (number of hidden layer and neurons), total 108 ANN configuration is trained and tested. Performance analysis on these configurations indicates network structure with two hidden layers including ten and 16 neurons in first and second layer, respectively, as the most optimum. Since the selected model is complex, another trained model with one hidden layer containing 14 nodes can be considered due to its satisfactory prediction result. The trained intelligent model can be utilized when tripping operation is carried out in low-Pressure margin wells where repetitive calculation of Surge/swab Pressure is required.
