The Experts below are selected from a list of 93312 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mark A Rayfield - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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integrated disease investigations and Surveillance planning a systems approach to strengthening national Surveillance and Detection of events of public health importance in support of the international health regulations
BMC Public Health, 2010Co-Authors: Celine H Taboy, Will Chapman, Adilya Albetkova, Sarah Kennedy, Mark A RayfieldAbstract:The international community continues to define common strategic themes of actions to improve global partnership and international collaborations in order to protect our populations. The International Health Regulations (IHR[2005]) offer one of these strategic themes whereby World Health Organization (WHO) Member States and global partners engaged in biosecurity, bioSurveillance and public health can define commonalities and leverage their respective missions and resources to optimize interventions. The U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency’s Cooperative Biologica Engagement Program (CBEP) works with partner countries across clinical, veterinary, epidemiological, and laboratory communities to enhance national disease Surveillance, Detection, diagnostic, and reporting capabilities. CBEP, like many other capacity building programs, has wrestled with ways to improve partner country buy-in and ownership and to develop sustainable solutions that impact integrated disease Surveillance outcomes. Designing successful implementation strategies represents a complex and challenging exercise and requires robust and transparent collaboration at the country level. To address this challenge, the Laboratory Systems Development Branch of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and CBEP have partnered to create a set of tools that brings together key leadership of the Surveillance system into a deliberate system design process. This process takes into account strengths and limitations of the existing system, how the components inter-connect and relate to one another, and how they can be systematically refined within the local context. The planning tools encourage cross-disciplinary thinking, critical evaluation and analysis of existing capabilities, and discussions across organizational and departmental lines toward a shared course of action and purpose. The underlying concepts and methodology of these tools are presented here.
David C Hooper - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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real time automated Detection of ventilator associated events avoiding missed Detections misclassifications and false Detections due to human error
Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 2018Co-Authors: Erica S Shenoy, Eric Rosenthal, Yuping Shao, Siddharth Biswal, Manohar Ghanta, Erin E Ryan, Dolores Suslak, Nancy Swanson, Valdery Moura, David C HooperAbstract:OBJECTIVETo validate a system to detect ventilator associated events (VAEs) autonomously and in real time.DESIGNRetrospective review of ventilated patients using a secure informatics platform to identify VAEs (ie, automated Surveillance) compared to Surveillance by infection control (IC) staff (ie, manual Surveillance), including development and validation cohorts.SETTINGThe Massachusetts General Hospital, a tertiary-care academic health center, during January-March 2015 (development cohort) and January-March 2016 (validation cohort).PATIENTSVentilated patients in 4 intensive care units.METHODSThe automated process included (1) analysis of physiologic data to detect increases in positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2); (2) querying the electronic health record (EHR) for leukopenia or leukocytosis and antibiotic initiation data; and (3) retrieval and interpretation of microbiology reports. The cohorts were evaluated as follows: (1) manual Surveillance by IC staff with independent chart review; (2) automated Surveillance Detection of ventilator-associated condition (VAC), infection-related ventilator-associated complication (IVAC), and possible VAP (PVAP); (3) senior IC staff adjudicated manual Surveillance-automated Surveillance discordance. Outcomes included sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and manual Surveillance Detection errors. Errors detected during the development cohort resulted in algorithm updates applied to the validation cohort.RESULTSIn the development cohort, there were 1,325 admissions, 479 ventilated patients, 2,539 ventilator days, and 47 VAEs. In the validation cohort, there were 1,234 admissions, 431 ventilated patients, 2,604 ventilator days, and 56 VAEs. With manual Surveillance, in the development cohort, sensitivity was 40%, specificity was 98%, and PPV was 70%. In the validation cohort, sensitivity was 71%, specificity was 98%, and PPV was 87%. With automated Surveillance, in the development cohort, sensitivity was 100%, specificity was 100%, and PPV was 100%. In the validation cohort, sensitivity was 85%, specificity was 99%, and PPV was 100%. Manual Surveillance Detection errors included missed Detections, misclassifications, and false Detections.CONCLUSIONSManual Surveillance is vulnerable to human error. Automated Surveillance is more accurate and more efficient for VAE Surveillance.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;826-833.
Kenneth D Mandl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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automated real time constant specificity Surveillance for disease outbreaks
BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 2007Co-Authors: Shannon C Wieland, John S Brownstein, Bonnie Berger, Kenneth D MandlAbstract:Background For real time Surveillance, Detection of abnormal disease patterns is based on a difference between patterns observed, and those predicted by models of historical data. The usefulness of outbreak Detection strategies depends on their specificity; the false alarm rate affects the interpretation of alarms.
Celine H Taboy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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integrated disease investigations and Surveillance planning a systems approach to strengthening national Surveillance and Detection of events of public health importance in support of the international health regulations
BMC Public Health, 2010Co-Authors: Celine H Taboy, Will Chapman, Adilya Albetkova, Sarah Kennedy, Mark A RayfieldAbstract:The international community continues to define common strategic themes of actions to improve global partnership and international collaborations in order to protect our populations. The International Health Regulations (IHR[2005]) offer one of these strategic themes whereby World Health Organization (WHO) Member States and global partners engaged in biosecurity, bioSurveillance and public health can define commonalities and leverage their respective missions and resources to optimize interventions. The U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency’s Cooperative Biologica Engagement Program (CBEP) works with partner countries across clinical, veterinary, epidemiological, and laboratory communities to enhance national disease Surveillance, Detection, diagnostic, and reporting capabilities. CBEP, like many other capacity building programs, has wrestled with ways to improve partner country buy-in and ownership and to develop sustainable solutions that impact integrated disease Surveillance outcomes. Designing successful implementation strategies represents a complex and challenging exercise and requires robust and transparent collaboration at the country level. To address this challenge, the Laboratory Systems Development Branch of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and CBEP have partnered to create a set of tools that brings together key leadership of the Surveillance system into a deliberate system design process. This process takes into account strengths and limitations of the existing system, how the components inter-connect and relate to one another, and how they can be systematically refined within the local context. The planning tools encourage cross-disciplinary thinking, critical evaluation and analysis of existing capabilities, and discussions across organizational and departmental lines toward a shared course of action and purpose. The underlying concepts and methodology of these tools are presented here.
Paul Keim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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klebseq a diagnostic tool for Surveillance Detection and monitoring of klebsiella pneumoniae
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2016Co-Authors: Jolene Bowers, Darrin Lemmer, Jason W Sahl, Talima Pearson, Elizabeth M Driebe, Bette Wojack, Michael A Saubolle, David M Engelthaler, Paul KeimAbstract:ABSTRACT Health care-acquired infections (HAIs) kill tens of thousands of people each year and add significantly to health care costs. Multidrug-resistant and epidemic strains are a large proportion of HAI agents, and multidrug-resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, a leading HAI agent, have caused an urgent public health crisis. In the health care environment, patient colonization by K. pneumoniae precedes infection, and transmission via colonization leads to outbreaks. Periodic patient screening for K. pneumoniae colonization has the potential to curb the number of HAIs. In this report, we describe the design and validation of KlebSeq, a highly informative screening tool that detects Klebsiella species and identifies clinically important strains and characteristics by using highly multiplexed amplicon sequencing without a live-culturing step. We demonstrate the utility of this tool on several complex specimen types, including urine, wound swabs and tissue, and several types of respiratory and fecal specimens, showing K. pneumoniae species and clonal group identification and antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiling, including capsule typing. Use of this amplicon sequencing tool to screen patients for Klebsiella carriage could inform health care staff of the risk of infection and outbreak potential. KlebSeq also serves as a model for next-generation molecular tools for public health and health care, as expansion of this tool can be used for several other HAI agents or applications.