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P.m. Pankhurst - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Morphological development of the Swim Bladder in hatchery-reared striped trumpeter Latris lineata
Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 2004Co-Authors: Andrew J. Trotter, P.m. Pankhurst, Stephen C. BattagleneAbstract:This study examined Swim Bladder morphogenesis in three cohorts of striped trumpeter (Latris lineata), a euphysoclist species with physostomous larvae. The Swim Bladder was first discernible 1-2 days after hatching as an evagination on the dorsal surface of the incipient digestive tract. It comprised a cluster of mesenchymal cells surrounding an inner primordium of epithelial cells. At mouth opening in larvae of 5.3 mm standard length (SL), the Swim Bladder was noticeably enlarged. Histologically, the Swim Bladder lumen was dilated and liquid filled. The pneumatic duct was first seen during the dilation stage and the rete mirabile began forming among the connective tissue surrounding the Swim Bladder. Initial Swim Bladder inflation occurred on day 11 post-hatching in Cohort 1, at 14°C, and day 9 post-hatching, in Cohorts 2 and 3, at 16°C. Histologically, the lumens of inflated Swim Bladders were ellipsoid and the epithelium was squamous, except for cuboidal gas gland cells at the anterio-ventral and anteriolateral regions of the Swim Bladder. During the initial inflation interval the pneumatic duct was dilated in larvae both with and without Swim Bladder inflation. The pneumatic duct began to regress in some larvae over 7.5 mm SL. The Swim Bladder of striped trumpeter was similar to larvae of other altricial perciform marine fish in respect to organ derivation, tissue differentiation, luminal dilation and initial gaseous inflation. However, variations, particularly the delay in initial Swim Bladder inflation until after the start of feeding, were observed that could be fundamental to problems encountered during larval rearing. © 2004 Blackwell Verlag, Berlin.
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effects of temperature on initial Swim Bladder inflation and related development in cultured striped trumpeter latris lineata larvae
Aquaculture, 2003Co-Authors: Andrew J. Trotter, P.m. Pankhurst, D T Morehead, Stephen C. BattagleneAbstract:Abstract Many physoclist fish have physostomous larvae, initially inflating the Swim Bladder by ingesting air at the water surface during a brief, finite period. Failed initial Swim Bladder inflation has been predominantly linked to abiotic factors and larvae which fail to complete initial Swim Bladder inflation exhibit reduced survival and growth. This study investigates the effects of temperature on initial Swim Bladder inflation, survival and post-inflation viability (surviving larvae with inflated Swim Bladders) in striped trumpeter ( Latris lineata ) larvae. Growth, developmental stages and stage-specific larval size are examined in relation to initial Swim Bladder inflation. Larvae were reared at 12, 14, 16 or 18 °C (Experiment 1) or at 15, 17, 19 or 21 °C (Experiment 2) from day 1 posthatching in replicated 200-l tanks. Initial Swim Bladder inflation was significantly affected by temperature, with highest initial Swim Bladder inflation at 14 °C (67.8±5.9% S.E., n =3) to 16 °C (71.1±4.8%) and 15 °C (72.2±1.1%) to 17 °C (76.6±12.0%) in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Survival was also significantly influenced by temperature, with the highest survival at 16 °C (31.2±4.9%) to 18 °C (30.6±4.0%) in Experiment 1, and 17 °C (12.4±2.4%) to 19 °C (9.6±2.8%) in Experiment 2. In both experiments, the highest post-inflation viability occurred through a combination of maximum initial Swim Bladder inflation and survival, at 16 °C (21.3±2.1%) and 17 °C (9.5±1.8%) in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Reduced post-inflation viability at 18 and 19 °C was due to decreased initial Swim Bladder inflation, not survival. The reverse trend was apparent at lower temperatures where survival was significantly lower at 14 and 15 °C, but initial Swim Bladder inflation remained high. Overlapping optimal temperature ranges for survival and Swim Bladder inflation narrowed the thermal optima for post-inflation viability to 16–17 °C. Mean size of larvae at initial Swim Bladder inflation decreased at higher temperatures. Larger larval size at initial Swim Bladder inflation was positively correlated to increased initial Swim Bladder inflation at termination in both Experiment 1 ( r =0.780) and Experiment 2 ( r =0.866). It is suggested that this relationship is a key mode of influence of temperature on initial Swim Bladder inflation.
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Effects of temperature on initial Swim Bladder inflation and related development in cultured striped trumpeter (Latris lineata) larvae
Aquaculture, 2003Co-Authors: A. J. Trotter, P.m. Pankhurst, D T Morehead, S.c. BattagleneAbstract:Many physoclist fish have physostomous larvae, initially inflating the Swim Bladder by ingesting\ud air at the water surface during a brief, finite period. Failed initial Swim Bladder inflation has been\ud predominantly linked to abiotic factors and larvae which fail to complete initial Swim Bladder\ud inflation exhibit reduced survival and growth. This study investigates the effects of temperature on\ud initial Swim Bladder inflation, survival and post-inflation viability (surviving larvae with inflated\ud Swim Bladders) in striped trumpeter (Latris lineata) larvae. Growth, developmental stages and stagespecific\ud larval size are examined in relation to initial Swim Bladder inflation. Larvae were reared at\ud 12, 14, 16 or 18 jC (Experiment 1) or at 15, 17, 19 or 21 jC (Experiment 2) from day 1 posthatching\ud in replicated 200-l tanks. Initial Swim Bladder inflation was significantly affected by temperature,\ud with highest initial Swim Bladder inflation at 14 jC (67.8F5.9% S.E., n=3) to 16 jC (71.1F4.8%)\ud and 15 jC (72.2F1.1%) to 17 jC (76.6F12.0%) in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Survival\ud was also significantly influenced by temperature, with the highest survival at 16 jC (31.2F4.9%) to\ud 18 jC (30.6F4.0%) in Experiment 1, and 17 jC (12.4F2.4%) to 19 jC (9.6F2.8%) in\ud Experiment 2. In both experiments, the highest post-inflation viability occurred through a\ud combination of maximum initial Swim Bladder inflation and survival, at 16 jC (21.3F2.1%) and 17\ud jC (9.5F1.8%) in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Reduced post-inflation viability at 18 and 19\ud jC was due to decreased initial Swim Bladder inflation, not survival. The reverse trend was apparent\ud at lower temperatures where survival was significantly lower at 14 and 15 jC, but initial swi
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Effects of photoperiod and light intensity on initial Swim Bladder inflation, growth and post-inflation viability in cultured striped trumpeter (Latris lineata) larvae
Aquaculture, 2003Co-Authors: A. J. Trotter, S.c. Battaglene, P.m. PankhurstAbstract:Transient physostomes often fail to complete initial Swim Bladder inflation in culture and display\ud reduced survival and growth. Three experiments were conducted in replicate 200-l tanks to\ud determine the effects of photoperiod and light intensity on initial Swim Bladder inflation, postinflation\ud viability (surviving larvae with inflated Swim Bladders) and growth in striped trumpeter\ud (Latris lineata) larvae. Both photoperiod and light intensity were found to affect initial Swim Bladder\ud inflation, growth, survival and post-inflation viability of striped trumpeter larvae. Higher initial Swim\ud Bladder inflation was promoted by providing a dark-phase before and during initial Swim Bladder\ud inflation. Swim-up behaviour where larvae gulped air at the water surface to fill their Swim Bladder\ud was predominantly observed during the dark-phase. In Experiment 1, a 12L:12D photoperiod was\ud inferior to either a 18L:6D or 24L:0D photoperiod for larval growth. In Experiment 2, initial Swim\ud Bladder inflation was higher in larvae reared under a light intensity of 4 Amol s 1 m 2 compared to\ud 40 Amol s 1 m 2. From Experiment 3, a 18L:6D photoperiod provided higher post-inflation\ud viability than either 24L:0D, or a photoperiod combination of 24L:0D from stocking, changing to\ud 21L:3D at the onset of initial Swim Bladder inflation. However, different optimal photoperiods for\ud initial Swim Bladder inflation (18L:6D) and survival (24L:0D) lowered post-inflation viability i
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Swim Bladder malformation in hatchery-reared striped trumpeter Latris lineata (Latridae).
Aquaculture, 2001Co-Authors: Andrew J. Trotter, P.m. Pankhurst, Pr HartAbstract:Abstract Swim Bladder malformation is common in both larvae and later life stages of cultured striped trumpeter Latris lineata. This study used histology and gross morphology of whole larvae to describe the progression of abnormal development that proceeded initial liquid dilation of the primordial Swim Bladder. In addition, radiography was used to compare Swim Bladder morphology of cultured juveniles with wild-caught specimens. The histomorphology of the Swim Bladder prior to lumenal dilation was typical of transient physostome larvae reported in the literature. A distinct Swim Bladder lumen present in larvae between 5.2–5.7 mm standard length (SL) was assumed to be liquid dilated and coincided with mouth opening. Initial gaseous inflation was first apparent when larvae attained 5.7–6.2 mm SL, after the resorption of the yolk sac and oil globule and the onset of first feeding (
Friedrich Ladich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A unique Swim Bladder-inner ear connection in a teleost fish revealed by a combined high-resolution microtomographic and three-dimensional histological study
BMC biology, 2013Co-Authors: Tanja Schulz-mirbach, Brian D. Metscher, Martin Heß, Friedrich LadichAbstract:In most modern bony fishes (teleosts) hearing improvement is often correlated with a close morphological relationship between the Swim Bladder or other gas-filled cavities and the saccule or more rarely with the utricle. A connection of an accessory hearing structure to the third end organ, the lagena, has not yet been reported. A recent study in the Asian cichlid Etroplus maculatus provided the first evidence that a Swim Bladder may come close to the lagena. Our study was designed to uncover the Swim Bladder-inner ear relationship in this species. We used a new approach by applying a combination of two high-resolution techniques, namely microtomographic (microCT) imaging and histological serial semithin sectioning, providing the basis for subsequent three-dimensional reconstructions. Prior to the morphological study, we additionally measured auditory evoked potentials at four frequencies (0.5, 1, 2, 3 kHz) to test the hearing abilities of the fish. E. maculatus revealed a complex Swim Bladder-inner ear connection in which a bipartite Swim Bladder extension contacts the upper as well as the lower parts of each inner ear, a condition not observed in any other teleost species studied so far. The gas-filled part of the extension is connected to the lagena via a thin bony lamella and is firmly attached to this bony lamella with connective material. The second part of the extension, a pad-like structure, approaches the posterior and horizontal semicircular canals and a recessus located posterior to the utricle. Our study is the first detailed report of a link between the Swim Bladder and the lagena in a teleost species. We suggest that the lagena has an auditory function in this species because the most intimate contact exists between the Swim Bladder and this end organ. The specialized attachment of the saccule to the cranial bone and the close proximity of the Swim Bladder extension to the recessus located posterior to the utricle indicate that the saccule and the utricle also receive parallel inputs from the Swim Bladder extension. We further showed that a combination of non-destructive microCT imaging with histological analyses on the same specimen provides a powerful tool to decipher and interpret fine structures and to compensate for methodological artifacts.
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Does the Hearing Sensitivity in Thorny Catfishes Depend on Swim Bladder Morphology
PloS one, 2013Co-Authors: Angelika Zebedin, Friedrich LadichAbstract:Thorny catfishes exhibit large variations in Swim Bladder morphology. These organs are of different sizes, forms and may have simple or branched diverticula. The Swim Bladder plays an important role in otophysans because it enhances their hearing sensitivity by transmitting sound pressure fluctuations via ossicles to the inner ear. To investigate if a form-function relationship exists, the Swim Bladder morphology and hearing ability were analyzed in six species. The morphology was quantified by measuring the length, width and height and calculating a standardized Swim Bladder length (sSBL), which was then used to calculate the relative Swim Bladder length (rSBL). Hearing was measured using the auditory evoked potential (AEP) recording technique. Two species had simple apple-shaped and four species heart-shaped (cordiform) Bladders. One of the latter species had short unbranched diverticula on the terminal margin, two had a secondary Bladder and two had many long, branched diverticula. The rSBL differed significantly between most of the species. All species were able to detect frequencies between 70 Hz and 6 kHz, with lowest thresholds found between 0.5 and 1 kHz (60 dB re 1 µPa). Hearing curves were U-shaped except in Hemidoras morrisi in which it was ramp-like. Mean hearing thresholds of species possessing smaller rSBLs were slightly lower (maximum 8.5 dB) than those of species having larger rSBLs. The current findings reveal a relationship between Swim Bladder form and its function among thorny catfishes. Relatively smaller Swim Bladders resulted in relatively better hearing. This is in contrast to a prior inter-familial study on catfishes in which species with large unpaired Bladders possessed higher sensitivity at higher frequencies than species having tiny paired and encapsulated Bladders.
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does the hearing sensitivity in thorny catfishes depend on Swim Bladder morphology
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Angelika Zebedin, Friedrich LadichAbstract:Background Thorny catfishes exhibit large variations in Swim Bladder morphology. These organs are of different sizes, forms and may have simple or branched diverticula. The Swim Bladder plays an important role in otophysans because it enhances their hearing sensitivity by transmitting sound pressure fluctuations via ossicles to the inner ear. Methodology/Principal Findings To investigate if a form-function relationship exists, the Swim Bladder morphology and hearing ability were analyzed in six species. The morphology was quantified by measuring the length, width and height and calculating a standardized Swim Bladder length (sSBL), which was then used to calculate the relative Swim Bladder length (rSBL). Hearing was measured using the auditory evoked potential (AEP) recording technique. Two species had simple apple-shaped and four species heart-shaped (cordiform) Bladders. One of the latter species had short unbranched diverticula on the terminal margin, two had a secondary Bladder and two had many long, branched diverticula. The rSBL differed significantly between most of the species. All species were able to detect frequencies between 70 Hz and 6 kHz, with lowest thresholds found between 0.5 and 1 kHz (60 dB re 1 µPa). Hearing curves were U-shaped except in Hemidoras morrisi in which it was ramp-like. Mean hearing thresholds of species possessing smaller rSBLs were slightly lower (maximum 8.5 dB) than those of species having larger rSBLs. Conclusions/Significance The current findings reveal a relationship between Swim Bladder form and its function among thorny catfishes. Relatively smaller Swim Bladders resulted in relatively better hearing. This is in contrast to a prior inter-familial study on catfishes in which species with large unpaired Bladders possessed higher sensitivity at higher frequencies than species having tiny paired and encapsulated Bladders.
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Relationship between Swim Bladder Morphology and Hearing Abilities–A Case Study on Asian and African Cichlids
PloS one, 2012Co-Authors: Tanja Schulz-mirbach, Brian D. Metscher, Friedrich LadichAbstract:Several teleost species have evolved anterior extensions of the Swim Bladder which come close to or directly contact the inner ears. A few comparative studies have shown that these morphological specializations may enhance hearing abilities. This study investigates the diversity of Swim Bladder morphology in four Asian and African cichlid species and analyzes how this diversity affects their hearing sensitivity. We studied Swim Bladder morphology by dissections and by making 3D reconstructions from high-resolution microCT scans. The auditory sensitivity was determined in terms of sound pressure levels (SPL) and particle acceleration levels (PAL) using the auditory evoked potential (AEP) recording technique. The Swim Bladders in Hemichromis guttatus and Steatocranus tinanti lacked anterior extensions and the Swim Bladder was considerably small in the latter species. In contrast, Paratilapia polleni and especially Etroplus maculatus possessed anterior extensions bringing the Swim Bladder close to the inner ears. All species were able to detect frequencies up to 3 kHz (SPL) except S. tinanti which only responded to frequencies up to 0.7 kHz. P. polleni and E. maculatus showed significantly higher auditory sensitivities at 0.5 and 1 kHz than the two species lacking anterior Swim Bladder extensions. The highest auditory sensitivities were found in E. maculatus, which possessed the most intimate Swim Bladder-inner ear relationship (maximum sensitivity 66 dB re 1 µPa at 0.5 kHz). Our results indicate that anterior Swim Bladder extensions seem to improve mean absolute auditory sensitivities by 21-42 dB (SPLs) and 21-36 dB (PALs) between 0.5 and 1 kHz. Besides anterior extensions, the size of the Swim Bladder appears to be an important factor for extending the detectable frequency range (up to 3 kHz).
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relationship between Swim Bladder morphology and hearing abilities a case study on asian and african cichlids
PLOS ONE, 2012Co-Authors: Tanja Schulzmirbach, Brian D. Metscher, Friedrich LadichAbstract:Background Several teleost species have evolved anterior extensions of the Swim Bladder which come close to or directly contact the inner ears. A few comparative studies have shown that these morphological specializations may enhance hearing abilities. This study investigates the diversity of Swim Bladder morphology in four Asian and African cichlid species and analyzes how this diversity affects their hearing sensitivity.
Stephen C. Battaglene - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Buoyancy control and diel changes in Swim-Bladder volume in cultured striped trumpeter (Latris lineata) larvae
Marine and Freshwater Research, 2005Co-Authors: A. J. Trotter, Stephen C. Battaglene, Patricia M. PankhurstAbstract:Body density, Swim-Bladder volume, buoyant force and feeding in relation to growth, photoperiod and light intensity were investigated in cultured striped trumpeter larvae. Prior to initial Swim-Bladder inflation, body density was negative during both the light and dark phases, regulated on a diel cycle from 1.0275 to 1.0290 g cm−3 (seawater: 1.0265 g cm−3). After initial Swim-Bladder inflation, body density decreased markedly during the dark phase as Swim-Bladder volume increased on a diel cycle. Downward buoyant force from dry matter increased with age and was compensated for by increasing relative Swim-Bladder volume. Greatest difference in body density between light (1.0260 g cm−3) and dark phase (1.0245 g cm−3) was when larvae were from 6.5 to 7.5 mm (standard length) (seawater: 1.0260 g cm−3). Density of larvae without a functional Swim Bladder was always greater than larvae with a functional Swim Bladder, and the former had reduced growth. Diel buoyancy control exhibited by striped trumpeter larvae with low amplitude changes in Swim-Bladder volume is similar to other transient physostomes. Mortality events previously observed in striped trumpeter culture are possibly related to negative buoyancy before first feeding and positive buoyancy during the dark phase following initial Swim-Bladder inflation.
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Morphological development of the Swim Bladder in hatchery-reared striped trumpeter Latris lineata
Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 2004Co-Authors: Andrew J. Trotter, P.m. Pankhurst, Stephen C. BattagleneAbstract:This study examined Swim Bladder morphogenesis in three cohorts of striped trumpeter (Latris lineata), a euphysoclist species with physostomous larvae. The Swim Bladder was first discernible 1-2 days after hatching as an evagination on the dorsal surface of the incipient digestive tract. It comprised a cluster of mesenchymal cells surrounding an inner primordium of epithelial cells. At mouth opening in larvae of 5.3 mm standard length (SL), the Swim Bladder was noticeably enlarged. Histologically, the Swim Bladder lumen was dilated and liquid filled. The pneumatic duct was first seen during the dilation stage and the rete mirabile began forming among the connective tissue surrounding the Swim Bladder. Initial Swim Bladder inflation occurred on day 11 post-hatching in Cohort 1, at 14°C, and day 9 post-hatching, in Cohorts 2 and 3, at 16°C. Histologically, the lumens of inflated Swim Bladders were ellipsoid and the epithelium was squamous, except for cuboidal gas gland cells at the anterio-ventral and anteriolateral regions of the Swim Bladder. During the initial inflation interval the pneumatic duct was dilated in larvae both with and without Swim Bladder inflation. The pneumatic duct began to regress in some larvae over 7.5 mm SL. The Swim Bladder of striped trumpeter was similar to larvae of other altricial perciform marine fish in respect to organ derivation, tissue differentiation, luminal dilation and initial gaseous inflation. However, variations, particularly the delay in initial Swim Bladder inflation until after the start of feeding, were observed that could be fundamental to problems encountered during larval rearing. © 2004 Blackwell Verlag, Berlin.
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effects of temperature on initial Swim Bladder inflation and related development in cultured striped trumpeter latris lineata larvae
Aquaculture, 2003Co-Authors: Andrew J. Trotter, P.m. Pankhurst, D T Morehead, Stephen C. BattagleneAbstract:Abstract Many physoclist fish have physostomous larvae, initially inflating the Swim Bladder by ingesting air at the water surface during a brief, finite period. Failed initial Swim Bladder inflation has been predominantly linked to abiotic factors and larvae which fail to complete initial Swim Bladder inflation exhibit reduced survival and growth. This study investigates the effects of temperature on initial Swim Bladder inflation, survival and post-inflation viability (surviving larvae with inflated Swim Bladders) in striped trumpeter ( Latris lineata ) larvae. Growth, developmental stages and stage-specific larval size are examined in relation to initial Swim Bladder inflation. Larvae were reared at 12, 14, 16 or 18 °C (Experiment 1) or at 15, 17, 19 or 21 °C (Experiment 2) from day 1 posthatching in replicated 200-l tanks. Initial Swim Bladder inflation was significantly affected by temperature, with highest initial Swim Bladder inflation at 14 °C (67.8±5.9% S.E., n =3) to 16 °C (71.1±4.8%) and 15 °C (72.2±1.1%) to 17 °C (76.6±12.0%) in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Survival was also significantly influenced by temperature, with the highest survival at 16 °C (31.2±4.9%) to 18 °C (30.6±4.0%) in Experiment 1, and 17 °C (12.4±2.4%) to 19 °C (9.6±2.8%) in Experiment 2. In both experiments, the highest post-inflation viability occurred through a combination of maximum initial Swim Bladder inflation and survival, at 16 °C (21.3±2.1%) and 17 °C (9.5±1.8%) in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Reduced post-inflation viability at 18 and 19 °C was due to decreased initial Swim Bladder inflation, not survival. The reverse trend was apparent at lower temperatures where survival was significantly lower at 14 and 15 °C, but initial Swim Bladder inflation remained high. Overlapping optimal temperature ranges for survival and Swim Bladder inflation narrowed the thermal optima for post-inflation viability to 16–17 °C. Mean size of larvae at initial Swim Bladder inflation decreased at higher temperatures. Larger larval size at initial Swim Bladder inflation was positively correlated to increased initial Swim Bladder inflation at termination in both Experiment 1 ( r =0.780) and Experiment 2 ( r =0.866). It is suggested that this relationship is a key mode of influence of temperature on initial Swim Bladder inflation.
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Swim Bladder inflation in larvae of cultured sand whiting, Sillago ciliata Cuvier (Sillaginidae)
Aquaculture, 1994Co-Authors: Stephen C. Battaglene, Shannon Mcbride, R.bill TalbotAbstract:Abstract Failure of the Swim Bladder to inflate can cause mortality in intensively cultured marine fish larvae. Surface access and light intensity are two key factors which influence inflation. Sand whiting ( Sillago ciliata ) have a diel pattern of nocturnal Swim Bladder inflation in the wild. The objectives of this study were to determine when initial Swim Bladder inflation starts in cultured S. ciliata larvae, if surface access is required, and the effects of light. S. ciliata was found to inflate the Swim Bladder at night and completely deflate it during the day. This pattern starts on day 4, when the mean larval length is 2.8 mm and coincides with the completion of yolk sac and oil globule absorption, the start of exogenous feeding, and heavy larval mortality. Maximum Swim Bladder volume in 5-day-old larvae peaks 2 h after dusk and then gradually declines before dawn. The diel pattern of nocturnal inflation continues until day 17 when increasing numbers of larvae (mean length 6.4 mm) retain partially inflated Swim Bladders during the day. Experiments with 12-, 15- and 19-day-old larvae, siphoned into 2-litre beakers at midday, show that larvae respond to darkness by inflating their Swim Bladders. Placing oil on the surface of darkened beakers did not prevent Swim Bladder inflation in larvae from day 12. Swim Bladder volumes were small and not significantly different for larvae in beakers with low light (413 lx) and high light (1360 lx). However, significant differences in feeding were observed with larvae, under high light, eating more rotifers than larvae in low light. Larvae did not feed in the dark. It is proposed that nocturnal Swim Bladder inflation allows S. ciliata larvae to conserve energy at night when they are not feeding. Although S.ciliata larvae have a different Swim Bladder inflation pattern from that of most species, it is suggested that it will present few additional culture problems. A light intensity of 1000–1500 lx, and a constant photoperiod are recommended to maximise Swim Bladder inflation.
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Effects of Salinity and Aeration on Survival of and Initial Swim Bladder Inflation in Larval Australian Bass
The Progressive Fish-Culturist, 1993Co-Authors: Stephen C. Battaglene, R.bill TalbotAbstract:Abstract Survival of and initial Swim Bladder inflation in Australian bass (Macquaria novemaculeata) larvae were compared at salinities of 0–35‰. Larvae were reared in 60-L aquaria at 19 ± 1°C with no aeration or light for 10 d. At salinities of 0 and 5‰, survival was very low ( 0.05). Initial Swim Bladder inflation averaged 68.7 ± 19.3% in salinities of 15–35‰; it did not vary significantly among these salinities, and it was higher than at 10‰ (22.0 ± 10.9%). Swim Bladder inflation in the salinity range of 15–30% was only 6.4 ± 8.6% when high aeration (>1,000 mL/ min per 60-L aquarium) was used, compared with 81.0 ± 15.6% when low aeration (
Andrew J. Trotter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Morphological development of the Swim Bladder in hatchery-reared striped trumpeter Latris lineata
Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 2004Co-Authors: Andrew J. Trotter, P.m. Pankhurst, Stephen C. BattagleneAbstract:This study examined Swim Bladder morphogenesis in three cohorts of striped trumpeter (Latris lineata), a euphysoclist species with physostomous larvae. The Swim Bladder was first discernible 1-2 days after hatching as an evagination on the dorsal surface of the incipient digestive tract. It comprised a cluster of mesenchymal cells surrounding an inner primordium of epithelial cells. At mouth opening in larvae of 5.3 mm standard length (SL), the Swim Bladder was noticeably enlarged. Histologically, the Swim Bladder lumen was dilated and liquid filled. The pneumatic duct was first seen during the dilation stage and the rete mirabile began forming among the connective tissue surrounding the Swim Bladder. Initial Swim Bladder inflation occurred on day 11 post-hatching in Cohort 1, at 14°C, and day 9 post-hatching, in Cohorts 2 and 3, at 16°C. Histologically, the lumens of inflated Swim Bladders were ellipsoid and the epithelium was squamous, except for cuboidal gas gland cells at the anterio-ventral and anteriolateral regions of the Swim Bladder. During the initial inflation interval the pneumatic duct was dilated in larvae both with and without Swim Bladder inflation. The pneumatic duct began to regress in some larvae over 7.5 mm SL. The Swim Bladder of striped trumpeter was similar to larvae of other altricial perciform marine fish in respect to organ derivation, tissue differentiation, luminal dilation and initial gaseous inflation. However, variations, particularly the delay in initial Swim Bladder inflation until after the start of feeding, were observed that could be fundamental to problems encountered during larval rearing. © 2004 Blackwell Verlag, Berlin.
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effects of temperature on initial Swim Bladder inflation and related development in cultured striped trumpeter latris lineata larvae
Aquaculture, 2003Co-Authors: Andrew J. Trotter, P.m. Pankhurst, D T Morehead, Stephen C. BattagleneAbstract:Abstract Many physoclist fish have physostomous larvae, initially inflating the Swim Bladder by ingesting air at the water surface during a brief, finite period. Failed initial Swim Bladder inflation has been predominantly linked to abiotic factors and larvae which fail to complete initial Swim Bladder inflation exhibit reduced survival and growth. This study investigates the effects of temperature on initial Swim Bladder inflation, survival and post-inflation viability (surviving larvae with inflated Swim Bladders) in striped trumpeter ( Latris lineata ) larvae. Growth, developmental stages and stage-specific larval size are examined in relation to initial Swim Bladder inflation. Larvae were reared at 12, 14, 16 or 18 °C (Experiment 1) or at 15, 17, 19 or 21 °C (Experiment 2) from day 1 posthatching in replicated 200-l tanks. Initial Swim Bladder inflation was significantly affected by temperature, with highest initial Swim Bladder inflation at 14 °C (67.8±5.9% S.E., n =3) to 16 °C (71.1±4.8%) and 15 °C (72.2±1.1%) to 17 °C (76.6±12.0%) in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Survival was also significantly influenced by temperature, with the highest survival at 16 °C (31.2±4.9%) to 18 °C (30.6±4.0%) in Experiment 1, and 17 °C (12.4±2.4%) to 19 °C (9.6±2.8%) in Experiment 2. In both experiments, the highest post-inflation viability occurred through a combination of maximum initial Swim Bladder inflation and survival, at 16 °C (21.3±2.1%) and 17 °C (9.5±1.8%) in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Reduced post-inflation viability at 18 and 19 °C was due to decreased initial Swim Bladder inflation, not survival. The reverse trend was apparent at lower temperatures where survival was significantly lower at 14 and 15 °C, but initial Swim Bladder inflation remained high. Overlapping optimal temperature ranges for survival and Swim Bladder inflation narrowed the thermal optima for post-inflation viability to 16–17 °C. Mean size of larvae at initial Swim Bladder inflation decreased at higher temperatures. Larger larval size at initial Swim Bladder inflation was positively correlated to increased initial Swim Bladder inflation at termination in both Experiment 1 ( r =0.780) and Experiment 2 ( r =0.866). It is suggested that this relationship is a key mode of influence of temperature on initial Swim Bladder inflation.
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Swim Bladder malformation in hatchery-reared striped trumpeter Latris lineata (Latridae).
Aquaculture, 2001Co-Authors: Andrew J. Trotter, P.m. Pankhurst, Pr HartAbstract:Abstract Swim Bladder malformation is common in both larvae and later life stages of cultured striped trumpeter Latris lineata. This study used histology and gross morphology of whole larvae to describe the progression of abnormal development that proceeded initial liquid dilation of the primordial Swim Bladder. In addition, radiography was used to compare Swim Bladder morphology of cultured juveniles with wild-caught specimens. The histomorphology of the Swim Bladder prior to lumenal dilation was typical of transient physostome larvae reported in the literature. A distinct Swim Bladder lumen present in larvae between 5.2–5.7 mm standard length (SL) was assumed to be liquid dilated and coincided with mouth opening. Initial gaseous inflation was first apparent when larvae attained 5.7–6.2 mm SL, after the resorption of the yolk sac and oil globule and the onset of first feeding (
A. J. Trotter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Buoyancy control and diel changes in Swim-Bladder volume in cultured striped trumpeter (Latris lineata) larvae
Marine and Freshwater Research, 2005Co-Authors: A. J. Trotter, Stephen C. Battaglene, Patricia M. PankhurstAbstract:Body density, Swim-Bladder volume, buoyant force and feeding in relation to growth, photoperiod and light intensity were investigated in cultured striped trumpeter larvae. Prior to initial Swim-Bladder inflation, body density was negative during both the light and dark phases, regulated on a diel cycle from 1.0275 to 1.0290 g cm−3 (seawater: 1.0265 g cm−3). After initial Swim-Bladder inflation, body density decreased markedly during the dark phase as Swim-Bladder volume increased on a diel cycle. Downward buoyant force from dry matter increased with age and was compensated for by increasing relative Swim-Bladder volume. Greatest difference in body density between light (1.0260 g cm−3) and dark phase (1.0245 g cm−3) was when larvae were from 6.5 to 7.5 mm (standard length) (seawater: 1.0260 g cm−3). Density of larvae without a functional Swim Bladder was always greater than larvae with a functional Swim Bladder, and the former had reduced growth. Diel buoyancy control exhibited by striped trumpeter larvae with low amplitude changes in Swim-Bladder volume is similar to other transient physostomes. Mortality events previously observed in striped trumpeter culture are possibly related to negative buoyancy before first feeding and positive buoyancy during the dark phase following initial Swim-Bladder inflation.
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Effects of temperature on initial Swim Bladder inflation and related development in cultured striped trumpeter (Latris lineata) larvae
Aquaculture, 2003Co-Authors: A. J. Trotter, P.m. Pankhurst, D T Morehead, S.c. BattagleneAbstract:Many physoclist fish have physostomous larvae, initially inflating the Swim Bladder by ingesting\ud air at the water surface during a brief, finite period. Failed initial Swim Bladder inflation has been\ud predominantly linked to abiotic factors and larvae which fail to complete initial Swim Bladder\ud inflation exhibit reduced survival and growth. This study investigates the effects of temperature on\ud initial Swim Bladder inflation, survival and post-inflation viability (surviving larvae with inflated\ud Swim Bladders) in striped trumpeter (Latris lineata) larvae. Growth, developmental stages and stagespecific\ud larval size are examined in relation to initial Swim Bladder inflation. Larvae were reared at\ud 12, 14, 16 or 18 jC (Experiment 1) or at 15, 17, 19 or 21 jC (Experiment 2) from day 1 posthatching\ud in replicated 200-l tanks. Initial Swim Bladder inflation was significantly affected by temperature,\ud with highest initial Swim Bladder inflation at 14 jC (67.8F5.9% S.E., n=3) to 16 jC (71.1F4.8%)\ud and 15 jC (72.2F1.1%) to 17 jC (76.6F12.0%) in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Survival\ud was also significantly influenced by temperature, with the highest survival at 16 jC (31.2F4.9%) to\ud 18 jC (30.6F4.0%) in Experiment 1, and 17 jC (12.4F2.4%) to 19 jC (9.6F2.8%) in\ud Experiment 2. In both experiments, the highest post-inflation viability occurred through a\ud combination of maximum initial Swim Bladder inflation and survival, at 16 jC (21.3F2.1%) and 17\ud jC (9.5F1.8%) in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Reduced post-inflation viability at 18 and 19\ud jC was due to decreased initial Swim Bladder inflation, not survival. The reverse trend was apparent\ud at lower temperatures where survival was significantly lower at 14 and 15 jC, but initial swi
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Effects of photoperiod and light intensity on initial Swim Bladder inflation, growth and post-inflation viability in cultured striped trumpeter (Latris lineata) larvae
Aquaculture, 2003Co-Authors: A. J. Trotter, S.c. Battaglene, P.m. PankhurstAbstract:Transient physostomes often fail to complete initial Swim Bladder inflation in culture and display\ud reduced survival and growth. Three experiments were conducted in replicate 200-l tanks to\ud determine the effects of photoperiod and light intensity on initial Swim Bladder inflation, postinflation\ud viability (surviving larvae with inflated Swim Bladders) and growth in striped trumpeter\ud (Latris lineata) larvae. Both photoperiod and light intensity were found to affect initial Swim Bladder\ud inflation, growth, survival and post-inflation viability of striped trumpeter larvae. Higher initial Swim\ud Bladder inflation was promoted by providing a dark-phase before and during initial Swim Bladder\ud inflation. Swim-up behaviour where larvae gulped air at the water surface to fill their Swim Bladder\ud was predominantly observed during the dark-phase. In Experiment 1, a 12L:12D photoperiod was\ud inferior to either a 18L:6D or 24L:0D photoperiod for larval growth. In Experiment 2, initial Swim\ud Bladder inflation was higher in larvae reared under a light intensity of 4 Amol s 1 m 2 compared to\ud 40 Amol s 1 m 2. From Experiment 3, a 18L:6D photoperiod provided higher post-inflation\ud viability than either 24L:0D, or a photoperiod combination of 24L:0D from stocking, changing to\ud 21L:3D at the onset of initial Swim Bladder inflation. However, different optimal photoperiods for\ud initial Swim Bladder inflation (18L:6D) and survival (24L:0D) lowered post-inflation viability i
