The Experts below are selected from a list of 144 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Richard E. Stull - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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low volume whole bowel irrigation and salicylate absorption a comparison with Ipecac charcoal
Pharmacotherapy, 1993Co-Authors: Keith M. Olsen, Frank H., Bruce H. Ackerman, Richard E. StullAbstract:Study Objective. To evaluate two methods of gastrointestinal decontamination, low-volume whole bowel irrigation (WBI) and activated charcoal, for their ability to prevent absorption of salicylate. Design. Randomized, two-phase crossover study. Setting. A clinical research unit in a university-based teaching hospital. Patients. Six healthy, volunteer men. Interventions. Subjects were assigned to receive 3000 ml WBI or Syrup of Ipecac 30 ml followed by activated charcoal 50 g in sorbitol, and were crossed over to the other treatment phase after 1 week. All treatments began 30 minutes after ingestion of 3.25 g aspirin. Urine was collected over 24 hours for analysis of total urinary excretion of salicylate. Serial blood samples were collected for salicylate determination and were subjected to pharmacokinetic analysis. Measurements and Main Results. Mean ± SD recovery of salicylate were WBI 48.6 ± 5.4% and Ipecac-charcoal 37.0 ± 2.6% from urine (p<0.01). Conclusion. Ipecac-charcoal produced a significantly lower salicylate absorption (peak concentration, AUC) than WBI (p<0.01) and thus was superior to low-volume WBI.
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Low‐Volume Whole Bowel Irrigation and Salicylate Absorption: A Comparison With Ipecac‐Charcoal
Pharmacotherapy, 1993Co-Authors: Keith M. Olsen, Frank H., Bruce H. Ackerman, Richard E. StullAbstract:Study Objective. To evaluate two methods of gastrointestinal decontamination, low-volume whole bowel irrigation (WBI) and activated charcoal, for their ability to prevent absorption of salicylate. Design. Randomized, two-phase crossover study. Setting. A clinical research unit in a university-based teaching hospital. Patients. Six healthy, volunteer men. Interventions. Subjects were assigned to receive 3000 ml WBI or Syrup of Ipecac 30 ml followed by activated charcoal 50 g in sorbitol, and were crossed over to the other treatment phase after 1 week. All treatments began 30 minutes after ingestion of 3.25 g aspirin. Urine was collected over 24 hours for analysis of total urinary excretion of salicylate. Serial blood samples were collected for salicylate determination and were subjected to pharmacokinetic analysis. Measurements and Main Results. Mean ± SD recovery of salicylate were WBI 48.6 ± 5.4% and Ipecac-charcoal 37.0 ± 2.6% from urine (p
G R Bond - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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home Syrup of Ipecac use does not reduce emergency department use or improve outcome
Pediatrics, 2003Co-Authors: G R BondAbstract:BACKGROUND: The usefulness of Syrup of Ipecac as a home treatment for poisoning and the need to keep it in the home has been increasingly challenged. Many poison centers do not recommend any use of Syrup of Ipecac. OBJECTIVE: To determine if use of Syrup of Ipecac in children at home is associated with reduced utilization of emergency department (ED) resources or improved outcome after unintended exposure to a pharmaceutical. DESIGN: Cohort comparison. SETTING: American Association of Poison Control Centers' Toxic Exposure Surveillance System Database. PATIENTS: Blinded data for each of the 64 US poison centers included ED referral recommendation rate, actual rate of ED use, actual home use of Syrup of Ipecac, and outcome. These data were derived from cases in 2000 and 2001 involving children <6 years of age who unintentionally ingested a pharmaceutical agent and in which the call to a poison center came from home (752 602 children). OUTCOME MEASURES: Correlation between rate of home use of Syrup of Ipecac and rate of recommendation for ED referral was the primary outcome sought. Rate of adverse outcome was also compared. In addition, the actual ED use and home Syrup of Ipecac utilization rates at 7 specific centers were identified and compared with the published rates from these same centers from 1990 data to look for the trend in practice for this subgroup. RESULTS: Mean rate of referral to ED was 9% (range: 3%-18%). Mean home use of Syrup of Ipecac was 1.8% (range: 0.2%-14%). Increased home use of Syrup of Ipecac was not associated with referral to ED (r = 0.18; 95% confidence interval of r = -0.06-0.41). Adverse outcome was rare: 0.6% (range: 0.2%-2.1%). There was no difference in referral rate or adverse outcome rate between 2 groups of 32 centers divided by relative Syrup of Ipecac use. In the 7 centers, ED use decreased from a mean of 13.5% in 1990 to a mean of 8.1% in 2000-2001. Ipecac use decreased from a mean of 9.6% to 2.1%. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests there is no reduction in resource utilization or improvement in patient outcome from the use of Syrup of Ipecac at home. Although these data cannot exclude a benefit in a very limited set of poisonings, any benefit remains to be proven.
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home Syrup of Ipecac use does not reduce emergency department use or improve outcome
Pediatrics, 2003Co-Authors: G R BondAbstract:Background. The usefulness of Syrup of Ipecac as a home treatment for poisoning and the need to keep it in the home has been increasingly challenged. Many poison centers do not recommend any use of Syrup of Ipecac. Objective. To determine if use of Syrup of Ipecac in children at home is associated with reduced utilization of emergency department (ED) resources or improved outcome after unintended exposure to a pharmaceutical. Design. Cohort comparison. Setting. American Association of Poison Control Centers’ Toxic Exposure Surveillance System Database. Patients. Blinded data for each of the 64 US poison centers included ED referral recommendation rate, actual rate of ED use, actual home use of Syrup of Ipecac, and outcome. These data were derived from cases in 2000 and 2001 involving children Outcome Measures. Correlation between rate of home use of Syrup of Ipecac and rate of recommendation for ED referral was the primary outcome sought. Rate of adverse outcome was also compared. In addition, the actual ED use and home Syrup of Ipecac utilization rates at 7 specific centers were identified and compared with the published rates from these same centers from 1990 data to look for the trend in practice for this subgroup. Results. Mean rate of referral to ED was 9% (range: 3%–18%). Mean home use of Syrup of Ipecac was 1.8% (range: 0.2%–14%). Increased home use of Syrup of Ipecac was not associated with referral to ED (r = 0.18; 95% confidence interval of r = −0.06–0.41). Adverse outcome was rare: 0.6% (range: 0.2%–2.1%). There was no difference in referral rate or adverse outcome rate between 2 groups of 32 centers divided by relative Syrup of Ipecac use. In the 7 centers, ED use decreased from a mean of 13.5% in 1990 to a mean of 8.1% in 2000–2001. Ipecac use decreased from a mean of 9.6% to 2.1%. Conclusions. This study suggests there is no reduction in resource utilization or improvement in patient outcome from the use of Syrup of Ipecac at home. Although these data cannot exclude a benefit in a very limited set of poisonings, any benefit remains to be proven.
Alyson Schuster - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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antiemetic efficacy of smoked marijuana subjective and behavioral effects on nausea induced by Syrup of Ipecac
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 2001Co-Authors: Anna H V Soderpalm, Alyson SchusterAbstract:Abstract Although the public debate about the legalization of marijuana has continued for as long as 25 years, few controlled studies have been conducted to assess its potential medical benefits. The present study examined the antiemetic effect of smoked marijuana cigarettes (8.4 and 16.9 mg Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol [THC]) compared to a highly potent antiemetic drug, ondansetron (8 mg) in 13 healthy volunteers. Nausea and emesis were induced by Syrup of Ipecac. Marijuana significantly reduced ratings of “queasiness” and slightly reduced the incidence of vomiting compared to placebo. Ondansetron completely eliminated the emetic effects of Ipecac. These findings support and extend previous results, indicating that smoked marijuana reduces feelings of nausea and also reduces emesis in this model. However, its effects are very modest relative to ondansetron, and the psychoactive effects of marijuana are likely to limit its clinical usefulness in the general population.
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Antiemetic efficacy of smoked marijuana: subjective and behavioral effects on nausea induced by Syrup of Ipecac.
Pharmacology biochemistry and behavior, 2001Co-Authors: Anna H V Soderpalm, Alyson Schuster, H De WitAbstract:Although the public debate about the legalization of marijuana has continued for as long as 25 years, few controlled studies have been conducted to assess its potential medical benefits. The present study examined the antiemetic effect of smoked marijuana cigarettes (8.4 and 16.9 mg Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol [THC]) compared to a highly potent antiemetic drug, ondansetron (8 mg) in 13 healthy volunteers. Nausea and emesis were induced by Syrup of Ipecac. Marijuana significantly reduced ratings of "queasiness" and slightly reduced the incidence of vomiting compared to placebo. Ondansetron completely eliminated the emetic effects of Ipecac. These findings support and extend previous results, indicating that smoked marijuana reduces feelings of nausea and also reduces emesis in this model. However, its effects are very modest relative to ondansetron, and the psychoactive effects of marijuana are likely to limit its clinical usefulness in the general population.
Anna H V Soderpalm - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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antiemetic efficacy of smoked marijuana subjective and behavioral effects on nausea induced by Syrup of Ipecac
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 2001Co-Authors: Anna H V Soderpalm, Alyson SchusterAbstract:Abstract Although the public debate about the legalization of marijuana has continued for as long as 25 years, few controlled studies have been conducted to assess its potential medical benefits. The present study examined the antiemetic effect of smoked marijuana cigarettes (8.4 and 16.9 mg Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol [THC]) compared to a highly potent antiemetic drug, ondansetron (8 mg) in 13 healthy volunteers. Nausea and emesis were induced by Syrup of Ipecac. Marijuana significantly reduced ratings of “queasiness” and slightly reduced the incidence of vomiting compared to placebo. Ondansetron completely eliminated the emetic effects of Ipecac. These findings support and extend previous results, indicating that smoked marijuana reduces feelings of nausea and also reduces emesis in this model. However, its effects are very modest relative to ondansetron, and the psychoactive effects of marijuana are likely to limit its clinical usefulness in the general population.
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Antiemetic efficacy of smoked marijuana: subjective and behavioral effects on nausea induced by Syrup of Ipecac.
Pharmacology biochemistry and behavior, 2001Co-Authors: Anna H V Soderpalm, Alyson Schuster, H De WitAbstract:Although the public debate about the legalization of marijuana has continued for as long as 25 years, few controlled studies have been conducted to assess its potential medical benefits. The present study examined the antiemetic effect of smoked marijuana cigarettes (8.4 and 16.9 mg Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol [THC]) compared to a highly potent antiemetic drug, ondansetron (8 mg) in 13 healthy volunteers. Nausea and emesis were induced by Syrup of Ipecac. Marijuana significantly reduced ratings of "queasiness" and slightly reduced the incidence of vomiting compared to placebo. Ondansetron completely eliminated the emetic effects of Ipecac. These findings support and extend previous results, indicating that smoked marijuana reduces feelings of nausea and also reduces emesis in this model. However, its effects are very modest relative to ondansetron, and the psychoactive effects of marijuana are likely to limit its clinical usefulness in the general population.
Keith M. Olsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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low volume whole bowel irrigation and salicylate absorption a comparison with Ipecac charcoal
Pharmacotherapy, 1993Co-Authors: Keith M. Olsen, Frank H., Bruce H. Ackerman, Richard E. StullAbstract:Study Objective. To evaluate two methods of gastrointestinal decontamination, low-volume whole bowel irrigation (WBI) and activated charcoal, for their ability to prevent absorption of salicylate. Design. Randomized, two-phase crossover study. Setting. A clinical research unit in a university-based teaching hospital. Patients. Six healthy, volunteer men. Interventions. Subjects were assigned to receive 3000 ml WBI or Syrup of Ipecac 30 ml followed by activated charcoal 50 g in sorbitol, and were crossed over to the other treatment phase after 1 week. All treatments began 30 minutes after ingestion of 3.25 g aspirin. Urine was collected over 24 hours for analysis of total urinary excretion of salicylate. Serial blood samples were collected for salicylate determination and were subjected to pharmacokinetic analysis. Measurements and Main Results. Mean ± SD recovery of salicylate were WBI 48.6 ± 5.4% and Ipecac-charcoal 37.0 ± 2.6% from urine (p<0.01). Conclusion. Ipecac-charcoal produced a significantly lower salicylate absorption (peak concentration, AUC) than WBI (p<0.01) and thus was superior to low-volume WBI.
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Low‐Volume Whole Bowel Irrigation and Salicylate Absorption: A Comparison With Ipecac‐Charcoal
Pharmacotherapy, 1993Co-Authors: Keith M. Olsen, Frank H., Bruce H. Ackerman, Richard E. StullAbstract:Study Objective. To evaluate two methods of gastrointestinal decontamination, low-volume whole bowel irrigation (WBI) and activated charcoal, for their ability to prevent absorption of salicylate. Design. Randomized, two-phase crossover study. Setting. A clinical research unit in a university-based teaching hospital. Patients. Six healthy, volunteer men. Interventions. Subjects were assigned to receive 3000 ml WBI or Syrup of Ipecac 30 ml followed by activated charcoal 50 g in sorbitol, and were crossed over to the other treatment phase after 1 week. All treatments began 30 minutes after ingestion of 3.25 g aspirin. Urine was collected over 24 hours for analysis of total urinary excretion of salicylate. Serial blood samples were collected for salicylate determination and were subjected to pharmacokinetic analysis. Measurements and Main Results. Mean ± SD recovery of salicylate were WBI 48.6 ± 5.4% and Ipecac-charcoal 37.0 ± 2.6% from urine (p
