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Dieter Deforce - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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t 2 Toxin induced salmonella typhimurium intoxication results in decreased salmonella numbers in the cecum contents of pigs despite marked effects on salmonella host cell interactions
Veterinary Research, 2012Co-Authors: Elin Verbrugghe, Virginie Vandenbroucke, Maarten Dhaenens, Neil Shearer, Joline Goossens, Sarah De Saeger, Mia Eeckhout, Katharina Dherde, Arthur Thompson, Dieter DeforceAbstract:The mycoToxin T-2 Toxin and Salmonella Typhimurium infections pose a significant threat to human and animal health. Interactions between both agents may result in a different outcome of the infection. Therefore, the aim of the presented study was to investigate the effects of low and relevant concentrations of T-2 Toxin on the course of a Salmonella Typhimurium infection in pigs. We showed that the presence of 15 and 83 μg T-2 Toxin per kg feed significantly decreased the amount of Salmonella Typhimurium bacteria present in the cecum contents, and a tendency to a reduced colonization of the jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon and colon contents was noticed. In vitro, proteomic analysis of porcine enterocytes revealed that a very low concentration of T-2 Toxin (5 ng/mL) affects the protein expression of mitochondrial, endoplasmatic reticulum and cytoskeleton associated proteins, proteins involved in protein synthesis and folding, RNA synthesis, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and regulatory processes. Similarly low concentrations (1-100 ng/mL) promoted the susceptibility of porcine macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells to Salmonella Typhimurium invasion, in a SPI-1 independent manner. Furthermore, T-2 Toxin (1-5 ng/mL) promoted the translocation of Salmonella Typhimurium over an intestinal porcine epithelial cell monolayer. Although these findings may seem in favour of Salmonella Typhimurium, microarray analysis showed that T-2 Toxin (5 ng/mL) causes an intoxication of Salmonella Typhimurium, represented by a reduced motility and a downregulation of metabolic and Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 genes. This study demonstrates marked interactions of T-2 Toxin with Salmonella Typhimurium pathogenesis, resulting in bacterial intoxication.
Elin Verbrugghe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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t 2 Toxin induced salmonella typhimurium intoxication results in decreased salmonella numbers in the cecum contents of pigs despite marked effects on salmonella host cell interactions
Veterinary Research, 2012Co-Authors: Elin Verbrugghe, Virginie Vandenbroucke, Maarten Dhaenens, Neil Shearer, Joline Goossens, Sarah De Saeger, Mia Eeckhout, Katharina Dherde, Arthur Thompson, Dieter DeforceAbstract:The mycoToxin T-2 Toxin and Salmonella Typhimurium infections pose a significant threat to human and animal health. Interactions between both agents may result in a different outcome of the infection. Therefore, the aim of the presented study was to investigate the effects of low and relevant concentrations of T-2 Toxin on the course of a Salmonella Typhimurium infection in pigs. We showed that the presence of 15 and 83 μg T-2 Toxin per kg feed significantly decreased the amount of Salmonella Typhimurium bacteria present in the cecum contents, and a tendency to a reduced colonization of the jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon and colon contents was noticed. In vitro, proteomic analysis of porcine enterocytes revealed that a very low concentration of T-2 Toxin (5 ng/mL) affects the protein expression of mitochondrial, endoplasmatic reticulum and cytoskeleton associated proteins, proteins involved in protein synthesis and folding, RNA synthesis, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and regulatory processes. Similarly low concentrations (1-100 ng/mL) promoted the susceptibility of porcine macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells to Salmonella Typhimurium invasion, in a SPI-1 independent manner. Furthermore, T-2 Toxin (1-5 ng/mL) promoted the translocation of Salmonella Typhimurium over an intestinal porcine epithelial cell monolayer. Although these findings may seem in favour of Salmonella Typhimurium, microarray analysis showed that T-2 Toxin (5 ng/mL) causes an intoxication of Salmonella Typhimurium, represented by a reduced motility and a downregulation of metabolic and Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 genes. This study demonstrates marked interactions of T-2 Toxin with Salmonella Typhimurium pathogenesis, resulting in bacterial intoxication.
Haiqin Fang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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t 2 Toxin induces apoptosis in differentiated murine embryonic stem cells through reactive oxygen species mediated mitochondrial pathway
Apoptosis, 2012Co-Authors: Yingliang Wu, Haiqin Fang, Jing Rong, Zengming Zhao, Shuang-qing PengAbstract:T-2 Toxin, a member of the trichothecene mycoToxin family produced by the Fusarium fungi, has been shown to exert a variety of toxic effects on multiple targets in vivo. However, the embryonic toxicity of T-2 Toxin in vitro remains unclear. In the present study, two permanent cell lines, embryonic stem cells (ES cells D3) and fibroblast 3T3 cells, were used to evaluate T-2 Toxin toxicity. Differentiated mouse ES cells were cultivated as embryoid bodies along with T-2 Toxin at different concentrations (0.5, 1, and 2 ng/ml) for 24 h. The increases in cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid and DNA oxidative damage, and loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential were observed at 1 and 2 ng/ml concentrations. Flow cytometry showed that T-2 Toxin induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, T-2 Toxin opened the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, caused the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and induced the upregulation of p53, caspase-9, caspase-3 expression and increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. However, T-2 Toxin-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis in differentiated ES cells decreased significantly in the presence of the antioxidant Trolox. Taken together, these results demonstrate that T-2 Toxin induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in differentiated murine ES cells, and ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway plays an important role in T-2 Toxin induced apoptosis.
Joline Goossens - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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t 2 Toxin induced salmonella typhimurium intoxication results in decreased salmonella numbers in the cecum contents of pigs despite marked effects on salmonella host cell interactions
Veterinary Research, 2012Co-Authors: Elin Verbrugghe, Virginie Vandenbroucke, Maarten Dhaenens, Neil Shearer, Joline Goossens, Sarah De Saeger, Mia Eeckhout, Katharina Dherde, Arthur Thompson, Dieter DeforceAbstract:The mycoToxin T-2 Toxin and Salmonella Typhimurium infections pose a significant threat to human and animal health. Interactions between both agents may result in a different outcome of the infection. Therefore, the aim of the presented study was to investigate the effects of low and relevant concentrations of T-2 Toxin on the course of a Salmonella Typhimurium infection in pigs. We showed that the presence of 15 and 83 μg T-2 Toxin per kg feed significantly decreased the amount of Salmonella Typhimurium bacteria present in the cecum contents, and a tendency to a reduced colonization of the jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon and colon contents was noticed. In vitro, proteomic analysis of porcine enterocytes revealed that a very low concentration of T-2 Toxin (5 ng/mL) affects the protein expression of mitochondrial, endoplasmatic reticulum and cytoskeleton associated proteins, proteins involved in protein synthesis and folding, RNA synthesis, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and regulatory processes. Similarly low concentrations (1-100 ng/mL) promoted the susceptibility of porcine macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells to Salmonella Typhimurium invasion, in a SPI-1 independent manner. Furthermore, T-2 Toxin (1-5 ng/mL) promoted the translocation of Salmonella Typhimurium over an intestinal porcine epithelial cell monolayer. Although these findings may seem in favour of Salmonella Typhimurium, microarray analysis showed that T-2 Toxin (5 ng/mL) causes an intoxication of Salmonella Typhimurium, represented by a reduced motility and a downregulation of metabolic and Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 genes. This study demonstrates marked interactions of T-2 Toxin with Salmonella Typhimurium pathogenesis, resulting in bacterial intoxication.
Arthur Thompson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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t 2 Toxin induced salmonella typhimurium intoxication results in decreased salmonella numbers in the cecum contents of pigs despite marked effects on salmonella host cell interactions
Veterinary Research, 2012Co-Authors: Elin Verbrugghe, Virginie Vandenbroucke, Maarten Dhaenens, Neil Shearer, Joline Goossens, Sarah De Saeger, Mia Eeckhout, Katharina Dherde, Arthur Thompson, Dieter DeforceAbstract:The mycoToxin T-2 Toxin and Salmonella Typhimurium infections pose a significant threat to human and animal health. Interactions between both agents may result in a different outcome of the infection. Therefore, the aim of the presented study was to investigate the effects of low and relevant concentrations of T-2 Toxin on the course of a Salmonella Typhimurium infection in pigs. We showed that the presence of 15 and 83 μg T-2 Toxin per kg feed significantly decreased the amount of Salmonella Typhimurium bacteria present in the cecum contents, and a tendency to a reduced colonization of the jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon and colon contents was noticed. In vitro, proteomic analysis of porcine enterocytes revealed that a very low concentration of T-2 Toxin (5 ng/mL) affects the protein expression of mitochondrial, endoplasmatic reticulum and cytoskeleton associated proteins, proteins involved in protein synthesis and folding, RNA synthesis, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and regulatory processes. Similarly low concentrations (1-100 ng/mL) promoted the susceptibility of porcine macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells to Salmonella Typhimurium invasion, in a SPI-1 independent manner. Furthermore, T-2 Toxin (1-5 ng/mL) promoted the translocation of Salmonella Typhimurium over an intestinal porcine epithelial cell monolayer. Although these findings may seem in favour of Salmonella Typhimurium, microarray analysis showed that T-2 Toxin (5 ng/mL) causes an intoxication of Salmonella Typhimurium, represented by a reduced motility and a downregulation of metabolic and Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 genes. This study demonstrates marked interactions of T-2 Toxin with Salmonella Typhimurium pathogenesis, resulting in bacterial intoxication.
