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Katherine Belov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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molecular characterisation of interleukin 2 in two australian marsupials the Tammar Wallaby notamacropus eugenii and the tasmanian devil sarcophilus harrisii facilitates the development of marsupial specific immunological reagents
Australian Mammalogy, 2018Co-Authors: Lauren J. Young, Jessica Gurr, Katrina M Morris, Sabine Flenady, Katherine BelovAbstract:Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is an important regulator of cellular immunity in mammals. For many years, our inability to identify the expression of this cytokine in marsupials hindered our capacity to progress studies in metatherian immunology. Here, we report the use of molecular techniques to characterise the IL-2 gene for the Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) and the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii), which allowed the prediction of the structure and probable functions of the IL-2 proteins of these species. Deduced marsupial IL-2 proteins show considerable sequence identity to each other and to common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) IL-2 (≥65%) but shared only 35% (Tammar Wallaby) and 32% (Tasmanian devil) identity with human IL-2. This difference means that reagents used to study IL-2 in human and other eutherians are unlikely to cross-react with marsupials. As a key step in furthering our ability to study cellular immune responses in marsupials and, more specifically, the susceptibility of macropodoid marsupials to intracellular pathogens, a polyclonal antibody was designed for the detection and future investigation of Tammar Wallaby IL-2 protein expression. The molecular data and polyclonal antibody described herein will support our development of gene probes and immunological reagents that will aid studies of infection and disease in marsupials.
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Characterization of the antimicrobial peptide family defensins in the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii), koala (Phascolarctos cinereus), and Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii)
Immunogenetics, 2017Co-Authors: Elizabeth A. Jones, Yuanyuan Cheng, Denis O’meally, Katherine BelovAbstract:Defensins comprise a family of cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides with important roles in innate and adaptive immune defense in vertebrates. We characterized alpha and beta defensin genes in three Australian marsupials: the Tasmanian devil ( Sarcophilus harrisii ), koala ( Phascolarctos cinereus ), and Tammar Wallaby ( Macropus eugenii ) and identified 48, 34, and 39 defensins, respectively. One hundred and twelve have the classical antimicrobial peptides characteristics required for pathogen membrane targeting, including cationic charge (between 1+ and 15+) and a high proportion of hydrophobic residues (>30%). Phylogenetic analysis shows that gene duplication has driven unique and species-specific expansions of devil, koala, and Tammar Wallaby beta defensins and devil alpha defensins. Defensin genes are arranged in three genomic clusters in marsupials, whereas further duplications and translocations have occurred in eutherians resulting in four and five gene clusters in mice and humans, respectively. Marsupial defensins are generally under purifying selection, particularly residues essential for defensin structural stability. Certain hydrophobic or positively charged sites, predominantly found in the defensin loop, are positively selected, which may have functional significance in defensin-target interaction and membrane insertion.
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A first-generation integrated Tammar Wallaby map and its use in creating a Tammar Wallaby first-generation virtual genome map
BMC Genomics, 2011Co-Authors: Chenwei Wang, Janine E. Deakin, Willem Rens, Kyall R. Zenger, Katherine Belov, Jennifer A. Marshall Graves, Frank W. NicholasAbstract:The limited (2X) coverage of the Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii) genome sequence dataset currently presents a challenge for assembly and anchoring onto chromosomes. To provide a framework for this assembly, it would be a great advantage to have a dense map of the Tammar Wallaby genome. However, only limited mapping data are available for this non-model species, comprising a physical map and a linkage map. We combined all available Tammar Wallaby mapping data to create a Tammar Wallaby integrated map, using the Location DataBase (LDB) strategy. This first-generation integrated map combines all available information from the second-generation Tammar Wallaby linkage map with 148 loci, and extensive FISH mapping data for 492 loci, especially for genes likely to be located at the ends of Wallaby chromosomes or at evolutionary breakpoints inferred from comparative information. For loci whose positions are only approximately known, their location in the integrated map was refined on the basis of comparative information from opossum (Monodelphis domestica) and human. Interpolation of segments from the opossum and human assemblies into the integrated map enabled the subsequent construction of a Tammar Wallaby first-generation virtual genome map, which comprises 14336 markers, including 13783 genes recruited from opossum and human assemblies. Both maps are freely available at http://compldb.angis.org.au . The first-generation integrated map and the first-generation virtual genome map provide a backbone for the chromosome assembly of the Tammar Wallaby genome sequence. For example, 78% of the 10257 gene-scaffolds in the Ensembl annotation of the Tammar Wallaby genome sequence (including 10522 protein-coding genes) can now be given a chromosome location in the Tammar Wallaby virtual genome map.
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a first generation integrated Tammar Wallaby map and its use in creating a Tammar Wallaby first generation virtual genome map
BMC Genomics, 2011Co-Authors: Janine E. Deakin, Chenwei Wang, Willem Rens, Kyall R. Zenger, Katherine Belov, Jennifer Marshall A GravesAbstract:Background: The limited (2X) coverage of the Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii) genome sequence dataset currently presents a challenge for assembly and anchoring onto chromosomes. To provide a framework for this assembly, it would be a great advantage to have a dense map of the Tammar Wallaby genome. However, only limited mapping data are available for this non-model species, comprising a physical map and a linkage map. Results: We combined all available Tammar Wallaby mapping data to create a Tammar Wallaby integrated map, using the Location DataBase (LDB) strategy. This first-generation integrated map combines all available information from the second-generation Tammar Wallaby linkage map with 148 loci, and extensive FISH mapping data for 492 loci, especially for genes likely to be located at the ends of Wallaby chromosomes or at evolutionary breakpoints inferred from comparative information. For loci whose positions are only approximately known, their location in the integrated map was refined on the basis of comparative information from opossum (Monodelphis domestica) and human. Interpolation of segments from the opossum and human assemblies into the integrated map enabled the subsequent construction of a Tammar Wallaby first-generation virtual genome map, which comprises 14336 markers, including 13783 genes recruited from opossum and human assemblies. Both maps are freely available at http://compldb.angis.org.au. Conclusions: The first-generation integrated map and the first-generation virtual genome map provide a backbone for the chromosome assembly of the Tammar Wallaby genome sequence. For example, 78% of the 10257 genescaffolds in the Ensembl annotation of the Tammar Wallaby genome sequence (including 10522 protein-coding genes) can now be given a chromosome location in the Tammar Wallaby virtual genome map.
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the Tammar Wallaby major histocompatibility complex shows evidence of past genomic instability
BMC Genomics, 2011Co-Authors: Hannah V Siddle, Janine E. Deakin, Penny Coggill, Laurens G Whilming, Jennifer Harrow, James C Kaufman, Stephan Beck, Katherine BelovAbstract:Background: The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a group of genes with a variety of roles in the innate and adaptive immune responses. MHC genes form a genetically linked cluster in eutherian mammals, an organization that is thought to confer functional and evolutionary advantages to the immune system. The Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii), an Australian marsupial, provides a unique model for understanding MHC gene evolution, as many of its antigen presenting genes are not linked to the MHC, but are scattered around the genome. Results: Here we describe the ‘core’ Tammar Wallaby MHC region on chromosome 2q by ordering and sequencing 33 BAC clones, covering over 4.5 MB and containing 129 genes. When compared to the MHC region of the South American opossum, eutherian mammals and non-mammals, the Wallaby MHC has a novel gene organization. The Wallaby has undergone an expansion of MHC class II genes, which are separated into two clusters by the class III genes. The antigen processing genes have undergone duplication, resulting in two copies of TAP1 and three copies of TAP2. Notably, Kangaroo Endogenous Retroviral Elements are present within the region and may have contributed to the genomic instability. Conclusions: The Wallaby MHC has been extensively remodeled since the American and Australian marsupials last shared a common ancestor. The instability is characterized by the movement of antigen presenting genes away from the core MHC, most likely via the presence and activity of retroviral elements. We propose that the movement of class II genes away from the ancestral class II region has allowed this gene family to expand and diversify in the Wallaby. The duplication of TAP genes in the Wallaby MHC makes this species a unique model organism for studying the relationship between MHC gene organization and function.
Mark D B Eldridge - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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extensive genetic differentiation detected within a model marsupial the Tammar Wallaby notamacropus eugenii
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Kyall R. Zenger, Mark D B Eldridge, Linda E. Neaves, Emily Miller, Catherine A HerbertAbstract:The Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) is one of the most intensively studied of all macropodids and was the first Australasian marsupial to have its genome sequenced. However, comparatively little is known about genetic diversity and differentiation amongst the morphologically distinct allopatric populations of Tammar wallabies found in Western (WA) and South Australia (SA). Here we compare autosomal and Y-linked microsatellite genotypes, as well as sequence data (~600 bp) from the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region (CR) in Tammar wallabies from across its distribution. Levels of diversity at autosomal microsatellite loci were typically high in the WA mainland and Kangaroo Island (SA) populations (A = 8.9–10.6; He = 0.77–0.78) but significantly reduced in other endemic island populations (A = 3.8–4.1; He = 0.41–0.48). Autosomal and Y-linked microsatellite loci revealed a pattern of significant differentiation amongst populations, especially between SA and WA. The Kangaroo Island and introduced New Zealand population showed limited differentiation. Multiple divergent mtDNA CR haplotypes were identified within both SA and WA populations. The CR haplotypes of Tammar wallabies from SA and WA show reciprocal monophyly and are highly divergent (14.5%), with levels of sequence divergence more typical of different species. Within WA Tammar wallabies, island populations each have unique clusters of highly related CR haplotypes and each is most closely related to different WA mainland haplotypes. Y-linked microsatellite haplotypes show a similar pattern of divergence although levels of diversity are lower. In light of these differences, we suggest that two subspecies of Tammar Wallaby be recognized; Notamacropus eugenii eugenii in SA and N. eugenii derbianus in WA. The extensive neutral genetic diversity and inter-population differentiation identified within Tammar wallabies should further increase the species value and usefulness as a model organism.
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Genetic differentiation amongst ten sampled Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations.
2017Co-Authors: Mark D B Eldridge, Kyall R. Zenger, Emily J. Miller, Linda E. Neaves, Catherine A HerbertAbstract:Genetic differentiation amongst ten sampled Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations.
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Published scientific names applicable to the Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) [3,23].
2017Co-Authors: Mark D B Eldridge, Kyall R. Zenger, Emily J. Miller, Linda E. Neaves, Catherine A HerbertAbstract:Published scientific names applicable to the Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) [3,23].
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Details of sampled island Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations [19–22].
2017Co-Authors: Mark D B Eldridge, Kyall R. Zenger, Emily J. Miller, Linda E. Neaves, Catherine A HerbertAbstract:Details of sampled island Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations [19–22].
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Genetic differentiation, for Y-linked microsatellite data, amongst nine sampled Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations.
2017Co-Authors: Mark D B Eldridge, Kyall R. Zenger, Emily J. Miller, Linda E. Neaves, Catherine A HerbertAbstract:Genetic differentiation, for Y-linked microsatellite data, amongst nine sampled Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations.
Catherine A Herbert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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extensive genetic differentiation detected within a model marsupial the Tammar Wallaby notamacropus eugenii
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Kyall R. Zenger, Mark D B Eldridge, Linda E. Neaves, Emily Miller, Catherine A HerbertAbstract:The Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) is one of the most intensively studied of all macropodids and was the first Australasian marsupial to have its genome sequenced. However, comparatively little is known about genetic diversity and differentiation amongst the morphologically distinct allopatric populations of Tammar wallabies found in Western (WA) and South Australia (SA). Here we compare autosomal and Y-linked microsatellite genotypes, as well as sequence data (~600 bp) from the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region (CR) in Tammar wallabies from across its distribution. Levels of diversity at autosomal microsatellite loci were typically high in the WA mainland and Kangaroo Island (SA) populations (A = 8.9–10.6; He = 0.77–0.78) but significantly reduced in other endemic island populations (A = 3.8–4.1; He = 0.41–0.48). Autosomal and Y-linked microsatellite loci revealed a pattern of significant differentiation amongst populations, especially between SA and WA. The Kangaroo Island and introduced New Zealand population showed limited differentiation. Multiple divergent mtDNA CR haplotypes were identified within both SA and WA populations. The CR haplotypes of Tammar wallabies from SA and WA show reciprocal monophyly and are highly divergent (14.5%), with levels of sequence divergence more typical of different species. Within WA Tammar wallabies, island populations each have unique clusters of highly related CR haplotypes and each is most closely related to different WA mainland haplotypes. Y-linked microsatellite haplotypes show a similar pattern of divergence although levels of diversity are lower. In light of these differences, we suggest that two subspecies of Tammar Wallaby be recognized; Notamacropus eugenii eugenii in SA and N. eugenii derbianus in WA. The extensive neutral genetic diversity and inter-population differentiation identified within Tammar wallabies should further increase the species value and usefulness as a model organism.
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Genetic differentiation amongst ten sampled Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations.
2017Co-Authors: Mark D B Eldridge, Kyall R. Zenger, Emily J. Miller, Linda E. Neaves, Catherine A HerbertAbstract:Genetic differentiation amongst ten sampled Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations.
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Published scientific names applicable to the Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) [3,23].
2017Co-Authors: Mark D B Eldridge, Kyall R. Zenger, Emily J. Miller, Linda E. Neaves, Catherine A HerbertAbstract:Published scientific names applicable to the Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) [3,23].
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Details of sampled island Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations [19–22].
2017Co-Authors: Mark D B Eldridge, Kyall R. Zenger, Emily J. Miller, Linda E. Neaves, Catherine A HerbertAbstract:Details of sampled island Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations [19–22].
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Genetic differentiation, for Y-linked microsatellite data, amongst nine sampled Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations.
2017Co-Authors: Mark D B Eldridge, Kyall R. Zenger, Emily J. Miller, Linda E. Neaves, Catherine A HerbertAbstract:Genetic differentiation, for Y-linked microsatellite data, amongst nine sampled Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations.
Marilyn B Renfree - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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male germline development in the Tammar Wallaby macropus eugenii
Reproduction, 2021Co-Authors: Teruhito Ishihara, Oliver W Griffith, Gerard A Tarulli, Marilyn B RenfreeAbstract:Male germ cells undergo two consecutive processes - pre-spermatogenesis and spermatogenesis - to generate mature sperm. In eutherian mammals, epigenetic information such as DNA methylation is dynamically reprogrammed during pre-spermatogenesis, before and during mitotic arrest. In mice, by the time germ cells resume mitosis, the majority of DNA methylation is reprogrammed. The Tammar Wallaby has a similar pattern of germ cell global DNA methylation reprogramming to that of the mouse during early pre-spermatogenesis. However, early male germline development in the Tammar or in any marsupial has not been described previously, so it is unknown whether this is a general feature regulating male germline development or a more recent phenomenon in mammalian evolutionary history. To answer this, we examined germ cell nuclear morphology and mitotic arrest during male germline development in the Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii), a marsupial that diverged from mice and humans around 160 million years ago. Tammar pro-spermatogonia proliferated after birth and entered mitotic arrest after day 30 postpartum (pp). At this time, they began moving towards the periphery of the testis cords and their nuclear size increased. Germ cells increased in number after day 100 pp which is the time that DNA methylation is known to be re-established in the Tammar. This is similar to the pattern observed in the mouse, suggesting that resumption of germ cell mitosis and the timing of DNA methylation reprogramming are correlated and conserved across mammals and over long evolutionary timescales.
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Maternal Regulation of Milk Composition, Milk Production, and Pouch Young Development During Lactation in the Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii)1
2016Co-Authors: Josephine F Trott, Kevin R. Nicholas, Richard L. C. Moyle, Kaylene J Simpson, Cyrma M Hearn, Geoffrey Shaw, Marilyn B RenfreeAbstract:Specific changes in milk composition during lactation in the Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii) were correlated with the ages of the developing pouch young (PY). The present experi-ment was designed to test the hypothesis that the sucking pat-tern of the PY determines the course of mammary development in the Tammar Wallaby. To test this hypothesis, groups of 60-day-old PY were fostered repeatedly onto one group of host mothers so that a constant sucking stimulus on the mammary gland was maintained for 56 days to allow the lactational stage to progress 42 days ahead of the age of the young. Analysis of the milk in fostered and control groups showed the timing of changes in the concentration of protein and carbohydrate were essentially un-affected by altering the sucking regime. The only change in milk protein secretion was a small delay in the timing of down-reg-ulation of the secretion of whey acidic protein and early lacta-tion protein in the host Tammars. In addition, the rates of growth and development of the foster PY were significantly increased relative to those of the control PY because of ingesting more milk with a higher energy content and different composition than normal for their age. The present study demonstrates that the lactating Tammar Wallaby regulates both milk composition and the rate of milk production and that these determine the rates of PY growth and development, irrespective of the age of the PY. developmental biology, early development, gene regulation, mammary gland
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uterine morphology during diapause and early pregnancy in the Tammar Wallaby macropus eugenii
Journal of Anatomy, 2016Co-Authors: Melanie K Laird, Cyrma M Hearn, Geoff Shaw, Marilyn B RenfreeAbstract:In mammals, embryonic diapause, or suspension of embryonic development, occurs when embryos at the blastocyst stage are arrested in growth and metabolism. In the Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii), there are two separate uteri, only one of which becomes gravid with the single conceptus at a post-partum oestrus, so changes during pregnancy can be compared between the gravid and non-gravid uterus within the same individual. Maintenance of the viable blastocyst and inhibition of further conceptus growth during diapause in the Tammar is completely dependent on the uterine environment. Although the specific endocrine and seasonal signals are well established, much less is known about the cellular changes required to create this environment. Here we present the first detailed study of uterine morphology during diapause and early pregnancy of the Tammar Wallaby. We combined transmission electron microscopy and light microscopy to describe the histological and ultrastructural changes to luminal and glandular epithelial cells. At entry into diapause after the post-partum oestrus and formation of the new conceptus, there was an increase in abundance of organelles associated with respiration in the endometrial cells of the newly gravid uterus, particularly in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, as well as an increase in secretory activity. Organelle changes and active secretion then ceased in these cells as they became quiescent and remained so for the duration of diapause. In contrast, cells of the non-gravid, post-partum, contralateral uterus underwent sloughing and remodelling during this time and some organelle changes in glandular epithelial cells continued throughout diapause, suggesting these cells are not completely quiescent during diapause, although no active secretion occurred. These findings demonstrate that diapause, like pregnancy, is under unilateral endocrine control in the Tammar, and that preparation for and maintenance of diapause requires substantial changes to uterine endometrial cell ultrastructure and activity.
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postnatal epigenetic reprogramming in the germline of a marsupial the Tammar Wallaby
Epigenetics & Chromatin, 2013Co-Authors: Shunsuke Suzuki, Geoffrey Shaw, Marilyn B RenfreeAbstract:Background Epigenetic reprogramming is essential to restore totipotency and to reset genomic imprints during mammalian germ cell development and gamete formation. The dynamic DNA methylation change at DMRs (differentially methylated regions) within imprinted domains and of retrotransposons is characteristic of this process. Both marsupials and eutherian mammals have genomic imprinting but these two subgroups have been evolving separately for up to 160 million years. Marsupials have a unique reproductive strategy and deliver tiny, altricial young that complete their development within their mother's pouch. Germ cell proliferation in the genital ridge continues after birth in the Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii), and it is only after 25 days postpartum that female germ cells begin to enter meiosis and male germ cells begin to enter mitotic arrest. At least two marsupial imprinted loci (PEG10 and H19) also have DMRs. To investigate the evolution of epigenetic reprogramming in the marsupial germline, here we collected germ cells from male pouch young of the Tammar Wallaby and analysed the methylation status of PEG10 and H19 DMR, an LTR (long terminal repeat) and a non-LTR retrotransposons.
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unique small rna signatures uncovered in the Tammar Wallaby genome
BMC Genomics, 2012Co-Authors: James Lindsay, Dawn M Carone, Judy Brown, Laura Hall, Sohaib M Qureshi, Sarah E Mitchell, Nicholas Jannetty, Greg Hannon, Marilyn B RenfreeAbstract:Small RNAs have proven to be essential regulatory molecules encoded within eukaryotic genomes. These short RNAs participate in a diverse array of cellular processes including gene regulation, chromatin dynamics and genome defense. The Tammar Wallaby, a marsupial mammal, is a powerful comparative model for studying the evolution of regulatory networks. As part of the genome sequencing initiative for the Tammar, we have explored the evolution of each of the major classes of mammalian small RNAs in an Australian marsupial for the first time, including the first genome-scale analysis of the newest class of small RNAs, centromere repeat associated short interacting RNAs (crasiRNAs). Using next generation sequencing, we have characterized the major classes of small RNAs, micro (mi) RNAs, piwi interacting (pi) RNAs, and the centromere repeat associated short interacting (crasi) RNAs in the Tammar. We examined each of these small RNA classes with respect to the newly assembled Tammar Wallaby genome for gene and repeat features, salient features that define their canonical sequences, and the constitution of both highly conserved and species-specific members. Using a combination of miRNA hairpin predictions and co-mapping with miRBase entries, we identified a highly conserved cluster of miRNA genes on the X chromosome in the Tammar and a total of 94 other predicted miRNA producing genes. Mapping all miRNAs to the Tammar genome and comparing target genes among Tammar, mouse and human, we identified 163 conserved target genes. An additional nine genes were identified in Tammar that do not have an orthologous miRNA target in human and likely represent novel miRNA-regulated genes in the Tammar. A survey of the Tammar gonadal piRNAs shows that these small RNAs are enriched in retroelements and carry members from both marsupial and Tammar-specific repeat classes. Lastly, this study includes the first in-depth analyses of the newly discovered crasiRNAs. These small RNAs are derived largely from centromere-enriched retroelements, including a novel SINE. This study encompasses the first analyses of the major classes of small RNAs for the newly completed Tammar genome, validates preliminary annotations using deep sequencing and computational approaches, and provides a foundation for future work on Tammar-specific as well as conserved, but previously unknown small RNA progenitors and targets identified herein. The characterization of new miRNA target genes and a unique profile for crasiRNAs has allowed for insight into multiple RNA mediated processes in the Tammar, including gene regulation, species incompatibilities, centromere and chromosome function.
Kyall R. Zenger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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extensive genetic differentiation detected within a model marsupial the Tammar Wallaby notamacropus eugenii
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Kyall R. Zenger, Mark D B Eldridge, Linda E. Neaves, Emily Miller, Catherine A HerbertAbstract:The Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) is one of the most intensively studied of all macropodids and was the first Australasian marsupial to have its genome sequenced. However, comparatively little is known about genetic diversity and differentiation amongst the morphologically distinct allopatric populations of Tammar wallabies found in Western (WA) and South Australia (SA). Here we compare autosomal and Y-linked microsatellite genotypes, as well as sequence data (~600 bp) from the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region (CR) in Tammar wallabies from across its distribution. Levels of diversity at autosomal microsatellite loci were typically high in the WA mainland and Kangaroo Island (SA) populations (A = 8.9–10.6; He = 0.77–0.78) but significantly reduced in other endemic island populations (A = 3.8–4.1; He = 0.41–0.48). Autosomal and Y-linked microsatellite loci revealed a pattern of significant differentiation amongst populations, especially between SA and WA. The Kangaroo Island and introduced New Zealand population showed limited differentiation. Multiple divergent mtDNA CR haplotypes were identified within both SA and WA populations. The CR haplotypes of Tammar wallabies from SA and WA show reciprocal monophyly and are highly divergent (14.5%), with levels of sequence divergence more typical of different species. Within WA Tammar wallabies, island populations each have unique clusters of highly related CR haplotypes and each is most closely related to different WA mainland haplotypes. Y-linked microsatellite haplotypes show a similar pattern of divergence although levels of diversity are lower. In light of these differences, we suggest that two subspecies of Tammar Wallaby be recognized; Notamacropus eugenii eugenii in SA and N. eugenii derbianus in WA. The extensive neutral genetic diversity and inter-population differentiation identified within Tammar wallabies should further increase the species value and usefulness as a model organism.
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Genetic differentiation amongst ten sampled Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations.
2017Co-Authors: Mark D B Eldridge, Kyall R. Zenger, Emily J. Miller, Linda E. Neaves, Catherine A HerbertAbstract:Genetic differentiation amongst ten sampled Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations.
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Published scientific names applicable to the Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) [3,23].
2017Co-Authors: Mark D B Eldridge, Kyall R. Zenger, Emily J. Miller, Linda E. Neaves, Catherine A HerbertAbstract:Published scientific names applicable to the Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) [3,23].
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Details of sampled island Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations [19–22].
2017Co-Authors: Mark D B Eldridge, Kyall R. Zenger, Emily J. Miller, Linda E. Neaves, Catherine A HerbertAbstract:Details of sampled island Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations [19–22].
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Genetic differentiation, for Y-linked microsatellite data, amongst nine sampled Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations.
2017Co-Authors: Mark D B Eldridge, Kyall R. Zenger, Emily J. Miller, Linda E. Neaves, Catherine A HerbertAbstract:Genetic differentiation, for Y-linked microsatellite data, amongst nine sampled Tammar Wallaby (Notamacropus eugenii) populations.