Tank Surface

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A. Heduit - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • predicting oxygen transfer of fine bubble diffused aeration systems model issued from dimensional analysis
    Water Research, 2005
    Co-Authors: Sylvie Gillot, S Capelamarsal, Michel Roustan, A. Heduit
    Abstract:

    Abstract The standard oxygenation performances of fine bubble diffused aeration systems in clean water, measured in 12 cylindrical Tanks (water depth from 2.4 to 6.1 m), were analysed using dimensional analysis. A relationship was established to estimate the scale-up factor for oxygen transfer, the transfer number ( N T ) N T = k L a 20 U G ( ν 2 g ) 1 / 3 = 7.77 × 1 0 - 5 ( S p S ) 0.24 ( S p S a ) - 0.15 ( D h ) 0.13 . The transfer number, which is written as a function of the oxygen transfer coefficient ( k L a 20 ) , the gas superficial velocity ( U G ) , the kinematic viscosity of water ( ν ) and the acceleration due to gravity ( g ) , has the same physical meaning as the specific oxygen transfer efficiency. N T only depends on the geometry of the Tank/aeration system [the total Surface of the perforated membrane ( S p ) , the Surface of the Tank ( S ) or its diameter ( D ) , the total Surface of the zones covered by the diffusers (“aerated area”, S a ) and the submergence of the diffusers ( h ) ]. This analysis allowed to better describe the mass transfer in cylindrical Tanks. Within the range of the parameters considered, the oxygen transfer coefficient ( k L a 20 ) is an increasing linear function of the air flow rate. For a given air flow rate and a given Tank Surface area, k L a 20 decreases with the water depth (submergence of the diffusers). For a given water depth, k L a 20 increases with the number of diffusers, and, for an equal number of diffusers, with the total area of the zones covered by the diffusers. The latter result evidences the superiority of the total floor coverage over an arrangement whereby the diffusers are placed on separate grids. The specific standard oxygen transfer efficiency is independent of the air flow rate and the water depth, the drop in the k L a 20 being offset by the increase of the saturation concentration. For a given Tank area, the impact of the total Surface of the perforated membrane ( S p ) and of the aerated area ( S a ) is the same as on the oxygen transfer coefficient.

  • Predicting oxygen transfer of fine bubble diffused aeration systems—model issued from dimensional analysis
    Water Research, 2005
    Co-Authors: Sylvie Gillot, S. Capela-marsal, Michel Roustan, A. Heduit
    Abstract:

    Abstract The standard oxygenation performances of fine bubble diffused aeration systems in clean water, measured in 12 cylindrical Tanks (water depth from 2.4 to 6.1 m), were analysed using dimensional analysis. A relationship was established to estimate the scale-up factor for oxygen transfer, the transfer number ( N T ) N T = k L a 20 U G ( ν 2 g ) 1 / 3 = 7.77 × 1 0 - 5 ( S p S ) 0.24 ( S p S a ) - 0.15 ( D h ) 0.13 . The transfer number, which is written as a function of the oxygen transfer coefficient ( k L a 20 ) , the gas superficial velocity ( U G ) , the kinematic viscosity of water ( ν ) and the acceleration due to gravity ( g ) , has the same physical meaning as the specific oxygen transfer efficiency. N T only depends on the geometry of the Tank/aeration system [the total Surface of the perforated membrane ( S p ) , the Surface of the Tank ( S ) or its diameter ( D ) , the total Surface of the zones covered by the diffusers (“aerated area”, S a ) and the submergence of the diffusers ( h ) ]. This analysis allowed to better describe the mass transfer in cylindrical Tanks. Within the range of the parameters considered, the oxygen transfer coefficient ( k L a 20 ) is an increasing linear function of the air flow rate. For a given air flow rate and a given Tank Surface area, k L a 20 decreases with the water depth (submergence of the diffusers). For a given water depth, k L a 20 increases with the number of diffusers, and, for an equal number of diffusers, with the total area of the zones covered by the diffusers. The latter result evidences the superiority of the total floor coverage over an arrangement whereby the diffusers are placed on separate grids. The specific standard oxygen transfer efficiency is independent of the air flow rate and the water depth, the drop in the k L a 20 being offset by the increase of the saturation concentration. For a given Tank area, the impact of the total Surface of the perforated membrane ( S p ) and of the aerated area ( S a ) is the same as on the oxygen transfer coefficient.

Sylvie Gillot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • predicting oxygen transfer of fine bubble diffused aeration systems model issued from dimensional analysis
    Water Research, 2005
    Co-Authors: Sylvie Gillot, S Capelamarsal, Michel Roustan, A. Heduit
    Abstract:

    Abstract The standard oxygenation performances of fine bubble diffused aeration systems in clean water, measured in 12 cylindrical Tanks (water depth from 2.4 to 6.1 m), were analysed using dimensional analysis. A relationship was established to estimate the scale-up factor for oxygen transfer, the transfer number ( N T ) N T = k L a 20 U G ( ν 2 g ) 1 / 3 = 7.77 × 1 0 - 5 ( S p S ) 0.24 ( S p S a ) - 0.15 ( D h ) 0.13 . The transfer number, which is written as a function of the oxygen transfer coefficient ( k L a 20 ) , the gas superficial velocity ( U G ) , the kinematic viscosity of water ( ν ) and the acceleration due to gravity ( g ) , has the same physical meaning as the specific oxygen transfer efficiency. N T only depends on the geometry of the Tank/aeration system [the total Surface of the perforated membrane ( S p ) , the Surface of the Tank ( S ) or its diameter ( D ) , the total Surface of the zones covered by the diffusers (“aerated area”, S a ) and the submergence of the diffusers ( h ) ]. This analysis allowed to better describe the mass transfer in cylindrical Tanks. Within the range of the parameters considered, the oxygen transfer coefficient ( k L a 20 ) is an increasing linear function of the air flow rate. For a given air flow rate and a given Tank Surface area, k L a 20 decreases with the water depth (submergence of the diffusers). For a given water depth, k L a 20 increases with the number of diffusers, and, for an equal number of diffusers, with the total area of the zones covered by the diffusers. The latter result evidences the superiority of the total floor coverage over an arrangement whereby the diffusers are placed on separate grids. The specific standard oxygen transfer efficiency is independent of the air flow rate and the water depth, the drop in the k L a 20 being offset by the increase of the saturation concentration. For a given Tank area, the impact of the total Surface of the perforated membrane ( S p ) and of the aerated area ( S a ) is the same as on the oxygen transfer coefficient.

  • Predicting oxygen transfer of fine bubble diffused aeration systems—model issued from dimensional analysis
    Water Research, 2005
    Co-Authors: Sylvie Gillot, S. Capela-marsal, Michel Roustan, A. Heduit
    Abstract:

    Abstract The standard oxygenation performances of fine bubble diffused aeration systems in clean water, measured in 12 cylindrical Tanks (water depth from 2.4 to 6.1 m), were analysed using dimensional analysis. A relationship was established to estimate the scale-up factor for oxygen transfer, the transfer number ( N T ) N T = k L a 20 U G ( ν 2 g ) 1 / 3 = 7.77 × 1 0 - 5 ( S p S ) 0.24 ( S p S a ) - 0.15 ( D h ) 0.13 . The transfer number, which is written as a function of the oxygen transfer coefficient ( k L a 20 ) , the gas superficial velocity ( U G ) , the kinematic viscosity of water ( ν ) and the acceleration due to gravity ( g ) , has the same physical meaning as the specific oxygen transfer efficiency. N T only depends on the geometry of the Tank/aeration system [the total Surface of the perforated membrane ( S p ) , the Surface of the Tank ( S ) or its diameter ( D ) , the total Surface of the zones covered by the diffusers (“aerated area”, S a ) and the submergence of the diffusers ( h ) ]. This analysis allowed to better describe the mass transfer in cylindrical Tanks. Within the range of the parameters considered, the oxygen transfer coefficient ( k L a 20 ) is an increasing linear function of the air flow rate. For a given air flow rate and a given Tank Surface area, k L a 20 decreases with the water depth (submergence of the diffusers). For a given water depth, k L a 20 increases with the number of diffusers, and, for an equal number of diffusers, with the total area of the zones covered by the diffusers. The latter result evidences the superiority of the total floor coverage over an arrangement whereby the diffusers are placed on separate grids. The specific standard oxygen transfer efficiency is independent of the air flow rate and the water depth, the drop in the k L a 20 being offset by the increase of the saturation concentration. For a given Tank area, the impact of the total Surface of the perforated membrane ( S p ) and of the aerated area ( S a ) is the same as on the oxygen transfer coefficient.

Max Q.-h. Meng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ROBIO - A Wall Climbing Robot for Oil Tank Inspection
    2006 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, 2006
    Co-Authors: Love Kalra, Jason Gu, Max Q.-h. Meng
    Abstract:

    Thousands of storage Tanks in oil refineries have to be inspected manually to prevent leakage and/or any other potential catastrophe. A wall climbing robot with permanent magnet adhesion mechanism equipped with nondestructive sensor has been designed. The robot can be operated autonomously or manually. In autonomous mode the robot uses an ingenious coverage algorithm based on distance transform function to navigate itself over the Tank Surface in a back and forth motion to scan the external wall for the possible faults using sensors without any human intervention. In manual mode the robot can be navigated wirelessly from the ground station to any location of interest. Preliminary experiment has been carried out to test the prototype.

Michel Roustan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • predicting oxygen transfer of fine bubble diffused aeration systems model issued from dimensional analysis
    Water Research, 2005
    Co-Authors: Sylvie Gillot, S Capelamarsal, Michel Roustan, A. Heduit
    Abstract:

    Abstract The standard oxygenation performances of fine bubble diffused aeration systems in clean water, measured in 12 cylindrical Tanks (water depth from 2.4 to 6.1 m), were analysed using dimensional analysis. A relationship was established to estimate the scale-up factor for oxygen transfer, the transfer number ( N T ) N T = k L a 20 U G ( ν 2 g ) 1 / 3 = 7.77 × 1 0 - 5 ( S p S ) 0.24 ( S p S a ) - 0.15 ( D h ) 0.13 . The transfer number, which is written as a function of the oxygen transfer coefficient ( k L a 20 ) , the gas superficial velocity ( U G ) , the kinematic viscosity of water ( ν ) and the acceleration due to gravity ( g ) , has the same physical meaning as the specific oxygen transfer efficiency. N T only depends on the geometry of the Tank/aeration system [the total Surface of the perforated membrane ( S p ) , the Surface of the Tank ( S ) or its diameter ( D ) , the total Surface of the zones covered by the diffusers (“aerated area”, S a ) and the submergence of the diffusers ( h ) ]. This analysis allowed to better describe the mass transfer in cylindrical Tanks. Within the range of the parameters considered, the oxygen transfer coefficient ( k L a 20 ) is an increasing linear function of the air flow rate. For a given air flow rate and a given Tank Surface area, k L a 20 decreases with the water depth (submergence of the diffusers). For a given water depth, k L a 20 increases with the number of diffusers, and, for an equal number of diffusers, with the total area of the zones covered by the diffusers. The latter result evidences the superiority of the total floor coverage over an arrangement whereby the diffusers are placed on separate grids. The specific standard oxygen transfer efficiency is independent of the air flow rate and the water depth, the drop in the k L a 20 being offset by the increase of the saturation concentration. For a given Tank area, the impact of the total Surface of the perforated membrane ( S p ) and of the aerated area ( S a ) is the same as on the oxygen transfer coefficient.

  • Predicting oxygen transfer of fine bubble diffused aeration systems—model issued from dimensional analysis
    Water Research, 2005
    Co-Authors: Sylvie Gillot, S. Capela-marsal, Michel Roustan, A. Heduit
    Abstract:

    Abstract The standard oxygenation performances of fine bubble diffused aeration systems in clean water, measured in 12 cylindrical Tanks (water depth from 2.4 to 6.1 m), were analysed using dimensional analysis. A relationship was established to estimate the scale-up factor for oxygen transfer, the transfer number ( N T ) N T = k L a 20 U G ( ν 2 g ) 1 / 3 = 7.77 × 1 0 - 5 ( S p S ) 0.24 ( S p S a ) - 0.15 ( D h ) 0.13 . The transfer number, which is written as a function of the oxygen transfer coefficient ( k L a 20 ) , the gas superficial velocity ( U G ) , the kinematic viscosity of water ( ν ) and the acceleration due to gravity ( g ) , has the same physical meaning as the specific oxygen transfer efficiency. N T only depends on the geometry of the Tank/aeration system [the total Surface of the perforated membrane ( S p ) , the Surface of the Tank ( S ) or its diameter ( D ) , the total Surface of the zones covered by the diffusers (“aerated area”, S a ) and the submergence of the diffusers ( h ) ]. This analysis allowed to better describe the mass transfer in cylindrical Tanks. Within the range of the parameters considered, the oxygen transfer coefficient ( k L a 20 ) is an increasing linear function of the air flow rate. For a given air flow rate and a given Tank Surface area, k L a 20 decreases with the water depth (submergence of the diffusers). For a given water depth, k L a 20 increases with the number of diffusers, and, for an equal number of diffusers, with the total area of the zones covered by the diffusers. The latter result evidences the superiority of the total floor coverage over an arrangement whereby the diffusers are placed on separate grids. The specific standard oxygen transfer efficiency is independent of the air flow rate and the water depth, the drop in the k L a 20 being offset by the increase of the saturation concentration. For a given Tank area, the impact of the total Surface of the perforated membrane ( S p ) and of the aerated area ( S a ) is the same as on the oxygen transfer coefficient.

Y Tripanagnostopoulos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Study of the distribution of the absorbed solar radiation on the performance of a CPC-type ICS water heater
    Renewable Energy, 2008
    Co-Authors: Manolis Souliotis, Y Tripanagnostopoulos
    Abstract:

    An Integrated Collector Storage (ICS) solar water heater was designed, constructed and studied with an emphasis on its optical and thermal performance. The ICS system consists of one cylindrical horizontal Tank properly mounted in a stationary symmetrical Compound Parabolic Concentrating (CPC) reflector trough. The main objective was the design and the construction of a low cost solar system with improved thermal performance based on the exploitation of the non-uniform distribution of the absorbed solar radiation on the cylindrical storage Tank Surface. A ray-tracing model was developed to gauge the distribution of the incoming solar radiation on the absorber Surface and the results were compared with those from a theoretical optical model based on the average number of reflections. The variation of the optical efficiency as function of the incident angle of the incoming solar radiation along with its dependence on the month during annual operation of ICS system is presented. The ICS device was experimentally tested outdoors during a whole year in order to correlate the observed temperature rise and stratification of the stored water with the non-uniform distribution of the absorbed solar radiation. The results show that the upper part of the Tank Surface collects the larger fraction of the total absorbed solar radiation for all incident angles throughout the year. This is found to have a significant effect on the overall thermal performance of the ICS unit. In addition, the presented results can be considered important for the design and the operation of ICS systems consisting of cylindrical Tank and CPC reflectors.