The Experts below are selected from a list of 44934 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Stefania Arioli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dna based Taxonomic Identification of basidiospores in hallucinogenic mushrooms cultivated in grow kits seized by the police lc uv quali quantitative determination of psilocybin and psilocin
2016Co-Authors: Veniero Gambaro, Chiara Rusconi, Lucia Dellacqua, Gabriella Roda, Sebastiano Arnoldi, Giacomo Luca Visconti, Eleonora Casagni, Fiorenza Fare, Eleonora Paladino, Stefania ArioliAbstract:The Taxonomic Identification of the biological material contained in the hallucinogenic mushrooms culture media, was carried out using a DNA-based approach, thus highlighting the usefulness of this approach in the forensic Identification of illegal samples also when they are present as basidiospores mixed in culture media and spore-bearing fruiting body are not present. This approach is very useful as it allows the unequivocal Identification of potentially illicit material before the cultivation and it enables to stop the material to the Customs and to destroy it due to its dangerousness without cultivating the "grow-kits" and without instructing a criminal case. In fact, even if psilocin and psilocybin and the whole mushrooms are illegal in many countries, there is no specific indication in the law about the so called "grow-kits", containing the spores. To confirm the data obtained by the Taxonomic Identification, a simple, reliable, efficient LC-UV method, using tryptamine as internal standard, suitable for the forensic quali-quantitative determination of psilocin and psilocybin in hallucinogenic mushroom was optimized, validated and applied to the mushrooms grown after the cultivation of the grow-kits seized by the judicial authority, with the authorization of the Ministry of Health. A cation exchange column was used in a gradient elution mode (Phase A: 50mMK2HPO4; 100mM NaCl pH=3 Phase B: methanol). The developed method was linear over the calibration range with a R(2)>0.9992 for both the analytes. The detection and quantification limits were respectively 0.01 and 0.1μg/mL for psilocybin and 0.05μg/mL and 0.1μg/mL for psilocin and the intra- and inter-day precision was satisfactory (coefficients of variation <2.0% for both the analytes). The content of psilocybin in the mushrooms grown from the seized "grow-kits" ranged from 1.02 to 7.60mg/g of dry vegetable material, while the content of psilocin from 0.415 to 8.36mg/g.
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DNA-based Taxonomic Identification of basidiospores in hallucinogenic mushrooms cultivated in "grow-kits" seized by the police: LC-UV quali-quantitative determination of psilocybin and psilocin
2016Co-Authors: Veniero Gambaro, Chiara Rusconi, Gabriella Roda, Sebastiano Arnoldi, Giacomo Luca Visconti, Eleonora Casagni, Eleonora Paladino, L. Dell’, F. Farè, Stefania ArioliAbstract:The Taxonomic Identification of the biological material contained in the hallucinogenic mushrooms culture media, was carried out using a DNA-based approach, thus highlighting the usefulness of this approach in the forensic Identification of illegal samples also when they are present as basidiospores mixed in culture media and spore-bearing fruiting body are not present. This approach is very useful as it allows the unequivocal Identification of potentially illicit material before the cultivation and it enables to stop the material to the Customs and to destroy it due to its dangerousness without cultivating the "grow-kits" and without instructing a criminal case. In fact, even if psilocin and psilocybin and the whole mushrooms are illegal in many countries, there is no specific indication in the law about the so called "grow-kits", containing the spores. To confirm the data obtained by the Taxonomic Identification, a simple, reliable, efficient LC-UV method, using tryptamine as internal standard, suitable for the forensic quali-quantitative determination of psilocin and psilocybin in hallucinogenic mushroom was optimized, validated and applied to the mushrooms grown after the cultivation of the grow-kits seized by the judicial authority, with the authorization of the Ministry of Health. A cation exchange column was used in a gradient elution mode (Phase A: 50 mM K2HPO4; 100 mM NaCI pH = 3 Phase B: methanol). The developed method was linear over the calibration range with a R-2 > 0.9992 for both the analytes. The detection and quantification limits were respectively 0.01 and 0.1 mu g/mL for psilocybin and 0.05 mu g/mL and 0.1 mu g/mL for psilocin and the intra- and inter-day precision was satisfactory (coefficients of variation
Veniero Gambaro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dna based Taxonomic Identification of basidiospores in hallucinogenic mushrooms cultivated in grow kits seized by the police lc uv quali quantitative determination of psilocybin and psilocin
2016Co-Authors: Veniero Gambaro, Chiara Rusconi, Lucia Dellacqua, Gabriella Roda, Sebastiano Arnoldi, Giacomo Luca Visconti, Eleonora Casagni, Fiorenza Fare, Eleonora Paladino, Stefania ArioliAbstract:The Taxonomic Identification of the biological material contained in the hallucinogenic mushrooms culture media, was carried out using a DNA-based approach, thus highlighting the usefulness of this approach in the forensic Identification of illegal samples also when they are present as basidiospores mixed in culture media and spore-bearing fruiting body are not present. This approach is very useful as it allows the unequivocal Identification of potentially illicit material before the cultivation and it enables to stop the material to the Customs and to destroy it due to its dangerousness without cultivating the "grow-kits" and without instructing a criminal case. In fact, even if psilocin and psilocybin and the whole mushrooms are illegal in many countries, there is no specific indication in the law about the so called "grow-kits", containing the spores. To confirm the data obtained by the Taxonomic Identification, a simple, reliable, efficient LC-UV method, using tryptamine as internal standard, suitable for the forensic quali-quantitative determination of psilocin and psilocybin in hallucinogenic mushroom was optimized, validated and applied to the mushrooms grown after the cultivation of the grow-kits seized by the judicial authority, with the authorization of the Ministry of Health. A cation exchange column was used in a gradient elution mode (Phase A: 50mMK2HPO4; 100mM NaCl pH=3 Phase B: methanol). The developed method was linear over the calibration range with a R(2)>0.9992 for both the analytes. The detection and quantification limits were respectively 0.01 and 0.1μg/mL for psilocybin and 0.05μg/mL and 0.1μg/mL for psilocin and the intra- and inter-day precision was satisfactory (coefficients of variation <2.0% for both the analytes). The content of psilocybin in the mushrooms grown from the seized "grow-kits" ranged from 1.02 to 7.60mg/g of dry vegetable material, while the content of psilocin from 0.415 to 8.36mg/g.
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DNA-based Taxonomic Identification of basidiospores in hallucinogenic mushrooms cultivated in "grow-kits" seized by the police: LC-UV quali-quantitative determination of psilocybin and psilocin
2016Co-Authors: Veniero Gambaro, Chiara Rusconi, Gabriella Roda, Sebastiano Arnoldi, Giacomo Luca Visconti, Eleonora Casagni, Eleonora Paladino, L. Dell’, F. Farè, Stefania ArioliAbstract:The Taxonomic Identification of the biological material contained in the hallucinogenic mushrooms culture media, was carried out using a DNA-based approach, thus highlighting the usefulness of this approach in the forensic Identification of illegal samples also when they are present as basidiospores mixed in culture media and spore-bearing fruiting body are not present. This approach is very useful as it allows the unequivocal Identification of potentially illicit material before the cultivation and it enables to stop the material to the Customs and to destroy it due to its dangerousness without cultivating the "grow-kits" and without instructing a criminal case. In fact, even if psilocin and psilocybin and the whole mushrooms are illegal in many countries, there is no specific indication in the law about the so called "grow-kits", containing the spores. To confirm the data obtained by the Taxonomic Identification, a simple, reliable, efficient LC-UV method, using tryptamine as internal standard, suitable for the forensic quali-quantitative determination of psilocin and psilocybin in hallucinogenic mushroom was optimized, validated and applied to the mushrooms grown after the cultivation of the grow-kits seized by the judicial authority, with the authorization of the Ministry of Health. A cation exchange column was used in a gradient elution mode (Phase A: 50 mM K2HPO4; 100 mM NaCI pH = 3 Phase B: methanol). The developed method was linear over the calibration range with a R-2 > 0.9992 for both the analytes. The detection and quantification limits were respectively 0.01 and 0.1 mu g/mL for psilocybin and 0.05 mu g/mL and 0.1 mu g/mL for psilocin and the intra- and inter-day precision was satisfactory (coefficients of variation
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Taxonomic Identification of Hallucinogenic Mushrooms Seized on the Illegal Market Using a DNA-Based Approach and LC/MS-MS Determination of Psilocybin and Psilocin
2015Co-Authors: Veniero Gambaro, Chiara Rusconi, Gabriella Roda, Sebastiano Arnoldi, Giacomo Luca Visconti, Eleonora Casagni, Caterina Ceravolo, L. Dell’, F. Farè, Lucia TamboriniAbstract:The Taxonomic Identification of mushrooms suspected to contain hallucinogenic active principles was carried out using a DNA-based approach, thus highlighting the usefulness of this approach in the forensic Identification of illegal samples also when they are difficult to identify because the morphologic Identification is prevented, due to the bad conservation of the vegetable material. To confirm the presence of the illegal active principles, the optimization of a LC/MS-MS method for the qualitativequantitative analysis of psilocin and psilocybin in mushroom samples seized by the judicial authority is described. For the quantitative determination it was necessary to identify and synthesize a proper internal standard (IS, i.e., 5-hydroxy-N,N-diethyltryptamine), endowed with chromatographic features suitable for the analysis of the active principles. LC/MS-MS analysis evidenced that the amount of psilocybin ranged from 0.5 to 1.4% while that of psilocin from 1.3 to 2.5% (w/w), confirming literature data. The concentration of psilocin was higher in the cap and in the distal part of the stem (near to the soil) than in the part of the stem proximal to the cap. On the other hand the concentration of psilocybin was higher in the cap and in the proximal part, being lower in the distal part of the stem
David L Perkins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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wevote weighted voting Taxonomic Identification method of microbial sequences
2016Co-Authors: Ahmed A Metwally, Yang Dai, Patricia W Finn, David L PerkinsAbstract:Background Metagenome shotgun sequencing presents opportunities to identify organisms that may prevent or promote disease. The analysis of sample diversity is achieved by Taxonomic Identification of metagenomic reads followed by generating an abundance profile. Numerous tools have been developed based on different design principles. Tools achieving high precision can lack sensitivity in some applications. Conversely, tools with high sensitivity can suffer from low precision and require long computation time. Methods In this paper, we present WEVOTE (WEighted VOting Taxonomic Identification), a method that classifies metagenome shotgun sequencing DNA reads based on an ensemble of existing methods using k-mer-based, marker-based, and naive-similarity based approaches. Our evaluation on fourteen benchmarking datasets shows that WEVOTE improves the classification precision by reducing false positive annotations while preserving a high level of sensitivity. Conclusions WEVOTE is an efficient and automated tool that combines multiple individual Taxonomic Identification methods to produce more precise and sensitive microbial profiles. WEVOTE is developed primarily to identify reads generated by MetaGenome Shotgun sequencing. It is expandable and has the potential to incorporate additional tools to produce a more accurate Taxonomic profile. WEVOTE was implemented using C++ and shell scripting and is available at www.github.com/aametwally/WEVOTE.
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wevote weighted voting Taxonomic Identification method of microbial sequences
2016Co-Authors: Ahmed A Metwally, Yang Dai, Patricia W Finn, David L PerkinsAbstract:Background: Metagenome shotgun sequencing presents opportunities to identify organisms that may prevent or promote disease. Analysis of sample diversity is achieved by Taxonomic Identification of metagenomic reads followed by generating an abundance profile. Numerous tools have been developed for Taxonomic Identification based on different design principles. Tools that have been designed to achieve high precision and practical performance still lack sensitivity. Moreover, tools with the highest sensitivity suffer from low precision, low specificity along with long computation time. Methods: In this paper, we present WEVOTE (WEighted VOting Taxonomic Identification), a method that classifies metagenome shotgun sequencing DNA reads based on an ensemble of existing methods using k-mer based, marker-based, and naive-similarity based approaches. Our evaluation, based on fourteen benchmarking datasets, shows that WEVOTE reduces occurrence of the false positives to half of that produced by other high sensitive tools while also maintaining the same level of sensitivity. Conclusions: WEVOTE is an efficient, automated tool that combines multiple individual Taxonomic Identification methods. It is expandable and has the potential to reduce false positives and produce a more accurate Taxonomic Identification for microbiome data. WEVOTE was implemented using C++ and shell script and is available at https://bitbucket.org/ametwally/wevote.
Christopher E Carr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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carrierseq a sequence analysis workflow for low input nanopore sequencing
2018Co-Authors: Angel Mojarro, Julie Hachey, Gary Ruvkun, Christopher E Carr, Maria T ZuberAbstract:Background Long-read nanopore sequencing technology is of particular significance for Taxonomic Identification at or below the species level. For many environmental samples, the total extractable DNA is far below the current input requirements of nanopore sequencing, preventing “sample to sequence” metagenomics from low-biomass or recalcitrant samples.
Miroslav Valan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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automated Taxonomic Identification of insects with expert level accuracy using effective feature transfer from convolutional networks
2019Co-Authors: Miroslav Valan, Karoly Makonyi, Atsuto Maki, Dominik Vondracek, Fredrik RonquistAbstract:Rapid and reliable Identification of insects is important in many contexts, from the detection of disease vectors and invasive species to the sorting of material from biodiversity inventories. Beca ...
