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Maria Linden - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Christer Gerdtman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Ylva Backlund - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

S Chauhan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • computer assisted orthopaedic surgery do we need caos
    Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-british Volume, 2003
    Co-Authors: J M Sikorski, S Chauhan
    Abstract:

    ©2003 British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery doi.10.1302/0301-620X.85B3.14212 $2.00 J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 2003;85-B:319-23. In orthopaedic surgery there is a well-recognised relationship between accuracy and outcome. Accurate reduction of fractures improves the chance of union and the cosmetic and the functional results. Precise correction of childhood deformities is necessary to ensure growth in a mechanically appropriate direction. A well-aligned hip or knee replacement is less likely to dislocate and will last longer.1,2 Surgeons respond to the need for accuracy by taking care and continually modifying their techniques to improve their performance. They have been helped enormously by the increased and increasing safety of anaesthesia.3 In most operations there is no longer any premium on operating time. Patients having joint replacements do not suffer if the surgeon takes an extra 30 minutes to produce improved overall alignment. A better Technical outcome now usually takes precedence over a quick operation. In striving to improve accuracy we have called on a large array of tools and Aids. Intraoperative radiology is used routinely in fracture surgery. Endoscopy has allowed a much more focused approach than is possible with open procedures. Nerve stimulators identify nerves which may be at risk. In joint replacement freehand techniques have been augmented by the introduction of mechanical alignment jigs and cutting blocks. Each of these Technical refinements has initially met with some resistance, but has become established as the resulting improvement in outcome has become clear. We are now being presented with another Technical Aid, which promises to do much for accuracy in a wide range of surgical endeavour. In some respects it is little different from other tools and Aids which we have accepted in the past. It is going through the similar stages of introduction, assessment and acceptance as did fluoroscopy or arthroscopy. It promises to have an impact of similar magnitude. Yet computer-assisted orthopaedic surgery (CAOS) is different in some important respects.

Pérez Rizo Enrique - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Implementación de modelo de miembro superior y sincronización de la instrumentación para el análisis biomecánico de la marcha con bastones
    'Universitat Politecnica de Valencia', 2013
    Co-Authors: Pérez Rizo Enrique
    Abstract:

    [ES] En la marcha con ayudas técnicas, los estudios biomecánicos basados en modelos de miembro inferior de sólidos rígidos aportan una información cinética y cinemática muy valiosa. Estos datos, incluso pueden proveer información de la estrategia de uso y respecto a la influencia en los parámetros de la marcha, de la posición del aparato y de la transmisión de las cargas. Estudios recientes que analizan la diferencia entre caminar con bastones y caminar sin bastones muestran los beneficios del uso de ayudas técnicas en la marcha, con respecto a la transferencia de la carga articular y a la fatiga muscular de los miembros inferiores o el aumento en la velocidad de marcha. Pero evidentemente todas las modificaciones y descargas que se producen en los miembros inferiores, se traducen en una tarea en cuanto a movimiento y soportación de cargas que los miembros superiores tienen que realizar. Por tanto el impacto que tiene el uso de estas ayudas técnicas sobre los miembros superiores es un movimiento susceptible de ser analizado, que se debería estudiar. Es posible estudiar la cinemática y la cinética del tren superior cuando se usan bastones o andadores para caminar, si se dispone de un modelo de sólidos rígidos diseñado específicamente para este fin que contemple los miembros superiores y la transferencia de carga desde la ayuda técnica hacia el sólido rígido correspondiente. Nosotros presentamos un modelo biomecánico compuesto por los siguientes sólidos rígidos: tronco, antebrazo, brazo, mano y bastón Lofstrand instrumentado, el cual mide las fuerzas y los momentos de reacción en la punta de éste. Se describen los sistemas de coordenadas de cada sólido rígido, los centros articulares y el setup de marcadores virtuales y reales. Este modelo está puesto en marcha y los datos se recopilan a partir de un equipo de fotogrametría de marcadores activos capaz de adquirir las fuerzas y los momentos del bastón de forma sincronicada. Con la anterior configuración hemos conseguido calcular las los datos de cinemática y cinética de las articulaciones y los parámetros espacio-temporales de los miembros superiores cuando se camina con ayuda técnica.[EN] In gait with assistive devices, studies based on biomechanical rigid body models of the lower limb provide valuable kinetic and kinematic information. Furthermore such data can provide information about device use-strategy and the influence of device position and load-transmission on a subject¿s gait parameters. Recent studies that have analyzed the difference between walking with or without crutches show that the benefits of the use of walking Aids, improve joint load transfer and muscle fatigue in legs and an increase in gait speed. Obviously changes in lower limb load can affect upper extremity movement and weight bearing forces. As such, the impact of the use of these Aids on upper limb function should be analyzed. It is only possible to study the kinematics and kinetics of the upper body with the Aid of canes or walkers, if there is a rigid body model designed specifically for this purpose, that includes the upper limbs and the transfer of load from the Technical Aid to the corresponding rigid body. Here we present a biomechanical model which consists of the following rigid solids: trunk, forearm, arm, hand and an instrumented Lofstrand crutch, which measure the reaction forces and moments at the tip of the assistive Aid. We describe the coordinate systems of each rigid body, the joint centers and the setup of real and virtual markers. This model is already implemented and data are collected from an active marker photogrammetry device capable of acquiring the forces and moments acting on a cane in a synchronized way. With the above configuration we are able to calculate the kinematic and kinetic joint data and the spatio-temporal upper limb parameters with regard to Lofstrand crutch-assisted gait.Pérez Rizo, E. (2012). Implementación de modelo de miembro superior y sincronización de la instrumentación para el análisis biomecánico de la marcha con bastones. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/19217Archivo delegad

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