The Experts below are selected from a list of 273 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Benjamin M. Friedman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Work and consumption in an era of unbalanced Technological Advance
Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 2017Co-Authors: Benjamin M. FriedmanAbstract:Keynes’s “Grandchildren” essay famously predicted both a rapid increase in productivity and a sharp shrinkage of the workweek – to 15 h – over the century from 1930. Keynes was right (so far) about output per capita, but wrong about the workweek. The key reason is that he failed to allow for changing distribution. With widening inequality, median income (and therefore the income of most families) has risen, and is now rising, much more slowly than he anticipated. The failure of the workweek to shrink as he predicted follows. Other factors, including habit formation, socially induced consumption preferences, and network effects are part of the story too. Combining the analysis of Keynes, Meade and Galbraith suggests a way forward for economic policy under the prevailing circumstances.
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work and consumption in an era of unbalanced Technological Advance
2015Co-Authors: Benjamin M. FriedmanAbstract:Keynes’s “Grandchildren” essay famously predicted both a rapid increase in productivity and a sharp shrinkage of the workweek – to fifteen hours – over the century from 1930. Keynes was right (so far) about output per capita, but wrong about the workweek. The key reason is that he failed to allow for changing distribution. With widening inequality, median income (and therefore the income of most families) has risen, and is now rising, much more slowly than he anticipated. The failure of the workweek to shrink as he predicted follows. Other factors, including habit formation, socially induced consumption preferences, and network effects are part of the story too. Combining the analysis of Keynes, Meade and Galbraith suggests a way forward for economic policy under the prevailing circumstances.Institutional subscribers to the NBER working paper series, and residents of developing countries may download this paper without additional charge at www.nber.org.
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work and consumption in an era of unbalanced Technological Advance
National Bureau of Economic Research, 2015Co-Authors: Benjamin M. FriedmanAbstract:Keynes’s “Grandchildren” essay famously predicted both a rapid increase in productivity and a sharp shrinkage of the workweek – to fifteen hours – over the century from 1930. Keynes was right (so far) about output per capita, but wrong about the workweek. The key reason is that he failed to allow for changing distribution. With widening inequality, median income (and therefore the income of most families) has risen, and is now rising, much more slowly than he anticipated. The failure of the workweek to shrink as he predicted follows. Other factors, including habit formation, socially induced consumption preferences, and network effects are part of the story too. Combining the analysis of Keynes, Meade and Galbraith suggests a way forward for economic policy under the prevailing circumstances.
R N Byron - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Technological Advance and the conservation of resources
International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 1996Co-Authors: Jeffrey Sayer, R N ByronAbstract:SUMMARY This paper reviews the nature of Technological changes in forestry and the forest industries and their impacts on forest conservation and deforestation. While noting that Technological changes have made available substantially more forest products to consumers, with higher quality and/or at lower prices than would otherwise have been possible, not all impacts have been positive. The authors take a long-term perspective of how changes in technologies, markets and transportation are likely to affect the management and conservation of tropical forests. The paper defines a research challenge to direct and harness science and innovation towards increasing the productivity of forests and reducing the environmental costs associated with forest industries and products.
Hui Nin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Neo-Schumpeterian Approach and Its Adaptability in China
Journal of Yunnan University, 2003Co-Authors: Hui NinAbstract:The Neo-Schumpeterian Approach, with the model of Romer's knowledge overflow, the model of Lucas' human capital overflow, the model of Barro's public product and crowded model as the representatives, has solved the core competitiveness problem in economic growth and ridded itself of the inherent defects in the neo-classical theory of economic growth. Thus, we should adhere to Technological Advance, and attach great importance to the accumulation of human capital and the government activities in order to realize a sustainable economic development in China.
A. Cuschieri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cost-effectiveness of endoscopic surgery.
Health Economics, 1993Co-Authors: A. CuschieriAbstract:Endoscopic surgery is a rapidly defusing treatment approach subject to continual Technological Advance. It offers great potential for economic benefits as well as health gains, but as shown in the article in this issue by Kesteloot and Penninckx, the relative cost of open versus endoscopic surgery is a quite complex issue. The main factors influencing the costs and effectiveness of endoscopic surgery are reviewed and the need for more and better evaluation studies highlighted.
Ian Lange - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mandate a man to fish Technological Advance in cooling systems at u s thermal electric plants
Water Resources Research, 2016Co-Authors: Victor M Peredoalvarez, Allen Bellas, Whitney Trainorguitton, Ian LangeAbstract:Steam-based electrical generating plants use large quantities of water for cooling. The potential environmental impacts of water cooling systems have resulted in their inclusion in the Clean Water Act's (CWA) Sections 316(a), related to thermal discharges and 316(b), related to cooling water intake. The CWA mandates a Technological standard for water cooling systems. This analysis examines how the performance-adjusted rates of thermal emissions and water withdrawals for cooling units have changed over their vintage and how these rates of change were impacted by imposition of the CWA. Though technology standards are believed to hinder Technological progress, results show that progress occurred for cooling systems installed after the CWA and no progress occurred previous to it.
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Technological Advance in Cooling Systems at U.S. Power Plants
Economics of Energy & Environmental Policy, 2013Co-Authors: Allen Bellas, Duane Finney, Ian LangeAbstract:Prior to adoption of the 1972 Clean Water Act (CWA) most US. power\nplants used once-through cooling water systems that discharged large\nquantities of warm water This resulted in significant amounts of thermal\npollution in neighboring bodies of water The CWA essentially mandated\nrecirculating systems for new facilities. This paper investigates\nwhether there was Technological Advance in cooling systems, which we\ndefine as reductions in performance-adjusted costs, and how these\nAdvances are related to imposition of the CWA. Results suggest that the\nperformance-adjusted cost of installing a recirculating cooling system\nwas falling prior to implementation of the CWA but rose thereafter This\nis consistent with the theoretical work suggesting that command and\ncontrol regulation offers poor incentives for Advances in pollution\ncontrol technology.
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Technological Advance in cooling systems at u s power plants
2011Co-Authors: Allen Bellas, Duane Finney, Ian LangeAbstract:Prior to adoption of the 1972 Clean Water Act (CWA) most U.S. power plants used once-through cooling water systems that discharged large quantities of warm water and resulted in significant amounts of thermal pollution in neighboring bodies of water. The CWA essentially mandated recirculating systems for most new facilities. This paper investigates whether there was either cost-saving or performance enhancing Technological Advance in cooling systems and how these Advances are related to imposition of the CWA.