The Experts below are selected from a list of 81 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Tatiana Laufer Da Silva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Technological Hazard vulnerability a gis based approach for supporting environmental zoning
Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 2021Co-Authors: Iporã Possantti, Tatiana Laufer Da SilvaAbstract:Technological Hazard assessments are extremely rare in Brazil, despite their importance for planning. Aquatic systems are of particular concern, since they are the endpoint of every process occurring in the watershed, including Technological disasters. Thus, our goal is to map the Technological Hazard vulnerability in lagoon systems though a geographic information systems (GIS) model. The Technological Hazard vulnerability model consists of the spatial overlapping of Technological pressure and fragility, having environmental systems as spatial units. The methodology was applied to the lagoon systems of the Rio Grande do Sul State, Southern Brazil, as a case study. The very high vulnerability of the Northern Guaiba Lake is due to the high concentration of Technological infrastructures combined with high fragilities of wetland systems. In the Patos Lagoon Estuary, highly vulnerable systems consist mostly in shallow waters. The Mirim Lagoon was less vulnerable compared to other systems, due to a much smaller occurrence of elements of Technological pressure. The proposed methodology allowed for the identification of environmental systems particularly vulnerable to Technological Hazards, where management efforts must be more intense. The results were used for the Ecological-Economic Zoning of the Rio Grande do Sul, as well as to revise the water quality framework of the Patos Lagoon estuary, currently underway. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:445-454. © 2020 SETAC.
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Technological Hazard Vulnerability: A GIS‐Based Approach for Supporting Environmental Zoning
Integrated environmental assessment and management, 2020Co-Authors: Iporã Possantti, Tatiana Laufer Da SilvaAbstract:Technological Hazard assessments are extremely rare in Brazil, despite their importance for planning. Aquatic systems are of particular concern, since they are the endpoint of every process occurring in the watershed, including Technological disasters. Thus, our goal is to map the Technological Hazard vulnerability in lagoon systems though a geographic information systems (GIS) model. The Technological Hazard vulnerability model consists of the spatial overlapping of Technological pressure and fragility, having environmental systems as spatial units. The methodology was applied to the lagoon systems of the Rio Grande do Sul State, Southern Brazil, as a case study. The very high vulnerability of the Northern Guaiba Lake is due to the high concentration of Technological infrastructures combined with high fragilities of wetland systems. In the Patos Lagoon Estuary, highly vulnerable systems consist mostly in shallow waters. The Mirim Lagoon was less vulnerable compared to other systems, due to a much smaller occurrence of elements of Technological pressure. The proposed methodology allowed for the identification of environmental systems particularly vulnerable to Technological Hazards, where management efforts must be more intense. The results were used for the Ecological-Economic Zoning of the Rio Grande do Sul, as well as to revise the water quality framework of the Patos Lagoon estuary, currently underway. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:445-454. © 2020 SETAC.
Iporã Possantti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Technological Hazard vulnerability a gis based approach for supporting environmental zoning
Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 2021Co-Authors: Iporã Possantti, Tatiana Laufer Da SilvaAbstract:Technological Hazard assessments are extremely rare in Brazil, despite their importance for planning. Aquatic systems are of particular concern, since they are the endpoint of every process occurring in the watershed, including Technological disasters. Thus, our goal is to map the Technological Hazard vulnerability in lagoon systems though a geographic information systems (GIS) model. The Technological Hazard vulnerability model consists of the spatial overlapping of Technological pressure and fragility, having environmental systems as spatial units. The methodology was applied to the lagoon systems of the Rio Grande do Sul State, Southern Brazil, as a case study. The very high vulnerability of the Northern Guaiba Lake is due to the high concentration of Technological infrastructures combined with high fragilities of wetland systems. In the Patos Lagoon Estuary, highly vulnerable systems consist mostly in shallow waters. The Mirim Lagoon was less vulnerable compared to other systems, due to a much smaller occurrence of elements of Technological pressure. The proposed methodology allowed for the identification of environmental systems particularly vulnerable to Technological Hazards, where management efforts must be more intense. The results were used for the Ecological-Economic Zoning of the Rio Grande do Sul, as well as to revise the water quality framework of the Patos Lagoon estuary, currently underway. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:445-454. © 2020 SETAC.
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Technological Hazard Vulnerability: A GIS‐Based Approach for Supporting Environmental Zoning
Integrated environmental assessment and management, 2020Co-Authors: Iporã Possantti, Tatiana Laufer Da SilvaAbstract:Technological Hazard assessments are extremely rare in Brazil, despite their importance for planning. Aquatic systems are of particular concern, since they are the endpoint of every process occurring in the watershed, including Technological disasters. Thus, our goal is to map the Technological Hazard vulnerability in lagoon systems though a geographic information systems (GIS) model. The Technological Hazard vulnerability model consists of the spatial overlapping of Technological pressure and fragility, having environmental systems as spatial units. The methodology was applied to the lagoon systems of the Rio Grande do Sul State, Southern Brazil, as a case study. The very high vulnerability of the Northern Guaiba Lake is due to the high concentration of Technological infrastructures combined with high fragilities of wetland systems. In the Patos Lagoon Estuary, highly vulnerable systems consist mostly in shallow waters. The Mirim Lagoon was less vulnerable compared to other systems, due to a much smaller occurrence of elements of Technological pressure. The proposed methodology allowed for the identification of environmental systems particularly vulnerable to Technological Hazards, where management efforts must be more intense. The results were used for the Ecological-Economic Zoning of the Rio Grande do Sul, as well as to revise the water quality framework of the Patos Lagoon estuary, currently underway. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:445-454. © 2020 SETAC.
K David Pijawka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Social and political amplification of Technological Hazards. The case of the PEPCON explosion.
Journal of hazardous materials, 2004Co-Authors: Olurominiyi O Ibitayo, Alvin Mushkatel, K David PijawkaAbstract:Using an industrial explosion in Henderson, Nevada, as a case study, this paper examines three main issues: the efficacy of a Technological Hazard event in amplifying otherwise latent issues, the extent to which the Hazard event can serve as a focusing event for substantive local and state policy initiatives, and the effect of fragmentation of political authority in managing Technological Hazards. The findings indicate that the explosion amplified several public safety issues and galvanized the public into pressing for major policy initiatives. However, notwithstanding the amplification of several otherwise latent issues, and the flurry of activities by the state and local governments, the Hazard event did not seem to be an effective focusing event or trigger mechanism for substantive state and local policy initiatives. In addition, the study provides evidence of the need for a stronger nexus between political authority, land-use planning and Technological Hazard management.
Mohammed Abune'meh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Construction Site Layout Optimization, Considering Risk of Natural or Technological Hazard Utilizing GIS
2017Co-Authors: Mohammed Abune'mehAbstract:Construction sites contain several supporting facilities that are required to complete construction activities. These facilities are susceptible to damage due to the occurrence of natural or Technological Hazards such as fire, explosion, blast wave, and so on. These may cause adverse consequences for the whole construction process, which in turn lead to fatal accidents that have a major impact on worker and employee productivity, project completion time, project quality and project budget. Therefore, project planners must adopt and develop innovative approaches able to face the occurrence of potential Hazards, minimize their consequences, and facilitate the evacuation of the site in case of their occurrence. One of these approaches is optimizing construction site layout. In general, generating construction site layout able minimizing risk resulting from natural or Technological Hazards is still a scientific challenge.In the present research, two proposed model (deterministic and probabilistic) are developed to minimize the risks within a construction site. The common methodology adopted to develop these two models consists of:•Modeling construction site components, for instance; electric generator, offices and material storages, in a 2D layout, to act as either Hazardous source or potential target or both at the same time.•Modeling Hazard: it shows the Hazard interaction among site components and the attenuation of Hazard.•Modeling vulnerability: it represents the potential weakness of whole targets to the Hazard generated from each source.•Defining the utility function: it aims to afford an optimized site layout with minimum total risk in the construction site. The differential evolution algorithm is adopted to run optimization process.Particularly, in the deterministic model, we use space syntax principle in order to realize the impact of space configurations in evaluating the risk in the construction site. Therefore, as the evacuation process is considered in estimating the risk, the actual risk is amplified by utilizing penalty factor called mean depth. Furthermore, Dijkstra’s algorithm is run on deterministic model to find the safest paths (least risk paths) for evacuating sites from any position on the construction site towards the safe places in order to diminish losses and fatalities. On the other hand, the framework utilized to develop a probabilistic model assumed that the risk is combined of the individual failure of each facility within a construction site. Moreover, the numerical simulation is performed to find the probabilistic distribution of failure for the whole site.Geographic information system (GIS) capabilities were exploited, in this research, to present data in maps format, generate the spatial risk map in the construction site, and implement the Dijkstra’s algorithm and least-cost path analysis.For illustration purposes, the proposed models are employed in a case study consisting of several facilities. In the deterministic model, all of these facilities act as Hazardous sources and potential targets, at the same time, while, in a probabilistic model, only three of these facilities act as fire Hazardous sources, whereas, all of them are potential targets. The results revealed that the proposed models are efficient due to their capability of generating site layout with the safer work environment. In addition, the model is capable of highlighting the riskiest areas within a construction site. Moreover, the proposed models are able to generate paths through least-risk zones, which will minimize the serious injuries and victims in cases of emergencies
Mohammed Abunemeh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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developing optimal paths for evacuating risky construction sites
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management-asce, 2018Co-Authors: El R Meouche, Mohammed Abunemeh, I Hijaze, Ahmed Mebarki, Isam ShahrourAbstract:AbstractConstruction sites are susceptible to damage due to the occurrence of natural and Technological Hazard events such as fire and thermal flux. Therefore, project planners must adopt innovativ...
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Hazards, Vulnerability and Interactions at Construction Sites: spatial risk mapping
Journal of Information Technology in Construction (ITcon) Special Issue Architectural informatics, 2017Co-Authors: Mohammed Abunemeh, Rani El Meouche, Ihab Hijazi, Ahmed Mebarki, Isam SharourAbstract:Construction sites contain several supporting facilities that are required to perform construction activities. These facilities may be exposed to several Hazards. This may lead to adverse consequences for the whole construction process, which in turn lead to fatal accidents that have a major impact on worker and employee productivity, project completion time, project quality and project budget. This paper proposes a framework to visualize spatial variability of a construction site's risk, generated by natural or Technological Hazard, through using Hazard and vulnerability interaction matrices, between potential sources and potential surrounding targets. The proposed framework depends on using analytical hierarchy process (AHP), the potential global impact of facilities obtained from the interaction matrices, and the capabilities of GIS to generate results in the mapping form. The methodology is implemented in a real case project. The results show the capability of framework to visualize construction site risks due to natural or Technological Hazard, and also identify the most at risk position within a construction site.
