The Experts below are selected from a list of 6 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Maurice Moulins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Structural and functional characterization of a muscle Tendon proprioceptor in lobster.
The Journal of comparative neurology, 1995Co-Authors: Denis Combes, John Simmers, Maurice MoulinsAbstract:A morphological and electrophysiological study was made on a unique primary mechanosensory neuron, the anterior gastric Receptor (AGR), previously shown to arise from powerstroke muscle gm1 of the gastric mill system in the lobster foregut. Ultrastructural analysis of horseradish peroxidase injected AGR demonstrated that its peripheral dendrites do not ramify in muscle but are confined strictly to the connective tissue/epidermal interface in the Tendon of gm1. These terminals are rich in mitochondria and at their very endings are free of glial cell wrapping, suggesting that they are the site at which mechanotransduction occurs. Extracellular axonal recordings from an in vitro neuromuscular preparation consisting of the gm1 muscle still attached to the stomatogastric nervous system, revealed that AGR is activated by passive stretch of gm1. The response to ramp stimuli displays dynamic and static components, both of which increase with the amplitude of applied stretch, while the dynamic component is also velocity sensitive. AGR is also activated by muscle contraction here elicited either by application of exogenous acetyicholine, the excitatory neurotransmitter for gm 1, or by electrical stimulation of the motoneurons (GM) themselves. Consistent with a Receptor lying in-series with its muscle, therefore, the effective stimulus of AGR in vivo is probably an increase in tension exerted on the Tendon during active muscle contraction. In neuromuscular preparations including the bilateral commissural ganglia, stretching gm1 reflexly activates GM motoneurons at low stimulus strengths but leads to an inactivation of GM motoneurons at high stimulus strengths. This is consistent with earlier findings that both responses can be elicited by direct electrical stimulation of AGR. The functional implications of AGR's anatomical relationship with muscle gm 1, the Receptor's response properties, and its central effeet8 on motor output to gm1 are discussed. Comparison is also drawn between this first reported example of a true Tendon Receptor in invertebrates and muscle Receptors of vertebrates. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Denis Combes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Structural and functional characterization of a muscle Tendon proprioceptor in lobster.
The Journal of comparative neurology, 1995Co-Authors: Denis Combes, John Simmers, Maurice MoulinsAbstract:A morphological and electrophysiological study was made on a unique primary mechanosensory neuron, the anterior gastric Receptor (AGR), previously shown to arise from powerstroke muscle gm1 of the gastric mill system in the lobster foregut. Ultrastructural analysis of horseradish peroxidase injected AGR demonstrated that its peripheral dendrites do not ramify in muscle but are confined strictly to the connective tissue/epidermal interface in the Tendon of gm1. These terminals are rich in mitochondria and at their very endings are free of glial cell wrapping, suggesting that they are the site at which mechanotransduction occurs. Extracellular axonal recordings from an in vitro neuromuscular preparation consisting of the gm1 muscle still attached to the stomatogastric nervous system, revealed that AGR is activated by passive stretch of gm1. The response to ramp stimuli displays dynamic and static components, both of which increase with the amplitude of applied stretch, while the dynamic component is also velocity sensitive. AGR is also activated by muscle contraction here elicited either by application of exogenous acetyicholine, the excitatory neurotransmitter for gm 1, or by electrical stimulation of the motoneurons (GM) themselves. Consistent with a Receptor lying in-series with its muscle, therefore, the effective stimulus of AGR in vivo is probably an increase in tension exerted on the Tendon during active muscle contraction. In neuromuscular preparations including the bilateral commissural ganglia, stretching gm1 reflexly activates GM motoneurons at low stimulus strengths but leads to an inactivation of GM motoneurons at high stimulus strengths. This is consistent with earlier findings that both responses can be elicited by direct electrical stimulation of AGR. The functional implications of AGR's anatomical relationship with muscle gm 1, the Receptor's response properties, and its central effeet8 on motor output to gm1 are discussed. Comparison is also drawn between this first reported example of a true Tendon Receptor in invertebrates and muscle Receptors of vertebrates. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
John Simmers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Structural and functional characterization of a muscle Tendon proprioceptor in lobster.
The Journal of comparative neurology, 1995Co-Authors: Denis Combes, John Simmers, Maurice MoulinsAbstract:A morphological and electrophysiological study was made on a unique primary mechanosensory neuron, the anterior gastric Receptor (AGR), previously shown to arise from powerstroke muscle gm1 of the gastric mill system in the lobster foregut. Ultrastructural analysis of horseradish peroxidase injected AGR demonstrated that its peripheral dendrites do not ramify in muscle but are confined strictly to the connective tissue/epidermal interface in the Tendon of gm1. These terminals are rich in mitochondria and at their very endings are free of glial cell wrapping, suggesting that they are the site at which mechanotransduction occurs. Extracellular axonal recordings from an in vitro neuromuscular preparation consisting of the gm1 muscle still attached to the stomatogastric nervous system, revealed that AGR is activated by passive stretch of gm1. The response to ramp stimuli displays dynamic and static components, both of which increase with the amplitude of applied stretch, while the dynamic component is also velocity sensitive. AGR is also activated by muscle contraction here elicited either by application of exogenous acetyicholine, the excitatory neurotransmitter for gm 1, or by electrical stimulation of the motoneurons (GM) themselves. Consistent with a Receptor lying in-series with its muscle, therefore, the effective stimulus of AGR in vivo is probably an increase in tension exerted on the Tendon during active muscle contraction. In neuromuscular preparations including the bilateral commissural ganglia, stretching gm1 reflexly activates GM motoneurons at low stimulus strengths but leads to an inactivation of GM motoneurons at high stimulus strengths. This is consistent with earlier findings that both responses can be elicited by direct electrical stimulation of AGR. The functional implications of AGR's anatomical relationship with muscle gm 1, the Receptor's response properties, and its central effeet8 on motor output to gm1 are discussed. Comparison is also drawn between this first reported example of a true Tendon Receptor in invertebrates and muscle Receptors of vertebrates. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Elisabetta Falcieri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Different Exercise Intensities on the Myotendinous Junction Plasticity.
PloS one, 2016Co-Authors: Davide Curzi, Stefano Sartini, Michele Guescini, Davide Lattanzi, Michael Di Palma, Patrizia Ambrogini, David Savelli, Vilberto Stocchi, Riccardo Cuppini, Elisabetta FalcieriAbstract:Myotendinous junctions (MTJs) are anatomical regions specialized in transmission of contractile strength from muscle to Tendon and, for this reason, a common site where acute injuries occur during sport activities. In this work we investigated the influence of exercise intensity on MTJ plasticity, as well as on the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and their Receptors in muscle and Tendon. Three groups of rats were analyzed: control (CTRL), slow-runner (RUN-S) and fast-runner (RUN-F) trained using a treadmill. Ultrastructural and morphometric analyses of distal MTJs from extensor digitorum longus muscles have been performed. Contractile strength and hypertrophy were investigated by using in vivo tension recordings and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) analysis, respectively. mRNA levels of PGC-1α, vinculin, IGF-1Ea and TGF-β have been quantified in muscle belly, while IGF-1Ea, TGF-β and their Receptors in Tendon. Morphometry revealed an increased MTJ complexity and interaction surface between tissues in trained rats according to training intensity. CSA analysis excluded hypertrophy among groups, while muscle strength was found significantly enhanced in exercised rats in comparison to controls. In muscle tissue, we highlighted an increased mRNA expression of PGC-1α and vinculin in both trained conditions and of TGF-β in RUN-F. In Tendon, we mainly noted an enhancement of TGF-β mRNA expression only in RUN-F group and a raise of Betaglycan Tendon Receptor mRNA levels proportional to exercise intensity. In conclusion, MTJ plasticity appears to be related to exercise intensity and molecular analysis suggests a major role played by TGF-β.
Davide Curzi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Different Exercise Intensities on the Myotendinous Junction Plasticity.
PloS one, 2016Co-Authors: Davide Curzi, Stefano Sartini, Michele Guescini, Davide Lattanzi, Michael Di Palma, Patrizia Ambrogini, David Savelli, Vilberto Stocchi, Riccardo Cuppini, Elisabetta FalcieriAbstract:Myotendinous junctions (MTJs) are anatomical regions specialized in transmission of contractile strength from muscle to Tendon and, for this reason, a common site where acute injuries occur during sport activities. In this work we investigated the influence of exercise intensity on MTJ plasticity, as well as on the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and their Receptors in muscle and Tendon. Three groups of rats were analyzed: control (CTRL), slow-runner (RUN-S) and fast-runner (RUN-F) trained using a treadmill. Ultrastructural and morphometric analyses of distal MTJs from extensor digitorum longus muscles have been performed. Contractile strength and hypertrophy were investigated by using in vivo tension recordings and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) analysis, respectively. mRNA levels of PGC-1α, vinculin, IGF-1Ea and TGF-β have been quantified in muscle belly, while IGF-1Ea, TGF-β and their Receptors in Tendon. Morphometry revealed an increased MTJ complexity and interaction surface between tissues in trained rats according to training intensity. CSA analysis excluded hypertrophy among groups, while muscle strength was found significantly enhanced in exercised rats in comparison to controls. In muscle tissue, we highlighted an increased mRNA expression of PGC-1α and vinculin in both trained conditions and of TGF-β in RUN-F. In Tendon, we mainly noted an enhancement of TGF-β mRNA expression only in RUN-F group and a raise of Betaglycan Tendon Receptor mRNA levels proportional to exercise intensity. In conclusion, MTJ plasticity appears to be related to exercise intensity and molecular analysis suggests a major role played by TGF-β.
