The Experts below are selected from a list of 135 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

K. V. Kirschhofer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Do the Tensor Tympani and Tensor veli palatini Muscles of man form a functional unit? A histochemical investigation of their putative connections.
    Hearing Research, 2002
    Co-Authors: A.c. Kierner, R. Mayer, K. V. Kirschhofer
    Abstract:

    Abstract The discussion among anatomists and otolaryngologists about the Muscles originating from the Eustachian tube and the connections between the Tensor Tympani and Tensor veli palatini Muscles started in the 1860s. From then on, a considerable number of contradictory hypotheses and data have been presented. However, before discussing whether or not these two Muscles form a functional unit, interest should focus on the question of whether it is even possible. The cartilaginous portion of the Eustachian tube with all Muscles originating from it, including the whole Tensor Tympani Muscle, was dissected from five perfusion-fixed cadavers and removed in toto. Complete longitudinal serial sections of 10 μm were made in the axis of the Tensor Tympani Muscle. Sections were alternatingly stained according to Cason’s and Maskar’s techniques. The macroscopic aspect (under the operating microscope) of a tendinous connection between the two Muscles under consideration could be proven by the histochemical methods used in all cases. Based on our findings and the literature reviewed we are convinced that the Tensor Tympani and Tensor veli palatini Muscles of man constitute a functional unit. This represents an important step forward towards the understanding of the possible functions the Tensor Tympani Muscle serve in man.

Clara Matesz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Muscles of the Middle Ear
    Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology, 1993
    Co-Authors: George Székely, Clara Matesz
    Abstract:

    Middle ear Muscles insert on the auditory ossicles. Nonmammalian tetrapods possess a single auditory ossicle, the columella. It is the derivative of the upper end of the hyoid arch and extends between the skin (Tympanic membrane) and the perilymphatic cistern. In sauropsidia, a portion of the depressor man-dibulae primordium is detached and forms the extracolumellaris Muscle. It is innervated by the facial nerve and stretches the Tympanic membrane. In mammals there are two Muscles: the Tensor Tympani Muscle innervated by the trigeminal nerve and the stapedius Muscle supplied by the facial nerve. They have a very complex function in hearing by acting upon the ossicular chain. The stapedius is regarded as a homologue of the extracolumellaris Muscle (Starck 1979).

Randolf Riemann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Neurochemistry of identified motoneurons of the Tensor Tympani Muscle in rat middle ear.
    Hearing research, 2008
    Co-Authors: Stefan Reuss, Inna Kühn, Reinhard Windoffer, Randolf Riemann
    Abstract:

    The objective of the present study was to identify efferent and afferent transmitters of motoneurons of the Tensor Tympani Muscle (MoTTM) to gain more insight into the neuronal regulation of the Muscle. To identify MoTTM, we injected the fluorescent neuronal tracer Fluoro-Gold (FG) into the Muscle after preparation of the middle ear in adult rats. Upon terminal uptake and retrograde neuronal transport, we observed FG in neurons located lateral and ventrolateral to the motor trigeminal nucleus ipsilateral to the injection site. Immunohistochemical studies of these motoneurons showed that apparently all contained choline acetyltransferase, demonstrating their motoneuronal character. Different portions of these cell bodies were immunoreactive to bombesin (33%), cholecystokinin (37%), endorphin (100%), leu-enkephalin (25%) or neuronal nitric oxide synthase (32%). MoTTM containing calcitonin gene-related peptide, tyrosine hydroxylase, substance P, neuropeptide Y or serotonin were not found. While calcitonin gene-related peptide was not detected in the region under study, nerve fibers immunoreactive to tyrosine hydroxylase, substance P, neuropeptide Y or serotonin were observed in close spatial relationship to MoTTM, suggesting that these neurons are under aminergic and neuropeptidergic influence. Our results demonstrating the neurochemistry of motoneuron input and output of the rat Tensor tympany Muscle may prove useful also for the general understanding of motoneuron function and regulation.

Barry E. Hirsch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Palatal botulinum toxin as a novel therapy for objective tinnitus in forced eyelid closure syndrome.
    The Laryngoscope, 2016
    Co-Authors: Thomas M. Kaffenberger, Rajarsi Mandal, Barry M. Schaitkin, Barry E. Hirsch
    Abstract:

    Objective tinnitus associated with eyelid closure is a rare clinical entity with only a few reported cases. This association previously was identified as forced eyelid closure syndrome (FECS) and involves an aberrant neural reflex between cranial nerve VII (activating the orbicularis oculi Muscle) and cranial nerve V (activating the Tensor Tympani Muscle). We present a 52-year-old Caucasian female with a 2-month history of FECS who was successfully treated with intrapalatal botulinum toxin, with full resolution of her objective tinnitus symptoms. This is the first reported use of botulinum toxin in FECS. Laryngoscope, 127:1199-1201, 2017.

Thomas J. Balkany - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Adjunctive tenotomy during middle ear surgery.
    The Laryngoscope, 2013
    Co-Authors: Ariel B. Grobman, Lawrence R. Grobman, Thomas J. Balkany
    Abstract:

    INTRODUCTION We describe indications and surgical technique for dividing the stapedius and Tensor Tympani tendons during middle ear surgery. Middle ear Muscle reflexes involve contraction of the Tensor Tympani Muscle (TTM) and stapedius Muscle (SM) to increase impedance of the middle ear, and may shield the inner ear from loud, continuous nonimpact noise. Sectioning SM and TTM tendons has been advocated for a number of conditions, including improving access to anterior epiTympanic (supratubal) recess, releasing a medialized malleus during tympanoplasty and ossiculoplasty, Tensor or stapedial myoclonus, reflexive vertigo, and Meniere disease.