The Experts below are selected from a list of 2514 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Richard S. Blackburn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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John Mercer FRS, FCS, MPhS, JP: the Father of Textile Chemistry
Coloration Technology, 2019Co-Authors: Ian Holme, Richard S. BlackburnAbstract:John Mercer (1791–1866) was a pioneering Textile and colour chemist with a legacy of achievements. His invention of mercerising that bears his name, treating cellulosics with sodium hydroxide to bring about advantageous changes in fibre and fabric properties, will stand for all time as one of the most important Textile chemical treatments ever developed. However, Mercer's contributions to the Textiles and coloration industries went far beyond mercerisation. A self‐taught chemical experimentalist par excellence, his keen observations and interest in calico printing led to many novel developments, such as his work on Chrome Yellow and other ‘mineral colours’. Mercer developed new methods for fixing Prussian Blue on calico and wool, developed new mordants for dyeing, improved the extraction of carminic acid from cochineal, and improved the oiling process in Turkey Red dyeing. He saved lives with his research into early antimicrobials, preventing the spread of cholera in Textile villages in Lancashire. Mercer was an unsung hero of early photography, and developed light‐sensitive imaging materials and made some of the earliest recorded monochromatic colour photographs. His forward‐looking views on technical education, that workers in the industry should be fully instructed in the nature of the various substances used in their arts, later came to fruition in the establishment of the Textile departments in Manchester, Leeds and Glasgow. To this day, Mercer remains the only Textile chemist who has ever been elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society since 1852. He is thus quite rightly considered as the Father of Textile Chemistry.
Daniela Enescu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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use of chitosan in surface modification of Textile materials
2008Co-Authors: Daniela EnescuAbstract:Textiles have long undergone surface modification to improve their softness, dyeability, absorbance, and wettability. Recent advances in Textile Chemistry have also approached Textile surface modification to impart antimicrobial activity, decreased skin irritation, and even enhancing fragrance. Chitosan is an effective natural antimicrobial agent derived from Chitin, a major component in crustacean shells. Chitosan applied to Textiles has been widely studied for effects such as shrink resistance, improved dye uptake, and as auxiliary or anti-static agents, etc., because of the low toxicity and good biocompatibility of this natural polymer. Coatings of Chitosan on conventional fibres appear to be the more realistic prospect since, they do not provoke an immunological response. In this article, I summarize some of the most recent development in surface modification of Textile using chitosan
Patil, Namrata Vinay - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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‘GREEN’ FINISHING FOR CELLULOSE AND PROTEIN-BASED FIBERS AND FABRICS
2019Co-Authors: Patil, Namrata VinayAbstract:228 pagesMost apparel and Textile products undergo various finishing treatments to attain aesthetic and functional properties. In many cases toxic chemicals are used in these finishing treatments. For example, formaldehyde-based chemical agents have been commonly used to treat cotton fabrics to attain ‘easy-care’ properties. Similarly, fluorine-based chemicals are used to attain self-cleaning or superhydrophobic fabrics. Formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde are used to crosslink keratin-based fibers such as wool and hair to improve their mechanical properties or to attain durable hair styling effects. Environmental issues and consumer awareness about synthetics have promoted the use of natural fibers to manufacture products that have improved environmental profiles. Consumer awareness and concerns about the use of formaldehyde, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), glutaraldehyde and glyoxal, commonly used finishing agents for natural fabrics such as cotton and wool have prompted manufacturers to find greener and sustainable solutions. These chemicals are not only toxic but are known to bioaccumulate in nature for long time and can find their way into human body through direct skin contact and water. This research highlights the current Textile Chemistry that goes into finishing the fabrics. It also states some of the greener alternatives developed so far. The main aims of this research, however, are to develop sustainable and ‘green’ Chemistry-based solutions for creating wrinkle-free cotton fabrics, superhydrophobic cotton fabrics and for crosslinking of wool fibers to increase their strength as well as for stabilizing and shaping of human hair. The research was also focused on developing such finishing processes using inexpensive, readily available and renewable (mostly plant based) raw materials and in many cases, wastes or by-products generated in food processing. Sucrose and cyclodextrin-based multifunctional carboxylic acid were synthesized as ‘green’ crosslinkers for crosslinking cellulose, separately, to create wrinkle-free cotton fabrics. A green process of covalently bonding multi-shaped silica particles synthesized from tetra ethyl ortho silicate (TEOS) and fatty acid grafting was developed to create superhydrophobic cotton fabrics. Sucrose and soy flour sugar based crosslinkers were developed to enhance the strength of the wool fibers to enhance its ability to be spun into finer yarns as well as to reduce breakage during spinning and weaving and, thus, reducing the defects in both yarns and fabrics. The effects and durability of these chemical treatments on the fabrics were characterized. Sugar-based crosslinker was developed to treat human hair for creating internal crosslinks for hair-styling and stability that was durable to high humidity environment as well as shampoo washings
Fadhilah Shobirin Al - Jahid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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PENYEMPURNAAN ELEMEN KURIKULUM KIMIA PADA SMK KOMPETENSI KEAHLIAN KIMIA TEKSTIL DALAM MEMBANGUN MERDEKA BELAJAR
2020Co-Authors: Fadhilah Shobirin Al - JahidAbstract:ABSTRAK Penelitian ini didasarkan belum terintegrasinya elemen kurikulum dalam mata pelajaran kimia terhadap konteks kejuruan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyempurnakan elemen kurikulum kimia yang relevan dengan kebutuhan SMK kompetensi keahlian kimia tekstil. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian dan pengembangan atau Research and Development (R&D) yang dimodifikasi sehingga terdiri atas 3 tahap yaitu tahap perencanaan, tahap pengembangan, dan tahap validasi. Partisipan pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 ahli pendidikan kimia, 3 guru kimia SMK, dan 4 guru SMK Kompetensi Keahlian Kimia Tekstil yang berperan sebagai validator. Instrumen penelitian ini berupa format validasi kompetensi dasar, konten, dimensi pengetahuan dan desain merdeka belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi dasar kimia yang relevan dengan kebutuhan SMK Kompetensi Keahlian Kimia Tekstil meliputi kemampuan menjelaskan, mengklasifikasi, mengidentifikasi, menganalisis dan melakukan kerja terkait bahan kimia penyusun bahan-bahan tekstil, zat kimia pewarna tekstil, zat kimia pembantu penyempurnaan khusus tekstil, larutan kimia untuk pengujian kimia bahan tekstil dan larutan kimia untuk proses persiapan kimia tekstil. Konten kimia yang relevan dengan kebutuhan kompetensi keahlian kimia tekstil terdiri dari bahan kimia penyusun bahan tekstil (3%), bahan kimia penyusun serat tekstil (3%), bahan kimia penyusun benang tekstil (3%), bahan kimia penyusun kain rajut dan kain tenun (3%), larutan kimia penghilangan kanji (3%), bahan kimia penyusun kain tekstil (11%), zat kimia pengelantang (3%), larutan kimia pemerseran kain (3%), larutan kimia pengurangan berat kain (3%), zat kimia pewarna tekstil (50%), zat kimia perintang dan perusak warna tekstil (6%), dan zat kimia penyempurnaan khusus tekstil (9%). Dimensi pengetahuan faktual, konseptual, prosedural dan metakognitif diorientasikan pada sifat fisis dan kimia bahan-bahan kimia yang digunakan pada kimia tekstil. Desain merdeka belajar difokuskan pada variasi pengalaman belajar belajar berkenaan dengan suasana belajar yang dapat diterapkan pada pembelajaran kimia, variasi strategi pembelajaran berisi variasi metode dan pendekatan yang dapat digunakan untuk menyampaikan konten kimia terintegrasi pada pembelajaran kimia, variasi tempat belajar di kelas, laboratorium, lapangan, maupun di rumah dan magang di industri berkenaan dengan konten kimia terintegrasi yang dapat diterapkan/dipakai sebagai dasar ilmu saat magang. ABSTRACT This research is based on the lack of integration of curriculum elements in Chemistry subjects in the vocational context. This study aims to perfect the elements of the Chemistry curriculum that are relevant to the needs of the vocational skills competency in Textile Chemistry. This research is a type of research and development or Research and Development (R&D) which is modified so that it consists of 3 stages, namely the planning stage, the development stage, and the validation stage. Participants in this study consisted of 2 Chemistry education experts, 3 vocational Chemistry teachers, and 4 Textile Chemistry skills vocational school teachers who acted as validators. The research instrument is a form of validation of basic competencies, content, dimensions of knowledge and independent learning design. The results showed that the basic chemical competencies that are relevant to the needs of the Textile Chemistry Competency Vocational School include the ability to explain, classify, identify, analyze and carry out work related to the chemical constituents of Textile materials, Textile dye chemicals, special Textile enhancement auxiliary chemicals, solutions chemicals for chemical testing of Textile materials and chemical solutions for Textile chemical preparation processes. Chemical content relevant to the needs of Textile chemical expertise consists of chemicals that makeup Textile materials (3%), chemicals that makeup Textile fibers (3%), chemicals that makeup Textile yarns (3%), chemicals that makeup knitting fabrics and woven fabrics. (3%), starch removal chemical solutions (3%), chemicals makingup Textile fabrics (11%), bleaching chemicals (3%), chemical diluting solutions (3%), chemical solutions to reduce fabric weight (3%) , Textile dye chemicals (50%), Textile coloring agents and dyes (6%), and Textile specialty enhancement chemicals (9%). The dimensions of factual, conceptual, procedural and metacognitive knowledge are oriented to the physical and chemical properties of the chemicals used in Textile Chemistry. The independent learning design is focused on a variety of learning experiences with regard to the learning atmosphere that can be applied to Chemistry learning, variations in learning strategies contain a variety of methods and approaches that can be used to convey integrated chemical content in Chemistry learning, variations in learning places in the classroom, laboratory, field, as well as at home and internships in the industry regarding integrated chemical content that can be applied / used as a basis for knowledge during an internship
Mubarak A. Khan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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An Overview on Surface Modification of Cotton Fiber for Apparel Use
Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 2013Co-Authors: M. Mahbubul Bashar, Mubarak A. KhanAbstract:About 48 % cotton fiber is consumed as clothing materials all over the globe. It is popular for softness, versatility, absorbance and breathability. Cotton is hydrophilic in nature and therefore, it can absorb sweat from the human body and can release in the surface that makes it comfortable. But it has some inherent limitations such as wrinkle, shrinkage, low dye uptake and microbial degradation. Various approaches have been made to overcome the above limitations. Surface modification of Textiles to impart antimicrobial activity, shrinkage, wrinkle resistance, decreased skin irritation, increase dye exhaustion and even enhancing fragrance is the most recent trends in Textile Chemistry. Various monomers, polymers and biopolymers are applied in different ways to improve different properties of cotton. Chitosan is the mostly used biopolymer in this regard for its biocompatibility, biodegradability, nontoxicity and antimicrobial activity. This paper is a short overview of the most recent development in surface modification of cotton using biopolymers such as chitosan, starch and its derivatives and some other synthetic monomers and polymers.