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D. Jalč - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of microbial oil, monensin and fumarate on rumen fermentation in artificial rumen
Czech Journal of Animal Science, 2011Co-Authors: D. Jalč, Milan ČertíkAbstract:The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of microbial oil on rumen fermentation of a diet composed of 60% hay and 40% barley in an artificial rumen (Rusitec). Microbial oil (MO) was produced by the fungus Thamnidium elegans. This fungus grew on the wheat bran/spent malt grains (3:1) mixture. The fatty acid composition of microbial oil was as follows: 0.7% C<sub>14:0</sub>, 15.4% C<sub>16:0</sub>, 10.1% C<sub>18:0</sub>, 50.9% C<sub>18:1</sub>, 13.9% C<sub>18:2</sub> and 8.4% C<sub>18:3</sub> (GLA, γ-linolenic acid). The effect of monensin MON (66 ppm) and fumarate FUM (6.25 mmol) with and without MO supplementation was also studied. The experiment in Rusitec lasted 11 days. After a stabilization period (5 days), MO was added to fermentation vessel V<sub>2</sub> (6 days), MON to fermentation vessel V<sub>3</sub> (6 days) and FUM to fermentation vessel V<sub>4 </sub>(6 days). MO was also added to V<sub>3</sub> and V<sub>4</sub> on the last day together with MON (V<sub>3</sub>) and FUM (V<sub>4</sub>). The fermentation vessel V<sub>1 </sub>served as control (without additives). The results showed that MO reduced (P < 0.05) mol% acetate and increased (P < 0.05) mol% propionate and n-butyrate. Methane production (mmol/day) was reduced numerically (NS). The efficiency of microbial synthesis (EMS) was also reduced numerically and nitrogen incorporated by the microflora (N<sub>M</sub>) was reduced significantly in MO supplementation. There were no differences in the rumen fermentation when MO was applied together with MON and FUM compared to the vessel where only MO was applied. No additive effect was observed in the relationship MO-ionophore or MO-FUM. Monensin and fumarate applied separately showed their typical effects on rumen fermentation in vitro.
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effects of prefermented cereal derived substrates ground barley and rye bran enriched with fungal γ linolenic acid on rumen fermentation parameters and lipid metabolism in vitro
Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2011Co-Authors: T Laho, K Mihalikova, Zora Varadyova, S. Kišidayová, Zuzana Adamechova, Milan Čertík, D. JalčAbstract:Aims: To increase rumen output of γ-linolenic acid (GLA), we used two cereal-derived substrates, ground barley (GB) and rye bran (RB), enriched with fungal GLA as components of feed rations. We examined their effects on rumen fermentation patterns, lipid metabolism and the ciliated protozoan population in an artificial rumen. Methods and Results: Four diets consisting of meadow hay (MH) plus unfermented (GB or RB) or prefermented (GB − TE or RB − TE) cereal-derived substrates were fermented in an artificial rumen with ovine rumen inoculum. The cereal-derived substrates were prefermented with the fungus Thamnidium elegans (TE) by fungal solid-state fermentation. The diets with TE increased the rumen input of dietary GLA (mg day−1) from 0 to 21 (GB − TE) or 26 (RB − TE). Both experimental diets increased the rumen output of GLA (P < 0·001). Adverse effects on the ciliate population were observed. Both diets also had an effect on the fatty acids profile. Fermentation patterns were also affected with MH + RB − TE. Conclusion: Cereal-derived substrates enriched with GLA effectively enhanced the output of GLA in artificial rumen. Significance and Impact of the Study: The ability of the fungal strain T. elegans to grow and utilize various agro-industrial substrates might be useful in developing potential new animal diets enriched in GLA.
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Prefermented cereals containing fungal gamma-linolenic acid and their effect on rumen metabolism in vitro
Czech Journal of Animal Science, 2011Co-Authors: T Laho, K Mihalikova, Zora Varadyova, S. Kišidayová, Zuzana Adamechova, Milan Čertík, D. JalčAbstract:The application of Thamnidium elegans fungal strain CCF 1456 (TE) for effective utilization of various agroindustrial materials creates new perspectives for animal cereal diets enriched with microbial γ-linolenic acid (GLA). Diets consisting of lucerne hay (LH) plus prefermented cereals (wheat bran/spent malt grains, WB+TE or WB+TE enriched with sunflower oil, WB+SO+TE in the first experiment and ground maize grains, GC+TE in the second experiment) were used in the artificial rumen. We examined their effect on the rumen fermentation pattern and lipid metabolism. The diet affected the results of degradability of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre of LH+WB diets (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). The GLA daily output of prefermented diet substrates LH+WB+TE and LH+WB+SO+TE, or LH+GC+TE was higher compared to the non-prefermented LH+WB or LH+GC, respectively (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). Daily outputs of trans11 oleic (TVA) of the LH+GC+TE diet were higher versus the non-prefermented LH+GC (P < 0.01). The biohydrogenation of fatty acids (C18:1 cis9 oleic, C18:2 linoleic, C18:3n-3 alpha-linolenic, C18:3n-6 GLA and total FA) of prefermented cereal diets was not influenced. Cereal diets containing microbial GLA might positively enhance GLA daily outputs in the RUSITEC effluent, but they are not effective enough to decrease the biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids.
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Effects of prefermented cereal-derived substrates (ground barley and rye bran) enriched with fungal γ-linolenic acid on rumen fermentation parameters and lipid metabolism in vitro.
Journal of applied microbiology, 2011Co-Authors: T Laho, K Mihalikova, Zora Varadyova, S. Kišidayová, Zuzana Adamechova, Milan Čertík, D. JalčAbstract:Aims: To increase rumen output of γ-linolenic acid (GLA), we used two cereal-derived substrates, ground barley (GB) and rye bran (RB), enriched with fungal GLA as components of feed rations. We examined their effects on rumen fermentation patterns, lipid metabolism and the ciliated protozoan population in an artificial rumen. Methods and Results: Four diets consisting of meadow hay (MH) plus unfermented (GB or RB) or prefermented (GB − TE or RB − TE) cereal-derived substrates were fermented in an artificial rumen with ovine rumen inoculum. The cereal-derived substrates were prefermented with the fungus Thamnidium elegans (TE) by fungal solid-state fermentation. The diets with TE increased the rumen input of dietary GLA (mg day−1) from 0 to 21 (GB − TE) or 26 (RB − TE). Both experimental diets increased the rumen output of GLA (P
Milan Čertík - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Biosynthesis of Essential Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Wheat Triggered by Expression of Artificial Gene
International journal of molecular sciences, 2015Co-Authors: D. Mihálik, Milan Čertík, M. Gubišová, T. Klempová, K. Ondreičková, M. Hudcovicová, L. Klčová, János Pauk, Ján KraicAbstract:The artificial gene D6D encoding the enzyme ∆6desaturase was designed and synthesized using the sequence of the same gene from the fungus Thamnidium elegans. The original start codon was replaced by the signal sequence derived from the wheat gene for high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit and the codon usage was completely changed for optimal expression in wheat. Synthesized artificial D6D gene was delivered into plants of the spring wheat line CY-45 and the gene itself, as well as transcribed D6D mRNA were confirmed in plants of T0 and T1 generations. The desired product of the wheat genetic modification by artificial D6D gene was the γ-linolenic acid. Its presence was confirmed in mature grains of transgenic wheat plants in the amount 0.04%–0.32% (v/v) of the total amount of fatty acids. Both newly synthesized γ-linolenic acid and stearidonic acid have been detected also in leaves, stems, roots, awns, paleas, rachillas, and immature grains of the T1 generation as well as in immature and mature grains of the T2 generation. Contents of γ-linolenic acid and stearidonic acid varied in range 0%–1.40% (v/v) and 0%–1.53% (v/v) from the total amount of fatty acids, respectively. This approach has opened the pathway of desaturation of fatty acids and production of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids in wheat.
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Effect of adding prefermented cereal product containing gamma-linolenic acid to broiler feed on production indicators and fatty acid profile of chicken breast
Acta Veterinaria Brno, 2014Co-Authors: Martin Bača, Milan Čertík, T. Klempová, Slavomír Marcinčák, Peter Popelka, Dana Marcinčáková, Lucia Guothová, Ladislav Molnár, Iveta MaskaľováAbstract:Administration of Thamnidium elegans for effective utilization of agroindustrial materials (wheat bran) creates new perspectives for animal cereal diet enriched with fungal γ-linolenic acid (GLA). The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of adding prefermented cereal product containing a high amount of gamma-linolenic acid into the feed on broiler chickens’ performance, fatty acids profile and oxidative stability in chilled breast meat. Seventy eight COBB 500 oneday old broiler chicks were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups with three replications and fattened for 42 days. During the first 21 days, all broilers consumed the starter diet. After three weeks, broilers were fed the grower diet; controls were fed without the addition of prefermented cereal product; and the experimental group was supplemented with 3% of prefermented product. Higher final body weight (2 688 vs. 2 604 g) and feed conversion ratio were recorded in the experimental group (P > 0.05). The increased GLA content in the experimental diet (0.095 g·kg -1 ) resulted in a significant increase of GLA, dihomo-GLA and arachidonic acid in the lipids of breast muscle tissue (P < 0.05). Adding prefermented product to the feed also resulted in an increase in total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), mainly eicosapentaenoic and docosapentaenoic acid in lipids of breast (P < 0.05). The experimental diet produced a significant decrease in the n-6/n-3 ratio (from 10.00 to 8.14). Storage of breast muscles with a higher PUFA in chilling conditions led to a decrease in oxidative stability when the values of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) increased (P < 0.05). This is a first study using prefermented cereal product for the fattening of broiler chickens. Biotechnology, chicken, meat quality, PUFA, TBARS
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Transgenic barley producing essential polyunsaturated fatty acids
Biologia Plantarum, 2014Co-Authors: D. Mihálik, Milan Čertík, M. Gubišová, T. Klempová, K. Ondreičková, M. Hudcovicová, L. Klčová, J. Gubiš, I. Dokupilová, L. OhnoutkováAbstract:Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) affect diverse physiological processes and human health. Most cereals are poor in n-3 and n-6 PUFAs. Using biolistics, barley ( Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Golden Promise) was transformed with an artificial gene encoding Δ^6-desaturase (D6D) under an endosperm-specific promoter. This artificial gene was designed from the sequence of D6D of the filamentous fungus Thamnidium elegans , but codon usage was optimised for cereals. A signal sequence from the gene encoding for high molecular mass glutenin Dx5 was added to a destinate mature protein. Successful transformation was confirmed in T_0 plants at the genomic level and in T_1 seeds at the transcriptomic and metabolomic levels. Transformed plants produced up to 0.141 % of γ-linolenic acid (GLA) and 0.294 % of stearidonic acid (SDA) of the total amount of fatty acids in their grains. Although the content of these fatty acids was relatively low, the current study provides the first evidence that transgenic barley can be a source of GLA/SDA.
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Effect of adding prefermented cereal product containing gamma-linolenic acid to broiler feed on production indicators and fatty acid profile of chicken breast
University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, 2014Co-Authors: Martin Bača, Milan Čertík, T. Klempová, Slavomír Marcinčák, Peter Popelka, Dana Marcinčáková, Lucia Guothová, Ladislav Molnár, Iveta MaskaľováAbstract:Administration of Thamnidium elegans for effective utilization of agroindustrial materials (wheat bran) creates new perspectives for animal cereal diet enriched with fungal γ-linolenic acid (GLA). The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of adding prefermented cereal product containing a high amount of gamma-linolenic acid into the feed on broiler chickens’ performance, fatty acids profile and oxidative stability in chilled breast meat. Seventy eight COBB 500 one-day old broiler chicks were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups with three replications and fattened for 42 days. During the first 21 days, all broilers consumed the starter diet. After three weeks, broilers were fed the grower diet; controls were fed without the addition of prefermented cereal product; and the experimental group was supplemented with 3% of prefermented product. Higher final body weight (2 688 vs. 2 604 g) and feed conversion ratio were recorded in the experimental group (P > 0.05). The increased GLA content in the experimental diet (0.095 g·kg-1) resulted in a significant increase of GLA, dihomo-GLA and arachidonic acid in the lipids of breast muscle tissue (P P P < 0.05). This is a first study using prefermented cereal product for the fattening of broiler chickens
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Effect of microbial oil, monensin and fumarate on rumen fermentation in artificial rumen
Czech Journal of Animal Science, 2011Co-Authors: D. Jalč, Milan ČertíkAbstract:The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of microbial oil on rumen fermentation of a diet composed of 60% hay and 40% barley in an artificial rumen (Rusitec). Microbial oil (MO) was produced by the fungus Thamnidium elegans. This fungus grew on the wheat bran/spent malt grains (3:1) mixture. The fatty acid composition of microbial oil was as follows: 0.7% C<sub>14:0</sub>, 15.4% C<sub>16:0</sub>, 10.1% C<sub>18:0</sub>, 50.9% C<sub>18:1</sub>, 13.9% C<sub>18:2</sub> and 8.4% C<sub>18:3</sub> (GLA, γ-linolenic acid). The effect of monensin MON (66 ppm) and fumarate FUM (6.25 mmol) with and without MO supplementation was also studied. The experiment in Rusitec lasted 11 days. After a stabilization period (5 days), MO was added to fermentation vessel V<sub>2</sub> (6 days), MON to fermentation vessel V<sub>3</sub> (6 days) and FUM to fermentation vessel V<sub>4 </sub>(6 days). MO was also added to V<sub>3</sub> and V<sub>4</sub> on the last day together with MON (V<sub>3</sub>) and FUM (V<sub>4</sub>). The fermentation vessel V<sub>1 </sub>served as control (without additives). The results showed that MO reduced (P < 0.05) mol% acetate and increased (P < 0.05) mol% propionate and n-butyrate. Methane production (mmol/day) was reduced numerically (NS). The efficiency of microbial synthesis (EMS) was also reduced numerically and nitrogen incorporated by the microflora (N<sub>M</sub>) was reduced significantly in MO supplementation. There were no differences in the rumen fermentation when MO was applied together with MON and FUM compared to the vessel where only MO was applied. No additive effect was observed in the relationship MO-ionophore or MO-FUM. Monensin and fumarate applied separately showed their typical effects on rumen fermentation in vitro.
T Laho - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of prefermented cereal derived substrates ground barley and rye bran enriched with fungal γ linolenic acid on rumen fermentation parameters and lipid metabolism in vitro
Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2011Co-Authors: T Laho, K Mihalikova, Zora Varadyova, S. Kišidayová, Zuzana Adamechova, Milan Čertík, D. JalčAbstract:Aims: To increase rumen output of γ-linolenic acid (GLA), we used two cereal-derived substrates, ground barley (GB) and rye bran (RB), enriched with fungal GLA as components of feed rations. We examined their effects on rumen fermentation patterns, lipid metabolism and the ciliated protozoan population in an artificial rumen. Methods and Results: Four diets consisting of meadow hay (MH) plus unfermented (GB or RB) or prefermented (GB − TE or RB − TE) cereal-derived substrates were fermented in an artificial rumen with ovine rumen inoculum. The cereal-derived substrates were prefermented with the fungus Thamnidium elegans (TE) by fungal solid-state fermentation. The diets with TE increased the rumen input of dietary GLA (mg day−1) from 0 to 21 (GB − TE) or 26 (RB − TE). Both experimental diets increased the rumen output of GLA (P < 0·001). Adverse effects on the ciliate population were observed. Both diets also had an effect on the fatty acids profile. Fermentation patterns were also affected with MH + RB − TE. Conclusion: Cereal-derived substrates enriched with GLA effectively enhanced the output of GLA in artificial rumen. Significance and Impact of the Study: The ability of the fungal strain T. elegans to grow and utilize various agro-industrial substrates might be useful in developing potential new animal diets enriched in GLA.
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Prefermented cereals containing fungal gamma-linolenic acid and their effect on rumen metabolism in vitro
Czech Journal of Animal Science, 2011Co-Authors: T Laho, K Mihalikova, Zora Varadyova, S. Kišidayová, Zuzana Adamechova, Milan Čertík, D. JalčAbstract:The application of Thamnidium elegans fungal strain CCF 1456 (TE) for effective utilization of various agroindustrial materials creates new perspectives for animal cereal diets enriched with microbial γ-linolenic acid (GLA). Diets consisting of lucerne hay (LH) plus prefermented cereals (wheat bran/spent malt grains, WB+TE or WB+TE enriched with sunflower oil, WB+SO+TE in the first experiment and ground maize grains, GC+TE in the second experiment) were used in the artificial rumen. We examined their effect on the rumen fermentation pattern and lipid metabolism. The diet affected the results of degradability of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre of LH+WB diets (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). The GLA daily output of prefermented diet substrates LH+WB+TE and LH+WB+SO+TE, or LH+GC+TE was higher compared to the non-prefermented LH+WB or LH+GC, respectively (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). Daily outputs of trans11 oleic (TVA) of the LH+GC+TE diet were higher versus the non-prefermented LH+GC (P < 0.01). The biohydrogenation of fatty acids (C18:1 cis9 oleic, C18:2 linoleic, C18:3n-3 alpha-linolenic, C18:3n-6 GLA and total FA) of prefermented cereal diets was not influenced. Cereal diets containing microbial GLA might positively enhance GLA daily outputs in the RUSITEC effluent, but they are not effective enough to decrease the biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids.
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Effects of prefermented cereal-derived substrates (ground barley and rye bran) enriched with fungal γ-linolenic acid on rumen fermentation parameters and lipid metabolism in vitro.
Journal of applied microbiology, 2011Co-Authors: T Laho, K Mihalikova, Zora Varadyova, S. Kišidayová, Zuzana Adamechova, Milan Čertík, D. JalčAbstract:Aims: To increase rumen output of γ-linolenic acid (GLA), we used two cereal-derived substrates, ground barley (GB) and rye bran (RB), enriched with fungal GLA as components of feed rations. We examined their effects on rumen fermentation patterns, lipid metabolism and the ciliated protozoan population in an artificial rumen. Methods and Results: Four diets consisting of meadow hay (MH) plus unfermented (GB or RB) or prefermented (GB − TE or RB − TE) cereal-derived substrates were fermented in an artificial rumen with ovine rumen inoculum. The cereal-derived substrates were prefermented with the fungus Thamnidium elegans (TE) by fungal solid-state fermentation. The diets with TE increased the rumen input of dietary GLA (mg day−1) from 0 to 21 (GB − TE) or 26 (RB − TE). Both experimental diets increased the rumen output of GLA (P
Zuzana Adamechova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of prefermented cereal derived substrates ground barley and rye bran enriched with fungal γ linolenic acid on rumen fermentation parameters and lipid metabolism in vitro
Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2011Co-Authors: T Laho, K Mihalikova, Zora Varadyova, S. Kišidayová, Zuzana Adamechova, Milan Čertík, D. JalčAbstract:Aims: To increase rumen output of γ-linolenic acid (GLA), we used two cereal-derived substrates, ground barley (GB) and rye bran (RB), enriched with fungal GLA as components of feed rations. We examined their effects on rumen fermentation patterns, lipid metabolism and the ciliated protozoan population in an artificial rumen. Methods and Results: Four diets consisting of meadow hay (MH) plus unfermented (GB or RB) or prefermented (GB − TE or RB − TE) cereal-derived substrates were fermented in an artificial rumen with ovine rumen inoculum. The cereal-derived substrates were prefermented with the fungus Thamnidium elegans (TE) by fungal solid-state fermentation. The diets with TE increased the rumen input of dietary GLA (mg day−1) from 0 to 21 (GB − TE) or 26 (RB − TE). Both experimental diets increased the rumen output of GLA (P < 0·001). Adverse effects on the ciliate population were observed. Both diets also had an effect on the fatty acids profile. Fermentation patterns were also affected with MH + RB − TE. Conclusion: Cereal-derived substrates enriched with GLA effectively enhanced the output of GLA in artificial rumen. Significance and Impact of the Study: The ability of the fungal strain T. elegans to grow and utilize various agro-industrial substrates might be useful in developing potential new animal diets enriched in GLA.
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Prefermented cereals containing fungal gamma-linolenic acid and their effect on rumen metabolism in vitro
Czech Journal of Animal Science, 2011Co-Authors: T Laho, K Mihalikova, Zora Varadyova, S. Kišidayová, Zuzana Adamechova, Milan Čertík, D. JalčAbstract:The application of Thamnidium elegans fungal strain CCF 1456 (TE) for effective utilization of various agroindustrial materials creates new perspectives for animal cereal diets enriched with microbial γ-linolenic acid (GLA). Diets consisting of lucerne hay (LH) plus prefermented cereals (wheat bran/spent malt grains, WB+TE or WB+TE enriched with sunflower oil, WB+SO+TE in the first experiment and ground maize grains, GC+TE in the second experiment) were used in the artificial rumen. We examined their effect on the rumen fermentation pattern and lipid metabolism. The diet affected the results of degradability of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre of LH+WB diets (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). The GLA daily output of prefermented diet substrates LH+WB+TE and LH+WB+SO+TE, or LH+GC+TE was higher compared to the non-prefermented LH+WB or LH+GC, respectively (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). Daily outputs of trans11 oleic (TVA) of the LH+GC+TE diet were higher versus the non-prefermented LH+GC (P < 0.01). The biohydrogenation of fatty acids (C18:1 cis9 oleic, C18:2 linoleic, C18:3n-3 alpha-linolenic, C18:3n-6 GLA and total FA) of prefermented cereal diets was not influenced. Cereal diets containing microbial GLA might positively enhance GLA daily outputs in the RUSITEC effluent, but they are not effective enough to decrease the biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids.
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Effects of prefermented cereal-derived substrates (ground barley and rye bran) enriched with fungal γ-linolenic acid on rumen fermentation parameters and lipid metabolism in vitro.
Journal of applied microbiology, 2011Co-Authors: T Laho, K Mihalikova, Zora Varadyova, S. Kišidayová, Zuzana Adamechova, Milan Čertík, D. JalčAbstract:Aims: To increase rumen output of γ-linolenic acid (GLA), we used two cereal-derived substrates, ground barley (GB) and rye bran (RB), enriched with fungal GLA as components of feed rations. We examined their effects on rumen fermentation patterns, lipid metabolism and the ciliated protozoan population in an artificial rumen. Methods and Results: Four diets consisting of meadow hay (MH) plus unfermented (GB or RB) or prefermented (GB − TE or RB − TE) cereal-derived substrates were fermented in an artificial rumen with ovine rumen inoculum. The cereal-derived substrates were prefermented with the fungus Thamnidium elegans (TE) by fungal solid-state fermentation. The diets with TE increased the rumen input of dietary GLA (mg day−1) from 0 to 21 (GB − TE) or 26 (RB − TE). Both experimental diets increased the rumen output of GLA (P
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Biotechnology as a useful tool for nutritional improvement of cereal-based materials enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids and pigments
Acta Agronomica Hungarica, 2008Co-Authors: Milan Čertík, Zuzana Adamechova, Vladimira Hanusova, Emília BreierováAbstract:The fungi Thamnidium elegans , as a producer of γ-linolenic acid (GLA), and Mortierella alpina , as a producer of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA), arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and the yeasts Rhodotorula glutinis and Sporobolomyces roseus , as producers of s-carotene, torulene and torularhodin, were tested for their ability to utilize cereal substrates during solid state fermentations (SSF). Depending on the strain and conditions, the cereal materials were effectively enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) or carotenoids. These naturally prepared bioproducts could find applications in food, feed, biomedical, pharmaceutical and veterinary fields.
Seraphim Papanikolaou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The olive mill wastewater as substrate for single cell oil production by Zygomycetes.
Journal of biotechnology, 2013Co-Authors: Stamatina Bellou, Seraphim Papanikolaou, Anna Makri, Dimitris Sarris, Konstantinos Michos, Penelope Rentoumi, Ayhan Çelik, George AggelisAbstract:Abstract The conversion of olive mill wastewater (OMW) into high added value lipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), in parallel with a significant phenolic removal by selected strains of Zygomycetes, is reported here for the first time. The growth of Mortierella isabellina , Mortierella ramanniana , Cunninghamella echinulata , Mucor sp., Thamnidium elegans and Zygorhynchus moelleri on solidified media was not significantly affected by the presence of OMW used in the growth medium up to 50% (v/v). Kinetic parameter values and conversion yields, estimated using a mathematical model which was fitted on the experimental data originated from submerged cultures, shows the ability of some Zygomycetes (i.e. T. elegans and Z. moelleri ) to grow on OMW and accumulate storage material, i.e. lipids rich in PUFA, and these findings open new perspectives in OMW management and valorization. In liquid media containing OMW as sole carbon source, T. elegans and Z. moelleri produced 4.4 and 3.5 g/L cell mass in surface (SC) and submerged (SMC) cultures, respectively, containing around 60% (w/w) of lipids. Oleic and palmitic acids were the predominant fatty acids. Gamma-linolenic acid was found in high percentages (up to 17.7%, w/w) in the lipid of Z. moelleri , in SMC with OMW as sole carbon source, while PUFA biosynthesis was not favored in SC.
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evaluating glucose and xylose as cosubstrates for lipid accumulation and γ linolenic acid biosynthesis of Thamnidium elegans
Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2013Co-Authors: E. Zikou, Afroditi Chatzifragkou, Apostolis A. Koutinas, Seraphim PapanikolaouAbstract:Aims To study the biotechnological production of lipids containing rich amounts of the medically and nutritionally important γ-linolenic acid (GLA), during cultivation of the Zygomycetes Thamnidium elegans, on mixtures of glucose and xylose, abundant sugars of lignocellulosic biomass. Methods and Results Glucose and xylose were utilized as carbon sources, solely or in mixtures, under nitrogen-limited conditions, in batch-flask or bioreactor cultures. On glucose, T. elegans produced 31·9 g l−1 of biomass containing 15·0 g l−1 lipid with significantly high GLA content (1014 mg l−1). Xylose was proved to be an adequate substrate for growth and lipid production. Additionally, xylitol secretion occurred when xylose was utilized as carbon source, solely or in mixtures with glucose. Batch-bioreactor trials on glucose yielded satisfactory lipid production, with rapid substrate consumption rates. Analysis of intracellular lipids showed that the highest GLA content was observed in early stationary growth phase, while the phospholipid fraction was the most unsaturated fraction of T. elegans. Conclusions Thamnidium elegans represents a promising fungus for the successful valorization of sugar-based lignocellulosic residues into microbial lipids of high nutritional and pharmaceutical interest. Significance and Impact of the Study Xylitol production and cultivation in bioreactor trials is reported for the first time for T. elegans, while cultivation on xylose-based media resulted in high GLA production by this fungus.
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Evaluating glucose and xylose as cosubstrates for lipid accumulation and γ‐linolenic acid biosynthesis of Thamnidium elegans
Journal of applied microbiology, 2013Co-Authors: E. Zikou, Afroditi Chatzifragkou, Apostolis A. Koutinas, Seraphim PapanikolaouAbstract:Aims To study the biotechnological production of lipids containing rich amounts of the medically and nutritionally important γ-linolenic acid (GLA), during cultivation of the Zygomycetes Thamnidium elegans, on mixtures of glucose and xylose, abundant sugars of lignocellulosic biomass. Methods and Results Glucose and xylose were utilized as carbon sources, solely or in mixtures, under nitrogen-limited conditions, in batch-flask or bioreactor cultures. On glucose, T. elegans produced 31·9 g l−1 of biomass containing 15·0 g l−1 lipid with significantly high GLA content (1014 mg l−1). Xylose was proved to be an adequate substrate for growth and lipid production. Additionally, xylitol secretion occurred when xylose was utilized as carbon source, solely or in mixtures with glucose. Batch-bioreactor trials on glucose yielded satisfactory lipid production, with rapid substrate consumption rates. Analysis of intracellular lipids showed that the highest GLA content was observed in early stationary growth phase, while the phospholipid fraction was the most unsaturated fraction of T. elegans. Conclusions Thamnidium elegans represents a promising fungus for the successful valorization of sugar-based lignocellulosic residues into microbial lipids of high nutritional and pharmaceutical interest. Significance and Impact of the Study Xylitol production and cultivation in bioreactor trials is reported for the first time for T. elegans, while cultivation on xylose-based media resulted in high GLA production by this fungus.
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Biotechnological conversions of biodiesel derived waste glycerol by yeast and fungal species
Energy, 2011Co-Authors: Afroditi Chatzifragkou, Aikaterini Belka, Stamatina Bellou, Marilena Mavrou, Maria Mastoridou, Paraskevi Mystrioti, Grace Onjaro, Anna Makri, George Aggelis, Seraphim PapanikolaouAbstract:Fifteen eukaryotic microorganisms were tested for their ability to assimilate biodiesel derived waste glycerol and convert it into value-added metabolic products. For this purpose yeast and Zygomycetes strains were cultivated in nitrogen-limited raw glycerol-based media (initial glycerol concentration 30 g/L). Yeasts tested accumulated restricted lipid quantities (up to ∼22%, wt/wt, in the case of Rhodotorula sp), while differentiations in their fatty acid composition were recorded in relation to the yeast strains employed and the fermentation time. On the contrary, fungi accumulated higher quantities of lipid inside their mycelia (ranging between 18.1 and 42.6%, wt/wt, of dry biomass) that contained in variable amounts the medically important GLA (γ-linolenic acid). Moreover, Yarrowia lipolytica, Pichia membranifaciens and Thamnidium elegans were further studied in media having increased initial glycerol concentrations. In these conditions Y. lipolytica secreted significant amounts of acetic acid (29.2 g/L), as well as mannitol (19.4 g/L) while P. membranifaciens reached 28.4 g/L of biomass at glycerol concentration 90 g/L. T. elegans produced 11.6 g/L of oil, with 71.1%, wt/wt, of fat in biomass, while the maximum concentration of GLA was 371 mg/L. Detailed analysis of T. elegans lipids indicated that the phospholipids fraction was particularly rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids.
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cheese whey as a renewable substrate for microbial lipid and biomass production by zygomycetes
Engineering in Life Sciences, 2010Co-Authors: Afroditinectaria Vamvakaki, I Kandarakis, Stelios Kaminarides, Michael Komaitis, Seraphim PapanikolaouAbstract:Three Zygomycetes, Mortierella isabellina, Thamnidium elegans and Mucor sp., were tested for their ability of producing biomass and lipid-containing γ-linolenic acid (GLA) during their cultivation on cheese whey. M. isabellina consumed all of the available lactose and a significant amount of the available protein. On the contrary, the two other fungi seemed incapable of consuming lactose after protein exhaustion. In the second series of experiments, for M. isabellina a supplementary quantity of lactose was added into the medium in order to increase the C/N ratio and hence to increase the production of fat. In the case of T. elegans and Mucor sp., a supplementary quantity of ammonium sulfate was added in order to favor the consumption of lactose and the production of biomass. Indeed, enhancement of lipid production was observed for M. isabellina and biomass production for T. elegans and Mucor sp.. Fatty acid analysis of the microbial lipid showed a composition that presented non-negligible changes in relation with the age of the culture and the C/N molar ratio of the medium. Further analysis of the fat showed that the quantity of neutral lipids was the more abundant. The fatty acid composition of neutral lipids resembled to that of total lipids. Phospholipids were the more unsaturated fraction for Mucor sp. and M. isabellina. GLA was synthesized in all trials but its concentration presented differences related with the utilized strains and the fermentation time. Growth of M. isabellina on lactose-supplemented whey resulted in a maximum GLA production of 301 mg/L.
