The Experts below are selected from a list of 10524 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Cham E. Dallas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
human consequences of multiple nuclear detonations in new delhi india interdisciplinary requirements in triage management
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021Co-Authors: Samir P Desai, Frederick M. Burkle, William C Bell, Curtis Harris, Cham E. DallasAbstract:The human casualties from simulated nuclear detonation scenarios in New Delhi, India are analyzed, with a focus on the distribution of casualties in urban environments and the theoretical application of a nuclear-specific triage system with significant innovation in interdisciplinary disaster management applicable generally to urban nuclear detonation medical response. Model estimates of nuclear war casualties employed ESRI’s ArcGIS 9.3, blast and prompt radiation were calculated using the Defense Nuclear Agency’s WE program, and fallout radiation was calculated using the Defense Threat Reduction Agency’s (DTRA’s) Hazard Prediction and Assessment Capability (HPAC) V404SP4, as well as custom GIS and database software applications. ESRI ArcGISTM programs were used to calculate affected populations from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s LandScanTM 2007 Global Population Dataset for areas affected by Thermal, blast and radiation data. Trauma, Thermal Burn, and radiation casualties were thus estimated on a geographic basis for New Delhi, India for single and multiple (six) 25 kt detonations and a single 1 mt (1000 kt) detonation. Major issues related to the emergency management of a nuclear incident are discussed with specific recommendations for improvement. The consequences for health management of Thermal Burn and radiation patients is the worst, as Burn patients require enormous resources to treat, and there will be little to no familiarity with the treatment of radiation victims. Of particular importance is the interdisciplinary cooperation necessary for such a large-scale emergency response event, which would be exemplified by efforts such as the application of a Nuclear Global Health Workforce.
-
the nursing profession a critical component of the growing need for a nuclear global health workforce
Conflict and Health, 2019Co-Authors: Tener Goodwin Veenema, Frederick M. Burkle, Cham E. DallasAbstract:Instability in the global geopolitical climate and the continuing spread of nuclear weapons and increase in their lethality has made the exchange of nuclear weapons or a terrorist attack upon a nuclear power plant a serious issue that demands appropriate planning for response. In response to this threat, the development of a nuclear global health workforce under the technical expertise of the International Atomic Energy Agency and the World Health Organization Radiation Emergency Medical Preparedness and Assistance Network has been proposed. As the largest component of the global healthcare workforce, nurses will play a critical role in both the leadership and health care effectiveness of a response to any public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) resulting from the unprecedented numbers of trauma, Thermal Burn, and radiation affected patients that will require extensive involvement of the nursing professional community. Lives can and will be saved if nurses are present. The clinical care of radiation contaminated patients (e.g. radiation Burns, fluid management, infection control), Thermal Burn patients, and other health system response activities such as community screening for radiation exposure, triage, decontamination, administration of medical countermeasures and the provision of supportive emotional and mental health care will be overwhelmingly nurse intensive.
-
The nursing profession: a critical component of the growing need for a nuclear global health workforce
BMC, 2019Co-Authors: Tener Goodwin Veenema, Frederick M. Burkle, Cham E. DallasAbstract:Abstract Background Instability in the global geopolitical climate and the continuing spread of nuclear weapons and increase in their lethality has made the exchange of nuclear weapons or a terrorist attack upon a nuclear power plant a serious issue that demands appropriate planning for response. In response to this threat, the development of a nuclear global health workforce under the technical expertise of the International Atomic Energy Agency and the World Health Organization Radiation Emergency Medical Preparedness and Assistance Network has been proposed. Main body of the abstract As the largest component of the global healthcare workforce, nurses will play a critical role in both the leadership and health care effectiveness of a response to any public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) resulting from the unprecedented numbers of trauma, Thermal Burn, and radiation affected patients that will require extensive involvement of the nursing professional community. Short conclusion Lives can and will be saved if nurses are present. The clinical care of radiation contaminated patients (e.g. radiation Burns, fluid management, infection control), Thermal Burn patients, and other health system response activities such as community screening for radiation exposure, triage, decontamination, administration of medical countermeasures and the provision of supportive emotional and mental health care will be overwhelmingly nurse intensive
-
nuclear war between israel and iran lethality beyond the pale
Conflict and Health, 2013Co-Authors: Cham E. Dallas, William C Bell, David J Stewart, Antonio Caruso, Frederick M. BurkleAbstract:The proliferation of nuclear technology in the politically volatile Middle East greatly increases the likelihood of a catastrophic nuclear war. It is widely accepted, while not openly declared, that Israel has nuclear weapons, and that Iran has enriched enough nuclear material to build them. The medical consequences of a nuclear exchange between Iran and Israel in the near future are envisioned, with a focus on the distribution of casualties in urban environments. Model estimates of nuclear war casualties employed ESRI's ArcGIS 9.3, blast and prompt radiation were calculated using the Defense Nuclear Agency's WE program, and fallout radiation was calculated using the Defense Threat Reduction Agency's (DTRA's) Hazard Prediction and Assessment Capability (HPAC) V404SP4, as well as custom GIS and database software applications. Further development for Thermal Burn casualties was based on Brode, as modified by Binninger, to calculate Thermal fluence. ESRI ArcGISTM programs were used to calculate affected populations from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's LandScanTM 2007 Global Population Dataset for areas affected by Thermal, blast and radiation data. Trauma, Thermal Burn, and radiation casualties were thus estimated on a geographic basis for three Israeli and eighteen Iranian cities. Nuclear weapon detonations in the densely populated cities of Iran and Israel will result in an unprecedented millions of numbers of dead, with millions of injured suffering without adequate medical care, a broad base of lingering mental health issues, a devastating loss of municipal infrastructure, long-term disruption of economic, educational, and other essential social activity, and a breakdown in law and order. This will cause a very limited medical response initially for survivors in Iran and Israel. Strategic use of surviving medical response and collaboration with international relief could be expedited by the predicted casualty distributions and locations. The consequences for health management of Thermal Burn and radiation patients is the worst, as Burn patients require enormous resources to treat, and there will be little to no familiarity with the treatment of radiation victims. Any rational analysis of a nuclear war between Iran and Israel reveals the utterly unacceptable outcomes for either nation.
Frederick M. Burkle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
human consequences of multiple nuclear detonations in new delhi india interdisciplinary requirements in triage management
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021Co-Authors: Samir P Desai, Frederick M. Burkle, William C Bell, Curtis Harris, Cham E. DallasAbstract:The human casualties from simulated nuclear detonation scenarios in New Delhi, India are analyzed, with a focus on the distribution of casualties in urban environments and the theoretical application of a nuclear-specific triage system with significant innovation in interdisciplinary disaster management applicable generally to urban nuclear detonation medical response. Model estimates of nuclear war casualties employed ESRI’s ArcGIS 9.3, blast and prompt radiation were calculated using the Defense Nuclear Agency’s WE program, and fallout radiation was calculated using the Defense Threat Reduction Agency’s (DTRA’s) Hazard Prediction and Assessment Capability (HPAC) V404SP4, as well as custom GIS and database software applications. ESRI ArcGISTM programs were used to calculate affected populations from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s LandScanTM 2007 Global Population Dataset for areas affected by Thermal, blast and radiation data. Trauma, Thermal Burn, and radiation casualties were thus estimated on a geographic basis for New Delhi, India for single and multiple (six) 25 kt detonations and a single 1 mt (1000 kt) detonation. Major issues related to the emergency management of a nuclear incident are discussed with specific recommendations for improvement. The consequences for health management of Thermal Burn and radiation patients is the worst, as Burn patients require enormous resources to treat, and there will be little to no familiarity with the treatment of radiation victims. Of particular importance is the interdisciplinary cooperation necessary for such a large-scale emergency response event, which would be exemplified by efforts such as the application of a Nuclear Global Health Workforce.
-
the nursing profession a critical component of the growing need for a nuclear global health workforce
Conflict and Health, 2019Co-Authors: Tener Goodwin Veenema, Frederick M. Burkle, Cham E. DallasAbstract:Instability in the global geopolitical climate and the continuing spread of nuclear weapons and increase in their lethality has made the exchange of nuclear weapons or a terrorist attack upon a nuclear power plant a serious issue that demands appropriate planning for response. In response to this threat, the development of a nuclear global health workforce under the technical expertise of the International Atomic Energy Agency and the World Health Organization Radiation Emergency Medical Preparedness and Assistance Network has been proposed. As the largest component of the global healthcare workforce, nurses will play a critical role in both the leadership and health care effectiveness of a response to any public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) resulting from the unprecedented numbers of trauma, Thermal Burn, and radiation affected patients that will require extensive involvement of the nursing professional community. Lives can and will be saved if nurses are present. The clinical care of radiation contaminated patients (e.g. radiation Burns, fluid management, infection control), Thermal Burn patients, and other health system response activities such as community screening for radiation exposure, triage, decontamination, administration of medical countermeasures and the provision of supportive emotional and mental health care will be overwhelmingly nurse intensive.
-
The nursing profession: a critical component of the growing need for a nuclear global health workforce
BMC, 2019Co-Authors: Tener Goodwin Veenema, Frederick M. Burkle, Cham E. DallasAbstract:Abstract Background Instability in the global geopolitical climate and the continuing spread of nuclear weapons and increase in their lethality has made the exchange of nuclear weapons or a terrorist attack upon a nuclear power plant a serious issue that demands appropriate planning for response. In response to this threat, the development of a nuclear global health workforce under the technical expertise of the International Atomic Energy Agency and the World Health Organization Radiation Emergency Medical Preparedness and Assistance Network has been proposed. Main body of the abstract As the largest component of the global healthcare workforce, nurses will play a critical role in both the leadership and health care effectiveness of a response to any public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) resulting from the unprecedented numbers of trauma, Thermal Burn, and radiation affected patients that will require extensive involvement of the nursing professional community. Short conclusion Lives can and will be saved if nurses are present. The clinical care of radiation contaminated patients (e.g. radiation Burns, fluid management, infection control), Thermal Burn patients, and other health system response activities such as community screening for radiation exposure, triage, decontamination, administration of medical countermeasures and the provision of supportive emotional and mental health care will be overwhelmingly nurse intensive
-
nuclear war between israel and iran lethality beyond the pale
Conflict and Health, 2013Co-Authors: Cham E. Dallas, William C Bell, David J Stewart, Antonio Caruso, Frederick M. BurkleAbstract:The proliferation of nuclear technology in the politically volatile Middle East greatly increases the likelihood of a catastrophic nuclear war. It is widely accepted, while not openly declared, that Israel has nuclear weapons, and that Iran has enriched enough nuclear material to build them. The medical consequences of a nuclear exchange between Iran and Israel in the near future are envisioned, with a focus on the distribution of casualties in urban environments. Model estimates of nuclear war casualties employed ESRI's ArcGIS 9.3, blast and prompt radiation were calculated using the Defense Nuclear Agency's WE program, and fallout radiation was calculated using the Defense Threat Reduction Agency's (DTRA's) Hazard Prediction and Assessment Capability (HPAC) V404SP4, as well as custom GIS and database software applications. Further development for Thermal Burn casualties was based on Brode, as modified by Binninger, to calculate Thermal fluence. ESRI ArcGISTM programs were used to calculate affected populations from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's LandScanTM 2007 Global Population Dataset for areas affected by Thermal, blast and radiation data. Trauma, Thermal Burn, and radiation casualties were thus estimated on a geographic basis for three Israeli and eighteen Iranian cities. Nuclear weapon detonations in the densely populated cities of Iran and Israel will result in an unprecedented millions of numbers of dead, with millions of injured suffering without adequate medical care, a broad base of lingering mental health issues, a devastating loss of municipal infrastructure, long-term disruption of economic, educational, and other essential social activity, and a breakdown in law and order. This will cause a very limited medical response initially for survivors in Iran and Israel. Strategic use of surviving medical response and collaboration with international relief could be expedited by the predicted casualty distributions and locations. The consequences for health management of Thermal Burn and radiation patients is the worst, as Burn patients require enormous resources to treat, and there will be little to no familiarity with the treatment of radiation victims. Any rational analysis of a nuclear war between Iran and Israel reveals the utterly unacceptable outcomes for either nation.
Yoko Takahashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
ultrasonic phacoemulsification using a 1 4 mm incision clinical results
Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, 2002Co-Authors: Hiroshi Tsuneoka, Takuya Shiba, Yoko TakahashiAbstract:Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the intraoperative complications and postoperative results of bimanual phacoemulsification and aspiration using a sleeveless phaco tip inserted through an ultra-small incision. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Jikei University, Tokyo, Japan. Methods: This study comprised 637 eyes having cataract extraction using conventional phacoemulsification equipment. A 20-gauge phaco tip with the sleeve removed was inserted through a 19-gauge corneal incision. A 20-gauge hooked cannula with the wall thinned to increase the inner diameter was used for infusion. After the crystalline lens was removed, the incision was widened to 2.8 to 4.1 mm and and an intraocular lens (IOL) was implanted. Study parameters were operating time, amount of infusion solution used, incidence of intraoperative complications, and early postoperative results. Results: The mean operating time was 8 minutes 42 seconds. Although the nuclear hardness was grade 4 or above in 35 eyes, there were no cases of Thermal Burn. The amount of infusion solution and the rate of postoperative decrease in corneal endothelial cell density did not differ greatly from results of conventional methods. This technique induced considerably less corneal astigmatism than surgery using conventional corneal incisions. Conclusions: A sleeveless phaco tip was used to perform successful bimanual phacoemulsification using conventional phaco machines and familiar surgical techniques. The cataracts were safely removed through an incision of 1.4 mm or smaller that was widened for IOL insertion.
-
feasibility of ultrasound cataract surgery with a 1 4 mm incision
Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, 2001Co-Authors: Hiroshi Tsuneoka, Takuya Shiba, Yoko TakahashiAbstract:Abstract Purpose To study the feasibility of performing ultrasound (US) phacoemulsification cataract surgery through a 1.4 mm incision using conventional phacoemulsification equipment but removing the infusion sleeve from the US tip. Setting Department of Ophthalmology, Jikei University, Tokyo, Japan. Methods The infusion sleeve was removed from a 20 gauge US tip, and the sleeveless tip was inserted in a 1.4 mm incision in a postmortem porcine eye, providing infusion through a side port; phacoemulsification was performed with the US tip occluded. Temperature at the incision site was measured with a thermometer to determine whether a Thermal Burn occurred during the process. A hooked infusion cannula with a widened inner channel and 3 apertures was used to stabilize the anterior chamber depth. Results Ultrasound phacoemulsification produced almost no temperature elevation at the incision site as long as the infusion liquid was adequately circulated around the US tip. With the 20 gauge US tip, an adequate volume of leakage was maintained through the 1.4 mm incision; no Thermal Burns developed at the incision site. The use of a hooked infusion cannula made it possible to stabilize the anterior chamber and to apply the bimanual nucleofractis technique to emulsify and aspirate the lens nucleus. Conclusion Using a sleeveless 20 gauge US tip, US cataract surgery was safely performed through a 1.4 mm incision without producing Thermal Burns at the incision site.
Tener Goodwin Veenema - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the nursing profession a critical component of the growing need for a nuclear global health workforce
Conflict and Health, 2019Co-Authors: Tener Goodwin Veenema, Frederick M. Burkle, Cham E. DallasAbstract:Instability in the global geopolitical climate and the continuing spread of nuclear weapons and increase in their lethality has made the exchange of nuclear weapons or a terrorist attack upon a nuclear power plant a serious issue that demands appropriate planning for response. In response to this threat, the development of a nuclear global health workforce under the technical expertise of the International Atomic Energy Agency and the World Health Organization Radiation Emergency Medical Preparedness and Assistance Network has been proposed. As the largest component of the global healthcare workforce, nurses will play a critical role in both the leadership and health care effectiveness of a response to any public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) resulting from the unprecedented numbers of trauma, Thermal Burn, and radiation affected patients that will require extensive involvement of the nursing professional community. Lives can and will be saved if nurses are present. The clinical care of radiation contaminated patients (e.g. radiation Burns, fluid management, infection control), Thermal Burn patients, and other health system response activities such as community screening for radiation exposure, triage, decontamination, administration of medical countermeasures and the provision of supportive emotional and mental health care will be overwhelmingly nurse intensive.
-
The nursing profession: a critical component of the growing need for a nuclear global health workforce
BMC, 2019Co-Authors: Tener Goodwin Veenema, Frederick M. Burkle, Cham E. DallasAbstract:Abstract Background Instability in the global geopolitical climate and the continuing spread of nuclear weapons and increase in their lethality has made the exchange of nuclear weapons or a terrorist attack upon a nuclear power plant a serious issue that demands appropriate planning for response. In response to this threat, the development of a nuclear global health workforce under the technical expertise of the International Atomic Energy Agency and the World Health Organization Radiation Emergency Medical Preparedness and Assistance Network has been proposed. Main body of the abstract As the largest component of the global healthcare workforce, nurses will play a critical role in both the leadership and health care effectiveness of a response to any public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) resulting from the unprecedented numbers of trauma, Thermal Burn, and radiation affected patients that will require extensive involvement of the nursing professional community. Short conclusion Lives can and will be saved if nurses are present. The clinical care of radiation contaminated patients (e.g. radiation Burns, fluid management, infection control), Thermal Burn patients, and other health system response activities such as community screening for radiation exposure, triage, decontamination, administration of medical countermeasures and the provision of supportive emotional and mental health care will be overwhelmingly nurse intensive
Hiroshi Tsuneoka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
ultrasonic phacoemulsification using a 1 4 mm incision clinical results
Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, 2002Co-Authors: Hiroshi Tsuneoka, Takuya Shiba, Yoko TakahashiAbstract:Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the intraoperative complications and postoperative results of bimanual phacoemulsification and aspiration using a sleeveless phaco tip inserted through an ultra-small incision. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Jikei University, Tokyo, Japan. Methods: This study comprised 637 eyes having cataract extraction using conventional phacoemulsification equipment. A 20-gauge phaco tip with the sleeve removed was inserted through a 19-gauge corneal incision. A 20-gauge hooked cannula with the wall thinned to increase the inner diameter was used for infusion. After the crystalline lens was removed, the incision was widened to 2.8 to 4.1 mm and and an intraocular lens (IOL) was implanted. Study parameters were operating time, amount of infusion solution used, incidence of intraoperative complications, and early postoperative results. Results: The mean operating time was 8 minutes 42 seconds. Although the nuclear hardness was grade 4 or above in 35 eyes, there were no cases of Thermal Burn. The amount of infusion solution and the rate of postoperative decrease in corneal endothelial cell density did not differ greatly from results of conventional methods. This technique induced considerably less corneal astigmatism than surgery using conventional corneal incisions. Conclusions: A sleeveless phaco tip was used to perform successful bimanual phacoemulsification using conventional phaco machines and familiar surgical techniques. The cataracts were safely removed through an incision of 1.4 mm or smaller that was widened for IOL insertion.
-
feasibility of ultrasound cataract surgery with a 1 4 mm incision
Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, 2001Co-Authors: Hiroshi Tsuneoka, Takuya Shiba, Yoko TakahashiAbstract:Abstract Purpose To study the feasibility of performing ultrasound (US) phacoemulsification cataract surgery through a 1.4 mm incision using conventional phacoemulsification equipment but removing the infusion sleeve from the US tip. Setting Department of Ophthalmology, Jikei University, Tokyo, Japan. Methods The infusion sleeve was removed from a 20 gauge US tip, and the sleeveless tip was inserted in a 1.4 mm incision in a postmortem porcine eye, providing infusion through a side port; phacoemulsification was performed with the US tip occluded. Temperature at the incision site was measured with a thermometer to determine whether a Thermal Burn occurred during the process. A hooked infusion cannula with a widened inner channel and 3 apertures was used to stabilize the anterior chamber depth. Results Ultrasound phacoemulsification produced almost no temperature elevation at the incision site as long as the infusion liquid was adequately circulated around the US tip. With the 20 gauge US tip, an adequate volume of leakage was maintained through the 1.4 mm incision; no Thermal Burns developed at the incision site. The use of a hooked infusion cannula made it possible to stabilize the anterior chamber and to apply the bimanual nucleofractis technique to emulsify and aspirate the lens nucleus. Conclusion Using a sleeveless 20 gauge US tip, US cataract surgery was safely performed through a 1.4 mm incision without producing Thermal Burns at the incision site.
