The Experts below are selected from a list of 105 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Rajiv Padhye - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aerogel nonwoven as reinforcement and batting material for firefighter’s protective clothing: a comparative study
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Rajiv Padhye, Lijing Wang, M. A.rahman BhuyianAbstract:Aerogel, the most insulated solid known to modern science, is gradually expanding its field of application from space shuttle to normal clothing. So far, apparel use of aerogel nonwoven has been successfully commercialized in case of cold weather clothing. Use of aerogel in high heat protective clothing is much complex as it requires to balance comfort with protection. This paper studied the protective performance of aerogel nonwoven in a high heat protective apparel, firefighter’s protective clothing (FPC). An investigation was carried out to justify its use as reinforcement material and/or batting in Thermal Liner or moisture barrier of FPC. Impressive results were observed in case of reducing the risk of burn injury, increasing comfort and enhancing protection. It was observed that aerogel nonwoven can provide eight times more Thermal resistance than existing commercial reinforcement material and existing Thermal batting material. When the aerogel nonwoven layer was used as Thermal Liner, it offered five times more resistance to heat than existing Thermal Liner and three times more resistance than combined performance of existing Thermal Liner and moisture barrier. The possible burn injury under 49 N compressive load was predicted on a 200 °C heated surface. It was found that the temperature behind the commercial reinforcement material quickly raised above 70 °C within 30 s of contact, while it took more than 4 min to reach the same temperature for proposed aerogel reinforcement material. This indicates that a firefighter will receive instant burn on contact in 30 s if only the commercial reinforcement material is used. It was measured that, without any reinforcement material even when only the aerogel nonwoven is used instead of current batting material, a firefighter will have 86 s before feeling any pain, 107 s before receiving first-degree burn and will have 2 and half minutes before theoretically receiving second-degree burn at the same condition. Thus, a firefighter will gain more than 1 min of escape time to withdraw from a danger situation, where it is only 5 s for existing Thermal Liner and reinforcement material. Performance was also evaluated against fabric thickness and weight, air permeability, resistance to one-way liquid transfer, moisture management, moisture vapour transfer and degree of evaporative cooling. The advantages and disadvantages of proposed combination have been discussed and it was concluded that the use of aerogel reinforcement can significantly increase the protective performance of FPC. Aerogel nonwoven substrate is lighter and has excellent compressive heat resistance as a reinforcement material, and also superior Thermal performance compared to the existing commercial Thermal Liner, multilayer batting, and the combination of face cloth, Thermal Liner and moisture barrier for a firefighter garment. Aerogel nonwoven (A) showed superior performance over existing reinforcement material (Rinf) and Thermal Liner (F+B1) for firefighter’s protective clothing. In particular, aerogel nonwoven has Over eight times more Thermal resistance than ‘Rinf’; Excellent compressive heat resistance before receiving burn (A = more than 2.5 min, Rinf = 19 s); Better air permeability (A = 12.4 mL/cm^2/s@50 Pa, Rinf = Nil); and Enhanced evaporative cooling (Ret of A = 17.5 Pa m^2/W, Rinf = Infinite).
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Aerogel nonwoven as reinforcement and batting material for firefighter's protective clothing: a comparative study
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Rajiv Padhye, Lijing Wang, M. A.rahman BhuyianAbstract:Aerogel, the most insulated solid known to modern science, is gradually expanding its field of application from space shuttle to normal clothing. So far, apparel use of aerogel nonwoven has been successfully commercialized in case of cold weather clothing. Use of aerogel in high heat protective clothing is much complex as it requires to balance comfort with protection. This paper studied the protective performance of aerogel nonwoven in a high heat protective apparel, firefighter’s protective clothing (FPC). An investigation was carried out to justify its use as reinforcement material and/or batting in Thermal Liner or moisture barrier of FPC. Impressive results were observed in case of reducing the risk of burn injury, increasing comfort and enhancing protection. It was observed that aerogel nonwoven can provide eight times more Thermal resistance than existing commercial reinforcement material and existing Thermal batting material. When the aerogel nonwoven layer was used as Thermal Liner, it offered five times more resistance to heat than existing Thermal Liner and three times more resistance than combined performance of existing Thermal Liner and moisture barrier. The possible burn injury under 49 N compressive load was predicted on a 200 °C heated surface. It was found that the temperature behind the commercial reinforcement material quickly raised above 70 °C within 30 s of contact, while it took more than 4 min to reach the same temperature for proposed aerogel reinforcement material. This indicates that a firefighter will receive instant burn on contact in 30 s if only the commercial reinforcement material is used. It was measured that, without any reinforcement material even when only the aerogel nonwoven is used instead of current batting material, a firefighter will have 86 s before feeling any pain, 107 s before receiving first-degree burn and will have 2 and half minutes before theoretically receiving second-degree burn at the same condition. Thus, a firefighter will gain more than 1 min of escape time to withdraw from a danger situation, where it is only 5 s for existing Thermal Liner and reinforcement material. Performance was also evaluated against fabric thickness and weight, air permeability, resistance to one-way liquid transfer, moisture management, moisture vapour transfer and degree of evaporative cooling. The advantages and disadvantages of proposed combination have been discussed and it was concluded that the use of aerogel reinforcement can significantly increase the protective performance of FPC.
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Effect of Aerogel Incorporation in PCM-Containing Thermal Liner of Firefighting Garment:
Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Lijing Wang, Stanley M. Fergusson, Rajiv PadhyeAbstract:Phase change material (PCM) in firefighting garment enhances protection and comfort. Wearing a protective clothing containing PCM, while fighting the fire, is a direct risk to the wearer as most PCMs used are flammable. This article reports a solution by using aerogel. Thermal Liner fabric was treated with PCM and/or aerogel and then their Thermal properties were analyzed. It has been found that the mean ignition time of PCM-containing Thermal Liner is around 3.3 s in current case while this value significantly increased to 5.5 s when the combination of aerogel and PCM was used. Moreover, the weight of the Liner fabric with aerogel decreased in comparison to PCM-containing Liner. Aerogel also slowed down the spreading of flame in PCM-containing fabric. Aerogel-coated Liner showed superior heat resistance and the combination of aerogel with PCM increased the Thermal resistance of PCM-containing Liner.
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effect of aerogel incorporation in pcm containing Thermal Liner of firefighting garment
Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Lijing Wang, Stanley M. Fergusson, Rajiv PadhyeAbstract:Phase change material (PCM) in firefighting garment enhances protection and comfort. Wearing a protective clothing containing PCM, while fighting the fire, is a direct risk to the wearer as most PC...
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Aerogel nonwoven as reinforcement and batting material for firefighter’s protective clothing: a comparative study
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Rajiv Padhye, Lijing Wang, M. A.rahman BhuyianAbstract:© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature Abstracts: Aerogel, the most insulated solid known to modern science, is gradually expanding its field of application from space shuttle to normal clothing. So far, apparel use of aerogel nonwoven has been successfully commercialized in case of cold weather clothing. Use of aerogel in high heat protective clothing is much complex as it requires to balance comfort with protection. This paper studied the protective performance of aerogel nonwoven in a high heat protective apparel, firefighter’s protective clothing (FPC). An investigation was carried out to justify its use as reinforcement material and/or batting in Thermal Liner or moisture barrier of FPC. Impressive results were observed in case of reducing the risk of burn injury, increasing comfort and enhancing protection. It was observed that aerogel nonwoven can provide eight times more Thermal resistance than existing commercial reinforcement material and existing Thermal batting material. When the aerogel nonwoven layer was used as Thermal Liner, it offered five times more resistance to heat than existing Thermal Liner and three times more resistance than combined performance of existing Thermal Liner and moisture barrier. The possible burn injury under 49 N compressive load was predicted on a 200 °C heated surface. It was found that the temperature behind the commercial reinforcement material quickly raised above 70 °C within 30 s of contact, while it took more than 4 min to reach the same temperature for proposed aerogel reinforcement material. This indicates that a firefighter will receive instant burn on contact in 30 s if only the commercial reinforcement material is used. It was measured that, without any reinforcement material even when only the aerogel nonwoven is used instead of current batting material, a firefighter will have 86 s before feeling any pain, 107 s before receiving first-degree burn and will have 2 and half minutes before theoretically receiving second-degree burn at the same condition. Thus, a firefighter will gain more than 1 min of escape time to withdraw from a danger situation, where it is only 5 s for existing Thermal Liner and reinforcement material. Performance was also evaluated against fabric thickness and weight, air permeability, resistance to one-way liquid transfer, moisture management, moisture vapour transfer and degree of evaporative cooling. The advantages and disadvantages of proposed combination have been discussed and it was concluded that the use of aerogel reinforcement can significantly increase the protective performance of FPC. Abstracts: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
Abu Shaid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aerogel nonwoven as reinforcement and batting material for firefighter’s protective clothing: a comparative study
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Rajiv Padhye, Lijing Wang, M. A.rahman BhuyianAbstract:Aerogel, the most insulated solid known to modern science, is gradually expanding its field of application from space shuttle to normal clothing. So far, apparel use of aerogel nonwoven has been successfully commercialized in case of cold weather clothing. Use of aerogel in high heat protective clothing is much complex as it requires to balance comfort with protection. This paper studied the protective performance of aerogel nonwoven in a high heat protective apparel, firefighter’s protective clothing (FPC). An investigation was carried out to justify its use as reinforcement material and/or batting in Thermal Liner or moisture barrier of FPC. Impressive results were observed in case of reducing the risk of burn injury, increasing comfort and enhancing protection. It was observed that aerogel nonwoven can provide eight times more Thermal resistance than existing commercial reinforcement material and existing Thermal batting material. When the aerogel nonwoven layer was used as Thermal Liner, it offered five times more resistance to heat than existing Thermal Liner and three times more resistance than combined performance of existing Thermal Liner and moisture barrier. The possible burn injury under 49 N compressive load was predicted on a 200 °C heated surface. It was found that the temperature behind the commercial reinforcement material quickly raised above 70 °C within 30 s of contact, while it took more than 4 min to reach the same temperature for proposed aerogel reinforcement material. This indicates that a firefighter will receive instant burn on contact in 30 s if only the commercial reinforcement material is used. It was measured that, without any reinforcement material even when only the aerogel nonwoven is used instead of current batting material, a firefighter will have 86 s before feeling any pain, 107 s before receiving first-degree burn and will have 2 and half minutes before theoretically receiving second-degree burn at the same condition. Thus, a firefighter will gain more than 1 min of escape time to withdraw from a danger situation, where it is only 5 s for existing Thermal Liner and reinforcement material. Performance was also evaluated against fabric thickness and weight, air permeability, resistance to one-way liquid transfer, moisture management, moisture vapour transfer and degree of evaporative cooling. The advantages and disadvantages of proposed combination have been discussed and it was concluded that the use of aerogel reinforcement can significantly increase the protective performance of FPC. Aerogel nonwoven substrate is lighter and has excellent compressive heat resistance as a reinforcement material, and also superior Thermal performance compared to the existing commercial Thermal Liner, multilayer batting, and the combination of face cloth, Thermal Liner and moisture barrier for a firefighter garment. Aerogel nonwoven (A) showed superior performance over existing reinforcement material (Rinf) and Thermal Liner (F+B1) for firefighter’s protective clothing. In particular, aerogel nonwoven has Over eight times more Thermal resistance than ‘Rinf’; Excellent compressive heat resistance before receiving burn (A = more than 2.5 min, Rinf = 19 s); Better air permeability (A = 12.4 mL/cm^2/s@50 Pa, Rinf = Nil); and Enhanced evaporative cooling (Ret of A = 17.5 Pa m^2/W, Rinf = Infinite).
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Aerogel nonwoven as reinforcement and batting material for firefighter's protective clothing: a comparative study
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Rajiv Padhye, Lijing Wang, M. A.rahman BhuyianAbstract:Aerogel, the most insulated solid known to modern science, is gradually expanding its field of application from space shuttle to normal clothing. So far, apparel use of aerogel nonwoven has been successfully commercialized in case of cold weather clothing. Use of aerogel in high heat protective clothing is much complex as it requires to balance comfort with protection. This paper studied the protective performance of aerogel nonwoven in a high heat protective apparel, firefighter’s protective clothing (FPC). An investigation was carried out to justify its use as reinforcement material and/or batting in Thermal Liner or moisture barrier of FPC. Impressive results were observed in case of reducing the risk of burn injury, increasing comfort and enhancing protection. It was observed that aerogel nonwoven can provide eight times more Thermal resistance than existing commercial reinforcement material and existing Thermal batting material. When the aerogel nonwoven layer was used as Thermal Liner, it offered five times more resistance to heat than existing Thermal Liner and three times more resistance than combined performance of existing Thermal Liner and moisture barrier. The possible burn injury under 49 N compressive load was predicted on a 200 °C heated surface. It was found that the temperature behind the commercial reinforcement material quickly raised above 70 °C within 30 s of contact, while it took more than 4 min to reach the same temperature for proposed aerogel reinforcement material. This indicates that a firefighter will receive instant burn on contact in 30 s if only the commercial reinforcement material is used. It was measured that, without any reinforcement material even when only the aerogel nonwoven is used instead of current batting material, a firefighter will have 86 s before feeling any pain, 107 s before receiving first-degree burn and will have 2 and half minutes before theoretically receiving second-degree burn at the same condition. Thus, a firefighter will gain more than 1 min of escape time to withdraw from a danger situation, where it is only 5 s for existing Thermal Liner and reinforcement material. Performance was also evaluated against fabric thickness and weight, air permeability, resistance to one-way liquid transfer, moisture management, moisture vapour transfer and degree of evaporative cooling. The advantages and disadvantages of proposed combination have been discussed and it was concluded that the use of aerogel reinforcement can significantly increase the protective performance of FPC.
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Effect of Aerogel Incorporation in PCM-Containing Thermal Liner of Firefighting Garment:
Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Lijing Wang, Stanley M. Fergusson, Rajiv PadhyeAbstract:Phase change material (PCM) in firefighting garment enhances protection and comfort. Wearing a protective clothing containing PCM, while fighting the fire, is a direct risk to the wearer as most PCMs used are flammable. This article reports a solution by using aerogel. Thermal Liner fabric was treated with PCM and/or aerogel and then their Thermal properties were analyzed. It has been found that the mean ignition time of PCM-containing Thermal Liner is around 3.3 s in current case while this value significantly increased to 5.5 s when the combination of aerogel and PCM was used. Moreover, the weight of the Liner fabric with aerogel decreased in comparison to PCM-containing Liner. Aerogel also slowed down the spreading of flame in PCM-containing fabric. Aerogel-coated Liner showed superior heat resistance and the combination of aerogel with PCM increased the Thermal resistance of PCM-containing Liner.
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effect of aerogel incorporation in pcm containing Thermal Liner of firefighting garment
Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Lijing Wang, Stanley M. Fergusson, Rajiv PadhyeAbstract:Phase change material (PCM) in firefighting garment enhances protection and comfort. Wearing a protective clothing containing PCM, while fighting the fire, is a direct risk to the wearer as most PC...
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Aerogel nonwoven as reinforcement and batting material for firefighter’s protective clothing: a comparative study
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Rajiv Padhye, Lijing Wang, M. A.rahman BhuyianAbstract:© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature Abstracts: Aerogel, the most insulated solid known to modern science, is gradually expanding its field of application from space shuttle to normal clothing. So far, apparel use of aerogel nonwoven has been successfully commercialized in case of cold weather clothing. Use of aerogel in high heat protective clothing is much complex as it requires to balance comfort with protection. This paper studied the protective performance of aerogel nonwoven in a high heat protective apparel, firefighter’s protective clothing (FPC). An investigation was carried out to justify its use as reinforcement material and/or batting in Thermal Liner or moisture barrier of FPC. Impressive results were observed in case of reducing the risk of burn injury, increasing comfort and enhancing protection. It was observed that aerogel nonwoven can provide eight times more Thermal resistance than existing commercial reinforcement material and existing Thermal batting material. When the aerogel nonwoven layer was used as Thermal Liner, it offered five times more resistance to heat than existing Thermal Liner and three times more resistance than combined performance of existing Thermal Liner and moisture barrier. The possible burn injury under 49 N compressive load was predicted on a 200 °C heated surface. It was found that the temperature behind the commercial reinforcement material quickly raised above 70 °C within 30 s of contact, while it took more than 4 min to reach the same temperature for proposed aerogel reinforcement material. This indicates that a firefighter will receive instant burn on contact in 30 s if only the commercial reinforcement material is used. It was measured that, without any reinforcement material even when only the aerogel nonwoven is used instead of current batting material, a firefighter will have 86 s before feeling any pain, 107 s before receiving first-degree burn and will have 2 and half minutes before theoretically receiving second-degree burn at the same condition. Thus, a firefighter will gain more than 1 min of escape time to withdraw from a danger situation, where it is only 5 s for existing Thermal Liner and reinforcement material. Performance was also evaluated against fabric thickness and weight, air permeability, resistance to one-way liquid transfer, moisture management, moisture vapour transfer and degree of evaporative cooling. The advantages and disadvantages of proposed combination have been discussed and it was concluded that the use of aerogel reinforcement can significantly increase the protective performance of FPC. Abstracts: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
Guowen Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an exploration of enhancing Thermal protective clothing performance by incorporating aerogel and phase change materials
Fire and Materials, 2017Co-Authors: Hui Zhang, Guowen Song, Hui SuAbstract:Summary Thermal Liners play a critical role in Thermal protective performance for firefighter gear. Effective engineering of textile material is necessary to enhance this protective performance. A modified Thermal protective erformance (TPP) tester was used to study the influence of incorporating aerogel and microencapsulated phase change materials (MPCMs) in Thermal Liners (including a traditional Thermal Liner, phase-change layer, and aerogel layer) and the relevant parameters associated with enhanced Thermal Liner performance. Two different phase-transition temperature (45°C and 50°C) of MPCM were selected. The samples were exposed to a medium intensity radiation of 15 kW/m2 for 240 seconds, and a skin burn model was applied for second-degree burn prediction. Given the selected, results showed that the best TPP in this study was achieved when the phase-transition temperature of MPCM was 45°C and the layering order consisted of the traditional Thermal layer (closest to heat source), followed by an aerogel layer, and a final MPCM layer. The predicted second-degree burn time was 218.3 seconds and increased by 90% compared with only containing traditional Thermal Liner with a thickness of 5 mm. For all 3 materials contained in the Thermal Liner, the relationship between absorbed energy and predicted second-degree skin burn time indicated that they had a remarkable negative linear correlation (R2 was 0.9792). The experimental data and predicted results were in good agreement, with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9911. The findings provide a scientific basis for future textile engineering and a novel approach to improve TPP.
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An exploration of enhancing Thermal protective clothing performance by incorporating aerogel and phase change materials
Fire and Materials, 2017Co-Authors: Hui Zhang, Haitao Ren, Hui Su, Guowen Song, Juan CaoAbstract:Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Thermal Liners play a critical role in Thermal protective performance for firefighter gear. Effective engineering of textile material is necessary to enhance this protective performance. A modified Thermal protective erformance (TPP) tester was used to study the influence of incorporating aerogel and microencapsulated phase change materials (MPCMs) in Thermal Liners (including a traditional Thermal Liner, phase-change layer, and aerogel layer) and the relevant parameters associated with enhanced Thermal Liner performance. Two different phase-transition temperature (45°C and 50°C) of MPCM were selected. The samples were exposed to a medium intensity radiation of 15 kW/m 2 for 240 seconds, and a skin burn model was applied for second-degree burn prediction. Given the selected, results showed that the best TPP in this study was achieved when the phase-transition temperature of MPCM was 45°C and the layering order consisted of the traditional Thermal layer (closest to heat source), followed by an aerogel layer, and a final MPCM layer. The predicted second-degree burn time was 218.3 seconds and increased by 90% compared with only containing traditional Thermal Liner with a thickness of 5 mm. For all 3 materials contained in the Thermal Liner, the relationship between absorbed energy and predicted second-degree skin burn time indicated that they had a remarkable negative linear correlation (R 2 was 0.9792). The experimental data and predicted results were in good agreement, with a correlation coefficient (R 2 ) of 0.9911. The findings provide a scientific basis for future textile engineering and a novel approach to improve TPP.
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Characterizing Thermal protective fabrics of firefighters’ clothing in hot surface contact:
Journal of Industrial Textiles, 2016Co-Authors: Sumit Mandal, Guowen SongAbstract:This study characterizes the Thermal protective fabrics of firefighters’ clothing under the exposure of hot surface contact. For this, Thermal protective performance of different fabrics was evaluated using a laboratory-simulated hot surface contact test, and various factors affecting the performance were statistically identified. Additionally, heat transfer mechanisms during testing were analytically and mathematically modeled. It has been found that fabric’s constructional features and properties are the key factors to affect its Thermal protective performance. In this study, the presence of a thicker Thermal Liner in a layered fabric system resulted in higher performance; in contrast, a multi-layered fabric system incorporating a moisture barrier in its outer layer displayed the lowest performance. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that a fabric’s air permeability has a minimal impact on performance, whereas weight, thickness, and Thermal resistance have a significant positive impact on performance. Bas...
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Characterizing factors affecting the hot liquid penetration performance of fabrics for protective clothing
Textile Research Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Yehu Lu, Guowen Song, Hongbo Zeng, Ling Zhang, Jun LiAbstract:Hot liquid hazards present in work environments are well known to be a considerable risk in workplace safety for numerous industries. In this work, the effects of different liquids and temperatures on penetration performance of fabrics were investigated, and the influence of impingement angle on protective performance of liquid penetration was also studied. Several kinds of fabrics for protective clothing were used to characterize the penetration behaviors of protective materials. The results showed the liquid temperature had a significant impact on the stored and penetrated amount of liquids. Different liquids can lead to distinct damage to fabrics. The impingement angle affects liquid transfer (storage and penetration) through the fabric. The addition of a Thermal Liner or moisture barrier can sharply decrease the penetration. The results provide new insights into the development of functional garments/materials and better methods for evaluating the performance of these materials under hazardous work environments.
Lijing Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aerogel nonwoven as reinforcement and batting material for firefighter’s protective clothing: a comparative study
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Rajiv Padhye, Lijing Wang, M. A.rahman BhuyianAbstract:Aerogel, the most insulated solid known to modern science, is gradually expanding its field of application from space shuttle to normal clothing. So far, apparel use of aerogel nonwoven has been successfully commercialized in case of cold weather clothing. Use of aerogel in high heat protective clothing is much complex as it requires to balance comfort with protection. This paper studied the protective performance of aerogel nonwoven in a high heat protective apparel, firefighter’s protective clothing (FPC). An investigation was carried out to justify its use as reinforcement material and/or batting in Thermal Liner or moisture barrier of FPC. Impressive results were observed in case of reducing the risk of burn injury, increasing comfort and enhancing protection. It was observed that aerogel nonwoven can provide eight times more Thermal resistance than existing commercial reinforcement material and existing Thermal batting material. When the aerogel nonwoven layer was used as Thermal Liner, it offered five times more resistance to heat than existing Thermal Liner and three times more resistance than combined performance of existing Thermal Liner and moisture barrier. The possible burn injury under 49 N compressive load was predicted on a 200 °C heated surface. It was found that the temperature behind the commercial reinforcement material quickly raised above 70 °C within 30 s of contact, while it took more than 4 min to reach the same temperature for proposed aerogel reinforcement material. This indicates that a firefighter will receive instant burn on contact in 30 s if only the commercial reinforcement material is used. It was measured that, without any reinforcement material even when only the aerogel nonwoven is used instead of current batting material, a firefighter will have 86 s before feeling any pain, 107 s before receiving first-degree burn and will have 2 and half minutes before theoretically receiving second-degree burn at the same condition. Thus, a firefighter will gain more than 1 min of escape time to withdraw from a danger situation, where it is only 5 s for existing Thermal Liner and reinforcement material. Performance was also evaluated against fabric thickness and weight, air permeability, resistance to one-way liquid transfer, moisture management, moisture vapour transfer and degree of evaporative cooling. The advantages and disadvantages of proposed combination have been discussed and it was concluded that the use of aerogel reinforcement can significantly increase the protective performance of FPC. Aerogel nonwoven substrate is lighter and has excellent compressive heat resistance as a reinforcement material, and also superior Thermal performance compared to the existing commercial Thermal Liner, multilayer batting, and the combination of face cloth, Thermal Liner and moisture barrier for a firefighter garment. Aerogel nonwoven (A) showed superior performance over existing reinforcement material (Rinf) and Thermal Liner (F+B1) for firefighter’s protective clothing. In particular, aerogel nonwoven has Over eight times more Thermal resistance than ‘Rinf’; Excellent compressive heat resistance before receiving burn (A = more than 2.5 min, Rinf = 19 s); Better air permeability (A = 12.4 mL/cm^2/s@50 Pa, Rinf = Nil); and Enhanced evaporative cooling (Ret of A = 17.5 Pa m^2/W, Rinf = Infinite).
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Aerogel nonwoven as reinforcement and batting material for firefighter's protective clothing: a comparative study
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Rajiv Padhye, Lijing Wang, M. A.rahman BhuyianAbstract:Aerogel, the most insulated solid known to modern science, is gradually expanding its field of application from space shuttle to normal clothing. So far, apparel use of aerogel nonwoven has been successfully commercialized in case of cold weather clothing. Use of aerogel in high heat protective clothing is much complex as it requires to balance comfort with protection. This paper studied the protective performance of aerogel nonwoven in a high heat protective apparel, firefighter’s protective clothing (FPC). An investigation was carried out to justify its use as reinforcement material and/or batting in Thermal Liner or moisture barrier of FPC. Impressive results were observed in case of reducing the risk of burn injury, increasing comfort and enhancing protection. It was observed that aerogel nonwoven can provide eight times more Thermal resistance than existing commercial reinforcement material and existing Thermal batting material. When the aerogel nonwoven layer was used as Thermal Liner, it offered five times more resistance to heat than existing Thermal Liner and three times more resistance than combined performance of existing Thermal Liner and moisture barrier. The possible burn injury under 49 N compressive load was predicted on a 200 °C heated surface. It was found that the temperature behind the commercial reinforcement material quickly raised above 70 °C within 30 s of contact, while it took more than 4 min to reach the same temperature for proposed aerogel reinforcement material. This indicates that a firefighter will receive instant burn on contact in 30 s if only the commercial reinforcement material is used. It was measured that, without any reinforcement material even when only the aerogel nonwoven is used instead of current batting material, a firefighter will have 86 s before feeling any pain, 107 s before receiving first-degree burn and will have 2 and half minutes before theoretically receiving second-degree burn at the same condition. Thus, a firefighter will gain more than 1 min of escape time to withdraw from a danger situation, where it is only 5 s for existing Thermal Liner and reinforcement material. Performance was also evaluated against fabric thickness and weight, air permeability, resistance to one-way liquid transfer, moisture management, moisture vapour transfer and degree of evaporative cooling. The advantages and disadvantages of proposed combination have been discussed and it was concluded that the use of aerogel reinforcement can significantly increase the protective performance of FPC.
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Effect of Aerogel Incorporation in PCM-Containing Thermal Liner of Firefighting Garment:
Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Lijing Wang, Stanley M. Fergusson, Rajiv PadhyeAbstract:Phase change material (PCM) in firefighting garment enhances protection and comfort. Wearing a protective clothing containing PCM, while fighting the fire, is a direct risk to the wearer as most PCMs used are flammable. This article reports a solution by using aerogel. Thermal Liner fabric was treated with PCM and/or aerogel and then their Thermal properties were analyzed. It has been found that the mean ignition time of PCM-containing Thermal Liner is around 3.3 s in current case while this value significantly increased to 5.5 s when the combination of aerogel and PCM was used. Moreover, the weight of the Liner fabric with aerogel decreased in comparison to PCM-containing Liner. Aerogel also slowed down the spreading of flame in PCM-containing fabric. Aerogel-coated Liner showed superior heat resistance and the combination of aerogel with PCM increased the Thermal resistance of PCM-containing Liner.
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effect of aerogel incorporation in pcm containing Thermal Liner of firefighting garment
Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Lijing Wang, Stanley M. Fergusson, Rajiv PadhyeAbstract:Phase change material (PCM) in firefighting garment enhances protection and comfort. Wearing a protective clothing containing PCM, while fighting the fire, is a direct risk to the wearer as most PC...
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Aerogel nonwoven as reinforcement and batting material for firefighter’s protective clothing: a comparative study
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Rajiv Padhye, Lijing Wang, M. A.rahman BhuyianAbstract:© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature Abstracts: Aerogel, the most insulated solid known to modern science, is gradually expanding its field of application from space shuttle to normal clothing. So far, apparel use of aerogel nonwoven has been successfully commercialized in case of cold weather clothing. Use of aerogel in high heat protective clothing is much complex as it requires to balance comfort with protection. This paper studied the protective performance of aerogel nonwoven in a high heat protective apparel, firefighter’s protective clothing (FPC). An investigation was carried out to justify its use as reinforcement material and/or batting in Thermal Liner or moisture barrier of FPC. Impressive results were observed in case of reducing the risk of burn injury, increasing comfort and enhancing protection. It was observed that aerogel nonwoven can provide eight times more Thermal resistance than existing commercial reinforcement material and existing Thermal batting material. When the aerogel nonwoven layer was used as Thermal Liner, it offered five times more resistance to heat than existing Thermal Liner and three times more resistance than combined performance of existing Thermal Liner and moisture barrier. The possible burn injury under 49 N compressive load was predicted on a 200 °C heated surface. It was found that the temperature behind the commercial reinforcement material quickly raised above 70 °C within 30 s of contact, while it took more than 4 min to reach the same temperature for proposed aerogel reinforcement material. This indicates that a firefighter will receive instant burn on contact in 30 s if only the commercial reinforcement material is used. It was measured that, without any reinforcement material even when only the aerogel nonwoven is used instead of current batting material, a firefighter will have 86 s before feeling any pain, 107 s before receiving first-degree burn and will have 2 and half minutes before theoretically receiving second-degree burn at the same condition. Thus, a firefighter will gain more than 1 min of escape time to withdraw from a danger situation, where it is only 5 s for existing Thermal Liner and reinforcement material. Performance was also evaluated against fabric thickness and weight, air permeability, resistance to one-way liquid transfer, moisture management, moisture vapour transfer and degree of evaporative cooling. The advantages and disadvantages of proposed combination have been discussed and it was concluded that the use of aerogel reinforcement can significantly increase the protective performance of FPC. Abstracts: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
M. A.rahman Bhuyian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aerogel nonwoven as reinforcement and batting material for firefighter’s protective clothing: a comparative study
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Rajiv Padhye, Lijing Wang, M. A.rahman BhuyianAbstract:Aerogel, the most insulated solid known to modern science, is gradually expanding its field of application from space shuttle to normal clothing. So far, apparel use of aerogel nonwoven has been successfully commercialized in case of cold weather clothing. Use of aerogel in high heat protective clothing is much complex as it requires to balance comfort with protection. This paper studied the protective performance of aerogel nonwoven in a high heat protective apparel, firefighter’s protective clothing (FPC). An investigation was carried out to justify its use as reinforcement material and/or batting in Thermal Liner or moisture barrier of FPC. Impressive results were observed in case of reducing the risk of burn injury, increasing comfort and enhancing protection. It was observed that aerogel nonwoven can provide eight times more Thermal resistance than existing commercial reinforcement material and existing Thermal batting material. When the aerogel nonwoven layer was used as Thermal Liner, it offered five times more resistance to heat than existing Thermal Liner and three times more resistance than combined performance of existing Thermal Liner and moisture barrier. The possible burn injury under 49 N compressive load was predicted on a 200 °C heated surface. It was found that the temperature behind the commercial reinforcement material quickly raised above 70 °C within 30 s of contact, while it took more than 4 min to reach the same temperature for proposed aerogel reinforcement material. This indicates that a firefighter will receive instant burn on contact in 30 s if only the commercial reinforcement material is used. It was measured that, without any reinforcement material even when only the aerogel nonwoven is used instead of current batting material, a firefighter will have 86 s before feeling any pain, 107 s before receiving first-degree burn and will have 2 and half minutes before theoretically receiving second-degree burn at the same condition. Thus, a firefighter will gain more than 1 min of escape time to withdraw from a danger situation, where it is only 5 s for existing Thermal Liner and reinforcement material. Performance was also evaluated against fabric thickness and weight, air permeability, resistance to one-way liquid transfer, moisture management, moisture vapour transfer and degree of evaporative cooling. The advantages and disadvantages of proposed combination have been discussed and it was concluded that the use of aerogel reinforcement can significantly increase the protective performance of FPC. Aerogel nonwoven substrate is lighter and has excellent compressive heat resistance as a reinforcement material, and also superior Thermal performance compared to the existing commercial Thermal Liner, multilayer batting, and the combination of face cloth, Thermal Liner and moisture barrier for a firefighter garment. Aerogel nonwoven (A) showed superior performance over existing reinforcement material (Rinf) and Thermal Liner (F+B1) for firefighter’s protective clothing. In particular, aerogel nonwoven has Over eight times more Thermal resistance than ‘Rinf’; Excellent compressive heat resistance before receiving burn (A = more than 2.5 min, Rinf = 19 s); Better air permeability (A = 12.4 mL/cm^2/s@50 Pa, Rinf = Nil); and Enhanced evaporative cooling (Ret of A = 17.5 Pa m^2/W, Rinf = Infinite).
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Aerogel nonwoven as reinforcement and batting material for firefighter's protective clothing: a comparative study
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Rajiv Padhye, Lijing Wang, M. A.rahman BhuyianAbstract:Aerogel, the most insulated solid known to modern science, is gradually expanding its field of application from space shuttle to normal clothing. So far, apparel use of aerogel nonwoven has been successfully commercialized in case of cold weather clothing. Use of aerogel in high heat protective clothing is much complex as it requires to balance comfort with protection. This paper studied the protective performance of aerogel nonwoven in a high heat protective apparel, firefighter’s protective clothing (FPC). An investigation was carried out to justify its use as reinforcement material and/or batting in Thermal Liner or moisture barrier of FPC. Impressive results were observed in case of reducing the risk of burn injury, increasing comfort and enhancing protection. It was observed that aerogel nonwoven can provide eight times more Thermal resistance than existing commercial reinforcement material and existing Thermal batting material. When the aerogel nonwoven layer was used as Thermal Liner, it offered five times more resistance to heat than existing Thermal Liner and three times more resistance than combined performance of existing Thermal Liner and moisture barrier. The possible burn injury under 49 N compressive load was predicted on a 200 °C heated surface. It was found that the temperature behind the commercial reinforcement material quickly raised above 70 °C within 30 s of contact, while it took more than 4 min to reach the same temperature for proposed aerogel reinforcement material. This indicates that a firefighter will receive instant burn on contact in 30 s if only the commercial reinforcement material is used. It was measured that, without any reinforcement material even when only the aerogel nonwoven is used instead of current batting material, a firefighter will have 86 s before feeling any pain, 107 s before receiving first-degree burn and will have 2 and half minutes before theoretically receiving second-degree burn at the same condition. Thus, a firefighter will gain more than 1 min of escape time to withdraw from a danger situation, where it is only 5 s for existing Thermal Liner and reinforcement material. Performance was also evaluated against fabric thickness and weight, air permeability, resistance to one-way liquid transfer, moisture management, moisture vapour transfer and degree of evaporative cooling. The advantages and disadvantages of proposed combination have been discussed and it was concluded that the use of aerogel reinforcement can significantly increase the protective performance of FPC.
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Aerogel nonwoven as reinforcement and batting material for firefighter’s protective clothing: a comparative study
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Abu Shaid, Rajiv Padhye, Lijing Wang, M. A.rahman BhuyianAbstract:© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature Abstracts: Aerogel, the most insulated solid known to modern science, is gradually expanding its field of application from space shuttle to normal clothing. So far, apparel use of aerogel nonwoven has been successfully commercialized in case of cold weather clothing. Use of aerogel in high heat protective clothing is much complex as it requires to balance comfort with protection. This paper studied the protective performance of aerogel nonwoven in a high heat protective apparel, firefighter’s protective clothing (FPC). An investigation was carried out to justify its use as reinforcement material and/or batting in Thermal Liner or moisture barrier of FPC. Impressive results were observed in case of reducing the risk of burn injury, increasing comfort and enhancing protection. It was observed that aerogel nonwoven can provide eight times more Thermal resistance than existing commercial reinforcement material and existing Thermal batting material. When the aerogel nonwoven layer was used as Thermal Liner, it offered five times more resistance to heat than existing Thermal Liner and three times more resistance than combined performance of existing Thermal Liner and moisture barrier. The possible burn injury under 49 N compressive load was predicted on a 200 °C heated surface. It was found that the temperature behind the commercial reinforcement material quickly raised above 70 °C within 30 s of contact, while it took more than 4 min to reach the same temperature for proposed aerogel reinforcement material. This indicates that a firefighter will receive instant burn on contact in 30 s if only the commercial reinforcement material is used. It was measured that, without any reinforcement material even when only the aerogel nonwoven is used instead of current batting material, a firefighter will have 86 s before feeling any pain, 107 s before receiving first-degree burn and will have 2 and half minutes before theoretically receiving second-degree burn at the same condition. Thus, a firefighter will gain more than 1 min of escape time to withdraw from a danger situation, where it is only 5 s for existing Thermal Liner and reinforcement material. Performance was also evaluated against fabric thickness and weight, air permeability, resistance to one-way liquid transfer, moisture management, moisture vapour transfer and degree of evaporative cooling. The advantages and disadvantages of proposed combination have been discussed and it was concluded that the use of aerogel reinforcement can significantly increase the protective performance of FPC. Abstracts: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]