The Experts below are selected from a list of 324 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Xiangming He - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mitigating Thermal Runaway of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Joule, 2020Co-Authors: Xuning Feng, Xiangming He, Minggao OuyangAbstract:Summary This paper summarizes the mitigation strategies for the Thermal Runaway of lithium-ion batteries. The mitigation strategies function at the material level, cell level, and system level. A time-sequence map with states and flows that describe the evolution of the physical and/or chemical processes has been proposed to interpret the mechanisms, both at the cell level and at the system level. At the cell level, the time-sequence map helps clarify the relationship between Thermal Runaway and fire. At the system level, the time-sequence map depicts the relationship between the expected Thermal Runaway propagation and the undesired fire pathway. Mitigation strategies are fulfilled by cutting off a specific transformation flow between the states in the time sequence map. The abuse conditions that may trigger Thermal Runaway are also summarized for the complete protection of lithium-ion batteries. This perspective provides directions for guaranteeing the safety of lithium-ion batteries for electrical energy storage applications in the future.
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A comparative investigation of aging effects on Thermal Runaway behavior of lithium-ion batteries
eTransportation, 2019Co-Authors: Ruihe Li, Xuning Feng, Languang Lu, Xiangming HeAbstract:Abstract Thermal Runaway is a major concern for the large-scale application of lithium-ion batteries. The Thermal Runaway performance of lithium-ion batteries not only depends on materials and cell design, but also changes with degradation. This paper presents a comparative investigation of the aging effects on the Thermal Runaway behavior of a large format lithium-ion battery. The batteries are first degraded under four different aging paths. The aging mechanisms are then investigated through post-mortem analysis on the battery at the end of life, by comparing the electrochemical properties, morphology and composition of the fresh and degraded electrodes. The Thermal stabilities of the fresh and degraded electrodes are also evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry. Adiabatic Thermal Runaway tests are performed on the batteries at different states of health using accelerating rate calorimetry to reveal the evolution of battery Thermal Runaway performance under the four degradation paths. Finally, the correlations between the aging mechanism and the changes in battery Thermal Runaway behavior are summarized. The results show that the Thermal stability of the anode+electrolyte thermodynamic system exhibits obvious changes, which contribute to the evolution of battery Thermal Runaway performance, while the Thermal stability of the cathode remained unchanged. Lithium plating turns out to be the key reason for the deterioration of battery Thermal Runaway performance during aging process.
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key characteristics for Thermal Runaway of li ion batteries
Energy Procedia, 2019Co-Authors: Xuning Feng, Xiangming He, Siqi Zheng, Li Wang, Maogang Li, Minggao OuyangAbstract:Abstract The lithium ion batteries are having increasing energy densities, meeting the requirement from industry, especially for the electric vehicles. However, a cell with a higher energy density is more prone to Thermal Runaway. We analyze the key characteristics during Thermal Runaway to help better define battery Thermal Runaway. Three characteristic temperatures are regarded as the common features of Thermal Runaway for all kinds of lithium ion batteries. The underlying mechanisms for the three characteristic temperatures have been investigated by Thermal analysis. The conclusion of the analysis set benchmarks for evaluating the Thermal Runaway behaviors of commercial lithium-ion batteries, and the proposed methodologies benefits further research and development of battery safety design for electric vehicles.
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Time Sequence Map for Interpreting the Thermal Runaway Mechanism of Lithium-Ion Batteries With LiNixCoyMnzO2 Cathode
Frontiers in Energy Research, 2018Co-Authors: Xuning Feng, Xiangming He, Siqi Zheng, Li Wang, Yu Wang, Minggao OuyangAbstract:Thermal Runaway is one of the key failure reasons for the lithium-ion batteries. The potential of Thermal Runaway in applications increases when the industry starts to use high energy LiNixCoyMnzO2 cathode. The Thermal Runaway mechanism is still unclear, because the side reactions are complex. Heat generation during Thermal Runaway can be caused by the decomposition of individual cell components, or by interactive reactions between multiple components. This paper tries to comb the heat sources during Thermal Runaway using a novel method named the “Time Sequence Map” (TSM). The TSM tracks the heat sources according to the notion of thermodynamic systems. The thermodynamic system means a combination of materials that stay and react together, and generate heat independently without interruptions from other thermodynamic systems. With the help of the defined thermodynamic systems, researchers will be rescued from being trapped in the complex reactions, and the heat sources during Thermal Runaway can be clearly explained from bottom up. The Thermal Runaway results for two battery samples demonstrate the validity of the TSM. The TSM shows the heat sources including that: 1) fire, 2) internal short circuit, 3) oxidation-reduction reaction between the cathode and anode, etc. The contributions for the heat sources to the Thermal Runaway are further discussed. Conclusions come to: 1) the major heat source is the oxidation-reduction reaction; 2) the fire releases lots of heat, but most of the heat is not to heat the cell itself; 3) the internal short circuit is critical to trigger the oxidation-reduction reaction; 4) the internal short circuit is not the major heat source that heat the cell to 800℃ or higher; 5) the oxidation-reduction reaction is triggered when the temperature reaches a critical temperature. The TSM helps depict the frontiers in the researches of battery Thermal Runaway. It suggests that we focus on: 1) the relationship between internal short circuit and Thermal Runaway; 2) the mechanism of the oxidation-reduction reaction between the cathode and anode; 3) the detailed reaction mechanisms for a specific thermodynamic system within the cell.
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Thermal Runaway of lithium ion batteries without internal short circuit
Joule, 2018Co-Authors: Xuning Feng, Languang Lu, Xiangming He, Guiliang Xu, Minghao Zhuang, Jianqiu Li, Khalil Amine, Minggao OuyangAbstract:Summary We demonstrate herein that not only internal short circuiting, but also chemical crossover, is the mechanism behind Thermal Runaway that can occur in lithium-ion batteries due to abuse conditions. In situ experiments showed that during Thermal Runaway, the cathode releases oxygen by a phase transition, and this oxygen is consumed by the lithiated anode. The released highly oxidative gas reacts with reductive LiCx with tremendous heat generation centered at 274.2°C with heat flow of 87.8 W g−1. To confirm the proposed mechanism, we froze a battery undergoing the Thermal Runaway process by liquid nitrogen and subjected it to detailed post-test analysis. Our results revealed the hidden Thermal Runaway mechanism of chemical crossover between the battery components without a severe internal short circuit. These findings provide an important insight into the rational design of automotive lithium-ion batteries as well as solid-state batteries.
Xuning Feng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mitigating Thermal Runaway of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Joule, 2020Co-Authors: Xuning Feng, Xiangming He, Minggao OuyangAbstract:Summary This paper summarizes the mitigation strategies for the Thermal Runaway of lithium-ion batteries. The mitigation strategies function at the material level, cell level, and system level. A time-sequence map with states and flows that describe the evolution of the physical and/or chemical processes has been proposed to interpret the mechanisms, both at the cell level and at the system level. At the cell level, the time-sequence map helps clarify the relationship between Thermal Runaway and fire. At the system level, the time-sequence map depicts the relationship between the expected Thermal Runaway propagation and the undesired fire pathway. Mitigation strategies are fulfilled by cutting off a specific transformation flow between the states in the time sequence map. The abuse conditions that may trigger Thermal Runaway are also summarized for the complete protection of lithium-ion batteries. This perspective provides directions for guaranteeing the safety of lithium-ion batteries for electrical energy storage applications in the future.
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A comparative investigation of aging effects on Thermal Runaway behavior of lithium-ion batteries
eTransportation, 2019Co-Authors: Ruihe Li, Xuning Feng, Languang Lu, Xiangming HeAbstract:Abstract Thermal Runaway is a major concern for the large-scale application of lithium-ion batteries. The Thermal Runaway performance of lithium-ion batteries not only depends on materials and cell design, but also changes with degradation. This paper presents a comparative investigation of the aging effects on the Thermal Runaway behavior of a large format lithium-ion battery. The batteries are first degraded under four different aging paths. The aging mechanisms are then investigated through post-mortem analysis on the battery at the end of life, by comparing the electrochemical properties, morphology and composition of the fresh and degraded electrodes. The Thermal stabilities of the fresh and degraded electrodes are also evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry. Adiabatic Thermal Runaway tests are performed on the batteries at different states of health using accelerating rate calorimetry to reveal the evolution of battery Thermal Runaway performance under the four degradation paths. Finally, the correlations between the aging mechanism and the changes in battery Thermal Runaway behavior are summarized. The results show that the Thermal stability of the anode+electrolyte thermodynamic system exhibits obvious changes, which contribute to the evolution of battery Thermal Runaway performance, while the Thermal stability of the cathode remained unchanged. Lithium plating turns out to be the key reason for the deterioration of battery Thermal Runaway performance during aging process.
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key characteristics for Thermal Runaway of li ion batteries
Energy Procedia, 2019Co-Authors: Xuning Feng, Xiangming He, Siqi Zheng, Li Wang, Maogang Li, Minggao OuyangAbstract:Abstract The lithium ion batteries are having increasing energy densities, meeting the requirement from industry, especially for the electric vehicles. However, a cell with a higher energy density is more prone to Thermal Runaway. We analyze the key characteristics during Thermal Runaway to help better define battery Thermal Runaway. Three characteristic temperatures are regarded as the common features of Thermal Runaway for all kinds of lithium ion batteries. The underlying mechanisms for the three characteristic temperatures have been investigated by Thermal analysis. The conclusion of the analysis set benchmarks for evaluating the Thermal Runaway behaviors of commercial lithium-ion batteries, and the proposed methodologies benefits further research and development of battery safety design for electric vehicles.
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Time Sequence Map for Interpreting the Thermal Runaway Mechanism of Lithium-Ion Batteries With LiNixCoyMnzO2 Cathode
Frontiers in Energy Research, 2018Co-Authors: Xuning Feng, Xiangming He, Siqi Zheng, Li Wang, Yu Wang, Minggao OuyangAbstract:Thermal Runaway is one of the key failure reasons for the lithium-ion batteries. The potential of Thermal Runaway in applications increases when the industry starts to use high energy LiNixCoyMnzO2 cathode. The Thermal Runaway mechanism is still unclear, because the side reactions are complex. Heat generation during Thermal Runaway can be caused by the decomposition of individual cell components, or by interactive reactions between multiple components. This paper tries to comb the heat sources during Thermal Runaway using a novel method named the “Time Sequence Map” (TSM). The TSM tracks the heat sources according to the notion of thermodynamic systems. The thermodynamic system means a combination of materials that stay and react together, and generate heat independently without interruptions from other thermodynamic systems. With the help of the defined thermodynamic systems, researchers will be rescued from being trapped in the complex reactions, and the heat sources during Thermal Runaway can be clearly explained from bottom up. The Thermal Runaway results for two battery samples demonstrate the validity of the TSM. The TSM shows the heat sources including that: 1) fire, 2) internal short circuit, 3) oxidation-reduction reaction between the cathode and anode, etc. The contributions for the heat sources to the Thermal Runaway are further discussed. Conclusions come to: 1) the major heat source is the oxidation-reduction reaction; 2) the fire releases lots of heat, but most of the heat is not to heat the cell itself; 3) the internal short circuit is critical to trigger the oxidation-reduction reaction; 4) the internal short circuit is not the major heat source that heat the cell to 800℃ or higher; 5) the oxidation-reduction reaction is triggered when the temperature reaches a critical temperature. The TSM helps depict the frontiers in the researches of battery Thermal Runaway. It suggests that we focus on: 1) the relationship between internal short circuit and Thermal Runaway; 2) the mechanism of the oxidation-reduction reaction between the cathode and anode; 3) the detailed reaction mechanisms for a specific thermodynamic system within the cell.
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Thermal Runaway of lithium ion batteries without internal short circuit
Joule, 2018Co-Authors: Xuning Feng, Languang Lu, Xiangming He, Guiliang Xu, Minghao Zhuang, Jianqiu Li, Khalil Amine, Minggao OuyangAbstract:Summary We demonstrate herein that not only internal short circuiting, but also chemical crossover, is the mechanism behind Thermal Runaway that can occur in lithium-ion batteries due to abuse conditions. In situ experiments showed that during Thermal Runaway, the cathode releases oxygen by a phase transition, and this oxygen is consumed by the lithiated anode. The released highly oxidative gas reacts with reductive LiCx with tremendous heat generation centered at 274.2°C with heat flow of 87.8 W g−1. To confirm the proposed mechanism, we froze a battery undergoing the Thermal Runaway process by liquid nitrogen and subjected it to detailed post-test analysis. Our results revealed the hidden Thermal Runaway mechanism of chemical crossover between the battery components without a severe internal short circuit. These findings provide an important insight into the rational design of automotive lithium-ion batteries as well as solid-state batteries.
Basudeb Saha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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causes and consequences of Thermal Runaway incidents will they ever be avoided
Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2015Co-Authors: Rim Saada, Dipesh Patel, Basudeb SahaAbstract:Abstract A study of Runaway incidents involving Thermal chemical reactions in the UK over the past 25 years (1988–2013) has been carried out. The objective of this study is to determine possible causes of Thermal Runaway incidents. A statistical analysis of the underlying problems that led to Thermal Runaway incidents has been provided. A comparison of the current study on Thermal Runaway incidents with those identified prior to 1988 has been carried out. This study clearly shows that lessons have not been learnt from Thermal Runaway incidents caused by operator errors, management failures and lack of organised operating procedures. These factors have been the possible causes of about 77% of all the Thermal Runaway incidents analysed in this study. The number of fatalities and injuries as a result of Thermal Runaway incidents has increased by ∼325% and ∼279%, respectively, in the last 25 years even though the number of incidents was significantly less. On the basis of this analysis, several recommendations have been proposed that could help to minimise the risks associated with any Thermal Runaway incidents in the future.
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Causes and consequences of Thermal Runaway incidents—Will they ever be avoided?
Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2015Co-Authors: Rim Saada, Dipesh Patel, Basudeb SahaAbstract:Abstract A study of Runaway incidents involving Thermal chemical reactions in the UK over the past 25 years (1988–2013) has been carried out. The objective of this study is to determine possible causes of Thermal Runaway incidents. A statistical analysis of the underlying problems that led to Thermal Runaway incidents has been provided. A comparison of the current study on Thermal Runaway incidents with those identified prior to 1988 has been carried out. This study clearly shows that lessons have not been learnt from Thermal Runaway incidents caused by operator errors, management failures and lack of organised operating procedures. These factors have been the possible causes of about 77% of all the Thermal Runaway incidents analysed in this study. The number of fatalities and injuries as a result of Thermal Runaway incidents has increased by ∼325% and ∼279%, respectively, in the last 25 years even though the number of incidents was significantly less. On the basis of this analysis, several recommendations have been proposed that could help to minimise the risks associated with any Thermal Runaway incidents in the future.
Siqi Zheng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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key characteristics for Thermal Runaway of li ion batteries
Energy Procedia, 2019Co-Authors: Xuning Feng, Xiangming He, Siqi Zheng, Li Wang, Maogang Li, Minggao OuyangAbstract:Abstract The lithium ion batteries are having increasing energy densities, meeting the requirement from industry, especially for the electric vehicles. However, a cell with a higher energy density is more prone to Thermal Runaway. We analyze the key characteristics during Thermal Runaway to help better define battery Thermal Runaway. Three characteristic temperatures are regarded as the common features of Thermal Runaway for all kinds of lithium ion batteries. The underlying mechanisms for the three characteristic temperatures have been investigated by Thermal analysis. The conclusion of the analysis set benchmarks for evaluating the Thermal Runaway behaviors of commercial lithium-ion batteries, and the proposed methodologies benefits further research and development of battery safety design for electric vehicles.
-
Time Sequence Map for Interpreting the Thermal Runaway Mechanism of Lithium-Ion Batteries With LiNixCoyMnzO2 Cathode
Frontiers in Energy Research, 2018Co-Authors: Xuning Feng, Xiangming He, Siqi Zheng, Li Wang, Yu Wang, Minggao OuyangAbstract:Thermal Runaway is one of the key failure reasons for the lithium-ion batteries. The potential of Thermal Runaway in applications increases when the industry starts to use high energy LiNixCoyMnzO2 cathode. The Thermal Runaway mechanism is still unclear, because the side reactions are complex. Heat generation during Thermal Runaway can be caused by the decomposition of individual cell components, or by interactive reactions between multiple components. This paper tries to comb the heat sources during Thermal Runaway using a novel method named the “Time Sequence Map” (TSM). The TSM tracks the heat sources according to the notion of thermodynamic systems. The thermodynamic system means a combination of materials that stay and react together, and generate heat independently without interruptions from other thermodynamic systems. With the help of the defined thermodynamic systems, researchers will be rescued from being trapped in the complex reactions, and the heat sources during Thermal Runaway can be clearly explained from bottom up. The Thermal Runaway results for two battery samples demonstrate the validity of the TSM. The TSM shows the heat sources including that: 1) fire, 2) internal short circuit, 3) oxidation-reduction reaction between the cathode and anode, etc. The contributions for the heat sources to the Thermal Runaway are further discussed. Conclusions come to: 1) the major heat source is the oxidation-reduction reaction; 2) the fire releases lots of heat, but most of the heat is not to heat the cell itself; 3) the internal short circuit is critical to trigger the oxidation-reduction reaction; 4) the internal short circuit is not the major heat source that heat the cell to 800℃ or higher; 5) the oxidation-reduction reaction is triggered when the temperature reaches a critical temperature. The TSM helps depict the frontiers in the researches of battery Thermal Runaway. It suggests that we focus on: 1) the relationship between internal short circuit and Thermal Runaway; 2) the mechanism of the oxidation-reduction reaction between the cathode and anode; 3) the detailed reaction mechanisms for a specific thermodynamic system within the cell.
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probing the heat sources during Thermal Runaway process by Thermal analysis of different battery chemistries
Journal of Power Sources, 2018Co-Authors: Siqi Zheng, Xuning Feng, Li Wang, Xiangming HeAbstract:Abstract Safety issue is very important for the lithium ion battery used in electric vehicle or other applications. This paper probes the heat sources in the Thermal Runaway processes of lithium ion batteries composed of different chemistries using accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The adiabatic Thermal Runaway features for the 4 types of commercial lithium ion batteries are tested using ARC, whereas the reaction characteristics of the component materials, including the cathode, the anode and the separator, inside the 4 types of batteries are measured using DSC. The peaks and valleys of the critical component reactions measured by DSC can match the fluctuations in the temperature rise rate measured by ARC, therefore the relevance between the DSC curves and the ARC curves is utilized to probe the heat source in the Thermal Runaway process and reveal the Thermal Runaway mechanisms. The results and analysis indicate that internal short circuit is not the only way to Thermal Runaway, but can lead to extra electrical heat, which is comparable with the heat released by chemical reactions. The analytical approach of the Thermal Runaway mechanisms in this paper can guide the safety design of commercial lithium ion batteries.
Rim Saada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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causes and consequences of Thermal Runaway incidents will they ever be avoided
Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2015Co-Authors: Rim Saada, Dipesh Patel, Basudeb SahaAbstract:Abstract A study of Runaway incidents involving Thermal chemical reactions in the UK over the past 25 years (1988–2013) has been carried out. The objective of this study is to determine possible causes of Thermal Runaway incidents. A statistical analysis of the underlying problems that led to Thermal Runaway incidents has been provided. A comparison of the current study on Thermal Runaway incidents with those identified prior to 1988 has been carried out. This study clearly shows that lessons have not been learnt from Thermal Runaway incidents caused by operator errors, management failures and lack of organised operating procedures. These factors have been the possible causes of about 77% of all the Thermal Runaway incidents analysed in this study. The number of fatalities and injuries as a result of Thermal Runaway incidents has increased by ∼325% and ∼279%, respectively, in the last 25 years even though the number of incidents was significantly less. On the basis of this analysis, several recommendations have been proposed that could help to minimise the risks associated with any Thermal Runaway incidents in the future.
-
Causes and consequences of Thermal Runaway incidents—Will they ever be avoided?
Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2015Co-Authors: Rim Saada, Dipesh Patel, Basudeb SahaAbstract:Abstract A study of Runaway incidents involving Thermal chemical reactions in the UK over the past 25 years (1988–2013) has been carried out. The objective of this study is to determine possible causes of Thermal Runaway incidents. A statistical analysis of the underlying problems that led to Thermal Runaway incidents has been provided. A comparison of the current study on Thermal Runaway incidents with those identified prior to 1988 has been carried out. This study clearly shows that lessons have not been learnt from Thermal Runaway incidents caused by operator errors, management failures and lack of organised operating procedures. These factors have been the possible causes of about 77% of all the Thermal Runaway incidents analysed in this study. The number of fatalities and injuries as a result of Thermal Runaway incidents has increased by ∼325% and ∼279%, respectively, in the last 25 years even though the number of incidents was significantly less. On the basis of this analysis, several recommendations have been proposed that could help to minimise the risks associated with any Thermal Runaway incidents in the future.
