The Experts below are selected from a list of 39 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Sabina Ibarrola - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Community-based HIV prevention interventions that combat anti-gay stigma for men who have sex with men and for transgender women
Journal of Public Health Policy, 2013Co-Authors: Sean Cahill, Robert Valadéz, Sabina IbarrolaAbstract:Men who have sex with men (MSM) have been disproportionately affected by HIV since the onset of the epidemic. Public health discourse about prevention has traditionally focused on individual risk behavior and less on the socio-structural factors that place MSM at increased risk of infection. Anti-gay bias and stigma are key structural drivers of HIV and must therefore be treated as a public health Threat. Community-based prevention intervention programs that affirm the healthy formation of gay and transgender identities are strongly needed. Gay affirming school-based interventions and resiliency-focused social marketing campaigns have shown positive impact on health outcomes and should be implemented on a broader scale to challenge anti-gay stigma.
David Coyles - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The security-Threat-Community
City, 2017Co-Authors: David CoylesAbstract:At the height of ‘the Troubles’ in 1976 social-housing in Belfast was in a crisis situation as communities consolidated along ethnic boundaries, often with violent consequences, with some communiti...
-
Social-Housing-Policy as Military-Security-Strategy
2016Co-Authors: David CoylesAbstract:At the height of ‘the Troubles’ in 1977 social-housing in Belfast was in a crisis situation. As inner-city communities became ‘battlespaces’ of a wider and violent political conflict, social-housing settlements consolidated along ethnic boundaries. These processes revised the urban form of the inner-city resulting in divisive material forms which continue to segregate large sections of Belfast’s population. Current post-conflict policy frameworks identify the consequent ‘Interfaces’ and ‘Peace-walls’ as primary physical barriers to conflict transformation processes. This paper presents findings from an UK Arts and Humanities Research Council funded project that challenges this current critique. Through qualitative analysis of previously classified government documents, alongside practice-led architectural fieldwork investigations within Belfast’s inner-city communities, this paper presents new evidence of a much wider and undisclosed government programme of urban segregation. The examination reveals the operation of confidential government processes that assessed social-housing provision not in terms of the ‘social-need’ it addressed but in terms of the ‘security-Threat’ it presented. The analysis explains how such security-focused practices were carried out without disclosure to social-housing authorities and illustrates how the impact of these decisions contravened the humanitarian need that socially focused policy was attempting to address. It argues that such processes brought into being the idea of the ‘security-Threat-Community’; a theoretical construct where every person is a potential insurgent and every dwelling a potential security-Threat. These findings are used to provide a critical problematizing of contemporary post-conflict policy that illustrates how the security-Threat-Community provides a contemporary barrier to transformative policy progress. As a complement to post-911 discourses concerning ‘globalised conflicts’ and an increasing dialecticism between civil-liberty and security resilience, the findings reinforce both the primacy and the complexity of local discurvities and argue for a ‘revaluing of the value’ of architecture and urban design as a political instrument in conflict and post-conflict conditions.
Sean Cahill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Community-based HIV prevention interventions that combat anti-gay stigma for men who have sex with men and for transgender women
Journal of Public Health Policy, 2013Co-Authors: Sean Cahill, Robert Valadéz, Sabina IbarrolaAbstract:Men who have sex with men (MSM) have been disproportionately affected by HIV since the onset of the epidemic. Public health discourse about prevention has traditionally focused on individual risk behavior and less on the socio-structural factors that place MSM at increased risk of infection. Anti-gay bias and stigma are key structural drivers of HIV and must therefore be treated as a public health Threat. Community-based prevention intervention programs that affirm the healthy formation of gay and transgender identities are strongly needed. Gay affirming school-based interventions and resiliency-focused social marketing campaigns have shown positive impact on health outcomes and should be implemented on a broader scale to challenge anti-gay stigma.
Robert Valadéz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Community-based HIV prevention interventions that combat anti-gay stigma for men who have sex with men and for transgender women
Journal of Public Health Policy, 2013Co-Authors: Sean Cahill, Robert Valadéz, Sabina IbarrolaAbstract:Men who have sex with men (MSM) have been disproportionately affected by HIV since the onset of the epidemic. Public health discourse about prevention has traditionally focused on individual risk behavior and less on the socio-structural factors that place MSM at increased risk of infection. Anti-gay bias and stigma are key structural drivers of HIV and must therefore be treated as a public health Threat. Community-based prevention intervention programs that affirm the healthy formation of gay and transgender identities are strongly needed. Gay affirming school-based interventions and resiliency-focused social marketing campaigns have shown positive impact on health outcomes and should be implemented on a broader scale to challenge anti-gay stigma.
Christine Arazan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Minority Threat, Community disadvantage and sentencing
Journal of Criminological Research Policy and Practice, 2018Co-Authors: Christine ArazanAbstract:Prior studies of criminal sentencing have largely focused on individual-level predictors of sentencing outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of a variety of theoretically derived Community measurements of social Threat and disadvantage on the criminal sentencing of convicted felons. This analysis permits an evaluation of whether legal ideals such as equality before the law and policy goals of equal treatment for like offenders are achieved.,The study examines data of individuals sentenced in the state of Florida and Community level measurements of racial and ethnic Threat and Community disadvantage. Hierarchical generalized linear model is used to analyze the effect of these measures on the dichotomous in/out imprisonment variable, and standard hierarchical linear regression analysis is used to model the continuous dependent variable of sentence length.,The results provide support for the racial Threat perspective though not for ethnic Threat nor Community disadvantage. The findings and their implications are discussed in terms of theory, research and policy.,Racial disparity in criminal justice practices is receiving increasing public and policy attention, as evidenced by the growing Black Lives Matter movement. Regarding sentencing, racial disparity remains a major research and policy question. While the current research and theoretical literature on sentencing is not conclusive, it is clear that race matters. As a result, racial disparity in sentencing needs to be a priority in subsequent “transitional criminology” efforts between researchers and policy makers to identify, explain and ultimately predict exactly how race impacts sentencing, and how to reduce it as a consideration from sentencing.,This study contributes to a growing body of literature that examines the social context of punishments by using several Community level measurements of Threat and disadvantage, while modeling the two-step sentencing outcome of imprisonment and sentence length.