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Nathaniel M Fried - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thulium fiber laser ablation of urinary stones through small core optical fibers
IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2009Co-Authors: Nicholas J Scott, Christopher M Cilip, Nathaniel M FriedAbstract:Complications during laser lithotripsy include optical fiber bending failure resulting in endoscope damage and low irrigation rates leading to poor visibility. Both problems are related to fiber diameter and limited by the holmium:YAG (Ho:YAG) laser (lambda = 2120 nm) multimode beam profile. This study exploits the Thulium fiber laser (lambda = 1908 nm) beam profile for higher power transmission through smaller fibers. Thulium fiber laser radiation with 1 ms pulse duration, pulse rates of 10-30 Hz, and 70-mu m-diameter spot was coupled into silica fibers with 100, 150, and 200 mum core diameters. Fiber transmission, bending, and endoscope irrigation tests were performed. Damage thresholds for 100, 150, and 200 mum fibers averaged 40, 60, and > 80 W, respectively. Irrigation rates measured 35, 26, and 15 mL/min for no fiber, and 100 and 200 mum fibers. Thulium fiber laser energy of 70 mJ delivered at 20 Hz through a 100 mum fiber resulted in vaporization and fragmentation rates of 10 and 60 mg/min for uric acid stones. The Thulium fiber laser beam profile provides higher laser power through smaller fibers than Ho:YAG laser, potentially reducing fiber failure and endoscope damage, and allowing greater irrigation rates for improved visibility.
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Thulium fiber laser lithotripsy an in vitro analysis of stone fragmentation using a modulated 110 watt Thulium fiber laser at 1 94 µm
Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 2005Co-Authors: Nathaniel M FriedAbstract:Background and Objectives The high-power Thulium fiber laser has previously been shown to rapidly vaporize and coagulate soft urinary tissues (e.g., prostate). This is the first preliminary study of a high-power Thulium fiber laser for fragmentation of urinary stones. Study Design/Materials and Methods A continuous-wave, high-power Thulium fiber laser operating at a wavelength of 1.94 µm, was modulated to operate in pulsed mode with an output pulse energy of 1 J through a 300-µm-core silica fiber at a 20 milliseconds pulse length and repetition rate of 10 Hz. The fragmentation time to reduce uric acid (UA) (n = 13) and calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) (n = 6) stones into particles < 2 mm was measured. Results Mean initial mass of the UA and COM stones measured 860±211 and 763 ± 204 mg. Fragmentation rates measured 388 ± 49 and 25 ± 2 mg/minute. Average time needed to fragment the UA and COM stones into particles < 2 mm was 2.25 ± 0.63 and 30.7 ± 8.4 minutes, respectively. Conclusions The high-power Thulium fiber laser, when operated in pulsed mode, is capable of fragmenting both soft (UA) and hard (COM) urinary stones. The Thulium fiber laser may be useful as a single laser system for use in multiple soft and hard tissue laser ablation applications in urology. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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high power Thulium fiber laser ablation of urinary tissues at 1 94 µm
Journal of Endourology, 2005Co-Authors: Nathaniel M Fried, Keith E MurrayAbstract:Purpose: This paper describes the preliminary testing of a new laser, the Thulium fiber laser, as a potential replacement for the holmium:YAG laser for multiple applications in urology. Materials and Methods: A 40 W Thulium fiber laser operating at a wavelength of 1.94 µm delivered radiation in a continuous-wave or pulsed mode (10 msec) through either 300-µm- or 600-µm-core low-OH silica fibers for vaporization of canine prostate and incision of animal ureter and bladder-neck tissues. Results: The Thulium fiber laser vaporized prostate tissue at a rate of 0.21 ± 0.02 g/min. The thermal-coagulation zone measured 500 to 2000 µm, demonstrating the potential for hemostasis. Laser incisions were also made in bladder tissue and ureter, with coagulation zones of 400 to 600 µm. Conclusions: The Thulium fiber laser has several potential advantages over the holmium laser, including smaller size, more efficient operation, more precise incision of tissues, and operation in either the pulsed or the continuous-wave mod...
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high power laser vaporization of the canine prostate using a 110 w Thulium fiber laser at 1 91 μm
Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 2005Co-Authors: Nathaniel M FriedAbstract:Introduction The Thulium fiber laser may have several advantages over current urology lasers, including smaller size, more efficient operation, improved spatial beam quality, more precise tissue incision, and operation in pulsed or continuous-wave modes. Previous laser-tissue interaction studies utilizing the Thulium fiber laser have been limited to laser powers of less than 5 W, restricting potential medical applications. This study describes the preliminary testing of a high-power Thulium fiber laser for vaporization of the canine prostate, ex vivo. Study Design/Materials and Methods A continuous-wave, 110-W Thulium fiber laser operating at a wavelength of 1.91 μm, delivered 88.5±2.3 W of power through a 600-μm-core silica fiber for non-contact vaporization of canine prostates (n = 6). Results The Thulium fiber laser vaporized prostate tissue at a rate of 0.83±0.11 g/minute. The thermal coagulation zone measured 500–2,000 μm, demonstrating the potential for hemostasis. Conclusions The high-power Thulium fiber laser is capable of rapid vaporization and coagulation of the prostate. In vivo animal studies are currently being planned for evaluation of the Thulium fiber laser for potential treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Lasers Surg. Med. 36:52–56, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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high power laser vaporization of the canine prostate using a 110 w Thulium fiber laser at 1 91 microm
Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 2005Co-Authors: Nathaniel M FriedAbstract:Introduction The Thulium fiber laser may have several advantages over current urology lasers, including smaller size, more efficient operation, improved spatial beam quality, more precise tissue incision, and operation in pulsed or continuous-wave modes. Previous laser-tissue interaction studies utilizing the Thulium fiber laser have been limited to laser powers of less than 5 W, restricting potential medical applications. This study describes the preliminary testing of a high-power Thulium fiber laser for vaporization of the canine prostate, ex vivo. Study Design/Materials and Methods A continuous-wave, 110-W Thulium fiber laser operating at a wavelength of 1.91 μm, delivered 88.5±2.3 W of power through a 600-μm-core silica fiber for non-contact vaporization of canine prostates (n = 6). Results The Thulium fiber laser vaporized prostate tissue at a rate of 0.83±0.11 g/minute. The thermal coagulation zone measured 500–2,000 μm, demonstrating the potential for hemostasis. Conclusions The high-power Thulium fiber laser is capable of rapid vaporization and coagulation of the prostate. In vivo animal studies are currently being planned for evaluation of the Thulium fiber laser for potential treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Lasers Surg. Med. 36:52–56, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Etienne Xavier Keller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thulium fiber laser the new player for kidney stone treatment a comparison with holmium yag laser
World Journal of Urology, 2020Co-Authors: Olivier Traxer, Etienne Xavier KellerAbstract:To compare the operating modes of the Holmium:YAG laser and Thulium fiber laser. Additionally, currently available literature on Thulium fiber laser lithotripsy is reviewed. Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles relating to the operating modes of Holmium:YAG and Thulium fiber lasers, including systematic review of articles on Thulium fiber laser lithotripsy. The laser beam emerging from the Holmium:YAG laser involves fundamental architectural design constraints compared to the Thulium fiber laser. These differences translate into multiple potential advantages in favor of the Thulium fiber laser: four-fold higher absorption coefficient in water, smaller operating laser fibers (50–150 µm core diameter), lower energy per pulse (as low as 0.025 J), and higher maximal pulse repetition rate (up to 2000 Hz). Multiple comparative in vitro studies suggest a 1.5–4 times faster stone ablation rate in favor of the Thulium fiber laser. The Thulium fiber laser overcomes the main limitations reported with the Holmium:YAG laser relating to lithotripsy, based on preliminary in vitro studies. This innovative laser technology seems particularly advantageous for ureteroscopy and may become an important milestone for kidney stone treatment.
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Thulium fiber laser: the new player for kidney stone treatment? A comparison with Holmium:YAG laser
World Journal of Urology, 2019Co-Authors: Olivier Traxer, Etienne Xavier KellerAbstract:PurposeTo compare the operating modes of the Holmium:YAG laser and Thulium fiber laser. Additionally, currently available literature on Thulium fiber laser lithotripsy is reviewed.Materials and methodsMedline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles relating to the operating modes of Holmium:YAG and Thulium fiber lasers, including systematic review of articles on Thulium fiber laser lithotripsy.ResultsThe laser beam emerging from the Holmium:YAG laser involves fundamental architectural design constraints compared to the Thulium fiber laser. These differences translate into multiple potential advantages in favor of the Thulium fiber laser: four-fold higher absorption coefficient in water, smaller operating laser fibers (50–150 µm core diameter), lower energy per pulse (as low as 0.025 J), and higher maximal pulse repetition rate (up to 2000 Hz). Multiple comparative in vitro studies suggest a 1.5–4 times faster stone ablation rate in favor of the Thulium fiber laser.ConclusionsThe Thulium fiber laser overcomes the main limitations reported with the Holmium:YAG laser relating to lithotripsy, based on preliminary in vitro studies. This innovative laser technology seems particularly advantageous for ureteroscopy and may become an important milestone for kidney stone treatment.
Olivier Traxer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of laser fiber diameter and irrigation fluids on induced bubble stream dynamics with Thulium fiber laser an in vitro study
Journal of Endourology, 2020Co-Authors: F Panthier, Steeve Doizi, Cyril Gorny, Laurent Berthe, Olivier TraxerAbstract:Objectives: The Thulium Fiber Laser (TFL) is studied as an alternative to the holmium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Ho:YAG) laser for lithotripsy, with the advantage of an induced bubble stream (IBS). ...
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Thulium fiber laser the new player for kidney stone treatment a comparison with holmium yag laser
World Journal of Urology, 2020Co-Authors: Olivier Traxer, Etienne Xavier KellerAbstract:To compare the operating modes of the Holmium:YAG laser and Thulium fiber laser. Additionally, currently available literature on Thulium fiber laser lithotripsy is reviewed. Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles relating to the operating modes of Holmium:YAG and Thulium fiber lasers, including systematic review of articles on Thulium fiber laser lithotripsy. The laser beam emerging from the Holmium:YAG laser involves fundamental architectural design constraints compared to the Thulium fiber laser. These differences translate into multiple potential advantages in favor of the Thulium fiber laser: four-fold higher absorption coefficient in water, smaller operating laser fibers (50–150 µm core diameter), lower energy per pulse (as low as 0.025 J), and higher maximal pulse repetition rate (up to 2000 Hz). Multiple comparative in vitro studies suggest a 1.5–4 times faster stone ablation rate in favor of the Thulium fiber laser. The Thulium fiber laser overcomes the main limitations reported with the Holmium:YAG laser relating to lithotripsy, based on preliminary in vitro studies. This innovative laser technology seems particularly advantageous for ureteroscopy and may become an important milestone for kidney stone treatment.
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Thulium fiber laser: the new player for kidney stone treatment? A comparison with Holmium:YAG laser
World Journal of Urology, 2019Co-Authors: Olivier Traxer, Etienne Xavier KellerAbstract:PurposeTo compare the operating modes of the Holmium:YAG laser and Thulium fiber laser. Additionally, currently available literature on Thulium fiber laser lithotripsy is reviewed.Materials and methodsMedline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles relating to the operating modes of Holmium:YAG and Thulium fiber lasers, including systematic review of articles on Thulium fiber laser lithotripsy.ResultsThe laser beam emerging from the Holmium:YAG laser involves fundamental architectural design constraints compared to the Thulium fiber laser. These differences translate into multiple potential advantages in favor of the Thulium fiber laser: four-fold higher absorption coefficient in water, smaller operating laser fibers (50–150 µm core diameter), lower energy per pulse (as low as 0.025 J), and higher maximal pulse repetition rate (up to 2000 Hz). Multiple comparative in vitro studies suggest a 1.5–4 times faster stone ablation rate in favor of the Thulium fiber laser.ConclusionsThe Thulium fiber laser overcomes the main limitations reported with the Holmium:YAG laser relating to lithotripsy, based on preliminary in vitro studies. This innovative laser technology seems particularly advantageous for ureteroscopy and may become an important milestone for kidney stone treatment.
Pu Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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high power mid infrared supercontinuum generation in a single mode zblan fiber with up to 21 8 w average output power
Optics Express, 2014Co-Authors: Kun Liu, Jiang Liu, Hongxing Shi, Fangzhou Tan, Pu WangAbstract:We report high power mid-infrared (mid-IR) supercontinuum (SC) generation in a single-mode ZBLAN (ZrF4-BaF2-LaF3-AlF3-NaF) fiber with up to 21.8 W average output power from 1.9 to beyond 3.8 μm pumped by amplified picosecond pulses from a single-mode Thulium-doped fiber (TDF) master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA). The optical-optical conversion efficiency from the 793 nm pump laser of the last stage Thulium-doped fiber amplifier (TDFA) to mid-IR SC output is 17%. It is, to the best of our knowledge, the highest average power mid-IR SC generation from a ZBLAN fiber to date.
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210 w single frequency single polarization Thulium doped all fiber mopa
Optics Express, 2014Co-Authors: Jiang Liu, Hongxing Shi, Kun Liu, Yubin Hou, Pu WangAbstract:A high-power single-frequency, single-polarization, Thulium-doped all-fiber master-oscillator power-amplifier (MOPA) is demonstrated by using all-polarization-maintaining (all-PM) Thulium-doped fiber and all-PM-fiber components. The MOPA yielded 210 W of single-frequency, linear-polarized laser output at central wavelength of 2000.9 nm with a polarization extinction ratio (PER) of >17 dB. No indication of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) could be observed at the highest output power level, and the output power was only currently limited by available pump power. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of average output power exceeding 200 W from a single-frequency, single-polarization, Thulium-doped all-fiber laser at 2 µm wavelength region.
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high average power picosecond pulse generation from a Thulium doped all fiber mopa system
Optics Express, 2012Co-Authors: Jiang Liu, Qian Wang, Pu WangAbstract:We report a stable highly-integrated high power picosecond Thulium-doped all-fiber MOPA system without using conventional chirped pulse amplification technique. The master oscillator was passively mode-locked by a SESAM to generate average power of 15 mW at a fundamental repetition rate of 103 MHz in a short linear cavity, and a uniform narrow bandwidth FBG is employed to stabilize the passively mode-locked laser operation. Two-stage double-clad Thulium-doped all-fiber amplifiers were used directly to boost average power to 20.7 W. The laser center wavelength was 1962.8 nm and the pulse width was 18 ps. The single pulse energy and peak-power after the amplication were 200 nJ and 11.2 kW respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest average power ever reported for a picosecond Thulium-doped all-fiber MOPA system.
N. Peyghambarian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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efficient Thulium doped 2 spl mu m germanate fiber laser
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2006Co-Authors: Shibin Jiang, N. Peyghambarian, Tao Luo, Jihong Geng, Norman P BarnesAbstract:We report an efficient fiber laser operating near 2 /spl mu/m. The glass for the fiber is germanate that is highly doped with Thulium. The effect of cross relaxation energy transfer between Thulium ions as observed from emission spectrum of the glass samples results in the laser having a very high slope efficiency of 58% with respect to launched power. This corresponds to a quantum efficiency of 1.79, indicating that each pump photon leads to near 1.8 excited Tm/sup 3+/ ions.
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2μm lasing from highly Thulium doped tellurite glass microsphere
Applied Physics Letters, 2005Co-Authors: Jianfeng Wu, Shibin Jiang, Makoto Kuwatagonokami, N. PeyghambarianAbstract:A single mode microsphere laser at 2μm is demonstrated from a highly Thulium doped tellurite glass microsphere. Glass samples with various doping concentrations are fabricated and characterized to choose the material with the highest pump efficiency. The laser wavelength is redshifted from the emission peak of Thulium ions at 1800 nm due to the different mode distribution inside the microsphere. The laser line width (full width at half maximum) is measured as 115 MHz.
