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B E Elewski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Tinea Capitis: a current perspective.
    Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2020
    Co-Authors: B E Elewski
    Abstract:

    During the past 50 years, the predominant etiologic agent of Tinea Capitis in the United States and in Western Europe has changed from Microsporum audouinii to Trichophyton tonsurans. This is thought to be due in part to the sensitivity of M audouinii to griseofulvin treatment and, in part, due to the importing of T tonsurans by people emigrating from geographic areas where that vector had been the prominent cause of Tinea Capitis. With these changes, prospects for newer therapies with the novel antimycotic agents itraconazole, fluconazole, and terbinafine are reviewed. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;42:1-20.) At the conclusion of this learning activity, participants should be familiar with the history, epidemiology, and current knowledge of Tinea Capitis, as well as the newer antifungal agents (ie, itraconazole, fluconazole, and terbinafine) to treat this infection.

  • Treatment of Tinea Capitis
    Skin Appendage Disorders, 2019
    Co-Authors: Amena Alkeswani, Wendy Cantrell, B E Elewski
    Abstract:

    Tinea Capitis is a common fungal infection of the hair of the scalp affecting predominately prepubertal children. In the US, griseofulvin has been considered a first-line therapy agent for Tinea Capitis since the 1960s. However, it has been falling out of favor due to significant treatment failure, high cost, and long duration of treatment. Other antifungal agents have been researched as an alternative to griseofulvin. This paper will review the relevant pharmacologic properties, dosing, cost, efficacy, and adverse events profile for griseofulvin, terbinafine, itraconazole, fluconazole, and some adjuvant therapy options such as selenium sulfide shampoos and topical ketoconazole.

  • Tinea Capitis : Fluconazole in trichophyton tonsurans infection
    Pediatric Dermatology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Mary Gail Mercurio, Robert A. Silverman, B E Elewski
    Abstract:

    : Tinea Capitis is the most common dermatophyte infection in children. Trichophyton tonsurans is the most common etiologic agent in the United States, and for more than four decades the standard therapy has been griseofulvin. The availability of newer, and often more effective, antifungal drugs creates the opportunity for choice and the ability to optimally tailor treatment for a particular patient. Fluconazole is an azole antifungal drug available in a pleasant, well-tolerated, liquid formulation ideal for the pediatric population. It has a good safety profile and is approved in the United States for use in children, although not for Tinea Capitis. We present five patients with Tinea Capitis successfully treated with fluconazole.

  • Tinea Capitis in adult women masquerading as bacterial pyoderma.
    Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Elizabeth S Martin, B E Elewski
    Abstract:

    Abstract Tinea Capitis is generally thought to be a common disease in children but not in adults. Adults with Tinea Capitis generally present with scale and alopecia. We report 3 adults with inflammatory Tinea Capitis caused by Trichophyton tonsurans that resembled a bacterial infection. Of these patients, 2 were initially given a diagnosis of bacterial pyoderma. All patients were successfully treated with oral antifungal agents. One patient had significant eosinophilia that resolved with treatment. We conclude that Tinea Capitis should remain in the differential diagnosis of adults with alopecia and pyoderma-like presentations. A biopsy specimen was helpful in making the diagnosis in 2 of the 3 patients, but fungal culture confirmed the diagnosis in all cases.

  • Tinea Capitis a current perspective
    Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology, 2000
    Co-Authors: B E Elewski
    Abstract:

    Abstract During the past 50 years, the predominant etiologic agent of Tinea Capitis in the United States and in Western Europe has changed from Microsporum audouinii to Trichophyton tonsurans . This is thought to be due in part to the sensitivity of M audouinii to griseofulvin treatment and, in part, due to the importing of T tonsurans by people emigrating from geographic areas where that vector had been the prominent cause of Tinea Capitis. With these changes, prospects for newer therapies with the novel antimycotic agents itraconazole, fluconazole, and terbinafine are reviewed. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;42:1-20.) Learning Objective: At the conclusion of this learning activity, participants should be familiar with the history, epidemiology, and current knowledge of Tinea Capitis, as well as the newer antifungal agents (ie, itraconazole, fluconazole, and terbinafine) to treat this infection.

Dietrich Abeck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Tinea Capitis - ein ungelostes Problem
    Fortschritte der praktischen Dermatologie und Venerologie, 2020
    Co-Authors: Dietrich Abeck, Matthias Möhrenschlager
    Abstract:

    Die Tinea Capitis stellt aufgrund ihrer Bevorzugung des jungen Alters, ihrer hohen Infektiositat sowie Besonderheiten der Therapie fur den Dermatologen eine besondere Herausforderung dar. Obwohl in Deutschland derzeit allein Griseofulvin die Zulassung zur Behandlung einer Tinea Capitis besitzt, versprechen die neueren Antimykotika, insbesondere Itraconazol, eine deutliche Verkurzung der Therapiedauer.

  • Tinea Capitis ringworm of the scalp
    Mycoses, 2007
    Co-Authors: Claus Seebacher, Dietrich Abeck, Jochen Brasch, Oliver A Cornely, Georg Daeschlein, Isaak Effendy, Gabriele Ginterhanselmayer, Norbert Haake, Gudrun Hamm, Ch Hipler
    Abstract:

    Summary The guideline Tinea Capitis, as passed by three German medical societies, is presented in the present study.

  • Pediatric Tinea Capitis
    American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 2005
    Co-Authors: Matthias Möhrenschlager, J Ring, Hans Peter Seidl, Dietrich Abeck
    Abstract:

    Tinea Capitis (ringworm of the head) is the most common dermatophytosis of childhood with an increasing incidence worldwide. If suspected clinically, further diagnostic procedures, including direct microscopy and culture, should be performed. Other scalp alterations, such as seborrheic dermatitis, atopic eczema, psoriasis, alopecia areata, folliculitis, and pseudopelade, may mimic ringworm of the head and must be identified. A proven fungal infection of scalp skin and hairs warrants immediate initiation of systemic treatment. At present, only oral griseofulvin is approved for therapy of scalp ringworm in children by health authorities. However, the advent of several newer antifungal agents such as itraconazole, fluconazole, and terbinafine has broadened the therapeutic armamentarium in recent years. These agents offer shorter treatment intervals, and their adverse effects and drug interaction profiles appear to be well within acceptable limits. In patients with Tinea Capitis, systemic therapy at weight-dependent dosages for an appropriate amount of time in conjunction with topical supportive measures will help to prevent disfiguring hair loss, permanent formation of scar tissue, spread of fungal organisms to other cutaneous regions, and infection of other persons.

  • Tinea Capitis. Therapeutic options in the post-griseofulvin era
    Hautarzt, 2002
    Co-Authors: Matthias Möhrenschlager, J Ring, H. P. Seidl, Hans C. Korting, Dietrich Abeck
    Abstract:

    Tinea Capitis is the most common dermatophyte infection during childhood. In Germany, only griseofulvin is approved for therapy by regulatory agencies. In recent years, several newer antifungal agents such as itraconazole, fluconazole and terbinafine have broadened the therapeutic armamentarium and are used for the treatment of childhood Tinea Capitis. Itraconazole and terbinafine seem to be equally or more effective in treatment of Tinea Capitis within a shorter period of time than griseofulvin. Fluconazole is probably also effective for this indication, although supporting data is limited. Encountered side effects as well as interactions with other drugs appear to be well within acceptable limits for all three drugs. In conclusion, systemic therapy of scalp ringworm with itraconazole and terbinafine, as well as perhaps fluconazole, seems to be an equivalent or a superior therapeutic approach as compared to the use of griseofulvin. For the future, regulatory approval for the use of these newer antifungal agents in Tinea Capitis of childhood is recommended.

  • Tinea Capitis of childhood: Incidence and pathogenetic role of Trichophyton tonsurans in Central Europe
    Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Matthias Möhrenschlager, H. P. Seidl, Gabriele Ginter-hanselmayer, Dietrich Abeck
    Abstract:

    (Elewski BE. Tinea Capitis: a current perspective. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;42:1-20). The author reports an increase in the number of pediatric Tinea Capitis infections in the United States and elsewhere in the world. Furthermore, according to the author, current cases of anthropophilic Tinea Capitis in Western Europe are predominantly due to Trichophyton tonsurans. According to our data, we cannot support the author’s estimation, at least for the metropolitan areas of Munich, Germany, and Graz, Austria. From 1995 through 1999, the number of culturepositive childhood causes of Tinea Capitis per year at our outpatient clinics were 139, 132, 121, 87, and 152, respectively. Only in 1995 were two cases of Tinea Capitis caused by T tonsurans identified (unpublished data). Although it is not clear whether this number of detected Tinea Capitis cases presenting to our dermatological departments reflects the situation within the entire community, we do not believe there is a significant increase of Tinea Capitis infections or any substantial role for T tonsurans in eliciting current cases of anthropophilic Tinea Capitis in Central Europe. To elicit the true number of new Tinea Capitis infections as well as the causative fungi, more epidemiologic studies in different parts of the world, including Europe, are warranted.

Lidia Rudnicka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Trichoscopy of Tinea Capitis: A Systematic Review
    Dermatology and Therapy, 2020
    Co-Authors: Anna Waśkiel-burnat, Adriana Rakowska, Mariusz Sikora, Piotr Ciechanowicz, Małgorzata Olszewska, Lidia Rudnicka
    Abstract:

    Introduction An increased incidence of Tinea Capitis has been observed over the last few decades. Trichoscopy is a non-invasive, in-office method helpful in establishing the correct diagnosis in patients with hair loss and inflammatory hair disorders. The objective was to review and analyze current data on the trichoscopy of Tinea Capitis. Methods A systematic review of the literature was conducted using the PubMed, EBSCO and Scopus databases. The search terms included ‘Tinea Capitis’ combined with ‘trichoscopy’, ‘dermatoscopy’, ‘dermoscopy’, ‘videodermatoscopy’ or ‘videodermoscopy’. Results Of 326 articles, 37 were considered eligible for the quantitative analysis. The most characteristic (with a high predictive value) trichoscopic findings of Tinea Capitis included comma hairs (51%), corkscrew hairs (32%), Morse code-like hairs (22%), zigzag hairs (21%), bent hairs (27%), block hairs (10%) and i-hairs (10%). Other common, but not characteristic, trichoscopic features were broken hairs (57%), black dots (34%), perifollicular scaling (59%) and diffuse scaling (89%). Morse code-like hairs, zigzag hairs, bent hairs and diffuse scaling were only observed in Microsporum Tinea Capitis (8/29, 28%; 6/29, 21%; 4/29, 14% and 4/29, 14%, respectively). In Trichophyton Tinea Capitis, corkscrew hairs were more commonly detected compared to Microsporum Tinea Capitis (21/38, 55% vs 3/29, 10%). Conclusion The presence of characteristic trichoscopic features of Tinea Capitis is sufficient to establish the initial diagnosis and introduce treatment before culture results are available. Trichoscopy may be useful in distinguishing between Microsporum and Trichophyton Tinea Capitis.

  • Trichoscopy of Tinea Capitis: A Systematic Review.
    Dermatologic Therapy, 2020
    Co-Authors: Anna Waśkiel-burnat, Adriana Rakowska, Mariusz Sikora, Piotr Ciechanowicz, Małgorzata Olszewska, Lidia Rudnicka
    Abstract:

    An increased incidence of Tinea Capitis has been observed over the last few decades. Trichoscopy is a non-invasive, in-office method helpful in establishing the correct diagnosis in patients with hair loss and inflammatory hair disorders. The objective was to review and analyze current data on the trichoscopy of Tinea Capitis. A systematic review of the literature was conducted using the PubMed, EBSCO and Scopus databases. The search terms included ‘Tinea Capitis’ combined with ‘trichoscopy’, ‘dermatoscopy’, ‘dermoscopy’, ‘videodermatoscopy’ or ‘videodermoscopy’. Of 326 articles, 37 were considered eligible for the quantitative analysis. The most characteristic (with a high predictive value) trichoscopic findings of Tinea Capitis included comma hairs (51%), corkscrew hairs (32%), Morse code-like hairs (22%), zigzag hairs (21%), bent hairs (27%), block hairs (10%) and i-hairs (10%). Other common, but not characteristic, trichoscopic features were broken hairs (57%), black dots (34%), perifollicular scaling (59%) and diffuse scaling (89%). Morse code-like hairs, zigzag hairs, bent hairs and diffuse scaling were only observed in Microsporum Tinea Capitis (8/29, 28%; 6/29, 21%; 4/29, 14% and 4/29, 14%, respectively). In Trichophyton Tinea Capitis, corkscrew hairs were more commonly detected compared to Microsporum Tinea Capitis (21/38, 55% vs 3/29, 10%). The presence of characteristic trichoscopic features of Tinea Capitis is sufficient to establish the initial diagnosis and introduce treatment before culture results are available. Trichoscopy may be useful in distinguishing between Microsporum and Trichophyton Tinea Capitis.

Sheila Fallon Friedlander - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • new treatments for Tinea Capitis
    Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases, 2004
    Co-Authors: Yuinchew Chan, Sheila Fallon Friedlander
    Abstract:

    PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Tinea Capitis, a dermatophyte infection involving the hair shaft on the scalp, is primarily a disease of preadolescent children. The predominant pathogen varies according to the geographical location. Trichophyton tonsurans and Microsporum canis account for the majority of infections in north America and certain parts of Europe. The current standard of care for the treatment of Tinea Capitis in the USA is oral griseofulvin, but evidence is accumulating that some of the newer antifungal agents may also be useful. RECENT FINDINGS: The newer oral antifungal agents such as terbinafine, itraconazole and fluconazole seem to be effective, safe, and have the advantage of a shorter treatment duration. Although a significant number of clinical studies and reports have documented experience with terbinafine and itraconazole for the treatment of Tinea Capitis, it should be noted that only a few trials have been conducted utilizing fluconazole. Both 2% ketoconazole and 1% selenium sulfide shampoos are often recommended as adjuvant topical therapy. SUMMARY: Currently, many experts consider griseofulvin to be the drug of choice for Tinea Capitis. Short-term terbinafine, itraconazole and fluconazole therapy have been shown to be comparable in efficacy and safety with griseofulvin. Regular epidemiological surveillance of causative fungal organisms in the community and their antifungal susceptibility is an essential component in the management of this condition.

  • Tinea Capitis update a continuing conflict with an old adversary
    Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 2001
    Co-Authors: Bryan K Chen, Sheila Fallon Friedlander
    Abstract:

    : Infection with Tinea Capitis in childhood is a common, age-old problem that continues to plague patients and their families. As is true for most infectious diseases, the epidemiology of Tinea Capitis is in a constant state of flux and varies considerably with respect to geography and specific patient populations. Trichophyton tonsurans is now the most common cause of Tinea Capitis in the United States. A recent epidemiologic observation is a striking increase in the incidence of Tinea Capitis, particularly among African-Americans. Clinical studies over the past decade that have investigated the response of Tinea Capitis to griseofulvin, the mainstay treatment for this condition, suggest a decrease in sensitivity to this pharmacologic agent, in association with this new epidemiology. Important advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Tinea Capitis include a renewed interest in the use of the cotton swab method of diagnosing fungal cultures in children, and the ongoing investigation of promising new medications for the treatment of Tinea Capitis, including terbinafine, itraconazole, and fluconazole in this era of resistant organisms.

  • Tinea Capitis—Past, present, and future
    Current Problems in Pediatrics, 2000
    Co-Authors: Sheila Fallon Friedlander
    Abstract:

    U hroughout history Tinea Capitis has periodically increased in incidence, and at such times the disease has posed a significant public health concern. Recently the epidemiology of Tinea Capitis has changed and new clinical patterns of disease as well as clinical "tolerance" to traditional therapy have developed. Three new oral antifungal agents hold promise as effective, safe alternatives to griseofulvin therapy. Ongoing studies should provide information regarding optimal therapeutic regimens for these agents.

Vincent A Deleo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Tinea Capitis: focus on African American women.
    Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2020
    Co-Authors: Nanette B Silverberg, Jeffrey M Weinberg, Vincent A Deleo
    Abstract:

    Tinea Capitis is a common cutaneous fungal infection in US school children, but adults may be carriers of Tinea pathogens in the scalp. However, few cases of actual Tinea Capitis in adults have been reported in the literature. A retrospective analysis of all adult patients with positive scalp fungal cultures from June 1997 to March 2000 were reviewed. Seventy-nine cases of Tinea Capitis were identified. Nine (11.4%) were adults, 7 of whom were African American women, who were an average of 46 years old (range, 25 to 64 years). Three of these patients had prior exposure to a child with Tinea Capitis. These results suggest that Tinea Capitis affects adult African Americans, particularly women. Widespread scalp culture is indicated for papulosquamous disease and alopecia in this segment of the population.

  • Tinea Capitis focus on african american women
    Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Nanette B Silverberg, Jeffrey M Weinberg, Vincent A Deleo
    Abstract:

    Abstract Tinea Capitis is a common cutaneous fungal infection in US school children, but adults may be carriers of Tinea pathogens in the scalp. However, few cases of actual Tinea Capitis in adults have been reported in the literature. A retrospective analysis of all adult patients with positive scalp fungal cultures from June 1997 to March 2000 were reviewed. Seventy-nine cases of Tinea Capitis were identified. Nine (11.4%) were adults, 7 of whom were African American women, who were an average of 46 years old (range, 25 to 64 years). Three of these patients had prior exposure to a child with Tinea Capitis. These results suggest that Tinea Capitis affects adult African Americans, particularly women. Widespread scalp culture is indicated for papulosquamous disease and alopecia in this segment of the population. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2002;46:S120-4.)