The Experts below are selected from a list of 309 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Stephen J Blackband - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of temperature and aldehyde fixation on Tissue Water diffusion properties studied in an erythrocyte ghost Tissue model
Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Peter E Thelwall, Timothy M Shepherd, Greg J Stanisz, Stephen J BlackbandAbstract:Ex vivo biological sample imaging can complement in vivo MRI studies. Since ex vivo studies are typically performed at room temperature, and samples are frequently preserved by fixation, it is important to understand how environmental and chemical changes dictated by ex vivo studies alter the physical and MR properties of a sample. Diffusion and relaxation time measurements were used to assess the effects of temperature change and aldehyde fixation on the biophysical and MR properties of a model biological Tissue comprised of erythrocyte ghosts suspended in buffer or agarose gel. Sample temperature was varied between 10°C and 37°C. Diffusion MRI data were analyzed with a biophysically appropriate two-compartment exchange model. Temperature change resulted in a complex alteration of Water diffusion properties due to the compartmental nature of Tissues and alteration in membrane permeability. Formaldehyde, Karnovsky's solution, and glutaraldehyde all caused statistically significant changes to the biophysical and MR properties of the samples. Fixation caused large decreases in Water proton T2, which was restored to near prefixation values by washing free fixative from the samples. Water membrane permeability was also significantly altered by fixation. This study demonstrates that relating in vivo MR data to chemically fixed ex vivo data requires an understanding of the effects of sample preparation. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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effects of temperature and aldehyde fixation on Tissue Water diffusion properties studied in an erythrocyte ghost Tissue model
Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Peter E Thelwall, Timothy M Shepherd, Greg J Stanisz, Stephen J BlackbandAbstract:Ex vivo biological sample imaging can complement in vivo MRI studies. Since ex vivo studies are typically performed at room temperature, and samples are frequently preserved by fixation, it is important to understand how environmental and chemical changes dictated by ex vivo studies alter the physical and MR properties of a sample. Diffusion and relaxation time measurements were used to assess the effects of temperature change and aldehyde fixation on the biophysical and MR properties of a model biological Tissue comprised of erythrocyte ghosts suspended in buffer or agarose gel. Sample temperature was varied between 10 degrees C and 37 degrees C. Diffusion MRI data were analyzed with a biophysically appropriate two-compartment exchange model. Temperature change resulted in a complex alteration of Water diffusion properties due to the compartmental nature of Tissues and alteration in membrane permeability. Formaldehyde, Karnovsky's solution, and glutaraldehyde all caused statistically significant changes to the biophysical and MR properties of the samples. Fixation caused large decreases in Water proton T2, which was restored to near prefixation values by washing free fixative from the samples. Water membrane permeability was also significantly altered by fixation. This study demonstrates that relating in vivo MR data to chemically fixed ex vivo data requires an understanding of the effects of sample preparation.
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quantitation of proton nmr spectra of the human brain using Tissue Water as an internal concentration reference
NMR in Biomedicine, 1993Co-Authors: Peter B Barker, Stephen J Blackband, Brian J Soher, John C Chatham, Vincent P Mathews, Nick R BryanAbstract:: The use of cerebral Water as an internal intensity standard for the quantitation of spatially localized proton spectra of the human brain is investigated. The method is validated on standard samples of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) and lactate, and possible sources of error are discussed. Using the STEAM pulse sequence, concentrations of choline, creatine and NAA in frontal lobe white matter are found to be 1.9 +/- 0.5, 10.6 +/- 1.3 and 16.6 +/- 2.3 mumol/g wet wt, respectively, in 10 normal volunteers. In the thalamus, the concentrations are 2.0 +/- 0.4, 11.6 +/- 2.0 and 17.2 +/- 1.3 mumol/g wet wt, respectively. Choline and creatine concentrations are in good agreement with conventional biochemical values: NAA concentrations are found to be three-fold higher, suggesting overlap of the NAA signal with other compounds. Quantitation relative to Tissue Water is a convenient and rapid means of quantitating proton spectra of the human brain.
Sophie X. Deng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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thz and mm wave sensing of corneal Tissue Water content electromagnetic modeling and analysis
IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Zachary D. Taylor, David B Bennett, Priyamvada Tewari, Jean Pierre Hubschman, James Sayre, James Garritano, Shijun Sung, Neha Bajwa, Bryan Nowroozi, Sophie X. DengAbstract:Terahertz (THz) spectral properties of human cornea are explored as a function of central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal Water content, and the clinical utility of THz-based corneal Water content sensing is discussed. Three candidate corneal Tissue Water content (CTWC) perturbations, based on corneal physiology, are investigated that affect the axial Water distribution and total thickness. The THz frequency reflectivity properties of the three CTWC perturbations were simulated and explored with varying system center frequency and bandwidths (Q-factors). The modeling showed that at effective optical path lengths on the order of a wavelength the cornea presents a lossy etalon bordered by air at the anterior and the aqueous humor at the posterior. The simulated standing wave peak-to-valley ratio is pronounced at lower frequencies and its effect on acquired data can be modulated by adjusting the bandwidth of the sensing system. These observations are supported with experimental spectroscopic data. The results suggest that a priori knowledge of corneal thickness can be utilized for accurate assessments of corneal Tissue Water content. The physiologic variation of corneal thickness with respect to the wavelengths spanned by the THz band is extremely limited compared to all other structures in the body making CTWC sensing unique amongst all proposed applications of THz medical imaging.
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thz and mm wave sensing of corneal Tissue Water content in vivo sensing and imaging results
IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Zachary D. Taylor, David B Bennett, Priyamvada Tewari, Jean Pierre Hubschman, James Sayre, James Garritano, Shijun Sung, Neha Bajwa, Bryan Nowroozi, Sophie X. DengAbstract:A pulsed terahertz (THz) imaging system and millimeter-wave reflectometer were used to acquire images and point measurements, respectively, of five rabbit cornea in vivo. These imaging results are the first ever produced of in vivo cornea. A modified version of a standard protocol using a gentle stream of air and a Mylar window was employed to slightly dehydrate healthy cornea. The sensor data and companion central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements were acquired every 10–15 min over the course of two hours using ultrasound pachymmetry.. Statistically significant positive correlations were established between CCT measurements and millimeter wave reflectivity. Local shifts in reflectivity contrast were observed in the THz imagery; however, the THz reflectivity did not display a significant correlation with thickness in the region probed by the 100 GHz and CCT measurements. This is explained in part by a thickness sensitivity at least 10 $\times$ higher in the mm-wave than the THz systems. Stratified media and effective media modeling suggest that the protocol perturbed the thickness and not the corneal Tissue Water content (CTWC). To further explore possible etalon effects, an additional rabbit was euthanized and millimeter wave measurements were obtained during death induced edema. These observations represent the first time that the uncoupled sensing of CTWC and CCT have been achieved in vivo.
Zachary D. Taylor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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non invasive terahertz imaging of Tissue Water content for flap viability assessment
Biomedical Optics Express, 2017Co-Authors: Neha Bajwa, Shijun Sung, Reza Jarrahy, Michael C Fishbein, David Riopelle, Daniel B Ennis, Tara Aghaloo, Maie A St John, Warren S Grundfest, Zachary D. TaylorAbstract:Accurate and early prediction of Tissue viability is the most significant determinant of Tissue flap survival in reconstructive surgery. Perturbation in Tissue Water content (TWC) is a generic component of the Tissue response to such surgeries, and, therefore, may be an important diagnostic target for assessing the extent of flap viability in vivo. We have previously shown that reflective terahertz (THz) imaging, a non-ionizing technique, can generate spatially resolved maps of TWC in superficial soft Tissues, such as cornea and wounds, on the order of minutes. Herein, we report the first in vivo pilot study to investigate the utility of reflective THz TWC imaging for early assessment of skin flap viability. We obtained longitudinal visible and reflective THz imagery comparing 3 bipedicled flaps (i.e. survival model) and 3 fully excised flaps (i.e. failure model) in the dorsal skin of rats over a postoperative period of 7 days. While visual differences between both models manifested 48 hr after surgery, statistically significant (p < 0.05, independent t-test) local differences in TWC contrast were evident in THz flap image sets as early as 24 hr. Excised flaps, histologically confirmed as necrotic, demonstrated a significant, yet localized, reduction in TWC in the flap region compared to non-traumatized skin. In contrast, bipedicled flaps, histologically verified as viable, displayed mostly uniform, unperturbed TWC across the flap Tissue. These results indicate the practical potential of THz TWC sensing to accurately predict flap failure 24 hours earlier than clinical examination.
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thz and mm wave sensing of corneal Tissue Water content electromagnetic modeling and analysis
IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Zachary D. Taylor, David B Bennett, Priyamvada Tewari, Jean Pierre Hubschman, James Sayre, James Garritano, Shijun Sung, Neha Bajwa, Bryan Nowroozi, Sophie X. DengAbstract:Terahertz (THz) spectral properties of human cornea are explored as a function of central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal Water content, and the clinical utility of THz-based corneal Water content sensing is discussed. Three candidate corneal Tissue Water content (CTWC) perturbations, based on corneal physiology, are investigated that affect the axial Water distribution and total thickness. The THz frequency reflectivity properties of the three CTWC perturbations were simulated and explored with varying system center frequency and bandwidths (Q-factors). The modeling showed that at effective optical path lengths on the order of a wavelength the cornea presents a lossy etalon bordered by air at the anterior and the aqueous humor at the posterior. The simulated standing wave peak-to-valley ratio is pronounced at lower frequencies and its effect on acquired data can be modulated by adjusting the bandwidth of the sensing system. These observations are supported with experimental spectroscopic data. The results suggest that a priori knowledge of corneal thickness can be utilized for accurate assessments of corneal Tissue Water content. The physiologic variation of corneal thickness with respect to the wavelengths spanned by the THz band is extremely limited compared to all other structures in the body making CTWC sensing unique amongst all proposed applications of THz medical imaging.
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thz and mm wave sensing of corneal Tissue Water content in vivo sensing and imaging results
IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Zachary D. Taylor, David B Bennett, Priyamvada Tewari, Jean Pierre Hubschman, James Sayre, James Garritano, Shijun Sung, Neha Bajwa, Bryan Nowroozi, Sophie X. DengAbstract:A pulsed terahertz (THz) imaging system and millimeter-wave reflectometer were used to acquire images and point measurements, respectively, of five rabbit cornea in vivo. These imaging results are the first ever produced of in vivo cornea. A modified version of a standard protocol using a gentle stream of air and a Mylar window was employed to slightly dehydrate healthy cornea. The sensor data and companion central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements were acquired every 10–15 min over the course of two hours using ultrasound pachymmetry.. Statistically significant positive correlations were established between CCT measurements and millimeter wave reflectivity. Local shifts in reflectivity contrast were observed in the THz imagery; however, the THz reflectivity did not display a significant correlation with thickness in the region probed by the 100 GHz and CCT measurements. This is explained in part by a thickness sensitivity at least 10 $\times$ higher in the mm-wave than the THz systems. Stratified media and effective media modeling suggest that the protocol perturbed the thickness and not the corneal Tissue Water content (CTWC). To further explore possible etalon effects, an additional rabbit was euthanized and millimeter wave measurements were obtained during death induced edema. These observations represent the first time that the uncoupled sensing of CTWC and CCT have been achieved in vivo.
Neha Bajwa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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non invasive terahertz imaging of Tissue Water content for flap viability assessment
Biomedical Optics Express, 2017Co-Authors: Neha Bajwa, Shijun Sung, Reza Jarrahy, Michael C Fishbein, David Riopelle, Daniel B Ennis, Tara Aghaloo, Maie A St John, Warren S Grundfest, Zachary D. TaylorAbstract:Accurate and early prediction of Tissue viability is the most significant determinant of Tissue flap survival in reconstructive surgery. Perturbation in Tissue Water content (TWC) is a generic component of the Tissue response to such surgeries, and, therefore, may be an important diagnostic target for assessing the extent of flap viability in vivo. We have previously shown that reflective terahertz (THz) imaging, a non-ionizing technique, can generate spatially resolved maps of TWC in superficial soft Tissues, such as cornea and wounds, on the order of minutes. Herein, we report the first in vivo pilot study to investigate the utility of reflective THz TWC imaging for early assessment of skin flap viability. We obtained longitudinal visible and reflective THz imagery comparing 3 bipedicled flaps (i.e. survival model) and 3 fully excised flaps (i.e. failure model) in the dorsal skin of rats over a postoperative period of 7 days. While visual differences between both models manifested 48 hr after surgery, statistically significant (p < 0.05, independent t-test) local differences in TWC contrast were evident in THz flap image sets as early as 24 hr. Excised flaps, histologically confirmed as necrotic, demonstrated a significant, yet localized, reduction in TWC in the flap region compared to non-traumatized skin. In contrast, bipedicled flaps, histologically verified as viable, displayed mostly uniform, unperturbed TWC across the flap Tissue. These results indicate the practical potential of THz TWC sensing to accurately predict flap failure 24 hours earlier than clinical examination.
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thz and mm wave sensing of corneal Tissue Water content electromagnetic modeling and analysis
IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Zachary D. Taylor, David B Bennett, Priyamvada Tewari, Jean Pierre Hubschman, James Sayre, James Garritano, Shijun Sung, Neha Bajwa, Bryan Nowroozi, Sophie X. DengAbstract:Terahertz (THz) spectral properties of human cornea are explored as a function of central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal Water content, and the clinical utility of THz-based corneal Water content sensing is discussed. Three candidate corneal Tissue Water content (CTWC) perturbations, based on corneal physiology, are investigated that affect the axial Water distribution and total thickness. The THz frequency reflectivity properties of the three CTWC perturbations were simulated and explored with varying system center frequency and bandwidths (Q-factors). The modeling showed that at effective optical path lengths on the order of a wavelength the cornea presents a lossy etalon bordered by air at the anterior and the aqueous humor at the posterior. The simulated standing wave peak-to-valley ratio is pronounced at lower frequencies and its effect on acquired data can be modulated by adjusting the bandwidth of the sensing system. These observations are supported with experimental spectroscopic data. The results suggest that a priori knowledge of corneal thickness can be utilized for accurate assessments of corneal Tissue Water content. The physiologic variation of corneal thickness with respect to the wavelengths spanned by the THz band is extremely limited compared to all other structures in the body making CTWC sensing unique amongst all proposed applications of THz medical imaging.
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thz and mm wave sensing of corneal Tissue Water content in vivo sensing and imaging results
IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Zachary D. Taylor, David B Bennett, Priyamvada Tewari, Jean Pierre Hubschman, James Sayre, James Garritano, Shijun Sung, Neha Bajwa, Bryan Nowroozi, Sophie X. DengAbstract:A pulsed terahertz (THz) imaging system and millimeter-wave reflectometer were used to acquire images and point measurements, respectively, of five rabbit cornea in vivo. These imaging results are the first ever produced of in vivo cornea. A modified version of a standard protocol using a gentle stream of air and a Mylar window was employed to slightly dehydrate healthy cornea. The sensor data and companion central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements were acquired every 10–15 min over the course of two hours using ultrasound pachymmetry.. Statistically significant positive correlations were established between CCT measurements and millimeter wave reflectivity. Local shifts in reflectivity contrast were observed in the THz imagery; however, the THz reflectivity did not display a significant correlation with thickness in the region probed by the 100 GHz and CCT measurements. This is explained in part by a thickness sensitivity at least 10 $\times$ higher in the mm-wave than the THz systems. Stratified media and effective media modeling suggest that the protocol perturbed the thickness and not the corneal Tissue Water content (CTWC). To further explore possible etalon effects, an additional rabbit was euthanized and millimeter wave measurements were obtained during death induced edema. These observations represent the first time that the uncoupled sensing of CTWC and CCT have been achieved in vivo.
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reflective terahertz thz imaging system calibration using hydration phantoms
Proceedings of SPIE, 2013Co-Authors: Neha Bajwa, Priyamvada Tewari, James Garritano, Shijun Sung, Bryan Nowroozi, Yoon Kyung Lee, Ashkan Maccabi, Meghedi Babakhanian, Sajan Sanghvi, Rahul S SinghAbstract:Terahertz (THz) hydration sensing continues to gain traction in the medical imaging community due to its unparalleled sensitivity to Tissue Water content. Rapid and accurate detection of fluid shifts following induction of thermal skin burns as well as remote corneal hydration sensing have been previously demonstrated in vivo using reflective, pulsed THz imaging. The hydration contrast sensing capabilities of this technology were recently confirmed in a parallel 7 Tesla Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging study, in which burn areas are associated with increases in local mobile Water content. Successful clinical translation of THz sensing, however, still requires quantitative assessments of system performance measurements, specifically hydration concentration sensitivity, with Tissue substitutes. This research aims to calibrate the sensitivity of a novel, reflective THz system to Tissue Water content through the use of hydration phantoms for quantitative comparisons of THz hydration imagery.Gelatin phantoms were identified as an appropriate Tissue-mimicking model for reflective THz applications, and gel composition, comprising mixtures of Water and protein, was varied between 83% to 95% hydration, a physiologically relevant range. A comparison of four series of gelatin phantom studies demonstrated a positive linear relationship between THz reflectivity and Water concentration, with statistically significant hydration sensitivities (p < .01) ranging between 0.0209 - 0.038% (reflectivity: %hydration). The THz-phantom interaction is simulated with a three-layer model using the Transfer Matrix Method with agreement in hydration trends. Having demonstrated the ability to accurately and noninvasively measure Water content in Tissue equivalent targets with high sensitivity, reflective THz imaging is explored as a potential tool for early detection and intervention of corneal pathologies.
Shijun Sung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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non invasive terahertz imaging of Tissue Water content for flap viability assessment
Biomedical Optics Express, 2017Co-Authors: Neha Bajwa, Shijun Sung, Reza Jarrahy, Michael C Fishbein, David Riopelle, Daniel B Ennis, Tara Aghaloo, Maie A St John, Warren S Grundfest, Zachary D. TaylorAbstract:Accurate and early prediction of Tissue viability is the most significant determinant of Tissue flap survival in reconstructive surgery. Perturbation in Tissue Water content (TWC) is a generic component of the Tissue response to such surgeries, and, therefore, may be an important diagnostic target for assessing the extent of flap viability in vivo. We have previously shown that reflective terahertz (THz) imaging, a non-ionizing technique, can generate spatially resolved maps of TWC in superficial soft Tissues, such as cornea and wounds, on the order of minutes. Herein, we report the first in vivo pilot study to investigate the utility of reflective THz TWC imaging for early assessment of skin flap viability. We obtained longitudinal visible and reflective THz imagery comparing 3 bipedicled flaps (i.e. survival model) and 3 fully excised flaps (i.e. failure model) in the dorsal skin of rats over a postoperative period of 7 days. While visual differences between both models manifested 48 hr after surgery, statistically significant (p < 0.05, independent t-test) local differences in TWC contrast were evident in THz flap image sets as early as 24 hr. Excised flaps, histologically confirmed as necrotic, demonstrated a significant, yet localized, reduction in TWC in the flap region compared to non-traumatized skin. In contrast, bipedicled flaps, histologically verified as viable, displayed mostly uniform, unperturbed TWC across the flap Tissue. These results indicate the practical potential of THz TWC sensing to accurately predict flap failure 24 hours earlier than clinical examination.
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thz and mm wave sensing of corneal Tissue Water content electromagnetic modeling and analysis
IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Zachary D. Taylor, David B Bennett, Priyamvada Tewari, Jean Pierre Hubschman, James Sayre, James Garritano, Shijun Sung, Neha Bajwa, Bryan Nowroozi, Sophie X. DengAbstract:Terahertz (THz) spectral properties of human cornea are explored as a function of central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal Water content, and the clinical utility of THz-based corneal Water content sensing is discussed. Three candidate corneal Tissue Water content (CTWC) perturbations, based on corneal physiology, are investigated that affect the axial Water distribution and total thickness. The THz frequency reflectivity properties of the three CTWC perturbations were simulated and explored with varying system center frequency and bandwidths (Q-factors). The modeling showed that at effective optical path lengths on the order of a wavelength the cornea presents a lossy etalon bordered by air at the anterior and the aqueous humor at the posterior. The simulated standing wave peak-to-valley ratio is pronounced at lower frequencies and its effect on acquired data can be modulated by adjusting the bandwidth of the sensing system. These observations are supported with experimental spectroscopic data. The results suggest that a priori knowledge of corneal thickness can be utilized for accurate assessments of corneal Tissue Water content. The physiologic variation of corneal thickness with respect to the wavelengths spanned by the THz band is extremely limited compared to all other structures in the body making CTWC sensing unique amongst all proposed applications of THz medical imaging.
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thz and mm wave sensing of corneal Tissue Water content in vivo sensing and imaging results
IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Zachary D. Taylor, David B Bennett, Priyamvada Tewari, Jean Pierre Hubschman, James Sayre, James Garritano, Shijun Sung, Neha Bajwa, Bryan Nowroozi, Sophie X. DengAbstract:A pulsed terahertz (THz) imaging system and millimeter-wave reflectometer were used to acquire images and point measurements, respectively, of five rabbit cornea in vivo. These imaging results are the first ever produced of in vivo cornea. A modified version of a standard protocol using a gentle stream of air and a Mylar window was employed to slightly dehydrate healthy cornea. The sensor data and companion central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements were acquired every 10–15 min over the course of two hours using ultrasound pachymmetry.. Statistically significant positive correlations were established between CCT measurements and millimeter wave reflectivity. Local shifts in reflectivity contrast were observed in the THz imagery; however, the THz reflectivity did not display a significant correlation with thickness in the region probed by the 100 GHz and CCT measurements. This is explained in part by a thickness sensitivity at least 10 $\times$ higher in the mm-wave than the THz systems. Stratified media and effective media modeling suggest that the protocol perturbed the thickness and not the corneal Tissue Water content (CTWC). To further explore possible etalon effects, an additional rabbit was euthanized and millimeter wave measurements were obtained during death induced edema. These observations represent the first time that the uncoupled sensing of CTWC and CCT have been achieved in vivo.
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reflective terahertz thz imaging system calibration using hydration phantoms
Proceedings of SPIE, 2013Co-Authors: Neha Bajwa, Priyamvada Tewari, James Garritano, Shijun Sung, Bryan Nowroozi, Yoon Kyung Lee, Ashkan Maccabi, Meghedi Babakhanian, Sajan Sanghvi, Rahul S SinghAbstract:Terahertz (THz) hydration sensing continues to gain traction in the medical imaging community due to its unparalleled sensitivity to Tissue Water content. Rapid and accurate detection of fluid shifts following induction of thermal skin burns as well as remote corneal hydration sensing have been previously demonstrated in vivo using reflective, pulsed THz imaging. The hydration contrast sensing capabilities of this technology were recently confirmed in a parallel 7 Tesla Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging study, in which burn areas are associated with increases in local mobile Water content. Successful clinical translation of THz sensing, however, still requires quantitative assessments of system performance measurements, specifically hydration concentration sensitivity, with Tissue substitutes. This research aims to calibrate the sensitivity of a novel, reflective THz system to Tissue Water content through the use of hydration phantoms for quantitative comparisons of THz hydration imagery.Gelatin phantoms were identified as an appropriate Tissue-mimicking model for reflective THz applications, and gel composition, comprising mixtures of Water and protein, was varied between 83% to 95% hydration, a physiologically relevant range. A comparison of four series of gelatin phantom studies demonstrated a positive linear relationship between THz reflectivity and Water concentration, with statistically significant hydration sensitivities (p < .01) ranging between 0.0209 - 0.038% (reflectivity: %hydration). The THz-phantom interaction is simulated with a three-layer model using the Transfer Matrix Method with agreement in hydration trends. Having demonstrated the ability to accurately and noninvasively measure Water content in Tissue equivalent targets with high sensitivity, reflective THz imaging is explored as a potential tool for early detection and intervention of corneal pathologies.