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Douglas Hutchens - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Field Evaluations of the Efficacy and Safety of Emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox® Oral Suspension for Dogs) against Naturally Acquired Nematode and Isospora spp. Infections in Dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Gertraut Altreuther, Nadine Gasda, Kerstin Adler, Klaus Hellmann, Heloise Thurieau, Annette Schimmel, Douglas Hutchens, Klemens J. KriegerAbstract:Three controlled, blinded and randomised multicentre field studies evaluated the efficacy and safety of a new formulation containing emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox® suspension for dogs) against naturally acquired parasite infections in dogs. In two studies dogs positive for gastrointestinal nematodes and/or Isospora spp. were treated with emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension (at least 0.45 mg emodepside plus 9 mg Toltrazuril per kg body weight) or a reference product containing either milbemycin oxime plus praziquantel (Milbemax®) or sulfadimethoxine (Kokzidiol SD®) at recommended dose rates. The third study investigated efficacy against prepatent natural Isospora spp. infections in comparison to an untreated control group by enrolling Isospora- negative dogs that were at risk to develop a patent infection during the study. No suspected adverse drug reactions were observed in any of the 403 dogs enrolled in the three studies including 234 dogs treated with emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension. In dogs treated with emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension against nematode infection faecal egg counts were reduced by 100 % (reference product: 99.7 %). Similarly, in the dogs that had been treated against patent Isospora spp. infection, faecal oocyst counts were reduced by 100 % (reference product: 99.0 %). In both studies, statistical analysis demonstrated non-inferiority and even superiority to the reference products (p ≤ 0.009). Dogs treated with emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension during suspected prepatent Isospora spp. infection had 98.7 % lower faecal oocyst counts after treatment compared to untreated dogs (p
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Efficacy of Emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox^® Oral Suspension for Dogs) against Toxocara canis, Uncinaria stenocephala and Ancylostoma caninum in Dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Annette Schimmel, Gertraut Altreuther, Douglas Hutchens, Iris Schroeder, Terry Settje, Samuel Charles, Sonja Wolken, Jennifer Ketzis, David Young, Klemens J. KriegerAbstract:The efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Pro-and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The cox^® oral suspension for dogs) against different studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/ species of gastrointestinal nematodes ( Toxocara Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥94.7% canis , Ancylostoma caninum , Uncinaria steno -efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy cephala ) was evaluated in nine randomised, against the L4 larval stage of T. canis . The efficacy blinded and placebo-controlled laboratory studies against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and in naturally or experimentally infected dogs. The the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala product was used at the proposed minimum dose was 100 %. All differences between treatment and of 0.45 mg emodepside and 9 mg Toltrazuril per control groups were statistically significant and no kg body weight. Efficacy was calculated based on gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the worm counts after necropsy. Worm burdens in the control dogs ranged between 0 and 409 worms of the respective stage for T. canis and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥ 94.7 % efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy against the L4 larval stage of T. canis . The efficacy against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala was 100 %. All differences between treatment and control groups were statistically significant and no gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension represents a safe and highly effective product in dogs with nematode ( T. canis , hookworms) infection.
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Efficacy of Emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox^® Oral Suspension for Dogs) against Toxocara canis, Uncinaria stenocephala and Ancylostoma caninum in Dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Annette Schimmel, Gertraut Altreuther, Iris Schroeder, Terry Settje, Samuel Charles, Sonja Wolken, Dawid J Kok, Jennifer Ketzis, David Young, Douglas HutchensAbstract:The efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Pro-and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The cox^® oral suspension for dogs) against different studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/ species of gastrointestinal nematodes ( Toxocara Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥94.7% canis , Ancylostoma caninum , Uncinaria steno -efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy cephala ) was evaluated in nine randomised, against the L4 larval stage of T. canis . The efficacy blinded and placebo-controlled laboratory studies against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and in naturally or experimentally infected dogs. The the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala product was used at the proposed minimum dose was 100 %. All differences between treatment and of 0.45 mg emodepside and 9 mg Toltrazuril per control groups were statistically significant and no kg body weight. Efficacy was calculated based on gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the worm counts after necropsy. Worm burdens in the control dogs ranged between 0 and 409 worms of the respective stage for T. canis and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥ 94.7 % efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy against the L4 larval stage of T. canis . The efficacy against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala was 100 %. All differences between treatment and control groups were statistically significant and no gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension represents a safe and highly effective product in dogs with nematode ( T. canis , hookworms) infection.
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field evaluations of the efficacy and safety of emodepside plus Toltrazuril procox oral suspension for dogs against naturally acquired nematode and isospora spp infections in dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Gertraut Altreuther, Nadine Gasda, Kerstin Adler, Klaus Hellmann, Heloise Thurieau, Annette Schimmel, Douglas Hutchens, Klemens KriegerAbstract:Three controlled, blinded and randomised multicentre field studies evaluated the efficacy and safety of a new formulation containing emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox® suspension for dogs) against naturally acquired parasite infections in dogs. In two studies dogs positive for gastrointestinal nematodes and/or Isospora spp. were treated with emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension (at least 0.45 mg emodepside plus 9 mg Toltrazuril per kg body weight) or a reference product containing either milbemycin oxime plus praziquantel (Milbemax®) or sulfadimethoxine (Kokzidiol SD®) at recommended dose rates. The third study investigated efficacy against prepatent natural Isospora spp. infections in comparison to an untreated control group by enrolling Isospora- negative dogs that were at risk to develop a patent infection during the study.
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efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril procox oral suspension for dogs against toxocara canis uncinaria stenocephala and ancylostoma caninum in dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Annette Schimmel, Gertraut Altreuther, Iris Schroeder, Terry Settje, Samuel Charles, Sonja Wolken, Dawid J Kok, Jennifer Ketzis, David Young, Douglas HutchensAbstract:The efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Pro-and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The cox® oral suspension for dogs) against different studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/ species of gastrointestinal nematodes (Toxocara Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥94.7% canis, Ancylostoma caninum, Uncinaria steno-efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy cephala) was evaluated in nine randomised, against the L4 larval stage of T. canis. The efficacy blinded and placebo-controlled laboratory studies against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and in naturally or experimentally infected dogs. The the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala product was used at the proposed minimum dose was 100 %. All differences between treatment and of 0.45 mg emodepside and 9 mg Toltrazuril per control groups were statistically significant and no kg body weight. Efficacy was calculated based on gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the worm counts after necropsy.
Bruno Gottstein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Toltrazuril treatment of congenitally acquired Neospora caninum infection in newborn mice
Parasitology Research, 2009Co-Authors: Maria Strohbusch, Norbert Müller, Andrew Hemphill, Ralph Krebber, Gisela Greif, Bruno GottsteinAbstract:C57BL/6 mice were infected with Neospora caninum tachyzoites during pregnancy, yielding a transplacental infection of developing fetuses. Subsequently, congenitally infected newborn mice were treated either once or three times with Toltrazuril (or placebo) at a concentration of 31.25 mg compound per kg body weight. Both Toltrazuril and placebo treatment had no negative effect on newborns, as noninfected treated pups developed normally without differences in mortality and morbidity to matching nontreated control animals. Already one application of Toltrazuril was significantly ( p
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Toltrazuril treatment of congenitally acquired Neospora caninum infection in newborn mice
Parasitology Research, 2009Co-Authors: Maria Strohbusch, Norbert Müller, Andrew Hemphill, Ralph Krebber, Gisela Greif, Bruno GottsteinAbstract:C57BL/6 mice were infected with Neospora caninum tachyzoites during pregnancy, yielding a transplacental infection of developing fetuses. Subsequently, congenitally infected newborn mice were treated either once or three times with Toltrazuril (or placebo) at a concentration of 31.25 mg compound per kg body weight. Both Toltrazuril and placebo treatment had no negative effect on newborns, as noninfected treated pups developed normally without differences in mortality and morbidity to matching nontreated control animals. Already one application of Toltrazuril was significantly (p < 0.01) able to delay the outbreak of neosporosis in newborn mice, when compared to placebo-treated infected controls. We found significantly higher proportion of surviving newborns in one-time-Toltrazuril-treated and three-time-Toltrazuril-treated groups (34% and 54%, respectively) when compared to one-time-placebo-treated and three-time-placebo-treated groups (14% and 30%, respectively). There was no significant difference (p = 0.2) in the proportion of surviving pups between one-time-Toltrazuril and three-time-Toltrazuril treatment. However, the number of diseased and Neospora-positive pups (46% and 47%, respectively) was markedly reduced after three-time-Toltrazuril treatment compared to all other groups. Three-time-treatment also resulted in the highest antibody (IgG, IgG2a) response. Pharmacokinetic analyses using individual serum samples revealed that, although Toltrazuril was absorbed and metabolized to Toltrazuril sulfone by newborn mice, medicated animals exhibited an unexpected rapid turn-over (half-life time) of the compound. Toltrazuril and the metabolite were also found in brain tissues, indicating that passage of the blood-brain barrier occurred. In conclusion, we could show that three times treatment with Toltrazuril had a high impact on the course of infection in congenitally N. caninum-infected newborn mice.
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Humoral immune reaction of newborn calves congenitally infected with Neospora caninum and experimentally treated with Toltrazuril
Parasitology Research, 2006Co-Authors: Corinne Haerdi, Gisela Greif, Heinz Sager, Michael Haessig, Daniela Staubli, Bruno GottsteinAbstract:Neospora caninum is widely recognized as one of the most important infectious organisms causing abortion and stillbirth in cattle. This parasite causes severe economical losses worldwide. Infection is mostly passed vertically from mother to calf during pregnancy. Under certain circumstances, an infection can lead to abortion, but in most cases it results in a chronically infected calf, which itself will represent the next endogenously infectious generation. So far, no reliable therapeutic or metaphylactic tool has been developed. One possibility to control the problem may consist of treating newborn calves that became vertically infected by a persistently infected mother. This may allow parasite-free offspring. The aim of the present study was to address the questions: (1) can serology be used to assess efficiency of treatment in Toltrazuril-medicated animals? and (2) is a strategic prevention measure possible by means of producing N. caninum -free calves from positive cows? Calves from Neospora -seropositive cows and heifers were randomly split into two different medication groups: 36 calves were medicated with Toltrazuril and 36 calves obtained a placebo. Medication (20 mg Toltrazuril per kg bw) was administered three times, every second day, within the 7 days post natum . Three months after medication, there was no difference in antibody reactivity between the two groups. At later time points (4–6 months), however, significant differences were found, as explained by a strong humoral immunity after chemotherapeutical affection of parasites, while the placebo-treated animals only responded weakly to the persistent infection. In summary, we concluded that (1) serology was not an entirely appropriate tool to answer our initial question and (2) Toltrazuril has the potential to eliminate N. caninum in newborn calves. As a consequence, we plan to follow up Toltrazuril-medicated calves clinically and serologically over a longer period and investigate if they give birth to Neospora -free calves.
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Toltrazuril treatment to control diaplacental Neospora caninum transmission in experimentally infected pregnant mice.
Parasitology, 2004Co-Authors: Bruno Gottstein, Gholam Reza Razmi, P Ammann, Heinz Sager, Norbert MüllerAbstract:We addressed the question whether diaplacental transmission of Neospora caninum can be controlled by metaphylactic chemotherapy using Toltrazuril or enrofloxacin. Female C57/BL6 mice, infected on day 10 of pregnancy, were medicated for 6 consecutive days p.i. with 52.5 mg Toltrazuril or - as an out-group control medication--16.7 mg enrofloxacin per kg body weight per day. Other control groups received either infection but no medication or vice versa. Toltrazuril treatment significantly reduced pre- and perinatal losses (10 deliveries of healthy newborns, versus 1 abortion and 4 failures) when compared to control-enrofloxacin (2 deliveries, versus 1 abortion, 7 failures and 2 pre-parturient deaths of dams) and non-treated animals (3 deliveries, versus 6 abortions, 8 failures and 4 pre-parturient deaths). Simultaneously, PCR-based parasite detection in the brain of mothers, histopathological findings as well as clinical fatality were significantly less frequent in Toltrazuril-treated dams. The overall Toltrazuril treatment efficacy was determined as 87 %, that of enrofloxacin-treatment as 17 %. The progenies of Toltrazuril-treated dams also exhibited a very low rate of PCR-positivity in their brain (3 out of 39), whereas untreated dams delivered litters with mostly PCR-positive brains (12 out of 14) and a relatively high death rate post-partum (5 out of 19 newborns died). Mice subjected to a second mating delivered newborns all negative by N. caninum-PCR, indicating that diaplacental tachyzoite passage does not occur in a later, repeated pregnancy. Overall, our experiments showed that Toltrazuril-treatment of an acute N. caninum-infection--induced during pregnancy--results in a clear reduction of fetal losses and a marked reduction of diaplacental passage of the parasite to the fetal brain, whereas enrofloxacin, as an out-group control substance, failed to show the same effect.
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The role of B- and T-cell immunity in Toltrazuril-treated C57BL/6 WT, µMT and nude mice experimentally infected with Neospora caninum
Parasitology Research, 2004Co-Authors: Petra Ammann, Norbert Müller, Andreas Waldvogel, Isabel Breyer, Marco Esposito, Bruno GottsteinAbstract:Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite predominantly known for causing abortion in cattle and neuromuscular disease in dogs. So far, no efficient metaphylactic chemotherapy has been developed. In preliminary studies, Toltrazuril had been successfully used against experimental neosporosis in mice and calves. In the present study, we used immunocompetent and immunodeficient mouse strains to address the role of immunity in supporting the chemotherapy of experimental N. caninum infection. WT, µMT and athymic nude mice were intraperitoneally inoculated with 1×10^6 Nc-1 tachyzoites. The drug was administered in the drinking water for 6 consecutive days so as to obtain a daily dose of approximately 20 mg Toltrazuril/kg body weight. The course of infection was monitored by clinical, histological and immunohistochemical means, as well as by the search for parasite DNA using PCR-analyses of various organs. In immunocompetent WT mice, treatment proved to be of high efficacy by abrogation of any lesion formation or PCR-positivity in medicated C57BL/6 mice and a significant reduction of lesion formation or PCR-positivity in BALB/c animals. Similarly, treated µMT mice exhibited a significant reduction in cerebral lesion formation as well as in parasite DNA detectability by PCR when compared to untreated animals. Athymic nude mice, however, did not respond to treatment in that only a delay of the parasite dissemination was achieved, and nude mice still showed the neosporosis disease symptoms, although later than untreated animals. We conclude that treatment with Toltrazuril appears to act parasitostatically rather than parasitocidically. This is supported by the fact that: (1) although the lack of B-cells did not impair the effect of Toltrazuril, (2) the lack of T-cells did not allow for a full efficacy of treatment. Therefore, chemotherapy with Toltrazuril against experimental infections with N. caninum requires the support of T-cell immunity in order to be successful.
Annette Schimmel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Field Evaluations of the Efficacy and Safety of Emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox® Oral Suspension for Dogs) against Naturally Acquired Nematode and Isospora spp. Infections in Dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Gertraut Altreuther, Nadine Gasda, Kerstin Adler, Klaus Hellmann, Heloise Thurieau, Annette Schimmel, Douglas Hutchens, Klemens J. KriegerAbstract:Three controlled, blinded and randomised multicentre field studies evaluated the efficacy and safety of a new formulation containing emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox® suspension for dogs) against naturally acquired parasite infections in dogs. In two studies dogs positive for gastrointestinal nematodes and/or Isospora spp. were treated with emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension (at least 0.45 mg emodepside plus 9 mg Toltrazuril per kg body weight) or a reference product containing either milbemycin oxime plus praziquantel (Milbemax®) or sulfadimethoxine (Kokzidiol SD®) at recommended dose rates. The third study investigated efficacy against prepatent natural Isospora spp. infections in comparison to an untreated control group by enrolling Isospora- negative dogs that were at risk to develop a patent infection during the study. No suspected adverse drug reactions were observed in any of the 403 dogs enrolled in the three studies including 234 dogs treated with emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension. In dogs treated with emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension against nematode infection faecal egg counts were reduced by 100 % (reference product: 99.7 %). Similarly, in the dogs that had been treated against patent Isospora spp. infection, faecal oocyst counts were reduced by 100 % (reference product: 99.0 %). In both studies, statistical analysis demonstrated non-inferiority and even superiority to the reference products (p ≤ 0.009). Dogs treated with emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension during suspected prepatent Isospora spp. infection had 98.7 % lower faecal oocyst counts after treatment compared to untreated dogs (p
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Efficacy of Emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox^® Oral Suspension for Dogs) against Toxocara canis, Uncinaria stenocephala and Ancylostoma caninum in Dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Annette Schimmel, Gertraut Altreuther, Douglas Hutchens, Iris Schroeder, Terry Settje, Samuel Charles, Sonja Wolken, Jennifer Ketzis, David Young, Klemens J. KriegerAbstract:The efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Pro-and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The cox^® oral suspension for dogs) against different studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/ species of gastrointestinal nematodes ( Toxocara Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥94.7% canis , Ancylostoma caninum , Uncinaria steno -efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy cephala ) was evaluated in nine randomised, against the L4 larval stage of T. canis . The efficacy blinded and placebo-controlled laboratory studies against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and in naturally or experimentally infected dogs. The the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala product was used at the proposed minimum dose was 100 %. All differences between treatment and of 0.45 mg emodepside and 9 mg Toltrazuril per control groups were statistically significant and no kg body weight. Efficacy was calculated based on gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the worm counts after necropsy. Worm burdens in the control dogs ranged between 0 and 409 worms of the respective stage for T. canis and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥ 94.7 % efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy against the L4 larval stage of T. canis . The efficacy against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala was 100 %. All differences between treatment and control groups were statistically significant and no gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension represents a safe and highly effective product in dogs with nematode ( T. canis , hookworms) infection.
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Efficacy of Emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox^® Oral Suspension for Dogs) against Toxocara canis, Uncinaria stenocephala and Ancylostoma caninum in Dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Annette Schimmel, Gertraut Altreuther, Iris Schroeder, Terry Settje, Samuel Charles, Sonja Wolken, Dawid J Kok, Jennifer Ketzis, David Young, Douglas HutchensAbstract:The efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Pro-and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The cox^® oral suspension for dogs) against different studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/ species of gastrointestinal nematodes ( Toxocara Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥94.7% canis , Ancylostoma caninum , Uncinaria steno -efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy cephala ) was evaluated in nine randomised, against the L4 larval stage of T. canis . The efficacy blinded and placebo-controlled laboratory studies against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and in naturally or experimentally infected dogs. The the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala product was used at the proposed minimum dose was 100 %. All differences between treatment and of 0.45 mg emodepside and 9 mg Toltrazuril per control groups were statistically significant and no kg body weight. Efficacy was calculated based on gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the worm counts after necropsy. Worm burdens in the control dogs ranged between 0 and 409 worms of the respective stage for T. canis and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥ 94.7 % efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy against the L4 larval stage of T. canis . The efficacy against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala was 100 %. All differences between treatment and control groups were statistically significant and no gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension represents a safe and highly effective product in dogs with nematode ( T. canis , hookworms) infection.
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field evaluations of the efficacy and safety of emodepside plus Toltrazuril procox oral suspension for dogs against naturally acquired nematode and isospora spp infections in dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Gertraut Altreuther, Nadine Gasda, Kerstin Adler, Klaus Hellmann, Heloise Thurieau, Annette Schimmel, Douglas Hutchens, Klemens KriegerAbstract:Three controlled, blinded and randomised multicentre field studies evaluated the efficacy and safety of a new formulation containing emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox® suspension for dogs) against naturally acquired parasite infections in dogs. In two studies dogs positive for gastrointestinal nematodes and/or Isospora spp. were treated with emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension (at least 0.45 mg emodepside plus 9 mg Toltrazuril per kg body weight) or a reference product containing either milbemycin oxime plus praziquantel (Milbemax®) or sulfadimethoxine (Kokzidiol SD®) at recommended dose rates. The third study investigated efficacy against prepatent natural Isospora spp. infections in comparison to an untreated control group by enrolling Isospora- negative dogs that were at risk to develop a patent infection during the study.
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efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril procox oral suspension for dogs against toxocara canis uncinaria stenocephala and ancylostoma caninum in dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Annette Schimmel, Gertraut Altreuther, Iris Schroeder, Terry Settje, Samuel Charles, Sonja Wolken, Dawid J Kok, Jennifer Ketzis, David Young, Douglas HutchensAbstract:The efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Pro-and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The cox® oral suspension for dogs) against different studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/ species of gastrointestinal nematodes (Toxocara Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥94.7% canis, Ancylostoma caninum, Uncinaria steno-efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy cephala) was evaluated in nine randomised, against the L4 larval stage of T. canis. The efficacy blinded and placebo-controlled laboratory studies against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and in naturally or experimentally infected dogs. The the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala product was used at the proposed minimum dose was 100 %. All differences between treatment and of 0.45 mg emodepside and 9 mg Toltrazuril per control groups were statistically significant and no kg body weight. Efficacy was calculated based on gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the worm counts after necropsy.
Gertraut Altreuther - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Field Evaluations of the Efficacy and Safety of Emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox® Oral Suspension for Dogs) against Naturally Acquired Nematode and Isospora spp. Infections in Dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Gertraut Altreuther, Nadine Gasda, Kerstin Adler, Klaus Hellmann, Heloise Thurieau, Annette Schimmel, Douglas Hutchens, Klemens J. KriegerAbstract:Three controlled, blinded and randomised multicentre field studies evaluated the efficacy and safety of a new formulation containing emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox® suspension for dogs) against naturally acquired parasite infections in dogs. In two studies dogs positive for gastrointestinal nematodes and/or Isospora spp. were treated with emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension (at least 0.45 mg emodepside plus 9 mg Toltrazuril per kg body weight) or a reference product containing either milbemycin oxime plus praziquantel (Milbemax®) or sulfadimethoxine (Kokzidiol SD®) at recommended dose rates. The third study investigated efficacy against prepatent natural Isospora spp. infections in comparison to an untreated control group by enrolling Isospora- negative dogs that were at risk to develop a patent infection during the study. No suspected adverse drug reactions were observed in any of the 403 dogs enrolled in the three studies including 234 dogs treated with emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension. In dogs treated with emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension against nematode infection faecal egg counts were reduced by 100 % (reference product: 99.7 %). Similarly, in the dogs that had been treated against patent Isospora spp. infection, faecal oocyst counts were reduced by 100 % (reference product: 99.0 %). In both studies, statistical analysis demonstrated non-inferiority and even superiority to the reference products (p ≤ 0.009). Dogs treated with emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension during suspected prepatent Isospora spp. infection had 98.7 % lower faecal oocyst counts after treatment compared to untreated dogs (p
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Efficacy of Emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox^® Oral Suspension for Dogs) against Toxocara canis, Uncinaria stenocephala and Ancylostoma caninum in Dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Annette Schimmel, Gertraut Altreuther, Douglas Hutchens, Iris Schroeder, Terry Settje, Samuel Charles, Sonja Wolken, Jennifer Ketzis, David Young, Klemens J. KriegerAbstract:The efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Pro-and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The cox^® oral suspension for dogs) against different studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/ species of gastrointestinal nematodes ( Toxocara Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥94.7% canis , Ancylostoma caninum , Uncinaria steno -efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy cephala ) was evaluated in nine randomised, against the L4 larval stage of T. canis . The efficacy blinded and placebo-controlled laboratory studies against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and in naturally or experimentally infected dogs. The the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala product was used at the proposed minimum dose was 100 %. All differences between treatment and of 0.45 mg emodepside and 9 mg Toltrazuril per control groups were statistically significant and no kg body weight. Efficacy was calculated based on gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the worm counts after necropsy. Worm burdens in the control dogs ranged between 0 and 409 worms of the respective stage for T. canis and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥ 94.7 % efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy against the L4 larval stage of T. canis . The efficacy against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala was 100 %. All differences between treatment and control groups were statistically significant and no gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension represents a safe and highly effective product in dogs with nematode ( T. canis , hookworms) infection.
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Efficacy of Emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox^® Oral Suspension for Dogs) against Toxocara canis, Uncinaria stenocephala and Ancylostoma caninum in Dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Annette Schimmel, Gertraut Altreuther, Iris Schroeder, Terry Settje, Samuel Charles, Sonja Wolken, Dawid J Kok, Jennifer Ketzis, David Young, Douglas HutchensAbstract:The efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Pro-and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The cox^® oral suspension for dogs) against different studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/ species of gastrointestinal nematodes ( Toxocara Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥94.7% canis , Ancylostoma caninum , Uncinaria steno -efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy cephala ) was evaluated in nine randomised, against the L4 larval stage of T. canis . The efficacy blinded and placebo-controlled laboratory studies against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and in naturally or experimentally infected dogs. The the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala product was used at the proposed minimum dose was 100 %. All differences between treatment and of 0.45 mg emodepside and 9 mg Toltrazuril per control groups were statistically significant and no kg body weight. Efficacy was calculated based on gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the worm counts after necropsy. Worm burdens in the control dogs ranged between 0 and 409 worms of the respective stage for T. canis and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥ 94.7 % efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy against the L4 larval stage of T. canis . The efficacy against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala was 100 %. All differences between treatment and control groups were statistically significant and no gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension represents a safe and highly effective product in dogs with nematode ( T. canis , hookworms) infection.
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field evaluations of the efficacy and safety of emodepside plus Toltrazuril procox oral suspension for dogs against naturally acquired nematode and isospora spp infections in dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Gertraut Altreuther, Nadine Gasda, Kerstin Adler, Klaus Hellmann, Heloise Thurieau, Annette Schimmel, Douglas Hutchens, Klemens KriegerAbstract:Three controlled, blinded and randomised multicentre field studies evaluated the efficacy and safety of a new formulation containing emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox® suspension for dogs) against naturally acquired parasite infections in dogs. In two studies dogs positive for gastrointestinal nematodes and/or Isospora spp. were treated with emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension (at least 0.45 mg emodepside plus 9 mg Toltrazuril per kg body weight) or a reference product containing either milbemycin oxime plus praziquantel (Milbemax®) or sulfadimethoxine (Kokzidiol SD®) at recommended dose rates. The third study investigated efficacy against prepatent natural Isospora spp. infections in comparison to an untreated control group by enrolling Isospora- negative dogs that were at risk to develop a patent infection during the study.
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efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril procox oral suspension for dogs against toxocara canis uncinaria stenocephala and ancylostoma caninum in dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Annette Schimmel, Gertraut Altreuther, Iris Schroeder, Terry Settje, Samuel Charles, Sonja Wolken, Dawid J Kok, Jennifer Ketzis, David Young, Douglas HutchensAbstract:The efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Pro-and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The cox® oral suspension for dogs) against different studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/ species of gastrointestinal nematodes (Toxocara Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥94.7% canis, Ancylostoma caninum, Uncinaria steno-efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy cephala) was evaluated in nine randomised, against the L4 larval stage of T. canis. The efficacy blinded and placebo-controlled laboratory studies against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and in naturally or experimentally infected dogs. The the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala product was used at the proposed minimum dose was 100 %. All differences between treatment and of 0.45 mg emodepside and 9 mg Toltrazuril per control groups were statistically significant and no kg body weight. Efficacy was calculated based on gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the worm counts after necropsy.
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Efficacy of Emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox^® Oral Suspension for Dogs) against Toxocara canis, Uncinaria stenocephala and Ancylostoma caninum in Dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Annette Schimmel, Gertraut Altreuther, Iris Schroeder, Terry Settje, Samuel Charles, Sonja Wolken, Dawid J Kok, Jennifer Ketzis, David Young, Douglas HutchensAbstract:The efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Pro-and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The cox^® oral suspension for dogs) against different studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/ species of gastrointestinal nematodes ( Toxocara Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥94.7% canis , Ancylostoma caninum , Uncinaria steno -efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy cephala ) was evaluated in nine randomised, against the L4 larval stage of T. canis . The efficacy blinded and placebo-controlled laboratory studies against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and in naturally or experimentally infected dogs. The the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala product was used at the proposed minimum dose was 100 %. All differences between treatment and of 0.45 mg emodepside and 9 mg Toltrazuril per control groups were statistically significant and no kg body weight. Efficacy was calculated based on gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the worm counts after necropsy. Worm burdens in the control dogs ranged between 0 and 409 worms of the respective stage for T. canis and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥ 94.7 % efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy against the L4 larval stage of T. canis . The efficacy against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala was 100 %. All differences between treatment and control groups were statistically significant and no gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension represents a safe and highly effective product in dogs with nematode ( T. canis , hookworms) infection.
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Efficacy of Emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox^® Oral Suspension for Dogs) against Toxocara canis, Uncinaria stenocephala and Ancylostoma caninum in Dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Annette Schimmel, Gertraut Altreuther, Douglas Hutchens, Iris Schroeder, Terry Settje, Samuel Charles, Sonja Wolken, Jennifer Ketzis, David Young, Klemens J. KriegerAbstract:The efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Pro-and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The cox^® oral suspension for dogs) against different studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/ species of gastrointestinal nematodes ( Toxocara Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥94.7% canis , Ancylostoma caninum , Uncinaria steno -efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy cephala ) was evaluated in nine randomised, against the L4 larval stage of T. canis . The efficacy blinded and placebo-controlled laboratory studies against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and in naturally or experimentally infected dogs. The the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala product was used at the proposed minimum dose was 100 %. All differences between treatment and of 0.45 mg emodepside and 9 mg Toltrazuril per control groups were statistically significant and no kg body weight. Efficacy was calculated based on gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the worm counts after necropsy. Worm burdens in the control dogs ranged between 0 and 409 worms of the respective stage for T. canis and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥ 94.7 % efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy against the L4 larval stage of T. canis . The efficacy against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala was 100 %. All differences between treatment and control groups were statistically significant and no gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension represents a safe and highly effective product in dogs with nematode ( T. canis , hookworms) infection.
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efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril procox oral suspension for dogs against toxocara canis uncinaria stenocephala and ancylostoma caninum in dogs
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Annette Schimmel, Gertraut Altreuther, Iris Schroeder, Terry Settje, Samuel Charles, Sonja Wolken, Dawid J Kok, Jennifer Ketzis, David Young, Douglas HutchensAbstract:The efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Pro-and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The cox® oral suspension for dogs) against different studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/ species of gastrointestinal nematodes (Toxocara Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥94.7% canis, Ancylostoma caninum, Uncinaria steno-efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy cephala) was evaluated in nine randomised, against the L4 larval stage of T. canis. The efficacy blinded and placebo-controlled laboratory studies against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and in naturally or experimentally infected dogs. The the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala product was used at the proposed minimum dose was 100 %. All differences between treatment and of 0.45 mg emodepside and 9 mg Toltrazuril per control groups were statistically significant and no kg body weight. Efficacy was calculated based on gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the worm counts after necropsy.
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Efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox(®) oral suspension for dogs) against Toxocara canis, Uncinaria stenocephala and Ancylostoma caninum in dogs.
Parasitology research, 2011Co-Authors: Annette Schimmel, Gertraut Altreuther, Iris Schroeder, Terry Settje, Samuel Charles, Sonja Wolken, Dawid J Kok, Jennifer Ketzis, David Young, Douglas HutchensAbstract:The efficacy of emodepside plus Toltrazuril (Procox® oral suspension for dogs) against different species of gastrointestinal nematodes (Toxocara canis, Ancylostoma caninum, Uncinaria stenocephala) was evaluated in nine randomised,blinded and placebo-controlled laboratory studies in naturally or experimentally infected dogs. The product was used at the proposed minimum dose of 0.45 mg emodepside and 9 mg Toltrazuril per kg body weight. Efficacy was calculated based on worm counts after necropsy. Worm burdens in the control dogs ranged between 0 and 409 worms of the respective stage for T. canis and between 4 and 655 worms for hookworms. The studies demonstrated 100 % efficacy of emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension against mature adult, ≥ 94.7 %efficacy against immature adult and 99.3 % efficacy against the L4 larval stage of T. canis. The efficacy against mature adult A. caninum was ≥ 99.5 % and the efficacy against mature adult U. stenocephala was 100 %. All differences between treatment and control groups were statistically significant and no gender effect was found. It can be concluded that the emodepside/Toltrazuril suspension represents a safe and highly effective product in dogs with nematode (T. canis, hookworms) infection.
