The Experts below are selected from a list of 30 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

M A Shepherd - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the effect of cutting mulching and applications of farmyard manure on nitrogen fixation in a red clover grass sward
    Bioresource Technology, 2007
    Co-Authors: D J Hatch, G Goodlass, A Joynes, M A Shepherd
    Abstract:

    Abstract In organic farming, maximising the amount of nitrogen (N) which is fixed and retained within the soil is of paramount importance for the yield of the following crop. The aim of this study was to establish the extent to which increased soil fertility, farmyard manure (FYM) applications and/or mulching, could adversely affect fixation. At two sites, situated in the South West (SW) and North East (NE) of England, N 2 fixation was estimated in ‘organically’ managed red clover/grass plots, both with and without green manure (i.e. surface mulched) and/or the addition of FYM. The FYM was incorporated into the seedbeds at both sites in autumn 2002 at the rate of 170 kg total N ha −1 , as either well-composted (SW site), or not actively-composted (NE site) manures. The same FYM application rate was repeated as Top-Dressings to both sites in autumn 2003. The plots were cut three or four times each year over two growing seasons. In the first harvest year (2003), incorporation of FYM had beneficial effects of increasing dry matter and N yields significantly at the first cut, but there were no significant differences in subsequent cuts. The same pattern was found in the second harvest year (2004) after the Top Dressings of FYM, suggesting that most of the N in both types of FYM was in recalcitrant forms. Over the two growing seasons, mulching did not affect red clover/grass dry matter or N yields, but did reduce the proportion of N 2 fixed, by up to 60 kg N ha −1 when compared with plots from which the clover/grass herbage was cut and removed. Thus, the gain in N from FYM or green manure tended to be offset by a similar reduction in N 2 fixation. These results demonstrate the close association between the availability of soil N and the feed-back system which operates on N 2 fixation by red clover.

D J Hatch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the effect of cutting mulching and applications of farmyard manure on nitrogen fixation in a red clover grass sward
    Bioresource Technology, 2007
    Co-Authors: D J Hatch, G Goodlass, A Joynes, M A Shepherd
    Abstract:

    Abstract In organic farming, maximising the amount of nitrogen (N) which is fixed and retained within the soil is of paramount importance for the yield of the following crop. The aim of this study was to establish the extent to which increased soil fertility, farmyard manure (FYM) applications and/or mulching, could adversely affect fixation. At two sites, situated in the South West (SW) and North East (NE) of England, N 2 fixation was estimated in ‘organically’ managed red clover/grass plots, both with and without green manure (i.e. surface mulched) and/or the addition of FYM. The FYM was incorporated into the seedbeds at both sites in autumn 2002 at the rate of 170 kg total N ha −1 , as either well-composted (SW site), or not actively-composted (NE site) manures. The same FYM application rate was repeated as Top-Dressings to both sites in autumn 2003. The plots were cut three or four times each year over two growing seasons. In the first harvest year (2003), incorporation of FYM had beneficial effects of increasing dry matter and N yields significantly at the first cut, but there were no significant differences in subsequent cuts. The same pattern was found in the second harvest year (2004) after the Top Dressings of FYM, suggesting that most of the N in both types of FYM was in recalcitrant forms. Over the two growing seasons, mulching did not affect red clover/grass dry matter or N yields, but did reduce the proportion of N 2 fixed, by up to 60 kg N ha −1 when compared with plots from which the clover/grass herbage was cut and removed. Thus, the gain in N from FYM or green manure tended to be offset by a similar reduction in N 2 fixation. These results demonstrate the close association between the availability of soil N and the feed-back system which operates on N 2 fixation by red clover.

G Goodlass - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the effect of cutting mulching and applications of farmyard manure on nitrogen fixation in a red clover grass sward
    Bioresource Technology, 2007
    Co-Authors: D J Hatch, G Goodlass, A Joynes, M A Shepherd
    Abstract:

    Abstract In organic farming, maximising the amount of nitrogen (N) which is fixed and retained within the soil is of paramount importance for the yield of the following crop. The aim of this study was to establish the extent to which increased soil fertility, farmyard manure (FYM) applications and/or mulching, could adversely affect fixation. At two sites, situated in the South West (SW) and North East (NE) of England, N 2 fixation was estimated in ‘organically’ managed red clover/grass plots, both with and without green manure (i.e. surface mulched) and/or the addition of FYM. The FYM was incorporated into the seedbeds at both sites in autumn 2002 at the rate of 170 kg total N ha −1 , as either well-composted (SW site), or not actively-composted (NE site) manures. The same FYM application rate was repeated as Top-Dressings to both sites in autumn 2003. The plots were cut three or four times each year over two growing seasons. In the first harvest year (2003), incorporation of FYM had beneficial effects of increasing dry matter and N yields significantly at the first cut, but there were no significant differences in subsequent cuts. The same pattern was found in the second harvest year (2004) after the Top Dressings of FYM, suggesting that most of the N in both types of FYM was in recalcitrant forms. Over the two growing seasons, mulching did not affect red clover/grass dry matter or N yields, but did reduce the proportion of N 2 fixed, by up to 60 kg N ha −1 when compared with plots from which the clover/grass herbage was cut and removed. Thus, the gain in N from FYM or green manure tended to be offset by a similar reduction in N 2 fixation. These results demonstrate the close association between the availability of soil N and the feed-back system which operates on N 2 fixation by red clover.

A Joynes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the effect of cutting mulching and applications of farmyard manure on nitrogen fixation in a red clover grass sward
    Bioresource Technology, 2007
    Co-Authors: D J Hatch, G Goodlass, A Joynes, M A Shepherd
    Abstract:

    Abstract In organic farming, maximising the amount of nitrogen (N) which is fixed and retained within the soil is of paramount importance for the yield of the following crop. The aim of this study was to establish the extent to which increased soil fertility, farmyard manure (FYM) applications and/or mulching, could adversely affect fixation. At two sites, situated in the South West (SW) and North East (NE) of England, N 2 fixation was estimated in ‘organically’ managed red clover/grass plots, both with and without green manure (i.e. surface mulched) and/or the addition of FYM. The FYM was incorporated into the seedbeds at both sites in autumn 2002 at the rate of 170 kg total N ha −1 , as either well-composted (SW site), or not actively-composted (NE site) manures. The same FYM application rate was repeated as Top-Dressings to both sites in autumn 2003. The plots were cut three or four times each year over two growing seasons. In the first harvest year (2003), incorporation of FYM had beneficial effects of increasing dry matter and N yields significantly at the first cut, but there were no significant differences in subsequent cuts. The same pattern was found in the second harvest year (2004) after the Top Dressings of FYM, suggesting that most of the N in both types of FYM was in recalcitrant forms. Over the two growing seasons, mulching did not affect red clover/grass dry matter or N yields, but did reduce the proportion of N 2 fixed, by up to 60 kg N ha −1 when compared with plots from which the clover/grass herbage was cut and removed. Thus, the gain in N from FYM or green manure tended to be offset by a similar reduction in N 2 fixation. These results demonstrate the close association between the availability of soil N and the feed-back system which operates on N 2 fixation by red clover.

J Jasper - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • capability of crop canopy sensing to predict crop parameters of cut grass swards aiming at early season variable rate nitrogen Top Dressings
    Advances in Animal Biosciences, 2017
    Co-Authors: G Portz, M L Gnyp, J Jasper
    Abstract:

    This study aims to evaluate actual biomass and N-uptake estimates with the Yara N-Sensor in intensively managed grass swards across several trial sites in Europe. The dataset was split by location into an independent calibration data (UK and Finland) and a validation data (Germany) for the first two cuts. Yara N-Sensor readings were better correlated with N-uptake (R²=0.71) than actual biomass (R²=0.53) for the 1ˢᵗ cut. At the 2ⁿᵈ cut, the R² values for both parameters were higher (0.80 and 0.56). A cross-validation with a German grass trial indicated the potential for predicting N-uptake (R²>0.8). It can be concluded that the technology has the potential to guide management decisions and variable rate nitrogen application on European grass swards.