The Experts below are selected from a list of 120 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Sunandan Sikdar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • acute demyelinating encephalitis after jequirity pea ingestion abrus precatorius
    Clinical Toxicology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Vaibhav Sahni, Narinder Pal Singh, S K Agarwal, Sunandan Sikdar
    Abstract:

    Introduction. Castor and jequirity beans are uncommon causes of poisoning. The more common but less severe castor poisoning is well described, but jequirity bean (Abrus Precatorius) poisoning is rare. The toxicity is attributed to Toxalbumins (ricin and abrin) that act by inhibiting protein synthesis. Their use as agents of biological warfare, mechanisms of action, and clinical features of poisoning are summarized. Case Report. A 30-year-old previously healthy female presented with bloody diarrhea and deep coma following ingestion of 3–4 seeds of a plant called ‘ratti.’ Investigations, including an MRI brain scan, showed evidence of acute demyelinating encephalitis. The patient died three days later due to progressive central nervous system depression. Discussion. This is a previously unreported manifestation of jequirity bean poisoning. Demyelination is immune-mediated, andAbrus is a well-known immuno-modulator and stimulator. A possible immunological pathogenic mechanism is hypothesized.

Srikant B Narayana - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • acute demyelinating encephalitis due to abrus precatorius poisoning complete recovery after steroid therapy
    Clinical Toxicology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Ratnakar Sahoo, Deepak S Amalnath, Abdoul Hamide, Srikant B Narayana
    Abstract:

    Introduction. Poisoning from Abrus precatorius is attributed to a Toxalbumin (abrin) that acts by inhibiting protein synthesis and rarely can cause immuno-mediated demyelination. We report a case of abrin poisoning with demyelination. Case report. A 19-year-old man presented with a history of ingesting crushed Abrus precatorius seeds following a family quarrel. He developed vomiting, abdominal pain, and bloody diarrhea, followed by a seizure and an altered sensorium. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed demyelination in the bilateral-medial temporal lobes. The patient was treated with supportive care, and intravenous methylprednisolone followed by oral prednisone, and recovered fully. Discussion. Abrin is an immuno-modulator that may cause immune-mediated demyelination. We report the clinical course of a patient with demyelination after abrin poisoning, treated with corticosteroids, and document his clinical recovery. Conclusion. Demyelination is a rare complication of Abrus precatorius po...

Vaibhav Sahni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • acute demyelinating encephalitis after jequirity pea ingestion abrus precatorius
    Clinical Toxicology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Vaibhav Sahni, Narinder Pal Singh, S K Agarwal, Sunandan Sikdar
    Abstract:

    Introduction. Castor and jequirity beans are uncommon causes of poisoning. The more common but less severe castor poisoning is well described, but jequirity bean (Abrus Precatorius) poisoning is rare. The toxicity is attributed to Toxalbumins (ricin and abrin) that act by inhibiting protein synthesis. Their use as agents of biological warfare, mechanisms of action, and clinical features of poisoning are summarized. Case Report. A 30-year-old previously healthy female presented with bloody diarrhea and deep coma following ingestion of 3–4 seeds of a plant called ‘ratti.’ Investigations, including an MRI brain scan, showed evidence of acute demyelinating encephalitis. The patient died three days later due to progressive central nervous system depression. Discussion. This is a previously unreported manifestation of jequirity bean poisoning. Demyelination is immune-mediated, andAbrus is a well-known immuno-modulator and stimulator. A possible immunological pathogenic mechanism is hypothesized.

Guo Wen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Effects of transgenic cry1Ab/cry1Ac rice on the activities of three protective enzymes in larvae of Sesamia inferens (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)
    2012
    Co-Authors: Guo Wen
    Abstract:

    To clarify the physiological and biochemical mechanism of the effect of transgenic cry1Ab/cry1Ac rice on larvae of Sesamia inferens (Walker) ,the effects of feeding transgenic Bt rice on the activities of three protective enzymes (SOD,CAT and POD) in S. inferens larvae were studied by assaying enzyme activities in the 3rd and 5th instar larvae which were fed with stems of transgenic and non-transgenic rice (control) for different time. The results showed that SOD activity in the 3rd instar larvae fed with Bt rice for 24 h was significantly higher than that of the control (increased by 43. 44%) , but declined to the minimum at 48 h after feeding. The POD activity in the 3rd larvae fed with Bt rice reached the maximum at 24 h after feeding,and significantly higher than that of the control (increased by 29. 22%) ,but declined to the minimum at 48 h after feeding which was significantly lower than that of the control. The CAT activity in the 3rd larvae fed with Bt rice for 4 h increased by 30. 33% ,and decreased by 27. 01% at 48 h after feeding compared with that of the control. The SOD activity in the 5th instar larvae was significantly higher than that of the control after the larvae was fed on transgenic rice for 4 h,but declined to the minimum at 36 h after feeding (decreased by 31. 62% compared with that of the control) . The POD activity reached the maximum and increased by 73. 20% compared with that of the control after the larvae was fed on Bt rice for 8 h,but declined to the minimum at 36 h after feeding. The CAT activity reached the maximum and increased by 75. 73% after the larvae was fed with transgenic rice for 4 h and decreased by 7. 55% at 48 h after feeding compared with that of the control. The resistance level of the 3rd instar larvae was lower than the 5th instar larvae when treated by transgenic Bt rice for the reason that the 3rd instar larvae had lower defense capability. The results suggest that in the initial stage of feeding,the enzyme activity in larvae increases in order to protect larvae from being damaged by Bt Toxalbumin. The enzyme activities in larvae rapidly descend and the metabolism of larvae is disturbed due to feeding transgenic rice with extension of feeding time,causing the poisoning symptoms and even death of larvae.

  • effects of transgenic cry1ab cry1ac rice on the activities of three protective enzymes in larvae of sesamia inferens lepidoptera noctuidae
    Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2012
    Co-Authors: Guo Wen
    Abstract:

    To clarify the physiological and biochemical mechanism of the effect of transgenic cry1Ab/cry1Ac rice on larvae of Sesamia inferens (Walker) ,the effects of feeding transgenic Bt rice on the activities of three protective enzymes (SOD,CAT and POD) in S. inferens larvae were studied by assaying enzyme activities in the 3rd and 5th instar larvae which were fed with stems of transgenic and non-transgenic rice (control) for different time. The results showed that SOD activity in the 3rd instar larvae fed with Bt rice for 24 h was significantly higher than that of the control (increased by 43. 44%) , but declined to the minimum at 48 h after feeding. The POD activity in the 3rd larvae fed with Bt rice reached the maximum at 24 h after feeding,and significantly higher than that of the control (increased by 29. 22%) ,but declined to the minimum at 48 h after feeding which was significantly lower than that of the control. The CAT activity in the 3rd larvae fed with Bt rice for 4 h increased by 30. 33% ,and decreased by 27. 01% at 48 h after feeding compared with that of the control. The SOD activity in the 5th instar larvae was significantly higher than that of the control after the larvae was fed on transgenic rice for 4 h,but declined to the minimum at 36 h after feeding (decreased by 31. 62% compared with that of the control) . The POD activity reached the maximum and increased by 73. 20% compared with that of the control after the larvae was fed on Bt rice for 8 h,but declined to the minimum at 36 h after feeding. The CAT activity reached the maximum and increased by 75. 73% after the larvae was fed with transgenic rice for 4 h and decreased by 7. 55% at 48 h after feeding compared with that of the control. The resistance level of the 3rd instar larvae was lower than the 5th instar larvae when treated by transgenic Bt rice for the reason that the 3rd instar larvae had lower defense capability. The results suggest that in the initial stage of feeding,the enzyme activity in larvae increases in order to protect larvae from being damaged by Bt Toxalbumin. The enzyme activities in larvae rapidly descend and the metabolism of larvae is disturbed due to feeding transgenic rice with extension of feeding time,causing the poisoning symptoms and even death of larvae.

Ratnakar Sahoo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • acute demyelinating encephalitis due to abrus precatorius poisoning complete recovery after steroid therapy
    Clinical Toxicology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Ratnakar Sahoo, Deepak S Amalnath, Abdoul Hamide, Srikant B Narayana
    Abstract:

    Introduction. Poisoning from Abrus precatorius is attributed to a Toxalbumin (abrin) that acts by inhibiting protein synthesis and rarely can cause immuno-mediated demyelination. We report a case of abrin poisoning with demyelination. Case report. A 19-year-old man presented with a history of ingesting crushed Abrus precatorius seeds following a family quarrel. He developed vomiting, abdominal pain, and bloody diarrhea, followed by a seizure and an altered sensorium. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed demyelination in the bilateral-medial temporal lobes. The patient was treated with supportive care, and intravenous methylprednisolone followed by oral prednisone, and recovered fully. Discussion. Abrin is an immuno-modulator that may cause immune-mediated demyelination. We report the clinical course of a patient with demyelination after abrin poisoning, treated with corticosteroids, and document his clinical recovery. Conclusion. Demyelination is a rare complication of Abrus precatorius po...