Traditional Theory

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Joseph Moulter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • alpha glycolytic vasculogenesis better correlates with mri and ct imaging techniques than the Traditional oxygen vasculogenesis Theory
    American Journal of Roentgenology, 2014
    Co-Authors: John R Haaga, Rebecca Haaga, Indravadan Patel, Zachary Love, Joseph Moulter
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE. Traditional vasculogenesis has many contradictions related to treatment and imaging. This occurs because cancer also uses glycolysis, which does not need oxygen or arteries. Glycolytic lactate supports many procancer processes but high levels of it inhibit glycolysis. CONCLUSION. To avoid this, lactate induces vascular growth factors that initiate glycolytic vasculogenesis ALPHA (acidic lactate sequentially induces first lymphangiogenesis, phlebogenesis, and then arteriogenesis). The sequence of vessel development is lymphatics, veins, and then arteries. Modern contrast imaging depends more on veins than arteries, which is more consistent with ALPHA than the Traditional Theory.

Stephanie O. Crofton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • An Extension on the Traditional Theory of Customer Discrimination
    The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 2020
    Co-Authors: Stephanie O. Crofton
    Abstract:

    This study provides an extension on the Traditional Theory of customer discrimination. The Traditional Theory looks at customer discrimination via a case in which customers discriminate against a certain type of employee. This paper considers a case of customer discrimination in which customers discriminate against another group of customers. This paper argues that if women choose to attend an all-women college, they are engaging in this previously unexamined form of customer discrimination. Economic Theory predicts that firms catering to customers who discriminate will charge higher prices. Thus, this study tests for the existence of customer discrimination by estimating a tuition equation at women's colleges and coeducational schools using ordinary least squares and a dummy-interaction technique. This study finds that, all else held constant, women's colleges do charge higher tuition rates. Copyright 2003 American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Inc..

  • An extension on the Traditional Theory of customer discrimination: Customers versus customers
    The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Stephanie O. Crofton
    Abstract:

    This study provides an extension on the Traditional Theory of customer discrimination. The Traditional Theory looks at customer discrimination via a case in which customers discriminate against a certain type of employee. This paper considers a case of customer discrimination in which customers discriminate against another group of customers. This paper argues that if women choose to attend an all-women college, they are engaging in this previously unexamined form of customer discrimination. Economic Theory predicts that firms catering to customers who discriminate will charge higher prices. Thus, this study tests for the existence of customer discrimination by estimating a tuition equation at women's colleges and coeducational schools using ordinary least squares and a dummy-interaction technique. This study finds that, all else held constant, women's colleges do charge higher tuition rates.

  • An Extension on the Traditional Theory of Customer Discrimination: Customers versus Customers. (Featured Article)
    The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Stephanie O. Crofton
    Abstract:

    I Introduction THE Theory OF CUSTOMER DISCRIMINATION HAS BECOME A MAINSTAY of the research regarding wage discrimination. The standard version of this Theory considers the case in which consumers may prefer not to be sewed by a certain type of individual. This paper argues that there can also be situations in which customers prefer not to purchase goods and services in the presence of a certain type of individual. In addition, it is argued that in cases where customers discriminate against other customers, we should observe market segmentation. Also, as is the case when customers discriminate against employees, we should observe higher prices being charged at the establishments that cater to "discriminatory" customers. An example of the Traditional Theory of customer discrimination might involve male customers in a hardware store who do not wish to be served by female employees. Since the female employees are not able to serve the discriminatory male customers, the productivity of female employees is less than the productivity of male employees, who are able to serve any customer in the hardware store. According to Theory, a profit maximizing company pays a worker a wage equal to the marginal revenue product of that worker (where marginal revenue product equals the marginal product of the worker multiplied by the marginal revenue generated from the sale of the worker's additional output). In other words, an employee is paid a wage equivalent to the additional income generated for the employer by the employee. Using the hardware store example, since female workers can only serve women and nondiscriminatory men, female employees will have lower marginal revenue products. Thus, they will be paid a lower wage than male employees who have a higher marginal revenue product. Two types of stores will develop in the marketplace. "Firms that cater to discriminatory customers will hire the 'preferred' group of workers, pay higher wages, and charge higher prices than firms that employ workers from disfavored groups and that serve nondiscriminatory customers" (Ehrenberg and Smith 1997: 438-39). Since male workers can serve both discriminatory and nondiscriminatory consumers, male employees have a higher marginal revenue product and can thus command higher wages. The higher wages that must be paid by firms catering to discriminatory customers and hiring only the "preferred" type of worker force those same firms to charge higher prices in order to provide this type of environment for the customer (for a simple mathematical explanation, see Ehrenberg and Smith 1997: 434). Firms that choose to hire workers not of the preferred group (i.e., female workers) are able to pay lower wages, since those workers have lower marginal revenue products, and are also able to charge lower prices. Despite wide agreement that customer discrimination exists, the Theory has been examined empirically on a limited basis (see Nardinelli and Simon 1990; Borjas and Bronars 1989; Anderson and LaCroix 1991). To a large extent, this is due to the difficulty in finding a case of discrimination that can be clearly attributed to customers rather than to employers, fellow employees, and so forth. I argue, however, that women's colleges represent a heretofore unexamined example of customer discrimination present in the marketplace. Unlike the Traditional case, this form of discrimination does not involve customers (or employers) versus employees, but rather customers versus customers. The Women's College Coalition argues that there are numerous benefits to be obtained by attending a women's college. To mention only a few of those benefits, studies show that their students participate more in the classroom and extracurricular activities and have more opportunities to hold leadership positions. Women educated at women's colleges score higher on standardized achievement tests, are more likely to graduate, and are more successful in future careers (see Smith, Wolf, and Morrison 1995; Ledman, Miller, and Brown 1995). …

John R Haaga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • alpha glycolytic vasculogenesis better correlates with mri and ct imaging techniques than the Traditional oxygen vasculogenesis Theory
    American Journal of Roentgenology, 2014
    Co-Authors: John R Haaga, Rebecca Haaga, Indravadan Patel, Zachary Love, Joseph Moulter
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE. Traditional vasculogenesis has many contradictions related to treatment and imaging. This occurs because cancer also uses glycolysis, which does not need oxygen or arteries. Glycolytic lactate supports many procancer processes but high levels of it inhibit glycolysis. CONCLUSION. To avoid this, lactate induces vascular growth factors that initiate glycolytic vasculogenesis ALPHA (acidic lactate sequentially induces first lymphangiogenesis, phlebogenesis, and then arteriogenesis). The sequence of vessel development is lymphatics, veins, and then arteries. Modern contrast imaging depends more on veins than arteries, which is more consistent with ALPHA than the Traditional Theory.

He Yunfeng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • How Traditional Theory of Knowledge Was“Terminated”by Modern Psychology
    Journal of Shanghai Normal University, 2020
    Co-Authors: He Yunfeng
    Abstract:

    It is argued that in the history of science when modem psychology was derived from philosophy,it was intended to sci- entifically solve philosophical problems raised in the field of Theory of knowledge.This enabled modem psychology to be the“ter- minator”of Traditional epistemology.However,while terminating the Traditional epistemology,modem psychology itself provides new soil for the continuation of epistemology.Thus,the Traditional Theory of knowledge terminated by modem psychology inevita- bly has to be thoroughly transformed into modem epistemology,which inevitably differs from the Traditional epistemology.The most typical types of modem Theory of knowledge include schools of analytical philosophy(with an emphasis on language analy- sis)and philosophy of science(with an emphasis on objective knowledge).The author believes that all approaches in relation to science in contemporary western philosophy,as a matter of fact,are specific types of modem Theory of knowledge.

Zachary Love - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • alpha glycolytic vasculogenesis better correlates with mri and ct imaging techniques than the Traditional oxygen vasculogenesis Theory
    American Journal of Roentgenology, 2014
    Co-Authors: John R Haaga, Rebecca Haaga, Indravadan Patel, Zachary Love, Joseph Moulter
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE. Traditional vasculogenesis has many contradictions related to treatment and imaging. This occurs because cancer also uses glycolysis, which does not need oxygen or arteries. Glycolytic lactate supports many procancer processes but high levels of it inhibit glycolysis. CONCLUSION. To avoid this, lactate induces vascular growth factors that initiate glycolytic vasculogenesis ALPHA (acidic lactate sequentially induces first lymphangiogenesis, phlebogenesis, and then arteriogenesis). The sequence of vessel development is lymphatics, veins, and then arteries. Modern contrast imaging depends more on veins than arteries, which is more consistent with ALPHA than the Traditional Theory.