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David White - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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do professional facial image comparison Training Courses work
PLOS ONE, 2019Co-Authors: Alice Towler, Richard I Kemp, Mike A Burton, James D Dunn, Tanya Wayne, Reuben Moreton, David WhiteAbstract:Facial image comparison practitioners compare images of unfamiliar faces and decide whether or not they show the same person. Given the importance of these decisions for national security and criminal investigations, practitioners attend Training Courses to improve their face identification ability. However, these Courses have not been empirically validated so it is unknown if they improve accuracy. Here, we review the content of eleven professional Training Courses offered to staff at national security, police, intelligence, passport issuance, immigration and border control agencies around the world. All reviewed Courses include basic Training in facial anatomy and prescribe facial feature (or ‘morphological’) comparison. Next, we evaluate the effectiveness of four representative Courses by comparing face identification accuracy before and after Training in novices (n = 152) and practitioners (n = 236). We find very strong evidence that short (1-hour and half-day) professional Training Courses do not improve identification accuracy, despite 93% of trainees believing their performance had improved. We find some evidence of improvement in a 3-day Training course designed to introduce trainees to the unique feature-by-feature comparison strategy used by facial examiners in forensic settings. However, observed improvements are small, inconsistent across tests, and Training did not produce the qualitative changes associated with examiners’ expertise. Future research should test the benefits of longer examination-focussed Training Courses and incorporate longitudinal approaches to track improvements caused by mentoring and deliberate practice. In the absence of evidence that Training is effective, we advise agencies to explore alternative evidence-based strategies for improving the accuracy of face identification decisions.
Reuben Moreton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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do professional facial image comparison Training Courses work
PLOS ONE, 2019Co-Authors: Alice Towler, Richard I Kemp, Mike A Burton, James D Dunn, Tanya Wayne, Reuben Moreton, David WhiteAbstract:Facial image comparison practitioners compare images of unfamiliar faces and decide whether or not they show the same person. Given the importance of these decisions for national security and criminal investigations, practitioners attend Training Courses to improve their face identification ability. However, these Courses have not been empirically validated so it is unknown if they improve accuracy. Here, we review the content of eleven professional Training Courses offered to staff at national security, police, intelligence, passport issuance, immigration and border control agencies around the world. All reviewed Courses include basic Training in facial anatomy and prescribe facial feature (or ‘morphological’) comparison. Next, we evaluate the effectiveness of four representative Courses by comparing face identification accuracy before and after Training in novices (n = 152) and practitioners (n = 236). We find very strong evidence that short (1-hour and half-day) professional Training Courses do not improve identification accuracy, despite 93% of trainees believing their performance had improved. We find some evidence of improvement in a 3-day Training course designed to introduce trainees to the unique feature-by-feature comparison strategy used by facial examiners in forensic settings. However, observed improvements are small, inconsistent across tests, and Training did not produce the qualitative changes associated with examiners’ expertise. Future research should test the benefits of longer examination-focussed Training Courses and incorporate longitudinal approaches to track improvements caused by mentoring and deliberate practice. In the absence of evidence that Training is effective, we advise agencies to explore alternative evidence-based strategies for improving the accuracy of face identification decisions.
K Konov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Training and qualification of small scale res installers in europe the install res Training Courses
World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2013Co-Authors: W Kirchensteiner, M Merrone, M Esitini, Y Nemish, Y Magiera, G Halambalakis, S Tselepis, M Papež, N Grabant, K KonovAbstract:RES Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable energy sources sets an overall binding target of supplying 20% of European Union (EU)’s final energy consumption from renewable energy sources by 2020 with binding national targets for each Member State. Details of how these targets will be achieved in each Member State are described in National Renewable Energy Action Plans (NREAPs). High RES scenario presented in Energy Roadmap 2050 by European Commission (EC) foresees that 75% of the gross final energy can be supplied from renewable energy sources by 2050. This challenging target calls for a major effort to increase the number of qualified workers in the market able to cover the demand for high quality RES installations in the upcoming years. The substantial need for Training and qualification is acknowledged in the RES Directive, Article 14(3), which includes an obligation on the Member States to make provision for the Training and certification of installers of RES. This effort is also supported by actions such as the EC initiative Build Up Skills, launched by the Commission in 2011, which aims to unite forces to increase the number of qualified workforce by promoting Training and qualification in the field of energy efficiency and renewable energy in the building sector in Europe. The Install+RES Training Courses are fully in line with this line of action and aim at providing a pool of highly qualified trainers and installers (electricians, plumbers, roofers and technicians for heating systems) of small-scale renewable energy systems (biomass, solar, photovoltaic systems and heat pumps) for buildings in several European countries, namely Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Poland and Slovenia, by establishing Training Courses. 33 Courses have been implemented, 78 trainers and 516 installers have been qualified during the Install+RES project in the field of renewable energy systems installations. The Install+RES project started in May 2010 and ended in April 2013. The Install+RES project was co-financed by the European Commission in the framework of the Intelligent Energy Europe (IEE) Program. The Install+RES Training Courses material was developed in line with the requirements mentioned in Directive 2009/28/EC (Article 14, Annex IV). The Install+RES Training Courses were completed with an exam leading to a certification or qualification according to the requirements of the Directive 2009/28/EC. The high quality of the Courses offered within the Install+RES project was ensured by the “train the trainers” Courses. During the “train the trainers” Courses, the trainers, who will implement the Training Courses for installers, acquired practical and theoretical knowledge to properly implement the Training Courses for installers of small-scale renewable energy systems in their countries. During the “train the trainer” Courses, the trainers obtained the pedagogical and technical skills to implement the “Install+RES” Courses for installers in their respective countries (Italy, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Greece and Poland). The innovative aspects of the Install+RES “train the trainer” Courses such as the “hand on learning” concept, “tandem teaching” approach and the “multiplier effect” are highlighted in the following explanatory pages. The Install+RES “train the trainer” Courses was established in Munich, Germany, in German and English languages. The participants of the Training Courses were the Install+RES Training providers and also third party organisations interested in establishing Training Courses in their own countries. The content and the methodology of the Training Courses have been adapted to each target country (Poland, Italy, Slovenia, Bulgaria and Greece) according to the potential installers’ and markets’ needs resulting from the NREAPs in line with the RES Directive. The adapted material has been translated into the National languages of each target country. One pilot course and two Training Courses for installers have been offered in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Poland and Slovenia in the National languages. The Install+RES Training Courses are meant to be an investment for sustainability by evolutionary processes, which will lead to the establishment of a high quality of skills and as consequence to the maximization of Renewable Energy Systems (RES) s efficiency, reliability, lifetime and safety. The Training material and Training concept developed during the Install+RES project has given a strong contribution to ensure the achievement of the targets stated in the National Renewable Energy Action Plans and in the High RES scenario of the Energy Roadmap 2050 as well as to the roadmaps to 2020 developed within the BUILD UP SKILLS Initiative.
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Training and Qualification of Small-Scale RES Installers in Europe: The Install+RES Training Courses
2013Co-Authors: W Kirchensteiner, M Merrone, M Esitini, Y Nemish, Y Magiera, G Halambalakis, S Tselepis, M Papež, N Grabant, K KonovAbstract:RES Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable energy sources sets an overall binding target of supplying 20% of European Union (EU)’s final energy consumption from renewable energy sources by 2020 with binding national targets for each Member State. Details of how these targets will be achieved in each Member State are described in National Renewable Energy Action Plans (NREAPs). High RES scenario presented in Energy Roadmap 2050 by European Commission (EC) foresees that 75% of the gross final energy can be supplied from renewable energy sources by 2050. This challenging target calls for a major effort to increase the number of qualified workers in the market able to cover the demand for high quality RES installations in the upcoming years. The substantial need for Training and qualification is acknowledged in the RES Directive, Article 14(3), which includes an obligation on the Member States to make provision for the Training and certification of installers of RES. This effort is also supported by actions such as the EC initiative Build Up Skills, launched by the Commission in 2011, which aims to unite forces to increase the number of qualified workforce by promoting Training and qualification in the field of energy efficiency and renewable energy in the building sector in Europe. The Install+RES Training Courses are fully in line with this line of action and aim at providing a pool of highly qualified trainers and installers (electricians, plumbers, roofers and technicians for heating systems) of small-scale renewable energy systems (biomass, solar, photovoltaic systems and heat pumps) for buildings in several European countries, namely Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Poland and Slovenia, by establishing Training Courses. 33 Courses have been implemented, 78 trainers and 516 installers have been qualified during the Install+RES project in the field of renewable energy systems installations. The Install+RES project started in May 2010 and ended in April 2013. The Install+RES project was co-financed by the European Commission in the framework of the Intelligent Energy Europe (IEE) Program. The Install+RES Training Courses material was developed in line with the requirements mentioned in Directive 2009/28/EC (Article 14, Annex IV). The Install+RES Training Courses were completed with an exam leading to a certification or qualification according to the requirements of the Directive 2009/28/EC. The high quality of the Courses offered within the Install+RES project was ensured by the “train the trainers” Courses. During the “train the trainers” Courses, the trainers, who will implement the Training Courses for installers, acquired practical and theoretical knowledge to properly implement the Training Courses for installers of small-scale renewable energy systems in their countries. During the “train the trainer” Courses, the trainers obtained the pedagogical and technical skills to implement the “Install+RES” Courses for installers in their respective countries (Italy, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Greece and Poland). The innovative aspects of the Install+RES “train the trainer” Courses such as the “hand on learning” concept, “tandem teaching” approach and the “multiplier effect” are highlighted in the following explanatory pages. The Install+RES “train the trainer” Courses was established in Munich, Germany, in German and English languages. The participants of the Training Courses were the Install+RES Training providers and also third party organisations interested in establishing Training Courses in their own countries. The content and the methodology of the Training Courses have been adapted to each target country (Poland, Italy, Slovenia, Bulgaria and Greece) according to the potential installers’ and markets’ needs resulting from the NREAPs in line with the RES Directive. The adapted material has been translated into the National languages of each target country. One pilot course and two Training Courses for installers have been offered in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Poland and Slovenia in the National languages. The Install+RES Training Courses are meant to be an investment for sustainability by evolutionary processes, which will lead to the establishment of a high quality of skills and as consequence to the maximization of Renewable Energy Systems (RES) s efficiency, reliability, lifetime and safety. The Training material and Training concept developed during the Install+RES project has given a strong contribution to ensure the achievement of the targets stated in the National Renewable Energy Action Plans and in the High RES scenario of the Energy Roadmap 2050 as well as to the roadmaps to 2020 developed within the BUILD UP SKILLS Initiative.
Sridhar Rathinam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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implementation of a novel portfolio of structured curriculum aligned simulation based cardiothoracic surgery Training Courses evolving the delivery of surgical education
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2017Co-Authors: Narain Moorjani, Michael E Lewis, Rajesh Shah, Sion Barnard, Timothy R Graham, Sridhar RathinamAbstract:Abstract Objective The provision of high-quality cardiothoracic surgical Training faces many challenges. This has generated an increased interest in simulation-based learning, which can provide a less stressful environment for deliberate practice. We developed a comprehensive, structured program of knowledge and simulation-based learning aligned to the official cardiothoracic surgery curriculum. Methods A portfolio of 10 curriculum-aligned Training Courses was designed for cardiothoracic surgical trainees during their 6-year Training program. The Courses were delivered through a multitude of education methods, including live porcine operating simulation models, and were evaluated through a series of quantitative (5-point Likert-scale) and qualitative assessments. The trainees (n = 15-21 per course) also completed pre- and postsession self-confidence and competency levels for each Training episode of knowledge and skill, respectively. In addition, board examination pass rates were assessed in the 3-year periods before and after implementation of the Courses. Results Quantitative analysis of the trainees' feedback demonstrated an extremely positive view of the portfolio of the simulation-based Training Courses with excellent satisfaction scores (out of 5) for teaching sessions (4.44 ± 0.07), faculty (4.64 ± 0.07), content and materials (4.63 ± 0.07), and facilities (4.73 ± 0.05). The Courses have shown a significant improvement in the post–self-confidence (7.98 ± 0.13 vs 5.62 ± 0.20, P P P Conclusions This study has described the implementation of the only extensive program of structured simulation-based Courses that has been developed to complement clinical Training in cardiothoracic surgery.
Patricia Lannen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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efficacy of communication skills Training Courses in oncology a systematic review and meta analysis
Annals of Oncology, 2011Co-Authors: Jurgen Barth, Patricia LannenAbstract:Objective: Group Training in communication skills [communication skills Training (CST)] has become partly mandatory for oncology staff. However, so far, a comprehensive meta-analysis on the efficacy is lacking. Design: Included studies either compare the efficacy of a specific Training with a control group or look at the additional effect of booster sessions on communication behaviour, attitudes or patient outcomes. Methods: Four electronic databases were searched up to July 2008 without language restriction, and reference lists of earlier reviews were screened. Effect sizes (ESs) were extracted and pooled in random effects meta-analyses. Results: We included 13 trials (three non-randomised), 10 with no specific intervention in the control group. Meta-analysis showed a moderate effect of CST on communication behaviour ES = 0.54. Three trials compared basic Training Courses with more extensive Training Courses and showed a small additional effect on communication skills ES = 0.37. Trials investigating participants' attitudes ES = 0.35 and patient outcomes ES = 0.13 (trend) confirmed this effect. Conclusions: Training health professionals by CST is a promising approach to change communication behaviour and attitudes. Patients might also benefit from specifically trained health professionals but strong studies are lacking. However, feasibility and economic aspects have to be kept in mind when considering providing a Training of optimal length.
