The Experts below are selected from a list of 6636 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Janis K Kapler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the theory of the firm the theory of competition and the Transnational Corporation
    Competition and Change, 2007
    Co-Authors: Janis K Kapler
    Abstract:

    Abstract Coase's 1937 paper on 'The Nature of the Firm' formed the basis of the transaction-cost and internalization theories of Transnational enterprises in the 1970s through 1990s. These emphasized the problem of firms transferring intangible assets across national borders. Newer theories of the firm adopt resource-based Penrosian, knowledge-based, capabilities and evolutionary perspectives, yet most continue to explain the international firm as a function of transaction-cost economizing. It is argued that Coase's intention was to present a theory of the firm abstracted from its competitive environment. The application of this approach to a theory of the Transnational Corporation (TNC) is flawed because it cannot explain the TNC without reference to competitive conditions. This leaves us with incomplete theories of multinational firms, because they address transaction-cost problems and solutions to the exclusion of many other competitive considerations that must influence the Transnational step in the f...

Andrew Currah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • globalizing retail conceptualizing the distribution based Transnational Corporation tnc
    Progress in Human Geography, 2005
    Co-Authors: Neil Wrigley, Neil M Coe, Andrew Currah
    Abstract:

    In this article we argue that the retail Transnational Corporation (TNC) is an entity that merits urgent theoretical and empirical investigation from economic geographers. Using recent theoretical developments that conceptualize TNCs as the complex nexus of intrafirm, interfirm and extrafirm relational networks, we explore the special characteristics of retail TNCs that distinguish them from their manufacturing counterparts, still the predominant focus of interest in the literature on economic globalization. In particular, using Hess's (2004) notion of three different kinds of embeddedness (societal, network, territorial), we explain how it is the necessarily high territorial embeddedness in markets and cultures of consumption, planning and property systems, and logistical and supply chain operations that defines the distinctive theoretical and organization challenge of the retail TNC. In turn, we argue that this high level of embeddedness frequently implies a very different experience of host-market regulation than is found in other sectors. Additionally, we use Dicken's (2000) distinction between 'placing firms' and 'firming places' to explore how territorial embeddedness of the retail TNC is influenced by its societal embeddedness (home country institutional origins), and how network embeddedness is critical to an understanding of how places/host economies are inserted, reciprocally, into the organizational spaces of the retail TNCs. In particular, we argue that intrafirm management of innovation and knowledge dynamics across highly dispersed store and sourcing operations poses particular problems and possibilities for retail TNCs.

Dorotheee Baumann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • global rules and private actors toward a new role of the Transnational Corporation in global governance
    Business Ethics Quarterly, 2006
    Co-Authors: Andreas Georg Scherer, Guido Palazzo, Dorotheee Baumann
    Abstract:

    We discuss the role that Transnational Corporations (TNCs) should play in developing global governance, creating a framework of rules and regulations for the global economy. The central issue is whether TNCs should provide global rules and guarantee individual citizenship rights, or instead focus on maximizing profits. First, we describe the problems arising from the globalization process that affect the relationship between public rules and private firms. Next we consider the position of economic and management theories in relation to the social responsibility of the firm. We argue that instrumental stakeholder theory and business and society research can only partially solve the global governance issue, and that more recent concepts of corporate citizenship and republican business ethics deliver theoretically and practically helpful, fresh insights. However, even these need further development, especially with regard to the legitimacy of corporate political activity.

Steve Wood - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • establishing territorial embeddedness within retail Transnational Corporation tnc expansion the contribution of store development departments
    Regional Studies, 2014
    Co-Authors: Steve Wood, Jonathan Reynolds
    Abstract:

    Wood S. and Reynolds J. Establishing territorial embeddedness within retail Transnational Corporation (TNC) expansion: the contribution of store development departments, Regional Studies. Establishing territorial embeddedness within host regions in international retail expansion is well known to be important, although the processes underpinning its realization are less explicit. This research analyses some ‘emerging practices’ of international expansion planning by drawing on interviews across a sample of store development departments. The role of analysts within host regions in evaluating economic, institutional, cultural and social contexts, and appraising the viability of market-entry methods and store formats is explored. The competitive and regulatory dynamism of regions means that behaviour which encourages greater embeddedness following market entry can be particularly helpful in strengthening the marketing and development strategies of international subsidiaries.

  • financing internationalisation a case study of an african retail Transnational Corporation
    Journal of Economic Geography, 2009
    Co-Authors: Charles C Okeahalam, Steve Wood
    Abstract:

    Economic geographers are directing increasing attention to international expansion by leading retail Transnational Corporations (TNCs). However, there has been minimal examination of the financing methods of these firms and, while the major retail TNCs have supply relationships in sub-Saharan Africa, so far none have opened stores on the continent. Therefore, in this article we analyse expansion into sub-Saharan Africa by a second tier retail TNC (Shoprite) and explore its financing strategy. We find that the food retail sector in sub-Saharan Africa is experiencing strong growth with high financial returns. We identify a pecking order to financing the firm—with a preference for internal funding through retained earnings preceding long-term debt, and limited issuance of equity as a last resort. Given the efficiencies of debt financing, this preference is interpreted as reluctance to dilute returns to shareholders and as a pragmatic approach to financing expansion in ‘particularistic’ business environments.

Dang Jun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.