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Ming Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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CHAPTER 2:Thermoelectric Transport Theory in Organic Semiconductors
Energy and Environment Series, 2019Co-Authors: Ming LiuAbstract:The thermoelectric effect is hopefully a technique that can convert heat from the sun, industrial sectors and automobile exhausts to power energy. Due to current issues on energy production and the environment, the thermoelectric effect has recently become the subject of growing interest. Organic semiconductors are one kind of excellent material which exhibit the various thermoelectric characteristics based on the complexity of molecule structures with the relatively low thermal conductivities demanded for high thermoelectric performance. In this chapter, we will systemically describe the thermoelectric Transport Theory of organic semiconductors in detail. In Section 2.1, we will introduce the development of organic semiconductors, the Transport mechanism of organic semiconductors, and the concept of the thermoelectric Transport effect. In Section 2.2, the basic thermoelectric Transport equations will be discussed, including the Boltzmann Transport equation, Mott's expression and the general expression of the Seebeck effect. In Section 2.3, based on first-principles Theory, the hopping Transport Theory, the percolation Theory, the hybrid Theory, the thermoelectric Transport characteristics will be discussed in detail, respectively. In Section 2.4, based on Monte Carlo simulation, comparisons between the numeric and the analytical results of the Seebeck effect will be discussed. Finally, the future outlook of thermoelectric Transport Theory is briefly discussed in Section 2.5.
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Correction: A review of carrier thermoelectric-Transport Theory in organic semiconductors.
Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP, 2017Co-Authors: Ming LiuAbstract:Correction for 'A review of carrier thermoelectric-Transport Theory in organic semiconductors' by Nianduan Lu et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2016, 18, 19503-19525.
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A review of carrier thermoelectric-Transport Theory in organic semiconductors
Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP, 2016Co-Authors: Ming LiuAbstract:Carrier thermoelectric-Transport Theory has recently become of growing interest and numerous thermoelectric-Transport models have been proposed for organic semiconductors, due to pressing current issues involving energy production and the environment. The purpose of this review is to provide a theoretical description of the thermoelectric Seebeck effect in organic semiconductors. Special attention is devoted to the carrier concentration, temperature, polaron effect and dipole effect dependence of the Seebeck effect and its relationship to hopping Transport Theory. Furthermore, various theoretical methods are used to discuss carrier thermoelectric Transport. Finally, an outlook of the remaining challenges ahead for future theoretical research is provided.
Eric I. Thorsos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Examination of extensions to Transport Theory that includes rough surface scattering
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2018Co-Authors: Eric I. Thorsos, Frank S. HenyeyAbstract:Sea surface forward scattering has important effects on shallow water propagation and reverberation at mid frequencies (i.e., 1–3 kHz) under typical sea surface roughness conditions. Coupled-mode or rough surface PE modeling of these effects require averaging results over many rough surface realizations, increasing the computational effort. An alternative method is based on Transport Theory, where equations are developed for propagating the moments of the field, avoiding the need for utilizing rough surface realizations. Our Transport Theory method is based on expanding the field in unperturbed modes, and the equations of motion are for moments of the mode amplitudes. The approach has been based on keeping terms to only first-order in the surface height h(x), making the method linear in surface height. Methods for extending the approach beyond the linear model will be described, both with using realizations with coupled modes and with attempts to extend these approaches to obtain a Transport Theory. A key part of the approach is the use of the Differential Algebraic Equation (DAE) method in which the range-derivative of the effective boundary condition on the mean plane of the rough surface is used instead of the effective boundary condition itself. [Work supported by ONR Ocean Acoustics.]Sea surface forward scattering has important effects on shallow water propagation and reverberation at mid frequencies (i.e., 1–3 kHz) under typical sea surface roughness conditions. Coupled-mode or rough surface PE modeling of these effects require averaging results over many rough surface realizations, increasing the computational effort. An alternative method is based on Transport Theory, where equations are developed for propagating the moments of the field, avoiding the need for utilizing rough surface realizations. Our Transport Theory method is based on expanding the field in unperturbed modes, and the equations of motion are for moments of the mode amplitudes. The approach has been based on keeping terms to only first-order in the surface height h(x), making the method linear in surface height. Methods for extending the approach beyond the linear model will be described, both with using realizations with coupled modes and with attempts to extend these approaches to obtain a Transport Theory. A key...
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Transport Theory for Propagation and Reverberation
2014Co-Authors: Eric I. ThorsosAbstract:Abstract : The main goals proposed for this project were to extend Transport Theory to range dependent environments and to develop reverberation modeling based on Transport Theory. The stochastic process emphasized was forward scattering from the sea surface, since it is the most important effect on reverberation modeling that is not being taken into account in reverberation modeling prediction for naval applications. The effect of sea surface forward scattering can affect predicted reverberation levels at mid frequencies by more than 10 dB, and therefore it is one of very few physical effects (if not the only one) not presently being taken into account that can lead to such large reverberation modeling uncertainties. The need to account for surface forward scattering with traditional reverberation modeling approaches readily accessable for naval applications is also being addressed with the development of an effective reflection loss model for the total field, referred to as TOTLOS. The original approach in developing TOTLOS was to base it on the results of Monte Carlo rough surface PE results, but as Transport Theory became available it became clear that results from it were much more suitable to support TOTLOS development, making it an important secondary goal of the present project.
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Reverberation data/model comparisons using Transport Theory
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2014Co-Authors: Eric I. Thorsos, Jie Yang, Frank S. Henyey, W. T. ElamAbstract:Transport Theory has been developed for modeling shallow water propagation and reverberation at mid frequencies (1–10 kHz) where forward scattering from a rough sea surface is taken into account in a computationally efficient manner. The method is based on a decomposition of the field in terms of unperturbed modes, and forward scattering at the sea surface leads to mode coupling that is treated with perturbation Theory. Reverberation measurements made during TREX13 combined with extensive environmental measurements provide an important test of Transport Theory predictions. Modeling indicates that the measured reverberation was dominated by bottom reverberation, and the reverberation level in the 2−4 kHz band was observed to decrease as the sea surface conditions increased from a low sea state to a higher sea state. This suggests that surface forward scattering was responsible for the change in reverberation level. Results of data/model comparisons examining this effect will be shown. [Work supported by ONR Ocean Acoustics.]
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Reverberation modeling with Transport Theory
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2012Co-Authors: Eric I. Thorsos, Jie Yang, W. T. Elam, Frank S. HenyeyAbstract:Transport Theory has been developed for modeling shallow water propagation at mid frequencies (1-10 kHz) where forward scattering from a rough sea surface is taken into account in a computationally efficient manner. The method is based on a decomposition of the field in terms of unperturbed modes, and forward scattering at the sea surface leads to mode coupling that is treated with perturbation Theory. Transport Theory has recently been extended to model shallow water reverberation, including the effect of forward scattering from the sea surface. Transport Theory results will be compared with other solutions for reverberation examples taken from ONR Reverberation Modeling Workshop problems. These comparisons show the importance of properly accounting for multiple forward scattering in shallow water reverberation modeling. [Work supported by ONR Ocean Acoustics.]
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Transport Theory for range dependent environments.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2010Co-Authors: Eric I. Thorsos, Jie Yang, W. T. Elam, Frank S. Henyey, Stephen A. ReynoldsAbstract:Transport Theory has been developed for modeling shallow water propagation at mid frequencies (1–10 kHz) where forward scattering from a rough sea surface is taken into account in a computationally efficient manner. The method is based on a decomposition of the field in terms of unperturbed modes, and forward scattering at the sea surface leads to mode coupling that is treated with perturbation Theory. Aside from the rough sea surface, the environment has previously been taken as range independent. In order to extend the applicability of this approach, range dependence is now considered in the form of a varying bottom depth. The conditions under which adiabatic modes can be incorporated into Transport Theory to account for slow deterministic variation in the waveguide depth have been investigated and will be described. Rough surface PE simulations are used to provide ground truth for the Transport Theory method. [Work supported by ONR Ocean Acoustics.]
Rarl Malfliet - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Relativistic Transport Theory
Nuclear Physics A, 1993Co-Authors: Rarl MalflietAbstract:We discuss the present status of relativistic Transport Theory. Special emphasis is put on problems of topical interest: hadronic features, thermodynamical consistent approximations and spectral properties.
Jie Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Reverberation data/model comparisons using Transport Theory
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2014Co-Authors: Eric I. Thorsos, Jie Yang, Frank S. Henyey, W. T. ElamAbstract:Transport Theory has been developed for modeling shallow water propagation and reverberation at mid frequencies (1–10 kHz) where forward scattering from a rough sea surface is taken into account in a computationally efficient manner. The method is based on a decomposition of the field in terms of unperturbed modes, and forward scattering at the sea surface leads to mode coupling that is treated with perturbation Theory. Reverberation measurements made during TREX13 combined with extensive environmental measurements provide an important test of Transport Theory predictions. Modeling indicates that the measured reverberation was dominated by bottom reverberation, and the reverberation level in the 2−4 kHz band was observed to decrease as the sea surface conditions increased from a low sea state to a higher sea state. This suggests that surface forward scattering was responsible for the change in reverberation level. Results of data/model comparisons examining this effect will be shown. [Work supported by ONR Ocean Acoustics.]
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Reverberation modeling with Transport Theory
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2012Co-Authors: Eric I. Thorsos, Jie Yang, W. T. Elam, Frank S. HenyeyAbstract:Transport Theory has been developed for modeling shallow water propagation at mid frequencies (1-10 kHz) where forward scattering from a rough sea surface is taken into account in a computationally efficient manner. The method is based on a decomposition of the field in terms of unperturbed modes, and forward scattering at the sea surface leads to mode coupling that is treated with perturbation Theory. Transport Theory has recently been extended to model shallow water reverberation, including the effect of forward scattering from the sea surface. Transport Theory results will be compared with other solutions for reverberation examples taken from ONR Reverberation Modeling Workshop problems. These comparisons show the importance of properly accounting for multiple forward scattering in shallow water reverberation modeling. [Work supported by ONR Ocean Acoustics.]
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Transport Theory for range dependent environments.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2010Co-Authors: Eric I. Thorsos, Jie Yang, W. T. Elam, Frank S. Henyey, Stephen A. ReynoldsAbstract:Transport Theory has been developed for modeling shallow water propagation at mid frequencies (1–10 kHz) where forward scattering from a rough sea surface is taken into account in a computationally efficient manner. The method is based on a decomposition of the field in terms of unperturbed modes, and forward scattering at the sea surface leads to mode coupling that is treated with perturbation Theory. Aside from the rough sea surface, the environment has previously been taken as range independent. In order to extend the applicability of this approach, range dependence is now considered in the form of a varying bottom depth. The conditions under which adiabatic modes can be incorporated into Transport Theory to account for slow deterministic variation in the waveguide depth have been investigated and will be described. Rough surface PE simulations are used to provide ground truth for the Transport Theory method. [Work supported by ONR Ocean Acoustics.]
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Transport Theory for Shallow Water Propagation with Rough Boundaries
2010Co-Authors: Eric I. Thorsos, W. T. Elam, Frank S. Henyey, Stephen A. Reynolds, Brian T. Hefner, Jie YangAbstract:At frequencies of about 1 kHz and higher, forward scattering from a rough sea surface (and/or a rough bottom) can strongly affect shallow water propagation and reverberation. The need exists for a fast, yet accurate method for modeling such propagation where multiple forward scattering occurs. A Transport Theory method based on mode coupling is described that yields the first and second moments of the field. This approach shows promise for accurately treating multiple forward scattering in one‐way propagation. The method is presently formulated in two space dimensions, and Monte‐Carlo rough surface PE simulations are used for assessing the accuracy of Transport Theory results.
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Transport Theory for shallow water propagation with rough boundaries.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2009Co-Authors: Eric I. Thorsos, W. T. Elam, Frank S. Henyey, Stephen A. Reynolds, Brian T. Hefner, Jie YangAbstract:At frequencies of about 1 kHz and higher, forward scattering from a rough sea surface (and/or a rough bottom) can strongly affect shallow water propagation and reverberation. The need exists for a fast, yet accurate method for modeling such propagation where multiple forward scattering occurs. A Transport Theory method based on mode coupling will be described that yields the first and second moments of the field. This approach shows promise for accurately treating multiple forward scattering in one‐way propagation. The method is presently formulated in two space dimensions, and Monte Carlo rough surface PE simulations are used for assessing the accuracy of Transport Theory results. [Work supported by ONR Ocean Acoustics.]
Frank S. Henyey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Examination of extensions to Transport Theory that includes rough surface scattering
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2018Co-Authors: Eric I. Thorsos, Frank S. HenyeyAbstract:Sea surface forward scattering has important effects on shallow water propagation and reverberation at mid frequencies (i.e., 1–3 kHz) under typical sea surface roughness conditions. Coupled-mode or rough surface PE modeling of these effects require averaging results over many rough surface realizations, increasing the computational effort. An alternative method is based on Transport Theory, where equations are developed for propagating the moments of the field, avoiding the need for utilizing rough surface realizations. Our Transport Theory method is based on expanding the field in unperturbed modes, and the equations of motion are for moments of the mode amplitudes. The approach has been based on keeping terms to only first-order in the surface height h(x), making the method linear in surface height. Methods for extending the approach beyond the linear model will be described, both with using realizations with coupled modes and with attempts to extend these approaches to obtain a Transport Theory. A key part of the approach is the use of the Differential Algebraic Equation (DAE) method in which the range-derivative of the effective boundary condition on the mean plane of the rough surface is used instead of the effective boundary condition itself. [Work supported by ONR Ocean Acoustics.]Sea surface forward scattering has important effects on shallow water propagation and reverberation at mid frequencies (i.e., 1–3 kHz) under typical sea surface roughness conditions. Coupled-mode or rough surface PE modeling of these effects require averaging results over many rough surface realizations, increasing the computational effort. An alternative method is based on Transport Theory, where equations are developed for propagating the moments of the field, avoiding the need for utilizing rough surface realizations. Our Transport Theory method is based on expanding the field in unperturbed modes, and the equations of motion are for moments of the mode amplitudes. The approach has been based on keeping terms to only first-order in the surface height h(x), making the method linear in surface height. Methods for extending the approach beyond the linear model will be described, both with using realizations with coupled modes and with attempts to extend these approaches to obtain a Transport Theory. A key...
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Reverberation data/model comparisons using Transport Theory
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2014Co-Authors: Eric I. Thorsos, Jie Yang, Frank S. Henyey, W. T. ElamAbstract:Transport Theory has been developed for modeling shallow water propagation and reverberation at mid frequencies (1–10 kHz) where forward scattering from a rough sea surface is taken into account in a computationally efficient manner. The method is based on a decomposition of the field in terms of unperturbed modes, and forward scattering at the sea surface leads to mode coupling that is treated with perturbation Theory. Reverberation measurements made during TREX13 combined with extensive environmental measurements provide an important test of Transport Theory predictions. Modeling indicates that the measured reverberation was dominated by bottom reverberation, and the reverberation level in the 2−4 kHz band was observed to decrease as the sea surface conditions increased from a low sea state to a higher sea state. This suggests that surface forward scattering was responsible for the change in reverberation level. Results of data/model comparisons examining this effect will be shown. [Work supported by ONR Ocean Acoustics.]
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Reverberation modeling with Transport Theory
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2012Co-Authors: Eric I. Thorsos, Jie Yang, W. T. Elam, Frank S. HenyeyAbstract:Transport Theory has been developed for modeling shallow water propagation at mid frequencies (1-10 kHz) where forward scattering from a rough sea surface is taken into account in a computationally efficient manner. The method is based on a decomposition of the field in terms of unperturbed modes, and forward scattering at the sea surface leads to mode coupling that is treated with perturbation Theory. Transport Theory has recently been extended to model shallow water reverberation, including the effect of forward scattering from the sea surface. Transport Theory results will be compared with other solutions for reverberation examples taken from ONR Reverberation Modeling Workshop problems. These comparisons show the importance of properly accounting for multiple forward scattering in shallow water reverberation modeling. [Work supported by ONR Ocean Acoustics.]
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Transport Theory for range dependent environments.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2010Co-Authors: Eric I. Thorsos, Jie Yang, W. T. Elam, Frank S. Henyey, Stephen A. ReynoldsAbstract:Transport Theory has been developed for modeling shallow water propagation at mid frequencies (1–10 kHz) where forward scattering from a rough sea surface is taken into account in a computationally efficient manner. The method is based on a decomposition of the field in terms of unperturbed modes, and forward scattering at the sea surface leads to mode coupling that is treated with perturbation Theory. Aside from the rough sea surface, the environment has previously been taken as range independent. In order to extend the applicability of this approach, range dependence is now considered in the form of a varying bottom depth. The conditions under which adiabatic modes can be incorporated into Transport Theory to account for slow deterministic variation in the waveguide depth have been investigated and will be described. Rough surface PE simulations are used to provide ground truth for the Transport Theory method. [Work supported by ONR Ocean Acoustics.]
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Transport Theory for Shallow Water Propagation with Rough Boundaries
2010Co-Authors: Eric I. Thorsos, W. T. Elam, Frank S. Henyey, Stephen A. Reynolds, Brian T. Hefner, Jie YangAbstract:At frequencies of about 1 kHz and higher, forward scattering from a rough sea surface (and/or a rough bottom) can strongly affect shallow water propagation and reverberation. The need exists for a fast, yet accurate method for modeling such propagation where multiple forward scattering occurs. A Transport Theory method based on mode coupling is described that yields the first and second moments of the field. This approach shows promise for accurately treating multiple forward scattering in one‐way propagation. The method is presently formulated in two space dimensions, and Monte‐Carlo rough surface PE simulations are used for assessing the accuracy of Transport Theory results.
