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Jaroslav Vadlejch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Reliable molecular differentiation of Trichuris ovis and Trichuris discolor from sheep (ovis orientalis aries) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and morphological characterisation of their females: morphology does not work sufficiently
Parasitology Research, 2017Co-Authors: Pavel Vejl, Ivana Jankovská, Stanislava Nechybová, Pavla Peřinková, Martina Melounová, Vladimíra Sedláková, Jakub Vašek, Daniela Čílová, Kateřina Rylková, Jaroslav VadlejchAbstract:The main aim of the study was to evaluate associations between morphological variability of Trichuris females from sheep and roe deer and their rDNA polymorphism in whipworm populations from the Czech Republic. The results introduced the use of new molecular markers based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1-5.8S RNA-ITS2 region polymorphisms, as useful tools for the unambiguous differentiation of congeners Trichuris ovis and Trichuris discolor . These markers revealed both parasites in roe deer and in sheep; however, T. ovis females predominated in sheep while T. discolor females occurred mostly in roe deer. Additional analysis of ITS1-5.8 rRNA-ITS2 discovered the genetic uniformity of the analysed T. discolor but high haplotype variation of T. ovis . Simultaneously, molecularly designated female individuals of both species were categorised into four morphotypes (MT) on the basis of morphology of genital pore area. MT1 and MT4 (vulvar opening on everted vaginal appendage/on visible cuticular bulge) occurred only in T. ovis , MT2 (uneverted vagina—vulvar opening without any elevation) was identified only in T. discolor and MT3 (transient type of vulvar opening on a small swelling) was observed in both species. Statistical analysis of biometric data confirmed that morphology of vulva is not a reliable marker for the species determination. On the basis of the ITS1-5.8S RNA-ITS2 region variability, we carried out a phylogenetic analysis (maximum likelihood method, Hasegawa-Kishino-Yano model) which showed that T. ovis haplotypes from the Czech Republic and Ireland and T. discolor haplotypes from the Czech Republic, Spain, Iran and Japan are sister OTUs.
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The first determination of Trichuris sp. from roe deer by amplification and sequenation of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 segment of ribosomal DNA
Parasitology Research, 2013Co-Authors: O. Salaba, Jaroslav Vadlejch, Ivana Jankovská, K. Rylková, M. Petrtýl, Š. Scháňková, A. Brožová, L. Jebavý, Iva LangrováAbstract:Trichuris nematodes were isolated from roe deer ( Capreolus capreolus ). At first, nematodes were determined using morphological and biometrical methods. Subsequently genomic DNA was isolated and the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 segment from ribosomal DNA (RNA) was amplified and sequenced using PCR techniques. With u sing morphological and biometrical methods, female nematodes were identified as Trichuris globulosa , and the only male was identified as Trichuris ovis . The females were classified into four morphotypes. However, analysis of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) of specimens did not confirm this classification. Moreover, the female individuals morphologically determined as T. globulosa were molecularly identified as Trichuris discolor . In the case of the only male molecular analysis match the result of the molecular identification. Furthermore, a comparative phylogenetic study was carried out with the ITS1 and ITS2 sequences of the Trichuris species from various hosts. A comparison of biometric information from T. discolor individuals from this study was also conducted.
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Linear distribution of nematodes in the gastrointestinal tract of tracer lambs
Parasitology Research, 2008Co-Authors: Kateřina Makovcová, Iva Langrová, Jaroslav Vadlejch, Ivana Jankovská, Andriy Lytvynets, Marie BorkovcováAbstract:Forty-eight tracer lambs were killed in 2004–2007. The abomasum, duodenum, small intestine (jejunum and ileum), colon and caecum were collected and processed for parasites enumeration and identification—mucosal scrapings of both abomasums and intestines were digested. Out of 48 gastrointestinal tracts examined, all were found to be positive for nematode infection. Seventeen species of gastrointestinal nematodes were recovered: Bunostomum trigonocephalum , Cooperia curticei , Haemonchus contortus , Chabertia ovina , Nematodirus battus , Nematodirus filicollis , Oesophagostomum venulosum , Teladorsagia circumcincta , Trichostrongylus axei , Trichostrongylus colubriformis , Trichostrongylus vitrinus , Strongyloides papillosus , Trichuris ovis , Trichuris globulosa , Trichuris skrjabini and Skrjabinema ovis. All species were searched for in the entire gastrointestinal tract. Six species of nematodes were recovered from abnormal sites, naturally in small numbers of lambs as well as in small amounts: Nematodirus battus in the abomasums (6.67% of lambs), N. filicollis in the caecum and in the colon (%4 and 8%, respectively), T. axei in the colon (9.52%), T. colubriformis in the colon (13.89%), T. vitrinus in the caecum (16.67%), in the colon (20.00%) and in the abomasum (3.33%). T. ovis was found in one case in the small intestine.
Cristina Cutillas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Taxonomy and phylogeny of Trichuris globulosa Von Linstow, 1901 from camels. A review of Trichuris species parasitizing herbivorous.
Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2015Co-Authors: Rocio Callejon, Antonio Zurita, L. Gutiérrez-avilés, M Rojas, Ali Halajian, Cristina CutillasAbstract:At the present work, we carried out a morph-biometrical and molecular study of Trichuris species isolated from Camelus dromedarius from Iran and from ovis aries from South Africa comparatively with other species of Trichuris from different herbivorous hosts and geographical regions. The population from camels from Iran was identified as Trichuris globulosa. Two different morphometrically populations of Trichuris sp. from sheep from South Africa were identified: Trichuris ovis and Trichuris skrjabini. Ribosomal data did not reveal significate differences in the ITS2 sequences between T. ovis and T. globulosa to assess a specific determination. The mitochondrial data suggest that T. globulosa constitute a different genetic lineage to T. ovis. Cytochrome c-oxidase and cytochrome b partial gene sequences corroborated the existence of a different genetic lineage of T. ovis from sheep of South Africa that would be closely related to the populations of T. globulosa from camels from Iran. The cytochrome c-oxidase and cytochrome b partial gene sequences of T. globulosa have been reported for the first time.
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Determination of Trichuris skrjabini by Sequencing of the ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 Segment of the Ribosomal DNA: Comparative Molecular Study of Different Species of Trichurids
The Journal of parasitology, 2004Co-Authors: Cristina Cutillas, M Rojas, R. Oliveros, D. C. GuevaraAbstract:Adults of Trichuris skrjabini have been isolated from the cecum of caprine hosts (Capra hircus), Trichuris ovis and Trichuris globulosa from ovis aries (sheep) and C. hircus (goats), and Trichuris leporis from Lepus europaeus (rabbits) in Spain. Genomic DNA was isolated and the ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 segment from the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) was amplified and sequenced by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. The ITS1 of T. skrjabini, T. ovis, T. globulosa, and T. leporis was 495, 757, 757, and 536 nucleotides in length, respectively, and had G + C contents of 59.6, 58.7, 58.7, and 60.8%, respectively. Intraindividual variation was detected in the ITS1 sequences of the 4 species. Furthermore, the 5.8S sequences of T. skrjabini, T. ovis, T. globulosa, and T. leporis were compared. A total of 157, 152, 153, and 157 nucleotides in length was observed in the 5.8S sequences of these 4 species, respectively. There were no sequence differences of ITS1 and 5.8S products between T. ovis and T. globulosa. Nevertheless, c...
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Characterization of Trichuris skrjabini by isoenzyme gel electrophoresis: comparative study with Trichuris ovis
Acta Tropica, 1996Co-Authors: Cristina Cutillas, P. German, P. Arias, D. C. GuevaraAbstract:Abstract Morphological and biometric studies were performed in Trichuris skrjabini (Baskakov, 1924) collected from the caecum of Capra hircus. The LDH (EC 1.1.1.27.), G6PD (EC 1.1.1.49.), GPI (EC 5.3.1.9.), MDH (EC 1.1.1.37) and malic enzyme (ME) (EC 1.1.1.40) isoenzymatic patterns of T. skrjabini were determined by starch gel electrophoresis. The G6PD and GPI isoenzymatic patterns of T. skrjabini displayed two anodic bands for both enzymes: one fast migration band and one band near the origin. This isoenzymatic pattern was interpreted as two gene loci encoding both enzymes. The LDH isoenzymatic pattern of T. skrjabini was characterized by the presence of a cathodically migrating band, while the MDH isoenzymatic pattern showed a very slow cathodic band. These two phenotypes were interpreted as the expression of a homozygous state of a gene locus for LDH and MDH in T. skrjabini. The ME isoenzymatic pattern was characterized by the presence of a single anodic band. Further, comparative isoenzymatic studies were carried out between T. skrjabini and T. ovis. The different G6PD, GPI, LDH, MDH and ME isoenzymatic patterns observed for both species allowed us to distinguish them and therefore to use isoenzymatic patterns as a diagnostic tool to differentiate species of Trichuris.
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Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase: isoenzymatic pattern in Oesophagostomum venulosum, Trichuris ovis and T. suis
Journal of Helminthology, 1991Co-Authors: B. Rodriguez, Cristina Cutillas, P. German, D. C. GuevaraAbstract:In the present communication we have studied the isoenzymatic pattern activity of the glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in Oesophagostomum venulosum, Trichuris ovis and T. suis , parasites of Capra hircus (goat), ovis aries (sheep) and Sus scrofa domestica (pig) respectively, by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Different phenotypes have been observed in the G6PD isoenzymatic pattern activity in males and females of Oesophagostomum venulosum . Furthermore, G6PD activity has been assayed in Trichuris ovis collected from ovis aries and Capra hircus . No differences have been observed in the isoenzymatic patterns attending to the different hosts. All the individuals exhibited one single band or two bands; this suggests a monomeric condition for G6PD in T. ovis . In T. suis the enzyme G6PD appeared as a single electrophoretic band in about 85·7% of the individuals.
Huiqun Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characterization of the complete mitochondrial genomes of two whipworms Trichuris ovis and Trichuris discolor nematoda trichuridae
Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2012Co-Authors: Minjun Xu, Yonggang Ye, Jiayuan Li, Donghui Zhou, Huiqun SongAbstract:Abstract For many years, whipworms ( Trichuris spp.) have been described with a relatively narrow range of both morphological and biometrical features. Moreover, there has been insufficient discrimination between congeners (or closely related species). In the present study, we determined the complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes of two whipworms Trichuris ovis and Trichuris discolor , compared them and then tested the hypothesis that T. ovis and T. discolor are distinct species by phylogenetic analyses using Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony) based on the deduced amino acid sequences of the mt protein-coding genes. The complete mt genomes of T. ovis and T. discolor were 13,946 bp and 13,904 bp in size, respectively. Both mt genomes are circular, and consist of 37 genes, including 13 genes coding for proteins, 2 genes for rRNA, and 22 genes for tRNA. The gene content and arrangement are identical to that of human and pig whipworms Trichuris trichiura and Trichuris suis . Taken together, these analyses showed genetic distinctiveness and strongly supported the recent proposal that T. ovis and T. discolor are distinct species using nuclear ribosomal DNA and a portion of the mtDNA sequence dataset. The availability of the complete mtDNA sequences of T. ovis and T. discolor provides novel genetic markers for studying the population genetics, diagnostics and molecular epidemiology of T. ovis and T. discolor .
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Genetic variability among Trichuris ovis isolates from different hosts in Guangdong Province, China revealed by sequences of three mitochondrial genes.
Mitochondrial DNA, 2012Co-Authors: Yan Wang, Huiqun Song, Donghui Zhou, Guo-hua Liu, Rui-qing Lin, Xing-quan ZhuAbstract:This study examined sequence variation in three mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) regions, namely cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1), NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (nad5) and cytochrome b (cytb), among Trichuris ovis isolates from different hosts in Guangdong Province, China. A portion of the cox1 (pcox1), nad5 (pnad5) and cytb (pcytb) genes was amplified separately from individual whipworms by PCR, and was subjected to sequencing from both directions. The size of the sequences of pcox1, pnad5 and pcytb was 618, 240 and 464 bp, respectively. Although the intra-specific sequence variations within T. ovis were 0–0.8% for pcox1, 0–0.8% for pnad5 and 0–1.9% for pcytb, the inter-specific sequence differences among members of the genus Trichuris were significantly higher, being 24.3–26.5% for pcox1, 33.7–56.4% for pnad5 and 24.8–26.1% for pcytb, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses using combined sequences of pcox1, pnad5 and pcytb, with three different computational algorithms (maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony a...
Ivana Jankovská - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Reliable molecular differentiation of Trichuris ovis and Trichuris discolor from sheep (ovis orientalis aries) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and morphological characterisation of their females: morphology does not work sufficiently
Parasitology Research, 2017Co-Authors: Pavel Vejl, Ivana Jankovská, Stanislava Nechybová, Pavla Peřinková, Martina Melounová, Vladimíra Sedláková, Jakub Vašek, Daniela Čílová, Kateřina Rylková, Jaroslav VadlejchAbstract:The main aim of the study was to evaluate associations between morphological variability of Trichuris females from sheep and roe deer and their rDNA polymorphism in whipworm populations from the Czech Republic. The results introduced the use of new molecular markers based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1-5.8S RNA-ITS2 region polymorphisms, as useful tools for the unambiguous differentiation of congeners Trichuris ovis and Trichuris discolor . These markers revealed both parasites in roe deer and in sheep; however, T. ovis females predominated in sheep while T. discolor females occurred mostly in roe deer. Additional analysis of ITS1-5.8 rRNA-ITS2 discovered the genetic uniformity of the analysed T. discolor but high haplotype variation of T. ovis . Simultaneously, molecularly designated female individuals of both species were categorised into four morphotypes (MT) on the basis of morphology of genital pore area. MT1 and MT4 (vulvar opening on everted vaginal appendage/on visible cuticular bulge) occurred only in T. ovis , MT2 (uneverted vagina—vulvar opening without any elevation) was identified only in T. discolor and MT3 (transient type of vulvar opening on a small swelling) was observed in both species. Statistical analysis of biometric data confirmed that morphology of vulva is not a reliable marker for the species determination. On the basis of the ITS1-5.8S RNA-ITS2 region variability, we carried out a phylogenetic analysis (maximum likelihood method, Hasegawa-Kishino-Yano model) which showed that T. ovis haplotypes from the Czech Republic and Ireland and T. discolor haplotypes from the Czech Republic, Spain, Iran and Japan are sister OTUs.
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The first determination of Trichuris sp. from roe deer by amplification and sequenation of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 segment of ribosomal DNA
Parasitology Research, 2013Co-Authors: O. Salaba, Jaroslav Vadlejch, Ivana Jankovská, K. Rylková, M. Petrtýl, Š. Scháňková, A. Brožová, L. Jebavý, Iva LangrováAbstract:Trichuris nematodes were isolated from roe deer ( Capreolus capreolus ). At first, nematodes were determined using morphological and biometrical methods. Subsequently genomic DNA was isolated and the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 segment from ribosomal DNA (RNA) was amplified and sequenced using PCR techniques. With u sing morphological and biometrical methods, female nematodes were identified as Trichuris globulosa , and the only male was identified as Trichuris ovis . The females were classified into four morphotypes. However, analysis of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) of specimens did not confirm this classification. Moreover, the female individuals morphologically determined as T. globulosa were molecularly identified as Trichuris discolor . In the case of the only male molecular analysis match the result of the molecular identification. Furthermore, a comparative phylogenetic study was carried out with the ITS1 and ITS2 sequences of the Trichuris species from various hosts. A comparison of biometric information from T. discolor individuals from this study was also conducted.
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Linear distribution of nematodes in the gastrointestinal tract of tracer lambs
Parasitology Research, 2008Co-Authors: Kateřina Makovcová, Iva Langrová, Jaroslav Vadlejch, Ivana Jankovská, Andriy Lytvynets, Marie BorkovcováAbstract:Forty-eight tracer lambs were killed in 2004–2007. The abomasum, duodenum, small intestine (jejunum and ileum), colon and caecum were collected and processed for parasites enumeration and identification—mucosal scrapings of both abomasums and intestines were digested. Out of 48 gastrointestinal tracts examined, all were found to be positive for nematode infection. Seventeen species of gastrointestinal nematodes were recovered: Bunostomum trigonocephalum , Cooperia curticei , Haemonchus contortus , Chabertia ovina , Nematodirus battus , Nematodirus filicollis , Oesophagostomum venulosum , Teladorsagia circumcincta , Trichostrongylus axei , Trichostrongylus colubriformis , Trichostrongylus vitrinus , Strongyloides papillosus , Trichuris ovis , Trichuris globulosa , Trichuris skrjabini and Skrjabinema ovis. All species were searched for in the entire gastrointestinal tract. Six species of nematodes were recovered from abnormal sites, naturally in small numbers of lambs as well as in small amounts: Nematodirus battus in the abomasums (6.67% of lambs), N. filicollis in the caecum and in the colon (%4 and 8%, respectively), T. axei in the colon (9.52%), T. colubriformis in the colon (13.89%), T. vitrinus in the caecum (16.67%), in the colon (20.00%) and in the abomasum (3.33%). T. ovis was found in one case in the small intestine.
D. C. Guevara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Determination of Trichuris skrjabini by Sequencing of the ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 Segment of the Ribosomal DNA: Comparative Molecular Study of Different Species of Trichurids
The Journal of parasitology, 2004Co-Authors: Cristina Cutillas, M Rojas, R. Oliveros, D. C. GuevaraAbstract:Adults of Trichuris skrjabini have been isolated from the cecum of caprine hosts (Capra hircus), Trichuris ovis and Trichuris globulosa from ovis aries (sheep) and C. hircus (goats), and Trichuris leporis from Lepus europaeus (rabbits) in Spain. Genomic DNA was isolated and the ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 segment from the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) was amplified and sequenced by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. The ITS1 of T. skrjabini, T. ovis, T. globulosa, and T. leporis was 495, 757, 757, and 536 nucleotides in length, respectively, and had G + C contents of 59.6, 58.7, 58.7, and 60.8%, respectively. Intraindividual variation was detected in the ITS1 sequences of the 4 species. Furthermore, the 5.8S sequences of T. skrjabini, T. ovis, T. globulosa, and T. leporis were compared. A total of 157, 152, 153, and 157 nucleotides in length was observed in the 5.8S sequences of these 4 species, respectively. There were no sequence differences of ITS1 and 5.8S products between T. ovis and T. globulosa. Nevertheless, c...
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Characterization of Trichuris skrjabini by isoenzyme gel electrophoresis: comparative study with Trichuris ovis
Acta Tropica, 1996Co-Authors: Cristina Cutillas, P. German, P. Arias, D. C. GuevaraAbstract:Abstract Morphological and biometric studies were performed in Trichuris skrjabini (Baskakov, 1924) collected from the caecum of Capra hircus. The LDH (EC 1.1.1.27.), G6PD (EC 1.1.1.49.), GPI (EC 5.3.1.9.), MDH (EC 1.1.1.37) and malic enzyme (ME) (EC 1.1.1.40) isoenzymatic patterns of T. skrjabini were determined by starch gel electrophoresis. The G6PD and GPI isoenzymatic patterns of T. skrjabini displayed two anodic bands for both enzymes: one fast migration band and one band near the origin. This isoenzymatic pattern was interpreted as two gene loci encoding both enzymes. The LDH isoenzymatic pattern of T. skrjabini was characterized by the presence of a cathodically migrating band, while the MDH isoenzymatic pattern showed a very slow cathodic band. These two phenotypes were interpreted as the expression of a homozygous state of a gene locus for LDH and MDH in T. skrjabini. The ME isoenzymatic pattern was characterized by the presence of a single anodic band. Further, comparative isoenzymatic studies were carried out between T. skrjabini and T. ovis. The different G6PD, GPI, LDH, MDH and ME isoenzymatic patterns observed for both species allowed us to distinguish them and therefore to use isoenzymatic patterns as a diagnostic tool to differentiate species of Trichuris.
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Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase: isoenzymatic pattern in Oesophagostomum venulosum, Trichuris ovis and T. suis
Journal of Helminthology, 1991Co-Authors: B. Rodriguez, Cristina Cutillas, P. German, D. C. GuevaraAbstract:In the present communication we have studied the isoenzymatic pattern activity of the glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in Oesophagostomum venulosum, Trichuris ovis and T. suis , parasites of Capra hircus (goat), ovis aries (sheep) and Sus scrofa domestica (pig) respectively, by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Different phenotypes have been observed in the G6PD isoenzymatic pattern activity in males and females of Oesophagostomum venulosum . Furthermore, G6PD activity has been assayed in Trichuris ovis collected from ovis aries and Capra hircus . No differences have been observed in the isoenzymatic patterns attending to the different hosts. All the individuals exhibited one single band or two bands; this suggests a monomeric condition for G6PD in T. ovis . In T. suis the enzyme G6PD appeared as a single electrophoretic band in about 85·7% of the individuals.
