The Experts below are selected from a list of 108 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Marczewski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Potato Leafroll Virus‐assisted Aphid Transmission of Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid to Potato Leafroll Virus‐resistant Potato
Journal of Phytopathology, 2001Co-Authors: Syller, MarczewskiAbstract:Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) and potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) are important pathogens affecting the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). PLRV is transmitted only by aphids, Myzus persicae being its principal vector. In contrast, PSTVd is transmitted by foliar contact and True Seeds, but is not aphid-transmissible. However, in doubly infected plants, PSTVd can be encapsidated by the capsid protein of PLRV and transmitted by M. persicae. In the present experiments, the aphids successfully transmitted PSTVd from potato plants infected with this viroid and PLRV to potato and tomato cv. Rutgers plants. The efficiency of PSTVd transmission depended on the potato cultivar used as inoculum source or as test plant, and ranged from 0 to 55%. Interestingly, PSTVd was the sole pathogen detected in some potato or tomato plants inoculated by aphids fed on the plants infected with the viroid and virus. Sole infections with PSTVd were found in as many as 23% of plants of the potato cv. Irga which is highly resistant to PLRV. This finding indicates that PLRV served as a carrier of PSTVd, but the plants escaped virus infection due to a high level of resistance. The response of potato plants to mixed infections with PSTVd and PLRV was strikingly more severe than those to infection with either pathogen alone. Furthermore, serious disturbances in sprout emergence were indicative of the double infection. PLRV-unterstutzte Blattlausubertragung von PSTVd auf PLRV-resistente Kartoffelpflanzen Das Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) und das Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) sind wichtige Pathogene der Kartoffel (Solanum tuberosum L.). PLRV wird ausschlieslich durch Blattlause ubertragen, wobei Myzus persicae der wichtigste Vektor ist. Im Unterschied dazu wird PSTVd durch Blattkontakt und Samen, aber nicht durch Blattlause ubertragen. In mit beiden Erregern infizierten Pflanzen kann PSTVd jedoch vom Kapsidprotein des PLRV eingekapselt und durch M. persicaeubertragen werden. In unseren Versuchen ubertrugen die Blattlause PSTVd von mit diesem Viroid und PLRV befallenen Kartoffelpflanzen auf Kartoffeln und Tomaten der Sorte Rutgers. Die Effizienz der PSTVd-Ubertragung war davon abhangig, welche Kartoffelsorte als Inokulumquelle oder als Testpflanze verwendet wurde, und betrug 0 bis 55%. Interessanterweise wurde PSTVd als einziges Pathogen in einigen Kartoffel-bzw. Tomatenpflanzen entdeckt, die durch Blattlause inokuliert wurden, welche zuvor an mit dem Viroid und dem Virus infizierten Pflanzen gesaugt hatten. Infektionen nur mit PSTVd wurden bei nicht weniger als 23% der Pflanzen der gegen PLRV hochresistenten Kartoffelsorte Irga gefunden. Dieses Ergebnis zeigt, das PLRV als Trager von PSTVd fungierte, die Pflanzen der Virusinfektion aber aufgrund ihres hohen Resistenzniveaus entkamen. Die Reaktion von Kartoffelpflanzen auf Mischinfektionen mit PSTVd und PLRV war deutlich starker als diejenige auf die Infektion mit einem der Pathogene allein. Charakteristisch fur die Mischinfektion waren auch schwere Storungen der Keimung.
T. Ohara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Detection of Potato spindle tuber viroid by Reverse Transcription Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification.
Research bulletin of the plant protection service Japan, 2020Co-Authors: N. Tsutsumi, H. Yanagisawa, Y. Fujiwara, T. OharaAbstract:Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) is one of the most important pathogens of potatoes and tomatoes, and is a pathogen cautioned about for invasion to Japan. It is known to be transmitted mechanically and through True Seeds of potatoes and tomatoes. RT-PCR is reported as one of the detection method for PSTVd. However, the RTPCR method takes much time to inspect and its procedures are complex. Therefore, Reverse Transcription Loopmediated Isothermal Amplification (RT-LAMP), a novel gene amplification method, was evaluated for detection of PSTVd instead of RT-PCR. RT-LAMP is efficient, rapid, and has high specificity. PSTVd was specifically detected within about 60 minutes by the RT-LAMP method using whole nucleic acid extracted from potato (leaves, tubers, and True Seeds) and tomato (leaves and Seeds). Sensitivity of the RT-LAMP method was about ten times higher than that of the RT-PCR method.
Syller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Potato Leafroll Virus‐assisted Aphid Transmission of Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid to Potato Leafroll Virus‐resistant Potato
Journal of Phytopathology, 2001Co-Authors: Syller, MarczewskiAbstract:Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) and potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) are important pathogens affecting the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). PLRV is transmitted only by aphids, Myzus persicae being its principal vector. In contrast, PSTVd is transmitted by foliar contact and True Seeds, but is not aphid-transmissible. However, in doubly infected plants, PSTVd can be encapsidated by the capsid protein of PLRV and transmitted by M. persicae. In the present experiments, the aphids successfully transmitted PSTVd from potato plants infected with this viroid and PLRV to potato and tomato cv. Rutgers plants. The efficiency of PSTVd transmission depended on the potato cultivar used as inoculum source or as test plant, and ranged from 0 to 55%. Interestingly, PSTVd was the sole pathogen detected in some potato or tomato plants inoculated by aphids fed on the plants infected with the viroid and virus. Sole infections with PSTVd were found in as many as 23% of plants of the potato cv. Irga which is highly resistant to PLRV. This finding indicates that PLRV served as a carrier of PSTVd, but the plants escaped virus infection due to a high level of resistance. The response of potato plants to mixed infections with PSTVd and PLRV was strikingly more severe than those to infection with either pathogen alone. Furthermore, serious disturbances in sprout emergence were indicative of the double infection. PLRV-unterstutzte Blattlausubertragung von PSTVd auf PLRV-resistente Kartoffelpflanzen Das Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) und das Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) sind wichtige Pathogene der Kartoffel (Solanum tuberosum L.). PLRV wird ausschlieslich durch Blattlause ubertragen, wobei Myzus persicae der wichtigste Vektor ist. Im Unterschied dazu wird PSTVd durch Blattkontakt und Samen, aber nicht durch Blattlause ubertragen. In mit beiden Erregern infizierten Pflanzen kann PSTVd jedoch vom Kapsidprotein des PLRV eingekapselt und durch M. persicaeubertragen werden. In unseren Versuchen ubertrugen die Blattlause PSTVd von mit diesem Viroid und PLRV befallenen Kartoffelpflanzen auf Kartoffeln und Tomaten der Sorte Rutgers. Die Effizienz der PSTVd-Ubertragung war davon abhangig, welche Kartoffelsorte als Inokulumquelle oder als Testpflanze verwendet wurde, und betrug 0 bis 55%. Interessanterweise wurde PSTVd als einziges Pathogen in einigen Kartoffel-bzw. Tomatenpflanzen entdeckt, die durch Blattlause inokuliert wurden, welche zuvor an mit dem Viroid und dem Virus infizierten Pflanzen gesaugt hatten. Infektionen nur mit PSTVd wurden bei nicht weniger als 23% der Pflanzen der gegen PLRV hochresistenten Kartoffelsorte Irga gefunden. Dieses Ergebnis zeigt, das PLRV als Trager von PSTVd fungierte, die Pflanzen der Virusinfektion aber aufgrund ihres hohen Resistenzniveaus entkamen. Die Reaktion von Kartoffelpflanzen auf Mischinfektionen mit PSTVd und PLRV war deutlich starker als diejenige auf die Infektion mit einem der Pathogene allein. Charakteristisch fur die Mischinfektion waren auch schwere Storungen der Keimung.
N. Tsutsumi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Detection of Potato spindle tuber viroid by Reverse Transcription Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification.
Research bulletin of the plant protection service Japan, 2020Co-Authors: N. Tsutsumi, H. Yanagisawa, Y. Fujiwara, T. OharaAbstract:Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) is one of the most important pathogens of potatoes and tomatoes, and is a pathogen cautioned about for invasion to Japan. It is known to be transmitted mechanically and through True Seeds of potatoes and tomatoes. RT-PCR is reported as one of the detection method for PSTVd. However, the RTPCR method takes much time to inspect and its procedures are complex. Therefore, Reverse Transcription Loopmediated Isothermal Amplification (RT-LAMP), a novel gene amplification method, was evaluated for detection of PSTVd instead of RT-PCR. RT-LAMP is efficient, rapid, and has high specificity. PSTVd was specifically detected within about 60 minutes by the RT-LAMP method using whole nucleic acid extracted from potato (leaves, tubers, and True Seeds) and tomato (leaves and Seeds). Sensitivity of the RT-LAMP method was about ten times higher than that of the RT-PCR method.
Richard G F Visser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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towards f1 hybrid seed potato breeding
Potato Research, 2011Co-Authors: Pim Lindhout, Dennis Meijer, Theo Schotte, Ronald C B Hutten, Richard G F VisserAbstract:Compared to other major food crops, progress in potato yield as the result of breeding efforts is very slow. Genetic gains cannot be fixed in potato due to obligatory out-breeding. Overcoming inbreeding depression using diploid self-compatible clones should enable to replace the current method of out-breeding and clonal propagation into an F1 hybrid system with True Seeds. This idea is not new, but has long been considered unrealistic. Severe inbreeding depression and self-incompatibility in diploid germplasm have hitherto blocked the development of inbred lines. Back-crossing with a homozygous progenitor with the Sli gene which inhibits gametophytic self-incompatibility gave self-compatible offspring from elite material from our diploid breeding programme. We demonstrate that homozygous fixation of donor alleles is possible, with simultaneous improvement of tuber shape and tuber size grading of the recipient inbred line. These results provide proof of principle for F1 hybrid potato breeding. The technical and economic perspectives are unprecedented as these will enable the development of new products with combinations of useful traits for all stakeholders in the potato chain. In addition, the hybrid’s Seeds are produced by crossings, rendering the production and voluminous transport of potato seed tubers redundant as it can be replaced by direct sowing or the use of healthy mini-tubers, raised in greenhouses.
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Towards F_1 Hybrid Seed Potato Breeding
Potato Research, 2011Co-Authors: Pim Lindhout, Dennis Meijer, Theo Schotte, Ronald C B Hutten, Richard G F VisserAbstract:Compared to other major food crops, progress in potato yield as the result of breeding efforts is very slow. Genetic gains cannot be fixed in potato due to obligatory out-breeding. Overcoming inbreeding depression using diploid self-compatible clones should enable to replace the current method of out-breeding and clonal propagation into an F_1 hybrid system with True Seeds. This idea is not new, but has long been considered unrealistic. Severe inbreeding depression and self-incompatibility in diploid germplasm have hitherto blocked the development of inbred lines. Back-crossing with a homozygous progenitor with the Sli gene which inhibits gametophytic self-incompatibility gave self-compatible offspring from elite material from our diploid breeding programme. We demonstrate that homozygous fixation of donor alleles is possible, with simultaneous improvement of tuber shape and tuber size grading of the recipient inbred line. These results provide proof of principle for F_1 hybrid potato breeding. The technical and economic perspectives are unprecedented as these will enable the development of new products with combinations of useful traits for all stakeholders in the potato chain. In addition, the hybrid’s Seeds are produced by crossings, rendering the production and voluminous transport of potato seed tubers redundant as it can be replaced by direct sowing or the use of healthy mini-tubers, raised in greenhouses.
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Towards F 1 Hybrid Seed Potato Breeding
Potato Research, 2011Co-Authors: Pim Lindhout, Dennis Meijer, Theo Schotte, Ronald C B Hutten, Richard G F Visser, Herman J. Van EckAbstract:Compared to other major food crops, progress in potato yield as the result of breeding efforts is very slow. Genetic gains cannot be fixed in potato due to obligatory out-breeding. Overcoming inbreeding depression using diploid self-compatible clones should enable to replace the current method of out-breeding and clonal propagation into an F \n 1 hybrid system with True Seeds. This idea is not new, but has long been considered unrealistic. Severe inbreeding depression and self-incompatibility in diploid germplasm have hitherto blocked the development of inbred lines. Back-crossing with a homozygous progenitor with the Sli gene which inhibits gametophytic self-incompatibility gave self-compatible offspring from elite material from our diploid breeding programme. We demonstrate that homozygous fixation of donor alleles is possible, with simultaneous improvement of tuber shape and tuber size grading of the recipient inbred line. These results provide proof of principle for F \n 1 hybrid potato breeding. The technical and economic perspectives are unprecedented as these will enable the development of new products with combinations of useful traits for all stakeholders in the potato chain. In addition, the hybrid's Seeds are produced by crossings, rendering the production and voluminous transport of potato seed tubers redundant as it can be replaced by direct sowing or the use of healthy mini-tubers, raised in greenhouses. © 2011 The Author(s).