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Huanyu Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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H-Trust: A Group Trust Management System for Peer-to-Peer Desktop Grid
Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 2009Co-Authors: Huanyu ZhaoAbstract:Peer-to-Peer Desktop Grid (P2PDG) has emerged as a pervasive cyber-infrastructure tackling many large-scale applications with high impacts. As a burgeoning research area, P2PDG can support numerous applications, including scientific computing, file sharing, web services, and virtual organization for collaborative activities and projects. To handle trustworthiness issues of these services, trust and reputation schemes are proposed to establish trust among peers in P2PDG. In this paper, we propose a robust group trust management system, called H-Trust, inspired by the H-index aggregation technique. Leveraging the robustness of the H-index algorithm under incomplete and uncertain circumstances, H-Trust offers a robust personalized reputation evaluation mechanism for both individual and group trusts with minimal communication and computation overheads. We present the H-Trust scheme in five phases, including trust recording, local trust evaluation, trust query phase, spatial-temporal update phase, and group reputation evaluation phases. The rationale for its design, the analysis of the algorithm are further investigated. To validate the performance of H-Trust scheme, we designed the H-Trust simulator HTrust-Sim to conduct multi-agent-based simulations. Simulation results demonstrate that H-Trust is robust and can identify and isolate malicious peers in large scale systems even when a large portion of peers are malicious.
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ICCCN - A Personalized Group Trust Management System for Collaborative Services
2008 Proceedings of 17th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks, 2008Co-Authors: Huanyu ZhaoAbstract:In this paper, we present a group trust management system S3Trust for collaborative services in peer-to-peer grid systems. S3Trust is based on personalized trust rating and selective aggregation algorithms. Leveraging the robustness of a simplistic but elegant co-constraint aggregation algorithm (inspired by H-index) under incomplete and uncertain circumstances, S3Trust offers a robust and lightweight reputation evaluation mechanism for both individual and group trusts with minimal communication and computation overheads. The five phases of S3Trust scheme are presented in detail, including trust recording, local trust evaluation, trust query phase, spatial-temporal update phase, and group reputation evaluation phases. Simulation results demonstrate that S3Trust is robust and can efficiently aggregate cooperative groups in systems with malicious users.
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ICDCS Workshops - H-Trust: A Robust and Lightweight Group Reputation System for Peer-to-Peer Desktop Grid
2008 The 28th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops, 2008Co-Authors: Huanyu ZhaoAbstract:We propose a robust and lightweight group reputation system, called H-Trust, inspired by the h-index aggregation technique. Leveraging the robustness of the h-index algorithm under incomplete and uncertain circumstances, H-Trust offers a robust reputation evaluation mechanism for both individual and group trusts with minimal communication and computation overheads. The five phases of H-Trust scheme are presented in detail, including trust recording, local trust evaluation, trust query phase, spatial-temporal update phase, and group reputation evaluation phases. The rationale for its design, the analysis of the algorithm complexity and security level are further elaborated. To validate the performance of H-Trust scheme, we conduct multi-agent based simulations. Simulation results demonstrate that H-Trust is robust and can aggregate cooperative groups in systems even when the majority of users are malicious.
Stewart E. Sterk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Trust Protectors, Agency Costs, and Fiduciary Duty
2005Co-Authors: Stewart E. SterkAbstract:First used in conjunction with offshore trusts, trust protectors have begun to appear in domestic trusts as well. In part, the protector appears designed to reduce agency cost problems associated with the trust form. But the emergence of trust protectors raises a new set of agency cost problems: first, do protectors owe any enforceable duties to the trust beneficiaries, or to anyone else; second, how, if at all, do the powers conferred on the trust protector affect the responsibilities of the trustee? Current doctrine has not yet answered these questions. And the answers may differ depending on the purposes for which the protector was appointed and the powers the settlor has conferred on the protector. This article attempts to situate the trust protector in the web of relationships that surround the private express trust, exploring the agency costs avoided and created with the advent of trust protector, and examining the ramifications for fiduciary duty law.
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asset protection trusts trust law s race to the bottom
Cornell Law Review, 2000Co-Authors: Stewart E. SterkAbstract:A number of offshore jurisdictions, joined recently by two American states, have enacted legislation permitting trust settlors to create trusts in which settlor may retain a beneficial interest while shielding that interest from the settlor's creditors. Because the costs of such legislation are felt largely outside the enacting jurisdiction while the benefits are concentrated within that jurisdiction, jurisdictional competition threatens to generate a "race to the bottom." After examining the conditions that have led to this race to the bottom, the article suggests that a variety of established doctrinal rules - ranging from choice-of-law principles to bankruptcy statutes - constrain the race to the bottom by restricting the advantages trust settlors may realize from creating asset protection trusts.
Pedro Domingos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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trust management for the semantic web
International Semantic Web Conference, 2003Co-Authors: Matthew Richardson, Pedro M Domingos, Rakesh Agrawal, Pedro DomingosAbstract:Though research on the Semantic Web has progressed at a steady pace, its promise has yet to be realized. One major difficulty is that, by its very nature, the Semantic Web is a large, uncensored system to which anyone may contribute. This raises the question of how much credence to give each source. We cannot expect each user to know the trustworthiness of each source, nor would we want to assign top-down or global credibility values due to the subjective nature of trust. We tackle this problem by employing a web of trust, in which each user maintains trusts in a small number of other users. We then compose these trusts into trust values for all other users. The result of our computation is not an agglomerate "trustworthiness" of each user. Instead, each user receives a personalized set of trusts, which may vary widely from person to person. We define properties for combination functions which merge such trusts, and define a class of functions for which merging may be done locally while maintaining these properties. We give examples of specific functions and apply them to data from Epinions and our BibServ bibliography server. Experiments confirm that the methods are robust to noise, and do not put unreasonable expectations on users. We hope that these methods will help move the Semantic Web closer to fulfilling its promise.
Ugo Mattei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Functions of Trust Law: a Comparative Legal and Economic Analysis
New York University Law Review, 1998Co-Authors: Henry Hansmann, Ugo MatteiAbstract:This Article analyzes the functions served by the law of trusts and asks, first, whether the basic tools of contract and agency law could fulfill the same functions and, second, whether trust law provides benefits that are not provided by the law of corporations. The analysis is motivated in part by the increasing interest in the trust -- a familiar feature of common-law jurisdictions -- in a number of civil law countries, and in part by the important role that trusts, such as pension funds and mutual funds, have come to play in capital markets. The article concludes that the important contribution of trust law lies not in its well-recognized role of ordering, via default rules of contract, the relationships among the principal parties to the trust. Rather, the principal benefit of trust law lies in its ordering of relationships between those parties and third parties with whom they deal, relationships that cannot easily be rearranged by contract. Most conspicuously in this respect, trust law allows the parties to the trust to partition off a discrete set of assets for separate treatment in relationships formed with creditors. The essential role of the trust, therefore, is to perform a property law-like, rather than a contract law-like, function. The article also notes the increasing convergence of trust law and corporate law, and asks whether the roles performed by these two legal forms could just as well be served by a single form.
Matthew Richardson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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trust management for the semantic web
International Semantic Web Conference, 2003Co-Authors: Matthew Richardson, Pedro M Domingos, Rakesh Agrawal, Pedro DomingosAbstract:Though research on the Semantic Web has progressed at a steady pace, its promise has yet to be realized. One major difficulty is that, by its very nature, the Semantic Web is a large, uncensored system to which anyone may contribute. This raises the question of how much credence to give each source. We cannot expect each user to know the trustworthiness of each source, nor would we want to assign top-down or global credibility values due to the subjective nature of trust. We tackle this problem by employing a web of trust, in which each user maintains trusts in a small number of other users. We then compose these trusts into trust values for all other users. The result of our computation is not an agglomerate "trustworthiness" of each user. Instead, each user receives a personalized set of trusts, which may vary widely from person to person. We define properties for combination functions which merge such trusts, and define a class of functions for which merging may be done locally while maintaining these properties. We give examples of specific functions and apply them to data from Epinions and our BibServ bibliography server. Experiments confirm that the methods are robust to noise, and do not put unreasonable expectations on users. We hope that these methods will help move the Semantic Web closer to fulfilling its promise.
