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Bambang Siswo Susilo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap beberapa sifat fisik tanah Ultisols dan entisols pada pertanaman kedelai glycine max l merril
Jurnal Pembangunan Pedesaan, 2012Co-Authors: Bondansari Bondansari, Bambang Siswo SusiloAbstract:Pemanfaatan Ultisols dan Entisols untuk peningkatan produksi kedelai perlu dilakukan perbaikan kualitas tanah, diantaranya dengan penambahan zeolit dan pupuk kandang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap sifat fisik Entisols dan Ultisols, pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai. Penelitian dilakukan dengan percobaan pot di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Perlakuan terdiri dari tiga faktor (tanah, zeolit dan pupuk kandang), yaitu 2 jenis tanah (Ultisols dan Entisols), 3 taraf dosis zeolit (0 ton/ha, 2 ton/ha, dan 4 ton/ha), dan 3 taraf dosis pupuk kandang sapi (0 ton/ha, 20 ton/ha, dan 30 ton/ha). Percobaan dirancang dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK), ulangan 3 kali dan diperoleh 54 unit percobaan. Variabel yang diamati meliputi sifat fisik tanah, pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) peningkatan dosis zeolit sampai 4 ton/ha dan pupuk kandang sampai 30 ton/ha tidak berpengaruh terhadap berat jenis isi (BJI), berat jenis partikel (BJP), porositas tanah Ultisols maupun tanah Entisols, batas lekat (BL), batas gulung (BG), dan batas berubah warna (BBW), akan tetapi peningkatan dosis zeolit mampu meningkatkan nilai batas cair (BC) dan peningkatan dosis pupuk kandang mampu menurunkan indeks plastisitas (IP), dan 2) zeolit secara mandiri tidak berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai, sedangkan peningkatan dosis pupuk kandang mampu meningkatkan bobot basah polong, bobot kering polong dan jumlah polong kedelai.
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pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap beberapa sifat fisik tanah Ultisols dan entisols pada pertanaman kedelai glycine max l merril
Jurnal Agronomika, 2011Co-Authors: Bondansari Bondansari, Bambang Siswo SusiloAbstract:Pemanfaatan tanah Ultisols dan tanah Entisols untuk peningkatan produksi kedelai perlu dilakukan perbaikan kualitas tanah, diantaranya dengan penambahan zeolid dan pupuk kandang. Pemanfaatan zeolit dan pupuk kandang diharapkan mampu sebagai bahan amelioran tanah sehingga produksi tanaman kedelai bias ditingkatkan. Terkait dengan hal tersebut telah dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk : 1) mengetahui pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap beberapa sifat fisik tanah Entisols dan Ultisols dan 2) mengetahui pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai pada tanah Entisols dan Ultisols. Penelitian dilakukan dengan percobaan pot di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Perlakuan terdiri dari tiga faktor, yaitu jenis tanah, zeolit dan pupuk kandang, masing-masing 2 (dua) jenis tanah (T1: Ultisols dan T2: Entisols), 3 (tiga) taraf dosis zeolit (Z0: 0 ton/ha, Z1: 2 ton/ha, dan Z2: 4 ton/ha), dan 3 (tiga) taraf dosis pupuk kandang sapi (P0: 0 ton/ha, P1: 20 ton/ha, dan P2: 30 ton/ha). Percobaan dirancang dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK), masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan diulang tiga kali dan diperoleh 54 unit percobaan. Variabel yang diamati meliputi variabel sifat fisik tanah, variabel pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) peningkatan zeolit sampai 4 ton/ha dan pupuk kandang sampai 30 ton/ha tidak berpengaruh terhadap berat jenis isi (BJI), berat jenis partikel (BJP) dan porositas tanah Ultisols maupun tanah Entisols, 2) nilai batas cair (BC) dipengaruh oleh dosis zeolit dan dosis pupuk kandang dan jenis tanahnya, batas lekat (BL) dan batas berubah warna (BBW) ditentukan oleh jenis tanah, sedangkan batas gulung (BG) dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara jenis tanah dan dosis zeolit, 3) dosis zeolit dan dosis pupuk kandang tidak mempengaruhi nilai persediaan air maksimum (PAM) maupun jangka olah (JO) tanah Ultisols maupun tanah Entisols, dan nilai indek plastisitas (IP) selain dipengaruhi secara mandiri oleh jenis tanah juga dipengaruhi oleh dosis pupuk kandang, dan 4) peningkatan dosis pupuk kandang mampu meningkatkan bobot basah polong, bobot kering polong dan jumlah polong kedelai. Kata kunci: zeolit, pupuk kandang, Ultisols, entisols, kedelai ABSTRACT Use of land for Ultisols and Entisols soil increased soybean production is necessary to improve soil quality, such as by adding zeolid and manure. Utilization of zeolites and manure as an ingredient amelioran expected to land so that the production of soybean crops improved bias. Related to this has done research with the aim to: 1) determine the effect of zeolite and manure on some soil physical properties of Entisols and Ultisols and 2) determine the effect of zeolite and manure on the growth and production of soybean crops in the Entisols and Ultisols. The study was conducted with a pot experiment in field trials UnSoed Faculty of Agriculture. The treatment consists of three factors, namely the type of soil, zeolite and manure, each 2 (two) types of soil (T1: Ultisols and T2: Entisols), 3 (three) standard doses of zeolite (Z0: 0 tons / ha, Z1 : 2 tons / ha, and Z2: 4 tons / ha), and 3 (three) standard doses of cow manure (P0: 0 tons / ha, P1: 20 tons / ha, and P2: 30 tons / ha). The experiment was designed using a randomized block design (RBD), each treatment combination was repeated three times and obtained 54 experimental units. Variables observed include variable physical properties of soil, crop growth and production variables. The results show that: 1) an increase in the zeolite to 4 tons / ha and manure up to 30 tons / ha had no effect on bulk density, particle density and the porosity of the Ultisols and Entisols, 2) the limit value liquid influences include dose of zeolite and manure and soil type, the boundary attached and boundary change color is determined by the type of soil, whereas the limit of rolls is influenced by the interaction between soil type and dose of zeolite, 3 ) zeolite dose and dose of manure did not affect the value of the maximum water supply and term tillage Ultisols soil and Entisols soil, and the plasticity index in addition to independently influenced by the type of soil is also influenced by the dose of manure, and 4) increasing doses of manure can improve the wet weight of pods, dry weight of pods and pods of soybean. Key words: zeolid, manure, Ultisols, entisols, soybean
María E. Báez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sorption desorption behavior of pesticides and their degradation products in volcanic and nonvolcanic soils interpretation of interactions through two way principal component analysis
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2015Co-Authors: María E. Báez, Jeannette Espinoza, Ricardo Silva, Edwar FuentesAbstract:Sorption-desorption behavior of six pesticides and some degradation products was assessed on seven agricultural volcanic and nonvolcanic soils belonging to Andisol, Ultisol, Mollisol, and Alfisol orders. The global interpretation of sorption data was performed by principal component analysis. Results showed exceptionally high sorption of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) (the breakdown product) on volcanic soils (Kf > 1500 μg1 − 1 / n mL1 / n g−1) related mainly to contents of amorphous aluminum oxides (Andisols) and crystalline minerals (Ultisols). The lower sorption on nonvolcanic soils was associated to low organic matter contents and lack of significant minerals. Metsulfuron-methyl and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (metabolite of chlorpyrifos) were weakly to substantially sorbed on Andisols and Ultisols, but the first one was not sorbed at pH > 6.4, including nonvolcanic soils. The metabolite of diazinon, 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine, was weakly sorbed on all soils (Kf = 0.4 to 3.6 μg1 − 1 / n mL1 / n g−1). Acidic compounds would be lixiviated in Mollisols and Alfisols, but they could leach also in Andisols and Ultisols if they reach greater depths. Atrazine and deethylatrazine sorption was related to organic carbon content; therefore, they were weakly retained on nonvolcanic soils (Kf = 0.7 to 2.2 μg1 − 1 / n mL1 / n g−1). Chlorpyrifos was highly sorbed on all soils reaching KOC values of >8000. Finally, the significant retention of chlorothalonil and diazinon on Mollisols and Alfisols in spite of their low OC contents showed the contribution of clay minerals in the sorption process.
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characterization of the atrazine sorption process on andisol and Ultisol volcanic ash derived soils kinetic parameters and the contribution of humic fractions
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: María E. Báez, Edwar Fuentes, Jeannette EspinozaAbstract:Atrazine sorption was studied in six Andisol and Ultisol soils. Humic and fulvic acids and humin contributions were established. Sorption on soils was well described by the Freundlich model. Kf values ranged from 2.2–15.6 μg1–1/nmL1/ng–1. The relevance of humic acid and humin was deduced from isotherm and kinetics experiments. KOC values varied between 221 and 679 mLg–1 for these fractions. Fulvic acid presented low binding capacity. Sorption was controlled by instantaneous equilibrium followed by a time-dependent phase. The Elovich equation, intraparticle diffusion model, and a two-site nonequilibrium model allowed us to conclude that (i) there are two rate-limited phases in Andisols related to intrasorbent diffusion in organic matter and retarded intraparticle diffusion in the organo–mineral complex and that (ii) there is one rate-limited phase in Ultisols attributed to the mineral composition. The lower organic matter content of Ultisols and the slower sorption rate and mechanisms involved must be cons...
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modeling the sorption kinetic of metsulfuron methyl on andisols and Ultisols volcanic ash derived soils kinetics parameters and solute transport mechanisms
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010Co-Authors: Lizethly Caceres, Edwar Fuentes, Mauricio Escudey, María E. BáezAbstract:Metsulfuron-methyl sorption kinetic was studied in Andisol and Ultisol soils in view of their distinctive physical and chemical properties: acidic pH and variable surface charge. Different kinetic models were applied to the experimental results. The pseudo-second-order model fitted sorption kinetics data better than the pseudo-first-order model. The rate constant and the initial rate constant values obtained through this model demonstrated the different behavior of metsulfuron-methyl in both kinds of soils, both parameters being the highest for Andisol. The application of Elovich equation, intraparticle diffusion model and a two-site nonequilibrium model (TSNE) allowed to conclude that: (i) the high organic matter content is the governing factor for Andisols where mass transfer across the boundary layer, and in a lesser degree, intraparticle diffusion were the two processes controlling sorption kinetic and (ii) the mineral composition was more relevant in Ultisols where rate was controlled almost exclusively by intraparticle diffusion into macropores and micropores. The slower sorption rate on Ultisols, the mechanism involved and the lower sorption capacity of this kind of soils must be taken into account to assess leaching behavior of this herbicide.
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metsulfuron methyl sorption desorption behavior on volcanic ash derived soils effect of phosphate and ph
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2010Co-Authors: Lizethly Caceres, Edwar Fuentes, Mauricio Escudey, Roxana Fuentes, María E. BáezAbstract:Metsulfuron-methyl sorption/desorption behavior was studied through batch sorption experiments in three typical volcanic ash-derived soils belonging to Andisol and Ultisol orders. Their distinctive physical and chemical properties are acidic pH and variable surface charge. Organic matter content and mineral composition affected in different ways sorption of metsulfuron-methyl (KOC ranging from 113 to 646 mL g -1 ): organic matter and iron and aluminum oxides mainly through hydrophilic rather than hydrophobic interactions in Andisols, and Kaolinite group minerals, as major constituents of Ultisols, and iron and aluminum oxides only through hydrophilic interactions. The Freundlich model described metsulfuron-methyl behavior in all cases (R 2 > 0.992). Kf values (3.1-14.4 μg 1-1/n mL 1/n g -1 ) were higher than those reported for different class of soils including some with variable charge. Hysteresis was more significant in Ultisols. A strong influence of pH and phosphate was established for both kinds of soil, intensive soil fertilization and liming being the most probable scenario for leaching of metsulfuron-methyl, particularly in Ultisols.
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adsorption of glyphosate on variable charge volcanic ash derived soils
Journal of Environmental Quality, 2009Co-Authors: L Caceresjensen, María E. Báez, Jianying Gan, Romulo Fuentes, Mauricio EscudeyAbstract:Glyphosate (N-phosphonometylglycine) is widely used due to its broad spectrum of activity and nonselective mode of action. In Chile it is the most used herbicide, but its adsorption behavior in the abundant and widespread variable charge soils is not well understood. In this study, three volcanic ash-derived soils were selected, including Andisols (Nueva Braunau and Diguillin) and Ultisols (Collipulli), to evaluate the adsorption kinetics, equilibrium isotherms, and the effect of pH in glyphosate adsorption. The influence of glyphosate on soil phosphorus retention was also studied. Glyphosate was rapidly and strongly adsorbed on the selected soils, and adsorption isotherms were well described by the Freundlich relationship with strong nonlinearity (n(fads) < 0.5). The n(fads) values were consistently higher than n(fdes) values, suggesting strong hysteresis. Adsorption (K(ads)) increased strongly when pH decreased. The presence of glyphosate (3200 mug mL(-1)) changed the adsorption behavior of phosphate at its maximum adsorption capacity. Andisol soils without the addition of glyphosate had similar mean K(ads) values for Nueva Braunau (5.68) and Diguillin (7.38). Collipulli had a mean K(ads) value of 31.58. During the successive desorption steps, glyphosate at the highest level increased K(ads) values for phosphate in the Andisol soils but had little effect in the Ultisol soil. This different behavior was probably due to the irreversible occupation of some adsorption sites by glyphosate in the Ultisol soil attributed to the dominant Kaolinite mineral. Results from this study suggest that in the two types of volcanic soils, different mechanisms are involved in glyphosate and phosphate adsorption and that long-term use of glyphosate may impose different effects on the retention and availability of phosphorus. Volcanic ash-derived soils have a particular environmental behavior in relation to the retention of organic contaminants, representing an environmental substrate that may become highly polluted over time due to intensive agronomic uses.
Mauricio Escudey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nicosulfuron sorption kinetics and sorption desorption on volcanic ash derived soils proposal of sorption and transport mechanisms
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2020Co-Authors: L Caceresjensen, Mauricio Escudey, Jorge Rodriguezbecerra, Jorge Joonagata, Cristian A Villagra, Valentina Dominguezvera, Angelo Neiraalbornoz, Maribel CornejohuentemillaAbstract:Abstract Nicosulfuron sorption/desorption kinetics were studied through batch sorption studies in ten volcanic ash-derived Andisol and Ultisol soils with acidic pH and variable surface charge. Two different kinetic models were used to fit the experimental data: i) Models to establish kinetic parameters (Pseudo-First and Pseudo-Second-Order), and ii) Models to describe solute transport mechanisms of organic compounds on sorbents (Intraparticle Diffusion, Dimensionless Intraparticle, Boyd, and Two-Site Nonequilibrium). Sorption kinetic data best fit the pseudo-second-order model. Application of these models to describe solute transport suggests that underlying mechanisms are complex in all soils due to: i) surface sorption, with mass transfers controlling sorption kinetics across the boundary layer; and ii) pore diffusion (i.e. intraparticle diffusion into macropores and micropores). The Freundlich model explained equilibrium sorption data in all cases (R2 > 0.9979) with Kf values higher than those reported for different class of soils (6.85–16.08 μg1-1/n mL1/n g-1). The hysteresis was significant in all studied soils. The lower sorption rate on Ultisols must be considered in regards to Nicosulfuron leaching potential.
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modeling the sorption kinetic of metsulfuron methyl on andisols and Ultisols volcanic ash derived soils kinetics parameters and solute transport mechanisms
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010Co-Authors: Lizethly Caceres, Edwar Fuentes, Mauricio Escudey, María E. BáezAbstract:Metsulfuron-methyl sorption kinetic was studied in Andisol and Ultisol soils in view of their distinctive physical and chemical properties: acidic pH and variable surface charge. Different kinetic models were applied to the experimental results. The pseudo-second-order model fitted sorption kinetics data better than the pseudo-first-order model. The rate constant and the initial rate constant values obtained through this model demonstrated the different behavior of metsulfuron-methyl in both kinds of soils, both parameters being the highest for Andisol. The application of Elovich equation, intraparticle diffusion model and a two-site nonequilibrium model (TSNE) allowed to conclude that: (i) the high organic matter content is the governing factor for Andisols where mass transfer across the boundary layer, and in a lesser degree, intraparticle diffusion were the two processes controlling sorption kinetic and (ii) the mineral composition was more relevant in Ultisols where rate was controlled almost exclusively by intraparticle diffusion into macropores and micropores. The slower sorption rate on Ultisols, the mechanism involved and the lower sorption capacity of this kind of soils must be taken into account to assess leaching behavior of this herbicide.
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metsulfuron methyl sorption desorption behavior on volcanic ash derived soils effect of phosphate and ph
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2010Co-Authors: Lizethly Caceres, Edwar Fuentes, Mauricio Escudey, Roxana Fuentes, María E. BáezAbstract:Metsulfuron-methyl sorption/desorption behavior was studied through batch sorption experiments in three typical volcanic ash-derived soils belonging to Andisol and Ultisol orders. Their distinctive physical and chemical properties are acidic pH and variable surface charge. Organic matter content and mineral composition affected in different ways sorption of metsulfuron-methyl (KOC ranging from 113 to 646 mL g -1 ): organic matter and iron and aluminum oxides mainly through hydrophilic rather than hydrophobic interactions in Andisols, and Kaolinite group minerals, as major constituents of Ultisols, and iron and aluminum oxides only through hydrophilic interactions. The Freundlich model described metsulfuron-methyl behavior in all cases (R 2 > 0.992). Kf values (3.1-14.4 μg 1-1/n mL 1/n g -1 ) were higher than those reported for different class of soils including some with variable charge. Hysteresis was more significant in Ultisols. A strong influence of pH and phosphate was established for both kinds of soil, intensive soil fertilization and liming being the most probable scenario for leaching of metsulfuron-methyl, particularly in Ultisols.
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adsorption of glyphosate on variable charge volcanic ash derived soils
Journal of Environmental Quality, 2009Co-Authors: L Caceresjensen, María E. Báez, Jianying Gan, Romulo Fuentes, Mauricio EscudeyAbstract:Glyphosate (N-phosphonometylglycine) is widely used due to its broad spectrum of activity and nonselective mode of action. In Chile it is the most used herbicide, but its adsorption behavior in the abundant and widespread variable charge soils is not well understood. In this study, three volcanic ash-derived soils were selected, including Andisols (Nueva Braunau and Diguillin) and Ultisols (Collipulli), to evaluate the adsorption kinetics, equilibrium isotherms, and the effect of pH in glyphosate adsorption. The influence of glyphosate on soil phosphorus retention was also studied. Glyphosate was rapidly and strongly adsorbed on the selected soils, and adsorption isotherms were well described by the Freundlich relationship with strong nonlinearity (n(fads) < 0.5). The n(fads) values were consistently higher than n(fdes) values, suggesting strong hysteresis. Adsorption (K(ads)) increased strongly when pH decreased. The presence of glyphosate (3200 mug mL(-1)) changed the adsorption behavior of phosphate at its maximum adsorption capacity. Andisol soils without the addition of glyphosate had similar mean K(ads) values for Nueva Braunau (5.68) and Diguillin (7.38). Collipulli had a mean K(ads) value of 31.58. During the successive desorption steps, glyphosate at the highest level increased K(ads) values for phosphate in the Andisol soils but had little effect in the Ultisol soil. This different behavior was probably due to the irreversible occupation of some adsorption sites by glyphosate in the Ultisol soil attributed to the dominant Kaolinite mineral. Results from this study suggest that in the two types of volcanic soils, different mechanisms are involved in glyphosate and phosphate adsorption and that long-term use of glyphosate may impose different effects on the retention and availability of phosphorus. Volcanic ash-derived soils have a particular environmental behavior in relation to the retention of organic contaminants, representing an environmental substrate that may become highly polluted over time due to intensive agronomic uses.
Bondansari Bondansari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap beberapa sifat fisik tanah Ultisols dan entisols pada pertanaman kedelai glycine max l merril
Jurnal Pembangunan Pedesaan, 2012Co-Authors: Bondansari Bondansari, Bambang Siswo SusiloAbstract:Pemanfaatan Ultisols dan Entisols untuk peningkatan produksi kedelai perlu dilakukan perbaikan kualitas tanah, diantaranya dengan penambahan zeolit dan pupuk kandang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap sifat fisik Entisols dan Ultisols, pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai. Penelitian dilakukan dengan percobaan pot di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Perlakuan terdiri dari tiga faktor (tanah, zeolit dan pupuk kandang), yaitu 2 jenis tanah (Ultisols dan Entisols), 3 taraf dosis zeolit (0 ton/ha, 2 ton/ha, dan 4 ton/ha), dan 3 taraf dosis pupuk kandang sapi (0 ton/ha, 20 ton/ha, dan 30 ton/ha). Percobaan dirancang dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK), ulangan 3 kali dan diperoleh 54 unit percobaan. Variabel yang diamati meliputi sifat fisik tanah, pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) peningkatan dosis zeolit sampai 4 ton/ha dan pupuk kandang sampai 30 ton/ha tidak berpengaruh terhadap berat jenis isi (BJI), berat jenis partikel (BJP), porositas tanah Ultisols maupun tanah Entisols, batas lekat (BL), batas gulung (BG), dan batas berubah warna (BBW), akan tetapi peningkatan dosis zeolit mampu meningkatkan nilai batas cair (BC) dan peningkatan dosis pupuk kandang mampu menurunkan indeks plastisitas (IP), dan 2) zeolit secara mandiri tidak berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai, sedangkan peningkatan dosis pupuk kandang mampu meningkatkan bobot basah polong, bobot kering polong dan jumlah polong kedelai.
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pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap beberapa sifat fisik tanah Ultisols dan entisols pada pertanaman kedelai glycine max l merril
Jurnal Agronomika, 2011Co-Authors: Bondansari Bondansari, Bambang Siswo SusiloAbstract:Pemanfaatan tanah Ultisols dan tanah Entisols untuk peningkatan produksi kedelai perlu dilakukan perbaikan kualitas tanah, diantaranya dengan penambahan zeolid dan pupuk kandang. Pemanfaatan zeolit dan pupuk kandang diharapkan mampu sebagai bahan amelioran tanah sehingga produksi tanaman kedelai bias ditingkatkan. Terkait dengan hal tersebut telah dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk : 1) mengetahui pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap beberapa sifat fisik tanah Entisols dan Ultisols dan 2) mengetahui pengaruh zeolit dan pupuk kandang terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai pada tanah Entisols dan Ultisols. Penelitian dilakukan dengan percobaan pot di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Perlakuan terdiri dari tiga faktor, yaitu jenis tanah, zeolit dan pupuk kandang, masing-masing 2 (dua) jenis tanah (T1: Ultisols dan T2: Entisols), 3 (tiga) taraf dosis zeolit (Z0: 0 ton/ha, Z1: 2 ton/ha, dan Z2: 4 ton/ha), dan 3 (tiga) taraf dosis pupuk kandang sapi (P0: 0 ton/ha, P1: 20 ton/ha, dan P2: 30 ton/ha). Percobaan dirancang dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK), masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan diulang tiga kali dan diperoleh 54 unit percobaan. Variabel yang diamati meliputi variabel sifat fisik tanah, variabel pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) peningkatan zeolit sampai 4 ton/ha dan pupuk kandang sampai 30 ton/ha tidak berpengaruh terhadap berat jenis isi (BJI), berat jenis partikel (BJP) dan porositas tanah Ultisols maupun tanah Entisols, 2) nilai batas cair (BC) dipengaruh oleh dosis zeolit dan dosis pupuk kandang dan jenis tanahnya, batas lekat (BL) dan batas berubah warna (BBW) ditentukan oleh jenis tanah, sedangkan batas gulung (BG) dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara jenis tanah dan dosis zeolit, 3) dosis zeolit dan dosis pupuk kandang tidak mempengaruhi nilai persediaan air maksimum (PAM) maupun jangka olah (JO) tanah Ultisols maupun tanah Entisols, dan nilai indek plastisitas (IP) selain dipengaruhi secara mandiri oleh jenis tanah juga dipengaruhi oleh dosis pupuk kandang, dan 4) peningkatan dosis pupuk kandang mampu meningkatkan bobot basah polong, bobot kering polong dan jumlah polong kedelai. Kata kunci: zeolit, pupuk kandang, Ultisols, entisols, kedelai ABSTRACT Use of land for Ultisols and Entisols soil increased soybean production is necessary to improve soil quality, such as by adding zeolid and manure. Utilization of zeolites and manure as an ingredient amelioran expected to land so that the production of soybean crops improved bias. Related to this has done research with the aim to: 1) determine the effect of zeolite and manure on some soil physical properties of Entisols and Ultisols and 2) determine the effect of zeolite and manure on the growth and production of soybean crops in the Entisols and Ultisols. The study was conducted with a pot experiment in field trials UnSoed Faculty of Agriculture. The treatment consists of three factors, namely the type of soil, zeolite and manure, each 2 (two) types of soil (T1: Ultisols and T2: Entisols), 3 (three) standard doses of zeolite (Z0: 0 tons / ha, Z1 : 2 tons / ha, and Z2: 4 tons / ha), and 3 (three) standard doses of cow manure (P0: 0 tons / ha, P1: 20 tons / ha, and P2: 30 tons / ha). The experiment was designed using a randomized block design (RBD), each treatment combination was repeated three times and obtained 54 experimental units. Variables observed include variable physical properties of soil, crop growth and production variables. The results show that: 1) an increase in the zeolite to 4 tons / ha and manure up to 30 tons / ha had no effect on bulk density, particle density and the porosity of the Ultisols and Entisols, 2) the limit value liquid influences include dose of zeolite and manure and soil type, the boundary attached and boundary change color is determined by the type of soil, whereas the limit of rolls is influenced by the interaction between soil type and dose of zeolite, 3 ) zeolite dose and dose of manure did not affect the value of the maximum water supply and term tillage Ultisols soil and Entisols soil, and the plasticity index in addition to independently influenced by the type of soil is also influenced by the dose of manure, and 4) increasing doses of manure can improve the wet weight of pods, dry weight of pods and pods of soybean. Key words: zeolid, manure, Ultisols, entisols, soybean
Xinhua Peng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Earthworm burrowing activity of two non-Lumbricidae earthworm species incubated in soils with contrasting organic carbon content (Vertisol vs. Ultisol)
Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2017Co-Authors: Nicolas Bottinelli, Hu Zhou, Y. Capowiez, Z. B. Zhang, J. Qiu, Pascal Jouquet, Xinhua PengAbstract:The aim of this study was to investigate the burrowing activity of two earthworm species: the endogeic Drawida sinica and one undescribed Amynthas species incubated inVertisol and Ultisol presenting different soil organic C content. Because of their contrasting feeding behaviours, we hypothesised that soil type would have a bigger influence on the burrowing activity of the endogeic than the anecic species. Repacked soil columns inoculated with earthworms for 30 days were scanned using X-ray tomography and the compiled images used to characterise the burrow systems. After scanning, the saturated hydraulic conductivity (K-sat) was also measured. The Amynthas species burrows were less numerous (30 vs. 180), more vertically oriented (57 vs. 37 degrees), more connected from the surface to the bottom of the columns (73 vs. 5 cm(3)) and had a higher global connectivity index (83 vs. 28%) than those of D. sinica. The K-sat was threefold faster in columns incubated with Amynthas and was linked to the volume of percolating burrows (R-2 = 0.81). The soil type did not influence Amynthas burrow characteristics. In contrast, there were 30% more D. sinica burrows in the Vertisol than in the Ultisol while other burrow characteristics were not affected. This result suggests that these burrows were more refilled with casts leading to shorter and discontinuous burrows. The K-sat was negatively related to the number of burrows (R-2 = 0.44) but was not statistically different between the Vertisol and the Ultisol, suggesting a constant impact of this species on the K-sat. We found that a decrease in the amount of soil organic C by 50% had only a small influence on earthworm burrowing activity and no effect on the K-sat.
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temporal change in soil macropores measured using tension infiltrometer under different land uses and slope positions in subtropical china
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2016Co-Authors: Zhongbin Zhang, Lin Lin, Yi Wang, Xinhua PengAbstract:Purpose Soil macropores play a principal role in water infiltration but they are highly variable. The objectives of this study were (1) to investigate the temporal change in macropores of an Ultisol as affected by land use and slope position and (2) to analyze contribution of macropores to water infiltration.
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effect of rainfall kinetic energy on crust formation and interrill erosion of an Ultisol in subtropical china
Vadose Zone Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Hu Zhou, Xinhua Peng, Frederic DarbouxAbstract:Rainfall kinetic energy plays an important role in breaking down aggregates and forming crusts. A laboratory rainfall simulation study was conducted on an Ultisol from subtropical China to investigate the effect of rainfall kinetic energy on crusting, infiltration, runoff, and erosion. Two treatments, that is, high kinetic energy (HKE) and low kinetic energy (LKE), were applied during this study. Air-dried soil was packed in a soil box (50 by 50 cm), and the soil box was subjected to 38 mm h −1 rainfall with three replicates. The runoff, splash, erosion, and percolation were measured during the simulation. For each treatment, an additional soil box was dedicated to sampling the undisturbed soil samples at different time intervals to make thin sections. The entire soil surface was covered by structural or sedimentary crust at the end of the experiment. When compared with the HKE rainfall, the LKE rainfall reduced the direct physical impact of raindrops that disintegrated the soil aggregates and compacted the soil surface; therefore, the LKE preserved the soil infiltration capability and subsequently postulated the formation of crust. This resulted in a higher infiltration rate and greater cumulative infiltration and percolation but lower splash, runoff, and soil erosion in the LKE treatment compared with the HKE treatment. The results show that Ultisols are prone to crusting and that rainfall kinetic energy is a major driver of crust formation. This finding indicates that mulching the soil surface is an effective way to alleviate crusting, to conserve more water, and to reduce erosion.
