The Experts below are selected from a list of 27615 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hui Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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measuring 3d indoor air velocity via an inexpensive low power Ultrasonic anemometer
Energy and Buildings, 2020Co-Authors: Edward Arens, Ali Ghahramani, Megan Zhu, Richard Przybyla, Michael P Andersen, Syung Min, Therese Peffer, Paul Raftery, Vy Luu, Hui ZhangAbstract:Abstract The ability to inexpensively monitor indoor air speed and direction on a continuous basis would transform the control of environmental quality and energy use in buildings. Air motion transports energy, ventilation air, and pollutants around building interiors and their occupants, and measured feedback about it could be used in numerous ways to improve building operation. However indoor air movement is rarely monitored because of the expense and fragility of sensors. This paper describes a unique anemometer developed by the authors, that measures 3-dimensional air velocity for indoor environmental applications, leveraging new microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology for Ultrasonic Range-finding. The anemometer uses a tetrahedral arRangement of four transceivers, the smallest number able to capture a 3-dimensional flow, that provides greater measurement redundancy than in existing anemometry. We describe the theory, hardware, and software of the anemometer, including algorithms that detect and eliminate shielding errors caused by the wakes from anemometer support struts. The anemometer has a resolution and starting threshold of 0.01 m/s, an absolute air speed error of 0.05 m/s at a given orientation with minimal filtering, 3.1° angle- and 0.11 m/s velocity errors over 360° azimuthal rotation, and 3.5° angle- and 0.07 m/s velocity errors over 135° vertical declination. It includes radio connection to internet and is able to operate standalone for multiple years on a standard battery. The anemometer also measures temperature and has a compass and tilt sensor so that flow direction is globally referenced regardless of anemometer orientation. The retail cost of parts is $100 USD, and all parts snap together for ease of assembly.
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an inexpensive low power Ultrasonic 3 dimensional air velocity sensor
IEEE Sensors, 2019Co-Authors: Ali Ghahramani, Megan Zhu, Richard Przybyla, Michael P Andersen, Syung Min, Hui Zhang, Therese Peffer, Edward ArensAbstract:The ability to monitor the direction and speed of the air within buildings would enable closed-loop control of systems, improving occupants’ comfort, health, and safety, and reducing building energy use. Leveraging inexpensive and low-power Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology used in Ultrasonic Range-finding, we have developed a unique anemometer (i.e., air velocity sensor) that measures 3-dimensional air velocity for indoor environmental applications. The anemometer uses a novel tetrahedral arRangement of four Ultrasonic transceivers, the minimum number of transducers required to capture a 3-dimensional flow. We describe in this paper the hardware and software of the anemometer, and the algorithms that eliminate or compensate for the shielding effects of its support struts and base. The angular and speed accuracies for the anemometer are unprecedented for an inexpensive instrument. In a speed Range of 0 - 6 m/s, error averages are ±3% for air speed, 2.9° for yaw (azimuth) angle, and 2.3° for pitch (vertical declination) angle. The anemometer is simple to assemble and needs no calibration.
Edward Arens - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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measuring 3d indoor air velocity via an inexpensive low power Ultrasonic anemometer
Energy and Buildings, 2020Co-Authors: Edward Arens, Ali Ghahramani, Megan Zhu, Richard Przybyla, Michael P Andersen, Syung Min, Therese Peffer, Paul Raftery, Vy Luu, Hui ZhangAbstract:Abstract The ability to inexpensively monitor indoor air speed and direction on a continuous basis would transform the control of environmental quality and energy use in buildings. Air motion transports energy, ventilation air, and pollutants around building interiors and their occupants, and measured feedback about it could be used in numerous ways to improve building operation. However indoor air movement is rarely monitored because of the expense and fragility of sensors. This paper describes a unique anemometer developed by the authors, that measures 3-dimensional air velocity for indoor environmental applications, leveraging new microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology for Ultrasonic Range-finding. The anemometer uses a tetrahedral arRangement of four transceivers, the smallest number able to capture a 3-dimensional flow, that provides greater measurement redundancy than in existing anemometry. We describe the theory, hardware, and software of the anemometer, including algorithms that detect and eliminate shielding errors caused by the wakes from anemometer support struts. The anemometer has a resolution and starting threshold of 0.01 m/s, an absolute air speed error of 0.05 m/s at a given orientation with minimal filtering, 3.1° angle- and 0.11 m/s velocity errors over 360° azimuthal rotation, and 3.5° angle- and 0.07 m/s velocity errors over 135° vertical declination. It includes radio connection to internet and is able to operate standalone for multiple years on a standard battery. The anemometer also measures temperature and has a compass and tilt sensor so that flow direction is globally referenced regardless of anemometer orientation. The retail cost of parts is $100 USD, and all parts snap together for ease of assembly.
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an inexpensive low power Ultrasonic 3 dimensional air velocity sensor
IEEE Sensors, 2019Co-Authors: Ali Ghahramani, Megan Zhu, Richard Przybyla, Michael P Andersen, Syung Min, Hui Zhang, Therese Peffer, Edward ArensAbstract:The ability to monitor the direction and speed of the air within buildings would enable closed-loop control of systems, improving occupants’ comfort, health, and safety, and reducing building energy use. Leveraging inexpensive and low-power Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology used in Ultrasonic Range-finding, we have developed a unique anemometer (i.e., air velocity sensor) that measures 3-dimensional air velocity for indoor environmental applications. The anemometer uses a novel tetrahedral arRangement of four Ultrasonic transceivers, the minimum number of transducers required to capture a 3-dimensional flow. We describe in this paper the hardware and software of the anemometer, and the algorithms that eliminate or compensate for the shielding effects of its support struts and base. The angular and speed accuracies for the anemometer are unprecedented for an inexpensive instrument. In a speed Range of 0 - 6 m/s, error averages are ±3% for air speed, 2.9° for yaw (azimuth) angle, and 2.3° for pitch (vertical declination) angle. The anemometer is simple to assemble and needs no calibration.
Sharon E Kessler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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paternal kin recognition in the high frequency Ultrasonic Range in a solitary foraging mammal
BMC Ecology, 2012Co-Authors: Sharon E Kessler, Leanne T Nash, Marina Scheumann, Elke ZimmermannAbstract:Kin selection is a driving force in the evolution of mammalian social complexity. Recognition of paternal kin using vocalizations occurs in taxa with cohesive, complex social groups. This is the first investigation of paternal kin recognition via vocalizations in a small-brained, solitary foraging mammal, the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus), a frequent model for ancestral primates. We analyzed the high frequency/Ultrasonic male advertisement (courtship) call and alarm call. Multi-parametric analyses of the calls’ acoustic parameters and discriminant function analyses showed that advertisement calls, but not alarm calls, contain patrilineal signatures. Playback experiments controlling for familiarity showed that females paid more attention to advertisement calls from unrelated males than from their fathers. Reactions to alarm calls from unrelated males and fathers did not differ. 1) Findings provide the first evidence of paternal kin recognition via vocalizations in a small-brained, solitarily foraging mammal. 2) High predation, small body size, and dispersed social systems may select for acoustic paternal kin recognition in the high frequency/Ultrasonic Ranges, thus limiting risks of inbreeding and eavesdropping by predators or conspecific competitors. 3) Paternal kin recognition via vocalizations in mammals is not dependent upon a large brain and high social complexity, but may already have been an integral part of the dispersed social networks from which more complex, kin-based sociality emerged.
Shrikanth S Narayanan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bringing in the outliers a sparse subspace clustering approach to learn a dictionary of mouse Ultrasonic vocalizations
International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, 2020Co-Authors: Jiaxi Wang, Karel Mundnich, Allison T Knoll, Pat Levitt, Shrikanth S NarayananAbstract:Mice vocalize in the Ultrasonic Range during social interactions. These vocalizations are used in neuroscience and clinical studies to tap into complex behaviors and states. The analysis of these Ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) has been traditionally a manual process, which is prone to errors and human bias, and is not scalable to large scale analysis. We propose a new method to automatically create a dictionary of USVs based on a two-step spectral clustering approach, where we split the set of USVs into inlier and outlier data sets. This approach is motivated by the known degrading performance of sparse subspace clustering with outliers. We apply spectral clustering to the inlier data set and later find the clusters for the outliers. We propose quantitative and qualitative performance measures to evaluate our method in this setting, where there is no ground truth. Our approach outperforms two baselines based on k-means and spectral clustering in all of the proposed performance measures, showing greater distances between clusters and more variability between clusters.
Ali Ghahramani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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measuring 3d indoor air velocity via an inexpensive low power Ultrasonic anemometer
Energy and Buildings, 2020Co-Authors: Edward Arens, Ali Ghahramani, Megan Zhu, Richard Przybyla, Michael P Andersen, Syung Min, Therese Peffer, Paul Raftery, Vy Luu, Hui ZhangAbstract:Abstract The ability to inexpensively monitor indoor air speed and direction on a continuous basis would transform the control of environmental quality and energy use in buildings. Air motion transports energy, ventilation air, and pollutants around building interiors and their occupants, and measured feedback about it could be used in numerous ways to improve building operation. However indoor air movement is rarely monitored because of the expense and fragility of sensors. This paper describes a unique anemometer developed by the authors, that measures 3-dimensional air velocity for indoor environmental applications, leveraging new microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology for Ultrasonic Range-finding. The anemometer uses a tetrahedral arRangement of four transceivers, the smallest number able to capture a 3-dimensional flow, that provides greater measurement redundancy than in existing anemometry. We describe the theory, hardware, and software of the anemometer, including algorithms that detect and eliminate shielding errors caused by the wakes from anemometer support struts. The anemometer has a resolution and starting threshold of 0.01 m/s, an absolute air speed error of 0.05 m/s at a given orientation with minimal filtering, 3.1° angle- and 0.11 m/s velocity errors over 360° azimuthal rotation, and 3.5° angle- and 0.07 m/s velocity errors over 135° vertical declination. It includes radio connection to internet and is able to operate standalone for multiple years on a standard battery. The anemometer also measures temperature and has a compass and tilt sensor so that flow direction is globally referenced regardless of anemometer orientation. The retail cost of parts is $100 USD, and all parts snap together for ease of assembly.
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an inexpensive low power Ultrasonic 3 dimensional air velocity sensor
IEEE Sensors, 2019Co-Authors: Ali Ghahramani, Megan Zhu, Richard Przybyla, Michael P Andersen, Syung Min, Hui Zhang, Therese Peffer, Edward ArensAbstract:The ability to monitor the direction and speed of the air within buildings would enable closed-loop control of systems, improving occupants’ comfort, health, and safety, and reducing building energy use. Leveraging inexpensive and low-power Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology used in Ultrasonic Range-finding, we have developed a unique anemometer (i.e., air velocity sensor) that measures 3-dimensional air velocity for indoor environmental applications. The anemometer uses a novel tetrahedral arRangement of four Ultrasonic transceivers, the minimum number of transducers required to capture a 3-dimensional flow. We describe in this paper the hardware and software of the anemometer, and the algorithms that eliminate or compensate for the shielding effects of its support struts and base. The angular and speed accuracies for the anemometer are unprecedented for an inexpensive instrument. In a speed Range of 0 - 6 m/s, error averages are ±3% for air speed, 2.9° for yaw (azimuth) angle, and 2.3° for pitch (vertical declination) angle. The anemometer is simple to assemble and needs no calibration.
