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Milan Čertík - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Animal Fat as a Substrate for Production of n-6 Fatty Acids by Fungal Solid-State Fermentation.
Microorganisms, 2021Co-Authors: Ondrej Slaný, Tatiana Klempová, Volha Shapaval, Boris Zimmermann, Achim Kohler, Milan ČertíkAbstract:The method of solid-state fermentation (SSF) represents a powerful technology for the fortification of animal-based by-products. Oleaginous Zygomycetes fungi are efficient microbial cell factories used in SSF to valorize a wide range of waste and rest cereal materials. The application of this fermentation technique for utilization and biotransformation of animal-based materials represents a distinguished step in their treatment. In this study, for the first time, the strain Umbelopsis isabellina CCF2412 was used for the bioconversion of animal fat by-products to the fermented bioproducts enriched with n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly γ-linolenic acid (GLA). Bioconversion of both cereals and the animal fat by-product resulted in the production of fermented bioproducts enriched with not just GLA (maximal yield was 6.4 mg GLA/g of fermented bioproduct), but also with high yields of glucosamine. Moreover, the fermentation on the cornmeal matrix led to obtaining bioproduct enriched with β-carotene. An increased amount of β-carotene content improved the antioxidant stability of obtained fermented bioproducts. Furthermore, the application of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for rapid analysis and characterization of the biochemical profile of obtained SSF bioproducts was also studied.
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Correction to: Production of high-value bioproducts enriched with γ-linolenic acid and β-carotene by filamentous fungi Umbelopsis isabellina using solid-state fermentations
Annals of Microbiology, 2020Co-Authors: Ondrej Slaný, Slavomír Marcinčák, Tatiana Klempová, Milan ČertíkAbstract:Following publication of the original article (Tao et al. 2020), the authors reported a missing funding source in the ‘Acknowledgements’ section.
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Production of high-value bioproducts enriched with γ-linolenic acid and β-carotene by filamentous fungi Umbelopsis isabellina using solid-state fermentations
Annals of Microbiology, 2020Co-Authors: Ondrej Slaný, Slavomír Marcinčák, Tatiana Klempová, Milan ČertíkAbstract:Solid-state fermentation is a useful tool for utilizing different plant-based materials as cultivation substrates in order to produce potentially high-value fermented bioproducts. The aim of the present study was to successfully prepare various types of such bioproducts, using a zygomycetous strain Umbelopsis isabellina CCF2412. Various legume and cereal substrates were utilized effectively, while a few of them were obtained from agricultural waste, which is particularly advantageous from ecological and economic point of view. A common feature of the produced fermented materials was the increased content of different polyunsaturated fatty acids and carotenoid pigments in these bioproducts. Subsequent to the optimization of the solid-state fermentation process using cornmeal as the cultivation substrate, bioproducts enriched with γ-linolenic acid (11.45 mg γ-linolenic acid per gram of bioproduct), β-carotene (50.90 μg β-carotene per gram of bioproduct), and various microbial sterols were obtained. Appropriate n–6/n–3 acid ratio and enrichment of other microbial substances, such as the pigments and sterols mentioned above, in the fermented bioproducts widens the applicability of these bioproducts in different industries. The fermented cereal bioproducts produced in the present study from fermented wheat bran substrate were used for evaluating their application as feed for broiler chicken, and satisfactory results were obtained. Therefore, the present study creates novel opportunities for improving the quality of fermented bioproducts obtained during solid-state fermentation processes, especially for application in the feed industry.
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Effect of Fungal Solid-State Fermented Product in Broiler Chicken Nutrition on Quality and Safety of Produced Breast Meat
Hindawi Limited, 2018Co-Authors: Slavomír Marcinčák, Tatiana Klempová, Martin Bartkovský, Ján Mačanga, Dana Marcinčáková, Nevijo Zdolec, Peter Popelka, Milan ČertíkAbstract:The aim of this work was to analyse the effect of addition of 10% (w/w) fermented bioproduct into commercial broiler feed on fatty acid profile, lipid oxidative stability, and sensory properties of chicken breast meat. The fermented bioproduct was prepared by fermentation of cornmeal by filamentous fungi Umbelopsis isabellina CCF 2412 in solid-state fermentation (SSF) process and the final bioproduct was enriched with gamma-linolenic acid and beta-carotene. In the experiment, 80 pieces of 1-day-old chickens COBB 500 were used. Half of them (control group) were fed only with commercial feed. Chickens of the experimental group were fed with commercial feed, and, from the 11th day of age until the time of slaughter (39th day), 10% of commercial feed was replaced with fermented bioproduct. Application of fermented bioproduct into commercial feed mixture positively influenced profile of fatty acids in breast meat. The amount of gamma-linolenic, alpha-linolenic, and oleic acids in fat of breast muscles was increased and n-6/n-3 ratio was significantly decreased. Profile and content of PUFAs did not change after thermal treatment of meat. Oxidative stability of fat and sensory properties of the meat during the storage (4°C, 7 days) of meat were not affected by fermented bioproduct
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Effect of feeding of prefermented bioproduct containing gamma-linolenic acid and beta-carotene on selected parameters of broiler chicken meat quality.
Potravinarstvo, 2017Co-Authors: Ján Mačanga, Milan Čertík, Tatiana Klempová, Dana Marcinčáková, Peter Popelka, Beáta Koréneková, Iveta Maskaľová, Adriána Fečkaninová, Martin Mellen, Slavomír MarcinčákAbstract:The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of addition of prefermented bioproduct with a increased content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (especially gamma-linolenic acid) and beta-carotene into commercial feed on the selected qualitative parameters. The chemical composition, the color, the loss of water, the pH and the concentration of lactic acid of the meat of broiler chickens (COBB 500) were monitored. Bioproduct was prepared from corn scrap, which was fermented using the lower filamentous fungus Umbelopsis isabellina CCF2412. The prepared material was mixed into the commercial compound feed intended for broiler chickens at a ratio of 10%, and was fed from the 11 th day of age of the chickens until the time of slaughter. The obtained results were compared with the results of control group, which was represented by broiler chickens fed only with a commercial compound feed. Feeding of bioproduct, in terms of chemical composition, affected mainly the fat content in breast and thigh meat, which was lower in the experimental group. Meat color (measured by colorimetric assay) was not affected and differences were significant only at a value a*, which was higher in the experimental group. Statistically significant differences in the water losses of meat were not recorded, but the feeding of bioproduct affected the pH of the meat, and also the concentration of lactic acid and both parameters were higher in the meat of control group.
Arjen Rinzema - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Modeling growth, lipid accumulation and lipid turnover in submerged batch cultures of Umbelopsis isabellina
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 2012Co-Authors: Petra Meeuwse, Johannes Tramper, Payman Akbari, Arjen RinzemaAbstract:The production of lipids by oleaginous yeast and fungi becomes more important because these lipids can be used for biodiesel production. To understand the process of lipid production better, we developed a model for growth, lipid production and lipid turnover in submerged batch fermentation. This model describes three subsequent phases: exponential growth when both a C-source and an N-source are available, carbohydrate and lipid production when the N-source is exhausted and turnover of accumulated lipids when the C-source is exhausted. The model was validated with submerged batch cultures of the fungus Umbelopsis isabellina (formerly known as Mortierella isabellina ) with two different initial C/N-ratios. Comparison with chemostat cultures with the same strain showed a significant difference in lipid production: in batch cultures, the initial specific lipid production rate was almost four times higher than in chemostat cultures but it decreased exponentially in time, while the maximum specific lipid production rate in chemostat cultures was independent of residence time. This indicates that different mechanisms for lipid production are active in batch and chemostat cultures. The model could also describe data for submerged batch cultures from literature well.
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Growth and lipid production of Umbelopsis isabellina on a solid substrate - Mechanistic modeling and validation
Process Biochemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Petra Meeuwse, Johannes Tramper, Anne J. Klok, Sebastiaan Haemers, Arjen RinzemaAbstract:Abstract Microbial lipids are an interesting feedstock for biodiesel. Their production from agricultural waste streams by fungi cultivated in solid-state fermentation may be attractive, but the yield of this process is still quite low. In this article, a mechanistic model is presented that describes growth, lipid production and lipid turnover in a culture of Umbelopsis isabellina on κ-carrageenan plates containing the monomers glucose and alanine as C-source and N-source, respectively, and improves the understanding of the complex solid-state system. The model includes reaction kinetics and diffusion of glucose, alanine and oxygen. It is validated empirically and describes the different phases of the culture very well: exponential growth, linear growth because of oxygen limitation, accumulation of lipids and carbohydrates after local N-depletion and turnover of lipids after local C-depletion. Extending the model with an unidentified extracellular product improved the fit of the model to the data. The model shows that oxygen limitation is extremely important in solid-state cultures using monomers, and explains the difference in production rate with submerged cultures. However, the results also show that the specific lipid production rate in solid-state cultures is much lower than in submerged cultures, which results in a low lipid yield.
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Modeling lipid accumulation in oleaginous fungi in chemostat cultures: I. Development and validation of a chemostat model for Umbelopsis isabellina
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: Petra Meeuwse, Johannes Tramper, Arjen RinzemaAbstract:Lipid-accumulating fungi may be able to produce biodiesel precursors from agricultural wastes. As a first step in understanding and evaluating their potential, a mathematical model was developed to describe growth, lipid accumulation and substrate consumption of the oleaginous fungus Umbelopsis isabellina (also known as Mortierella isabellina ) in submerged chemostat cultures. Key points of the model are: (1) if the C-source supply rate is limited, maintenance has a higher priority than growth, which has a higher priority than lipid production; (2) the maximum specific lipid production rate of the fungus is independent of the actual specific growth rate. Model parameters were obtained from chemostat cultures of U. isabellina grown on mineral media with glucose and NH_4 ^+. The model describes the results of chemostat cultures well for D > 0.04 h^−1, but it has not been validated for lower dilution rates because of practical problems with the filamentous fungus. Further validation using literature data for oleaginous yeasts is described in part II of this paper. Our model shows that not only the C/N-ratio of the feed, but also the dilution rate highly influences the lipid yield in chemostat cultures.
Petra Meeuwse - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Modeling growth, lipid accumulation and lipid turnover in submerged batch cultures of Umbelopsis isabellina
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 2012Co-Authors: Petra Meeuwse, Johannes Tramper, Payman Akbari, Arjen RinzemaAbstract:The production of lipids by oleaginous yeast and fungi becomes more important because these lipids can be used for biodiesel production. To understand the process of lipid production better, we developed a model for growth, lipid production and lipid turnover in submerged batch fermentation. This model describes three subsequent phases: exponential growth when both a C-source and an N-source are available, carbohydrate and lipid production when the N-source is exhausted and turnover of accumulated lipids when the C-source is exhausted. The model was validated with submerged batch cultures of the fungus Umbelopsis isabellina (formerly known as Mortierella isabellina ) with two different initial C/N-ratios. Comparison with chemostat cultures with the same strain showed a significant difference in lipid production: in batch cultures, the initial specific lipid production rate was almost four times higher than in chemostat cultures but it decreased exponentially in time, while the maximum specific lipid production rate in chemostat cultures was independent of residence time. This indicates that different mechanisms for lipid production are active in batch and chemostat cultures. The model could also describe data for submerged batch cultures from literature well.
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Growth and lipid production of Umbelopsis isabellina on a solid substrate - Mechanistic modeling and validation
Process Biochemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Petra Meeuwse, Johannes Tramper, Anne J. Klok, Sebastiaan Haemers, Arjen RinzemaAbstract:Abstract Microbial lipids are an interesting feedstock for biodiesel. Their production from agricultural waste streams by fungi cultivated in solid-state fermentation may be attractive, but the yield of this process is still quite low. In this article, a mechanistic model is presented that describes growth, lipid production and lipid turnover in a culture of Umbelopsis isabellina on κ-carrageenan plates containing the monomers glucose and alanine as C-source and N-source, respectively, and improves the understanding of the complex solid-state system. The model includes reaction kinetics and diffusion of glucose, alanine and oxygen. It is validated empirically and describes the different phases of the culture very well: exponential growth, linear growth because of oxygen limitation, accumulation of lipids and carbohydrates after local N-depletion and turnover of lipids after local C-depletion. Extending the model with an unidentified extracellular product improved the fit of the model to the data. The model shows that oxygen limitation is extremely important in solid-state cultures using monomers, and explains the difference in production rate with submerged cultures. However, the results also show that the specific lipid production rate in solid-state cultures is much lower than in submerged cultures, which results in a low lipid yield.
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Modeling lipid accumulation in oleaginous fungi in chemostat cultures: I. Development and validation of a chemostat model for Umbelopsis isabellina
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: Petra Meeuwse, Johannes Tramper, Arjen RinzemaAbstract:Lipid-accumulating fungi may be able to produce biodiesel precursors from agricultural wastes. As a first step in understanding and evaluating their potential, a mathematical model was developed to describe growth, lipid accumulation and substrate consumption of the oleaginous fungus Umbelopsis isabellina (also known as Mortierella isabellina ) in submerged chemostat cultures. Key points of the model are: (1) if the C-source supply rate is limited, maintenance has a higher priority than growth, which has a higher priority than lipid production; (2) the maximum specific lipid production rate of the fungus is independent of the actual specific growth rate. Model parameters were obtained from chemostat cultures of U. isabellina grown on mineral media with glucose and NH_4 ^+. The model describes the results of chemostat cultures well for D > 0.04 h^−1, but it has not been validated for lower dilution rates because of practical problems with the filamentous fungus. Further validation using literature data for oleaginous yeasts is described in part II of this paper. Our model shows that not only the C/N-ratio of the feed, but also the dilution rate highly influences the lipid yield in chemostat cultures.
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Production of fungal lipids: kinetic modeling and process design.
2011Co-Authors: Petra MeeuwseAbstract:Finding alternatives for fossil fuels is currently urgent. One of the new processes in this field is the production of biodiesel from lipids accumulated by microorganisms. Some yeasts and fungi accumulate lipids when a component needed for growth, usually the N-source, is limiting while the C-source is in excess. These oleaginous yeasts and fungi were previously mainly used for unsaturated fatty acid production, but now also come into view for production of lipids as a source of biodiesel. This thesis takes the first steps in the development of a new process to produce lipids with an oleaginous fungus in solid-state fermentation on agro-industrial waste. Solid-state fermentation is the cultivation on solid substrate particles without (free) flowing water, and has several advantages over submerged fermentation such as less waste water production, less energy use for oxygen transfer and lower production costs. In this thesis, we focused on growth and lipid production kinetics in submerged as well as solid-state fermentation. The models developed for these systems provide insight in the lipid production mechanism, needed to develop the new process based on solid-state fermentation. The thesis starts with the selection of a model strain (Chapter 2). With this strain, the kinetics of growth and lipid accumulation were studied and modeled. We started with a steady-state model (Chapter 3 and 4) in submerged chemostat culture, and extended this to a dynamic model for submerged batch culture (Chapter 5). As the next step towards solid-state fermentation, we developed a model for growth and lipid accumulation on κ-carrageenan plates with monomers (Chapter 6). These three models were finally used to calculate potential lipid yield and energy use in a biodiesel production system (Chapter 7). For the system we want to develop, we need a fungus that can utilize different substrates and can produce lipids. For this purpose, we tested two oleaginous fungi: Mortierella alpina and Umbelopsis isabellina, which is described in Chapter 2. We cultivated both fungi on agar plates containing glucose, xylose, starch, cellulose or pectin, and on sugar beet pulp in a packed bed. M. alpina did not utilize xylose, cellulose and pectin, utilized starch much slower than glucose and only consumed approximately 40% of the sugar beet pulp in 20 days. This shows that M. alpina is not a suitable organism for our production system. U. isabellina utilized pectin and xylose with the same rate as glucose, but used starch slower and (crystalline) cellulose not at all. It consumed approximately 75% of the sugar beet pulp after 8 days and approximately 100% after 20 days. Also, it accumulated some lipids (3% of remaining dry mass) in the culture on sugar beet pulp; optimization of this process by addition of enzymes increased the lipid content to 9% of remaining dry mass. This shows that U. isabellina is a promising strain for lipid production from agro-industrial waste, and is therefore a good strain to use in our research. The lipid concentrations found in SSF culture were quite low; we therefore decided to look in more depth into the kinetics of lipid production in different model systems. The first model system was a submerged chemostat culture, because the substrate supply rates can be varied in this system by varying the dilution rate as well as the concentrations in the feed. Chapter 3 describes the development of a mathematical model that includes growth, lipid accumulation and substrate consumption of oleaginous fungi in submerged chemostat cultures. Key points of the model are: (1) If the C-source supply rate is limited, maintenance has a higher priority than growth, which has a higher priority than lipid production; (2) the maximum specific lipid production rate of the fungus is independent of the actual specific growth rate. This model was validated with chemostat cultures of U. isabellina grown on mineral media with glucose and NH 4 + . Because of practical problems at low dilution rates, the model could only be validated for D>0.04 h ‑1 . For further validation, published data sets for chemostat cultures of oleaginous yeasts and a published data set for a poly-hydroxyalkanoate accumulating bacterial species were used, which is described in Chapter 4 . All data sets could be described well by the model. Analysis of all data showed that the maximum specific lipid production rate is in most cases very close to the specific production rate of membrane and other functional lipids for cells growing at their maximum specific growth rate. The limiting factor suggested by Ykema et al.(1986, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 52: 491-506), i.e. the maximum glucose uptake rate, did not give good predictions of the maximum lipid production rate. The model shows that both the C/N-ratio of the feed as well as the dilution rate has a large influence on the lipid production rate. When these data are translated to SSF, it means that a low substrate supply rate can prevent lipid production, even when the C/N-ratio of the substrate is high. The next step towards understanding lipid accumulation was a model that also describes changes in time. Therefore, we developed a model for growth, lipid production and lipid turnover in submerged batch fermentation, which is shown in Chapter 5 . This model describes three subsequent phases: exponential growth when both a C-source and an N-source are available, carbohydrate and lipid production when the N-source is exhausted, and turnover of accumulated lipids when the C-source is exhausted. The model was validated with submerged batch cultures of U. isabellina with two different initial C/N-ratios. In batch culture, the specific lipid production rate was almost four times higher than in chemostat cultures and it decreased exponentially in time. This indicates that different mechanisms for lipid production are active in batch and chemostat cultures. The model could also describe several data sets from literature very well. Furthermore, the model shows that local limitation of C-source in SSF can cause lipid turnover before the average C-source concentration in the substrate is zero. The next step towards an SSF system is the inclusion of diffusion in the batch model. We did this by developing a model that describes growth, lipid production and lipid turnover in a culture on κ-carrageenan plates containing the monomers glucose and alanine as C-source and N-source, respectively. This is described in Chapter 6 . The model includes reaction kinetics and diffusion of glucose, alanine and oxygen. It was validated with U. isabellina and describes the different phases of the culture very well: exponential growth, linear growth because of oxygen limitation, accumulation of lipids and carbohydrates after local N-depletion and turnover of lipids after local C-depletion. Extending the model with an unidentified extracellular product improved the fit of the model to the data. The model shows that oxygen limitation is extremely important in solid-state cultures using monomers. Together with the low specific lipid production rate found in SSF, it explains the difference in production rate with submerged cultures. In Chapter 7 , we used the models from Chapter 3, 5 and 6 together with basic engineering principles to calculate lipid yield and energy use in the modeled systems. We evaluated a process including pretreatment, cultivation and down-stream processing with sugar beet pulp and wheat straw as substrate, described different reactor types, and considered both a yeast and a fungus as microorganisms. According to the models, lipid yields on substrate were between 5% w/w and 19% w/w, depending on the culture system. With the same models, improvement of the yield to 25-30% w/w was shown to be possible, for example by genetic modification of the microorganism. The net energy ratio of the non-optimized systems varied between 0.8 and 2.5 MJ produced per MJ used; energy use for pretreatment and for oxygen transfer were most important. For the optimized systems, the net energy ratio increased to 2.9 – 5.5 MJ produced per MJ used, which can compete very well with other biofuels such as bioethanol or algal biodiesel. So although there is still quite some work to be done, microbial lipids have the potential to be tomorrow’s source of biodiesel.
Tatiana Klempová - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Animal Fat as a Substrate for Production of n-6 Fatty Acids by Fungal Solid-State Fermentation.
Microorganisms, 2021Co-Authors: Ondrej Slaný, Tatiana Klempová, Volha Shapaval, Boris Zimmermann, Achim Kohler, Milan ČertíkAbstract:The method of solid-state fermentation (SSF) represents a powerful technology for the fortification of animal-based by-products. Oleaginous Zygomycetes fungi are efficient microbial cell factories used in SSF to valorize a wide range of waste and rest cereal materials. The application of this fermentation technique for utilization and biotransformation of animal-based materials represents a distinguished step in their treatment. In this study, for the first time, the strain Umbelopsis isabellina CCF2412 was used for the bioconversion of animal fat by-products to the fermented bioproducts enriched with n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly γ-linolenic acid (GLA). Bioconversion of both cereals and the animal fat by-product resulted in the production of fermented bioproducts enriched with not just GLA (maximal yield was 6.4 mg GLA/g of fermented bioproduct), but also with high yields of glucosamine. Moreover, the fermentation on the cornmeal matrix led to obtaining bioproduct enriched with β-carotene. An increased amount of β-carotene content improved the antioxidant stability of obtained fermented bioproducts. Furthermore, the application of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for rapid analysis and characterization of the biochemical profile of obtained SSF bioproducts was also studied.
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Correction to: Production of high-value bioproducts enriched with γ-linolenic acid and β-carotene by filamentous fungi Umbelopsis isabellina using solid-state fermentations
Annals of Microbiology, 2020Co-Authors: Ondrej Slaný, Slavomír Marcinčák, Tatiana Klempová, Milan ČertíkAbstract:Following publication of the original article (Tao et al. 2020), the authors reported a missing funding source in the ‘Acknowledgements’ section.
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Production of high-value bioproducts enriched with γ-linolenic acid and β-carotene by filamentous fungi Umbelopsis isabellina using solid-state fermentations
Annals of Microbiology, 2020Co-Authors: Ondrej Slaný, Slavomír Marcinčák, Tatiana Klempová, Milan ČertíkAbstract:Solid-state fermentation is a useful tool for utilizing different plant-based materials as cultivation substrates in order to produce potentially high-value fermented bioproducts. The aim of the present study was to successfully prepare various types of such bioproducts, using a zygomycetous strain Umbelopsis isabellina CCF2412. Various legume and cereal substrates were utilized effectively, while a few of them were obtained from agricultural waste, which is particularly advantageous from ecological and economic point of view. A common feature of the produced fermented materials was the increased content of different polyunsaturated fatty acids and carotenoid pigments in these bioproducts. Subsequent to the optimization of the solid-state fermentation process using cornmeal as the cultivation substrate, bioproducts enriched with γ-linolenic acid (11.45 mg γ-linolenic acid per gram of bioproduct), β-carotene (50.90 μg β-carotene per gram of bioproduct), and various microbial sterols were obtained. Appropriate n–6/n–3 acid ratio and enrichment of other microbial substances, such as the pigments and sterols mentioned above, in the fermented bioproducts widens the applicability of these bioproducts in different industries. The fermented cereal bioproducts produced in the present study from fermented wheat bran substrate were used for evaluating their application as feed for broiler chicken, and satisfactory results were obtained. Therefore, the present study creates novel opportunities for improving the quality of fermented bioproducts obtained during solid-state fermentation processes, especially for application in the feed industry.
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Effect of Fungal Solid-State Fermented Product in Broiler Chicken Nutrition on Quality and Safety of Produced Breast Meat
Hindawi Limited, 2018Co-Authors: Slavomír Marcinčák, Tatiana Klempová, Martin Bartkovský, Ján Mačanga, Dana Marcinčáková, Nevijo Zdolec, Peter Popelka, Milan ČertíkAbstract:The aim of this work was to analyse the effect of addition of 10% (w/w) fermented bioproduct into commercial broiler feed on fatty acid profile, lipid oxidative stability, and sensory properties of chicken breast meat. The fermented bioproduct was prepared by fermentation of cornmeal by filamentous fungi Umbelopsis isabellina CCF 2412 in solid-state fermentation (SSF) process and the final bioproduct was enriched with gamma-linolenic acid and beta-carotene. In the experiment, 80 pieces of 1-day-old chickens COBB 500 were used. Half of them (control group) were fed only with commercial feed. Chickens of the experimental group were fed with commercial feed, and, from the 11th day of age until the time of slaughter (39th day), 10% of commercial feed was replaced with fermented bioproduct. Application of fermented bioproduct into commercial feed mixture positively influenced profile of fatty acids in breast meat. The amount of gamma-linolenic, alpha-linolenic, and oleic acids in fat of breast muscles was increased and n-6/n-3 ratio was significantly decreased. Profile and content of PUFAs did not change after thermal treatment of meat. Oxidative stability of fat and sensory properties of the meat during the storage (4°C, 7 days) of meat were not affected by fermented bioproduct
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Effect of feeding of prefermented bioproduct containing gamma-linolenic acid and beta-carotene on selected parameters of broiler chicken meat quality.
Potravinarstvo, 2017Co-Authors: Ján Mačanga, Milan Čertík, Tatiana Klempová, Dana Marcinčáková, Peter Popelka, Beáta Koréneková, Iveta Maskaľová, Adriána Fečkaninová, Martin Mellen, Slavomír MarcinčákAbstract:The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of addition of prefermented bioproduct with a increased content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (especially gamma-linolenic acid) and beta-carotene into commercial feed on the selected qualitative parameters. The chemical composition, the color, the loss of water, the pH and the concentration of lactic acid of the meat of broiler chickens (COBB 500) were monitored. Bioproduct was prepared from corn scrap, which was fermented using the lower filamentous fungus Umbelopsis isabellina CCF2412. The prepared material was mixed into the commercial compound feed intended for broiler chickens at a ratio of 10%, and was fed from the 11 th day of age of the chickens until the time of slaughter. The obtained results were compared with the results of control group, which was represented by broiler chickens fed only with a commercial compound feed. Feeding of bioproduct, in terms of chemical composition, affected mainly the fat content in breast and thigh meat, which was lower in the experimental group. Meat color (measured by colorimetric assay) was not affected and differences were significant only at a value a*, which was higher in the experimental group. Statistically significant differences in the water losses of meat were not recorded, but the feeding of bioproduct affected the pH of the meat, and also the concentration of lactic acid and both parameters were higher in the meat of control group.
Seraphim Papanikolaou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sources of microbial oils with emphasis to Mortierella (Umbelopsis) isabellina fungus
World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2019Co-Authors: Seraphim Papanikolaou, George AggelisAbstract:The last years a constantly rising number of publications have appeared in the literature in relation to the production of oils and fats deriving from microbial sources (the “single cell oils”—SCOs). SCOs can be used as precursors for the synthesis of lipid-based biofuels or employed as substitutes of expensive oils rarely found in the plant or animal kingdom. In the present review-article, aspects concerning SCOs (economics, biochemistry, substrates, technology, scale-up), with emphasis on the potential of Mortierella isabellina were presented. Fats and hydrophilic substrates have been used as carbon sources for cultivating Zygomycetes. Among them, wild-type M. isabellina strains have been reported as excellent SCO-producers, with conversion yields on sugar consumed and lipid in DCW values reported comparable to the maximum ones achieved for genetically engineered SCO-producing strains. Lipids produced on glucose contain γ -linolenic acid (GLA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) of high dietary and pharmaceutical importance, though in low concentrations. Nevertheless, due to their abundance in oleic acid, these lipids are perfect precursors for the synthesis of 2nd generation biodiesel, while GLA can be recovered and directed to other usages. Genetic engineering focusing on over-expression of Δ6 and Δ12 desaturases and of C16 elongase may improve the fatty acid composition (viz. increasing the concentration of GLA or other nutritionally important PUFAs) of these lipids.
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Lipid production and characterization by Mortierella (Umbelopsis) isabellina cultivated on lignocellulosic sugars
Journal of applied microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Chryssavgi Gardeli, George Aggelis, Maria Athenaki, Evangelos Xenopoulos, Athanasios Mallouchos, Apostolis A. Koutinas, Seraphim PapanikolaouAbstract:Aims To study and characterize the lipids produced by Mortierella (Umbelopsis) isabellina, during its growth on mixtures of glucose and xylose. Methods and Results Glucose and xylose were utilized as carbon sources, solely or in blends, under nitrogen limited conditions, in batch-flask trials (initial sugars at 80 g l−1). Significant lipid production (maximum lipid 17.8 g l−1; lipid in DCW 61.0% w/w; lipid on glucose consumed 0.23 g g−1) occurred on glucose employed solely, while glucose concentration in the growth medium was conversely correlated with lipid accumulation. With increasing xylose concentrations into the blend, lipid storage decreased while xylitol in significant concentrations (up to 24 g l−1) was produced. Irrespective of the sugar blend employed, significant quantities of endopolysaccharides were detected in the first growth steps (in the presence of nitrogen into the medium or barely after its disappearance) while lipids were stored thereafter. Neutral lipids, mainly composed of triacylglycerols, were the main microbial lipid fraction. Phospholipids were quantified both through fractionation and subsequent gravimetric determination and also through determination of phosphorus, and it seemed that the second method was more accurate. Phospholipids were mainly composed of phosphatidyl-choline and another non-identified compound presumably being phosphatidyl-dimethylethanolamine. Conclusions M. isabellina is suitable to convert lignocellulosic sugars into lipids. Significance and Impact of the Study Differentiations between metabolism on xylose and glucose were reported. Moreover, this is one of the first reports indicating extensive analysis of microbial lipids produced by M. isabellina. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Storage lipid and polysaccharide metabolism in Yarrowia lipolytica and Umbelopsis isabellina
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2017Co-Authors: Marianna Dourou, Panagiotis Mizerakis, Seraphim Papanikolaou, George AggelisAbstract:Complex biochemical mechanisms are being involved in oleaginous microorganisms during storage lipid and polysaccharide metabolism. Detailed biochemical analyses and monitoring of key enzymes involved in carbon metabolism were performed in Yarrowia lipolytica and Umbelopsis isabellina , which are often used as model oleaginous microorganisms. It was found that during the early oleaginous phase, the carbon source (glucose) was channeled to lipid accumulation, but also to polysaccharide biosynthesis. However, during transition from the early to the late oleaginous phase, glucose was exclusively converted to lipids, while in U. isabellina , but not in Y. lipolytica , an additional conversion of cellular polysaccharides into lipids was observed. After glucose depletion in the growth medium, cellular storage material was degraded either for generating maintenance energy or for supporting further microbial growth, depending on the availability of essential nutrients in the growth medium. We demonstrated that in both microorganisms, reserve lipids were exclusively used as an intra-cellular carbon source in order to generate energy for maintenance purpose. When cellular storage material degradation was related to new cell mass production, a bioconversion of lipids into new lipid-free material, consisting of polysaccharides and proteins, was observed in Y. lipolytica , while new lipid-free material in U. isabellina was richer in proteins. Lipid and polysaccharide remodeling may occur in some cases in both microorganisms. This study revealed some new biochemical features of oleaginous microorganisms that may be crucial for the design of new biotechnological processes, such as the production of bio-molecules of industrial, technological, and medical interest.