The Experts below are selected from a list of 6507 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Philippines Lalan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of a 70 c temperature on an ordinary portland cement paste claystone interface an in situ experiment
Cement and Concrete Research, 2016Co-Authors: Philippines Lalan, Alexandre Dauzeres, Laurent De Windt, Daniele Bartier, Juuso Sammaljarvi, Jeandominique Barnichon, Isabelle Techer, Valery DetilleuxAbstract:Radioactive wastes in future Underground Disposal sites will induce a temperature increase at the interface between the cementitious materials and the host rock. To understand the evolution of Portland cement in this environment, an in situ specific device was developed in the Underground Research Laboratory in Tournemire (France). OPC cement paste was put into contact with clayey rock under water-saturated conditions at 70°C. The initial temperature increase led to ettringite dissolution and siliceous katoite precipitation, without monosulfoaluminate formation. After one year of interaction, partial decalcification and diffuse carbonation (calcite precipitation) was observed over 800 μm in the cement paste. At the interface, a layer constituted of phillipsite (zeolite), tobermorite (well-crystallised C-S-H), and C-(A)-S-H had formed. Globally, porosity decreased at both sides of the interface. Geochemical modelling supports the experimental results, especially the coexistence of tobermorite and phillipsite at 70°C, minerals never observed before in concrete/clay interface experiments.
Valery Detilleux - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of a 70 c temperature on an ordinary portland cement paste claystone interface an in situ experiment
Cement and Concrete Research, 2016Co-Authors: Philippines Lalan, Alexandre Dauzeres, Laurent De Windt, Daniele Bartier, Juuso Sammaljarvi, Jeandominique Barnichon, Isabelle Techer, Valery DetilleuxAbstract:Radioactive wastes in future Underground Disposal sites will induce a temperature increase at the interface between the cementitious materials and the host rock. To understand the evolution of Portland cement in this environment, an in situ specific device was developed in the Underground Research Laboratory in Tournemire (France). OPC cement paste was put into contact with clayey rock under water-saturated conditions at 70°C. The initial temperature increase led to ettringite dissolution and siliceous katoite precipitation, without monosulfoaluminate formation. After one year of interaction, partial decalcification and diffuse carbonation (calcite precipitation) was observed over 800 μm in the cement paste. At the interface, a layer constituted of phillipsite (zeolite), tobermorite (well-crystallised C-S-H), and C-(A)-S-H had formed. Globally, porosity decreased at both sides of the interface. Geochemical modelling supports the experimental results, especially the coexistence of tobermorite and phillipsite at 70°C, minerals never observed before in concrete/clay interface experiments.
Lan Xiaodong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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research of geologic storage of carbon dioxide Underground Disposal in the south of jiangsu province
Geoscience, 2009Co-Authors: Lan XiaodongAbstract:Fossil energy resource is an important safeguard for rapid development of modern industry,but since the industrial revolution,the results of immoderately consuming of energy resource put a mass of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and led to a series of environment problems,in which the warming global climate warming is the most fearful problem.Now,people have cognizance of this problem's ponderance and make a move,and the geologic storage of carbon dioxide(CO2) is an important project that can be taken to mitigate CO2 emission to the atmosphere in response to climate change.Aiming at the reduce to the greenhouse gas emission to the atmosphere,this paper analyses detailly geologic storage of carbon dioxide and discusses the fashions of geologic storage in the south of Jiangsu Province.At a result that three candidate fashions have been identified,such as the CO2 storage in oil and gas reservoirs of Subei oil company for enhancing the oil and gas recovery,CO2 adsorption in thin coalbeds and in deep saline aquifers or poor oil and gas reservoirs of Jurong basin.Particularly,this paper points out that Jurong basin will be an important site for geologic storage of carbon dioxide,meanwhile the CO2 geologic storage will include huge commercial opportunity.
Sally M Benson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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worker safety in a mature carbon capture and storage industry in the united states based upon analog industry experience
International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2013Co-Authors: Preston D. Jordan, Sally M BensonAbstract:Worker safety in a mature carbon capture and storage industry in the United States based upon analog industry experience Preston D. Jordan a,∗ , Sally M. Benson b a b Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States Department of Energy Resources Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States abstract Insight into worker safety in a mature carbon capture and storage (CCS) industry in the United States (US) can be gained by analogy to a variety of existing industries. Worker safety in capture facility construction will be below median, as is typical for construction. Worker safety in capture operation will be above median based on the oil refining, fossil fuel electric power generation, and industrial gas processing analogs. Pipeline construction and operation worker injury rates will be below median based on analogy with oil and gas pipeline construction and operation; however construction will have the unfortunately typical high fatality rate. Storage field worker safety will be mixed with below median injury rates but high fatality rates based on the oil and gas production analog. Still, safety in the oil and gas production analog is better than in the heavy and civil engineering construction industry and much better than in some other common industries, such as marine and truck transportation. CCS worker safety will be greater than the analogs due to the lack of flammable fluid handling, extremely high or low temperatures, product transportation by truck, and relatively less drilling effort, more geophysics effort, and more onshore work. Many of these differences also suggest CCS will be safer for the public than the analogs. 1. Introduction Storage of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in permeable rocks in the sub- surface is one option for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the future. As currently envisioned, CO 2 from large, stationary emis- sion sources, such as power plants and cement factories, would be separated (captured) from the flue gas,purified and compressed to a liquid state. The CO 2 liquid would be transported by pipeline to a suitable storage field where it would be injected into the subsurface for storage in a supercritical state. Likely suitable storage fields are oil and gas reservoirs and permeable rocks filled with brine (saline aquifers) beneath relatively impermeable cap rocks meeting var- ious criteria, such as pressure and temperature. Fig. 1 shows the portions of the coterminous United States (US) underlain by saline aquifers assessed as meeting these criteria as well as the location of all hydrocarbon wells as of 2008. Taken as a whole, the industry described above is typi- cally termed the carbon capture and storage (CCS) industry (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [IPCC], 2005). The safety of such an industry is an area of active study. For instance Ha- Duong and Loisel (2011) projected hundreds of additional fatalities ∗ Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 510 486 6774; fax: +1 510 486 5686. E-mail address: pdjordan@lbl.gov (P.D. Jordan). Worldwide resulting from such an industry through 2050. Most of the fatalities were due to mining and rail transportation of addi- tional coal to power capture plants. However it is by no means assured that coal will be the energy source for such plants. For instance the planned post-combustion capture unit on the coal- fired Petra Nova power plant in Texas will be operated on natural gas. In addition, there is considerable uncertainty in projecting how much energy will be needed for capture as the technology develops. More broadly, numerous studies have identified uncertainties bearing on the environmental and/or public impact of CCS (Wildaya et al., 2011; Koornneef et al., 2012). In general worker safety had not been a particular focus of study, nor what can be learned from exist- ing worker safety data in closely related industries. Such research is motivated by conclusions drawn by the IPCC (2005) indicating that “the local health, safety and environment risks of geological stor- age would be comparable to risks of current activities such as natural gas storage, EOR, and deep Underground Disposal of acid gas.” It could help bound the uncertainty regarding this key group, and perhaps also provide some perspective on impacts on the public and envi- ronment. This paper pursues such study to develop a perspective on worker safety in a mature CCS industry in the US, using data from current industrial analogs. In particular, this study considers (1) all nonfatal cases of on-the-job injury and/or illness, (2) cases with days away from work due to on-the-job injury and illness, and
N M Abdelmonem - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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examination of the use of synthetic zeolite naa x blend as backfill material in a radioactive waste Disposal facility thermodynamic approach
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2008Co-Authors: H A Ibrahim, A M Elkamash, M Hanafy, N M AbdelmonemAbstract:Abstract The Underground Disposal of radioactive waste is based upon a multibarrier concept. For long-term performance assessment of radioactive repositories, knowledge concerning the sorption of radionuclides in backfill materials is required. As a part of the multibarrier system for effective isolation of radioactive waste in a repository, Zeolite NaA–X blend was prepared from fly ash, characterized, and evaluated to be used as a backfill material. In this concern, the sorption behavior of Cs + on the prepared material as a function of pH, initial ion concentration and temperature was studied by batch technique. The sorption isotherm data was interpreted by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) isotherm models. The application of the Langmuir isotherm yielded monolayer capacity of 1546 mmol/kg at 298 K while the maximum sorption capacity predicted by D–R isotherm was of 2446 mmol/kg. Thermodynamic parameters for the sorption system were determined at three different temperatures. The enthalpy (Δ H °), entropy (Δ S °) and free energy (Δ G °) of sorption at 298 K were found to be 25.43 kJ/mol, 93 J/mol K and −2.316 kJ/mol, respectively. The positive value of Δ H ° corresponds to the endothermic nature of the sorption process. The numerical value of Δ G ° decreases with an increase in temperature indicating that the sorption was spontaneous and more favorable at higher temperatures.
