The Experts below are selected from a list of 18237 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Zachary P Neal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparing Urban Sociology s human ecology and community psychology s ecological metaphor
Journal of Urban Affairs, 2020Co-Authors: Zachary P NealAbstract:This paper explores how two distinct scholarly disciplines both concerned with place-based human behavior have independently developed an ecological framework: Urban Sociology’s human ecology, and ...
George E Tita - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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homicide in and around public housing is public housing a hotbed a magnet or a generator of violence for the surrounding community
Social Problems, 2009Co-Authors: Elizabeth Griffiths, George E TitaAbstract:One of the unintended consequences of decades-long public housing policy has been to concentrate the poor within communities that are at the extreme end of economic disadvantage. More than in other types of disadvantaged communities, living in public housing can sharply circumscribe the social world of its residents and isolate them from people and social institutions in surrounding areas. This study draws on the concepts of social isolation from Urban Sociology and offending "awareness space" from environmental criminology to explain why violence rates are dramatically higher in public housing compared to otherwise disadvantaged nonpublic housing neighborhoods and, moreover, whether residents or outsiders are responsible for the violence. Using homicide data for the Southeast Policing Area of Los Angeles (1980 through 1999), and relating the location of homicides within and outside of public housing to the places of residence of both victims and offenders, our research reveals that public housing developments are hotbeds of violence involving predominantly local residents. There is no evidence that public housing serves as either a magnet for violence by drawing in nonlocal offenders, or a generator of violence in surrounding neighborhoods. We conclude that this social isolation from the larger community can both escalate violence between residents inside public housing, but also limit their offending awareness space, such that the violence is contained from spreading beyond the development.
David A Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the new Urban Sociology meets the old rereading some classical human ecology
Urban Affairs Review, 1995Co-Authors: David A SmithAbstract:A basic paradigm shift in Urban Sociology has occurred: The new Urban Sociology has challenged and largely supplanted human ecology. The common perception that the two approaches are totally antithetical and incompatible has created a crisis in Urban Sociology. The author reevaluates some earlier ecological writings in light of the basic assumptions of the new Urban Sociology. Roderick McKenzie's often ignored writings show a striking affinity to tenets of the new Urban Sociology; Amos Hawley's abstract conceptual framework provides opportunity for theoretical bridge building. Urban ecologists' claims are challenged by their own intellectual ancestors, and areas of conceptual continuity and overlap should lead to more dialogue and less theoretical polarization.
Jeremy R Levine - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Organizational Parochialism: "Placing" Interorganizational Network Ties
2020Co-Authors: Jeremy R LevineAbstract:Are interorganizational network ties "placeless" or "placed"? The study of organizations, particularly the study of interorganizational network ties, has reemerged in Urban Sociology, yet the Urban literature on place and the organizations literatures on organizational network activity are not fully integrated. This article bridges these theories through an investigation of the social and spatial underpinnings of interorganizational network ties. Quantitative analysis of data from 152 interviews with nonprofit organizations serving youth across 12 contiguous neighborhoods in Boston reveals a propensity for organizations to share resources within the local neighborhood, controlling for proximity to other organizations, organizational characteristics, and various network properties. Qualitative data suggest a multilevel social process underlying the parochial network structure, illustrating the context for collaboration, restrictions on extra-local exchange, and incentives guiding a local focus. Based on this evidence, I propose a theory of organizational parochialism, extending research on organizations, networks, and Urban social processes
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organizational parochialism placing interorganizational network ties
City & Community, 2013Co-Authors: Jeremy R LevineAbstract:Are interorganizational network ties “placeless” or “placed”? The study of organizations, particularly the study of interorganizational network ties, has reemerged in Urban Sociology, yet the Urban...
Delaram Takyar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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community and the crime decline the causal effect of local nonprofits on violent crime
American Sociological Review, 2017Co-Authors: Patrick Sharkey, Gerard Torratsespinosa, Delaram TakyarAbstract:Largely overlooked in the theoretical and empirical literature on the crime decline is a long tradition of research in criminology and Urban Sociology that considers how violence is regulated throu...
