The Experts below are selected from a list of 303 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Alan Wilson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stochastic modelling of Urban Structure
Proceedings of The Royal Society A: Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2018Co-Authors: L Ellam, Mark Girolami, Grigorios A Pavliotis, Alan WilsonAbstract:The building of mathematical and computer models of cities has a long history. The core elements are models of flows (spatial interaction) and the dynamics of structural evolution. In this article, we develop a stochastic model of Urban Structure to formally account for uncertainty arising from less predictable events. Standard practice has been to calibrate the spatial interaction models independently and to explore the dynamics through simulation. We present two significant results that will be transformative for both elements. First, we represent the structural variables through a single potential function and develop stochastic differential equations to model the evolution. Second, we show that the parameters of the spatial interaction model can be estimated from the Structure alone, independently of flow data, using the Bayesian inferential framework. The posterior distribution is doubly intractable and poses significant computational challenges that we overcome using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. We demonstrate our methodology with a case study on the London, UK, retail system.
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stochastic modelling of Urban Structure
arXiv: Methodology, 2018Co-Authors: L Ellam, Mark Girolami, Grigorios A Pavliotis, Alan WilsonAbstract:The building of mathematical and computer models of cities has a long history. The core elements are models of flows (spatial interaction) and the dynamics of structural evolution. In this article, we develop a stochastic model of Urban Structure to formally account for uncertainty arising from less predictable events. Standard practice has been to calibrate the spatial interaction models independently and to explore the dynamics through simulation. We present two significant results that will be transformative for both elements. First, we represent the structural variables through a single potential function and develop stochastic differential equations (SDEs) to model the evolution. Secondly, we show that the parameters of the spatial interaction model can be estimated from the Structure alone, independently of flow data, using the Bayesian inferential framework. The posterior distribution is doubly intractable and poses significant computational challenges that we overcome using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. We demonstrate our methodology with a case study on the London retail system.
Glen Searle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Urban Structure and energy a review
Urban Policy and Research, 2008Co-Authors: Peter Rickwood, Garry Glazebrook, Glen SearleAbstract:The nature and form of the Urban environment is a critical determinant of the sustainability of our society, as it is responsible directly for a large proportion of consumed energy, and influences indirectly the patterns and modes of energy consumed in everyday activities. We examine the current state of research into the energy and greenhouse gas emissions attributable directly or indirectly to Urban form. Specifically, we look at the embodied (construction) and operational energy attributable to the construction, maintenance and use of residential dwellings, and we review the literature on the relationship between Urban Structure and private travel behaviour. While there is clear evidence from both intra- and inter-city comparisons that higher density, transit-oriented cities have lower per-capita transport energy use, the effect of housing density on residential (in-house) energy use is less clear. More detailed research is needed to examine the relationships between Urban form and overall energy use.
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Urban Structure and Energy—A Review
Urban Policy and Research, 2008Co-Authors: Peter Rickwood, Garry Glazebrook, Glen SearleAbstract:The nature and form of the Urban environment is a critical determinant of the sustainability of our society, as it is responsible directly for a large proportion of consumed energy, and influences indirectly the patterns and modes of energy consumed in everyday activities. We examine the current state of research into the energy and greenhouse gas emissions attributable directly or indirectly to Urban form. Specifically, we look at the embodied (construction) and operational energy attributable to the construction, maintenance and use of residential dwellings, and we review the literature on the relationship between Urban Structure and private travel behaviour. While there is clear evidence from both intra- and inter-city comparisons that higher density, transit-oriented cities have lower per-capita transport energy use, the effect of housing density on residential (in-house) energy use is less clear. More detailed research is needed to examine the relationships between Urban form and overall energy use.
L Ellam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stochastic modelling of Urban Structure
Proceedings of The Royal Society A: Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2018Co-Authors: L Ellam, Mark Girolami, Grigorios A Pavliotis, Alan WilsonAbstract:The building of mathematical and computer models of cities has a long history. The core elements are models of flows (spatial interaction) and the dynamics of structural evolution. In this article, we develop a stochastic model of Urban Structure to formally account for uncertainty arising from less predictable events. Standard practice has been to calibrate the spatial interaction models independently and to explore the dynamics through simulation. We present two significant results that will be transformative for both elements. First, we represent the structural variables through a single potential function and develop stochastic differential equations to model the evolution. Second, we show that the parameters of the spatial interaction model can be estimated from the Structure alone, independently of flow data, using the Bayesian inferential framework. The posterior distribution is doubly intractable and poses significant computational challenges that we overcome using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. We demonstrate our methodology with a case study on the London, UK, retail system.
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stochastic modelling of Urban Structure
arXiv: Methodology, 2018Co-Authors: L Ellam, Mark Girolami, Grigorios A Pavliotis, Alan WilsonAbstract:The building of mathematical and computer models of cities has a long history. The core elements are models of flows (spatial interaction) and the dynamics of structural evolution. In this article, we develop a stochastic model of Urban Structure to formally account for uncertainty arising from less predictable events. Standard practice has been to calibrate the spatial interaction models independently and to explore the dynamics through simulation. We present two significant results that will be transformative for both elements. First, we represent the structural variables through a single potential function and develop stochastic differential equations (SDEs) to model the evolution. Secondly, we show that the parameters of the spatial interaction model can be estimated from the Structure alone, independently of flow data, using the Bayesian inferential framework. The posterior distribution is doubly intractable and poses significant computational challenges that we overcome using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. We demonstrate our methodology with a case study on the London retail system.
Peter Rickwood - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Urban Structure and Commuting in Australian Cities
Urban Policy and Research, 2009Co-Authors: Peter Rickwood, Garry GlazebrookAbstract:Studies looking at the relationship between Urban form and travel behaviour have generally considered spatial information at coarse metropolitan or local government area scales. We analyse ABS census data at the Collection District level for the metropolitan areas of the mainland Australian state capital cities, and at various spatial scales for an in-depth analysis of commuting in Sydney. The analyses suggest that the relationship between travel behaviour and Urban form is complex, and that simple analyses of density alone are likely to overstate the effect of both metropolitan and neighbourhood scale population density on mode choice, but that these variables serve as useful proxies for more complex measures of Urban Structure.
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Urban Structure and energy a review
Urban Policy and Research, 2008Co-Authors: Peter Rickwood, Garry Glazebrook, Glen SearleAbstract:The nature and form of the Urban environment is a critical determinant of the sustainability of our society, as it is responsible directly for a large proportion of consumed energy, and influences indirectly the patterns and modes of energy consumed in everyday activities. We examine the current state of research into the energy and greenhouse gas emissions attributable directly or indirectly to Urban form. Specifically, we look at the embodied (construction) and operational energy attributable to the construction, maintenance and use of residential dwellings, and we review the literature on the relationship between Urban Structure and private travel behaviour. While there is clear evidence from both intra- and inter-city comparisons that higher density, transit-oriented cities have lower per-capita transport energy use, the effect of housing density on residential (in-house) energy use is less clear. More detailed research is needed to examine the relationships between Urban form and overall energy use.
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Urban Structure and Energy—A Review
Urban Policy and Research, 2008Co-Authors: Peter Rickwood, Garry Glazebrook, Glen SearleAbstract:The nature and form of the Urban environment is a critical determinant of the sustainability of our society, as it is responsible directly for a large proportion of consumed energy, and influences indirectly the patterns and modes of energy consumed in everyday activities. We examine the current state of research into the energy and greenhouse gas emissions attributable directly or indirectly to Urban form. Specifically, we look at the embodied (construction) and operational energy attributable to the construction, maintenance and use of residential dwellings, and we review the literature on the relationship between Urban Structure and private travel behaviour. While there is clear evidence from both intra- and inter-city comparisons that higher density, transit-oriented cities have lower per-capita transport energy use, the effect of housing density on residential (in-house) energy use is less clear. More detailed research is needed to examine the relationships between Urban form and overall energy use.
Xueming Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Review of Urban Structure Matters
Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2009Co-Authors: Xueming ChenAbstract:Danish scholar Petter Naess’s 2006 book Urban Structure Matters uses the comprehensive study of the Copenhagen Metropolitan Area as an empirical case to examine the relationship between Urban Structure and travel behavior. The overall theme of this book is how Urban spatial planning influences the amount of travel and the modal split. The research results are relevant not only to land use and transport planning in Denmark, but also to a wider global context.
