The Experts below are selected from a list of 293970 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mingxing Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
challenges and the way forward in china s new type Urbanization
Land Use Policy, 2016Co-Authors: Mingxing Chen, Dadao LuAbstract:China’s Urbanization has been a notable global event. The National New Urbanization Plan (2014–2020) unveiled by the Chinese Central Government revealed a new path for Urbanization that accommodated unique Chinese characteristics. The most notable aspect was the transfer from land-centered Urbanization to people-oriented Urbanization. Given that land Urbanization was the key to the previous orbit, this manuscript aims to analyze the evolution and challenge for land-centered Urbanization, and way forward for people-oriented Urbanization in China. With increasing urban populations and expanding industrial activities, China has experienced vigorous land Urbanization and an uneven population distribution pattern since 1978. Land-centered Urbanization has created some economic and social benefits, but has also posed many adverse impacts. The issues of the loss of arable land, the phenomenon of “ghost cities,” and the urban heat island effect have become critical challenges. Eight suggestions from two perspectives are recommended in this manuscript for achieving new-type Urbanization in China. We should give priority to this issue of the citizenization of peasant migrants. Government, scientists, and the public can all combine to influence the development trajectories of China’s new-type Urbanization.
-
evolution and assessment on china s Urbanization 1960 2010 under Urbanization or over Urbanization
Habitat International, 2013Co-Authors: Mingxing ChenAbstract:There has been a significant transformation in the Urbanization and economic growth in post-reform China. The nature and degree of Urbanization is a subject of some controversy. This paper examines empirical data for 110 counties and employs a quadrant plots method involving estimation of several parameters to analyze empirically the evolvement of Urbanization in China during 1960-2010. There are three periods of China's Urbanization in the pattern of world, which is the rapid decline stage (1960-1978), the stable stage of ascension (1979-1995) and rapid promotion stage (1996-2010). Over the entire period, compared to the rest of the world, Urbanization and economic growth in China appears to be coordinated and at moderate levels. However, China's Urbanization process has progressed faster than economic growth since 2004, and it is right time that China should rethink under-Urbanization and it's countermeasure in development strategy. And the core of new stage of Urbanization is to improve the quality of Urbanization and to take little count of Urbanization quantity.
-
Evolution and assessment on China's Urbanization 1960–2010: Under-Urbanization or over-Urbanization?
Habitat International, 2013Co-Authors: Mingxing ChenAbstract:There has been a significant transformation in the Urbanization and economic growth in post-reform China. The nature and degree of Urbanization is a subject of some controversy. This paper examines empirical data for 110 counties and employs a quadrant plots method involving estimation of several parameters to analyze empirically the evolvement of Urbanization in China during 1960-2010. There are three periods of China's Urbanization in the pattern of world, which is the rapid decline stage (1960-1978), the stable stage of ascension (1979-1995) and rapid promotion stage (1996-2010). Over the entire period, compared to the rest of the world, Urbanization and economic growth in China appears to be coordinated and at moderate levels. However, China's Urbanization process has progressed faster than economic growth since 2004, and it is right time that China should rethink under-Urbanization and it's countermeasure in development strategy. And the core of new stage of Urbanization is to improve the quality of Urbanization and to take little count of Urbanization quantity.
Michael L Mckinney - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
effects of Urbanization on species richness a review of plants and animals
Urban Ecosystems, 2008Co-Authors: Michael L MckinneyAbstract:Many studies have described the effects of Urbanization on species richness. These studies indicate that Urbanization can increase or decrease species richness, depending on several variables. Some of these variables include: taxonomic group, spatial scale of analysis, and intensity of Urbanization. Recent reviews of birds (the most-studied group) indicate that species richness decreases with increasing Urbanization in most cases but produces no change or even increases richness in some studies. Here I expand beyond the bird studies by reviewing 105 studies on the effects of Urbanization on the species richness of non-avian species: mammals, reptiles, amphibians, invertebrates and plants. For all groups, species richness tends to be reduced in areas with extreme Urbanization (i.e., central urban core areas). However, the effects of moderate levels of Urbanization (i.e., suburban areas) vary significantly among groups. Most of the plant studies (about 65%) indicate increasing species richness with moderate Urbanization whereas only a minority of invertebrate studies (about 30%) and a very small minority of non-avian vertebrate studies (about 12%) show increasing species richness. Possible explanations for these results are discussed, including the importance of nonnative species importation, spatial heterogeneity, intermediate disturbance and scale as major factors influencing species richness.
Dadao Lu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
challenges and the way forward in china s new type Urbanization
Land Use Policy, 2016Co-Authors: Mingxing Chen, Dadao LuAbstract:China’s Urbanization has been a notable global event. The National New Urbanization Plan (2014–2020) unveiled by the Chinese Central Government revealed a new path for Urbanization that accommodated unique Chinese characteristics. The most notable aspect was the transfer from land-centered Urbanization to people-oriented Urbanization. Given that land Urbanization was the key to the previous orbit, this manuscript aims to analyze the evolution and challenge for land-centered Urbanization, and way forward for people-oriented Urbanization in China. With increasing urban populations and expanding industrial activities, China has experienced vigorous land Urbanization and an uneven population distribution pattern since 1978. Land-centered Urbanization has created some economic and social benefits, but has also posed many adverse impacts. The issues of the loss of arable land, the phenomenon of “ghost cities,” and the urban heat island effect have become critical challenges. Eight suggestions from two perspectives are recommended in this manuscript for achieving new-type Urbanization in China. We should give priority to this issue of the citizenization of peasant migrants. Government, scientists, and the public can all combine to influence the development trajectories of China’s new-type Urbanization.
Niels J Dingemanse - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
an approach to distinguish between plasticity and non random distributions of behavioral types along urban gradients in a wild passerine bird
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 2017Co-Authors: Philipp Sprau, Niels J DingemanseAbstract:The impact of Urbanization has been widely studied in the context of species diversity and life history evolution. Behavioural adaptation, by contrast, remains poorly understood because empirical studies rarely investigate the relative importance of two key mechanisms: plastic responses vs. non-random distributions of behavioural types. We propose here an approach that enables the simultaneous estimation of the respective roles of these distinct mechanisms. We investigated why risky behaviours are often associated with urbanisation, using an urban nest box population of great tits (Parus major) as a study system. We simultaneously and repeatedly quantified individual behaviour (aggression and flight initiation distance) as well as environmental factors characterizing level of urbanisation (numbers of pedestrians, cars and cyclists). This enabled us to statistically distinguish plastic responses from patterns of non-random distributions of behavioural types. Data analyses revealed that individuals did not plastically adjust their behaviour to the level of Urbanization. Behavioural types were instead non-randomly distributed: bold birds occurred more frequently in areas with more cars and fewer pedestrians while shy individuals were predominantly found in areas with fewer cars and more pedestrians. These novel findings imply a major role for behavioural types in the evolutionary ecology of urban environments and call for the full integration of among- and within-individual variation in urban ecological studies.
Yuanqing Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the process of peak co2 emissions in developed economies a perspective of industrialization and Urbanization
Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2019Co-Authors: Feng Dong, Ying Wang, Bin Su, Yifei Hua, Yuanqing ZhangAbstract:Abstract The experiences of peak carbon emissions in developed economies can provide a significant reference for other economies. In terms of peak carbon intensity, per capita carbon emissions and carbon emissions, the peak process in developed economies is divided into three stages. This study analyzes gross domestic product (GDP), per capita GDP, industrialization rate, Urbanization rate, and other indicators in each stage. The impacts of Urbanization and industrialization on carbon emissions are examined by using a threshold regression model. The results indicate that Urbanization and income level have a significant double-threshold effect on carbon emissions. From the perspective of Urbanization, there is no significant correlation between carbon emissions and Urbanization in the low-Urbanization stage. However, Urbanization has a negative effect on carbon emissions in the mid-Urbanization stage. Then, this inhibitory effect becomes a promotional effect when the Urbanization level crosses the second threshold. From the perspective of income level, industrialization contributes to the growth of carbon emissions. The promotional effect of industrialization on carbon emissions gradually increases in the low and intermediate income levels. However, this promotional effect begins to weaken in the high income level. Our study not only extends the existing literature about peak carbon emissions, but also merits particular attention for policy makers in less developed economies.
