The Experts below are selected from a list of 318 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Rutsuko Ito - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dissociable roles of the nucleus accumbens D1 and D2 receptors in regulating cue-elicited approach-avoidance conflict decision-making
Psychopharmacology, 2018Co-Authors: David Nguyen, Victoria Fugariu, Suzanne Erb, Rutsuko ItoAbstract:Rationale Approach and avoidance decisions are made when an animal experiences a state of motivational conflict inflicted by stimuli imbued with both positive and negative Valences. The nucleus accumbens (NAc), a site where Valenced information and action selection converge, has recently been found to be critically involved in the resolution of approach-avoidance conflict. However, the individual roles of the region’s dopamine receptor D1 (D1R)- and D2 (D2R)-expressing medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in regulating conflict resolution have not been well established. Objectives Here, we examined the roles of NAc D1R and D2R in cue-elicited approach-avoidance decision-making. Methods Using a conditioned mixed-Valence conflict paradigm, rats were initially trained in a radial maze to associate separate visuotactile cues with sucrose reward, foot shock punishment, and no outcome. Following acquisition of the cue-outcome associations, rats were subjected to a conditioned approach-avoidance conflict scenario, in which they were presented with a maze arm containing a superimposition of the reward and punishment cues, and another arm containing neutral cues. Results Post-training intra-NAc D1R antagonism (SCH23390) led to an avoidance of the arm containing the mixed-Valence cue over the neutral arm, whereas intra-NAc D2R antagonism (sulpiride) resulted in rats exhibiting a preference for the mixed-Valence arm. Conclusion Our results suggest that NAc D1R and D2R exert differential control over decision-making involving cue-elicited approach-avoidance conflict resolution.
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Dissociable roles of the nucleus accumbens D1 and D2 receptors in regulating cue-elicited approach-avoidance conflict decision-making.
Psychopharmacology, 2018Co-Authors: David Nguyen, Victoria Fugariu, Suzanne Erb, Rutsuko ItoAbstract:Approach and avoidance decisions are made when an animal experiences a state of motivational conflict inflicted by stimuli imbued with both positive and negative Valences. The nucleus accumbens (NAc), a site where Valenced information and action selection converge, has recently been found to be critically involved in the resolution of approach-avoidance conflict. However, the individual roles of the region’s dopamine receptor D1 (D1R)- and D2 (D2R)-expressing medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in regulating conflict resolution have not been well established. Here, we examined the roles of NAc D1R and D2R in cue-elicited approach-avoidance decision-making. Using a conditioned mixed-Valence conflict paradigm, rats were initially trained in a radial maze to associate separate visuotactile cues with sucrose reward, foot shock punishment, and no outcome. Following acquisition of the cue-outcome associations, rats were subjected to a conditioned approach-avoidance conflict scenario, in which they were presented with a maze arm containing a superimposition of the reward and punishment cues, and another arm containing neutral cues. Post-training intra-NAc D1R antagonism (SCH23390) led to an avoidance of the arm containing the mixed-Valence cue over the neutral arm, whereas intra-NAc D2R antagonism (sulpiride) resulted in rats exhibiting a preference for the mixed-Valence arm. Our results suggest that NAc D1R and D2R exert differential control over decision-making involving cue-elicited approach-avoidance conflict resolution.
David Nguyen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dissociable roles of the nucleus accumbens D1 and D2 receptors in regulating cue-elicited approach-avoidance conflict decision-making
Psychopharmacology, 2018Co-Authors: David Nguyen, Victoria Fugariu, Suzanne Erb, Rutsuko ItoAbstract:Rationale Approach and avoidance decisions are made when an animal experiences a state of motivational conflict inflicted by stimuli imbued with both positive and negative Valences. The nucleus accumbens (NAc), a site where Valenced information and action selection converge, has recently been found to be critically involved in the resolution of approach-avoidance conflict. However, the individual roles of the region’s dopamine receptor D1 (D1R)- and D2 (D2R)-expressing medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in regulating conflict resolution have not been well established. Objectives Here, we examined the roles of NAc D1R and D2R in cue-elicited approach-avoidance decision-making. Methods Using a conditioned mixed-Valence conflict paradigm, rats were initially trained in a radial maze to associate separate visuotactile cues with sucrose reward, foot shock punishment, and no outcome. Following acquisition of the cue-outcome associations, rats were subjected to a conditioned approach-avoidance conflict scenario, in which they were presented with a maze arm containing a superimposition of the reward and punishment cues, and another arm containing neutral cues. Results Post-training intra-NAc D1R antagonism (SCH23390) led to an avoidance of the arm containing the mixed-Valence cue over the neutral arm, whereas intra-NAc D2R antagonism (sulpiride) resulted in rats exhibiting a preference for the mixed-Valence arm. Conclusion Our results suggest that NAc D1R and D2R exert differential control over decision-making involving cue-elicited approach-avoidance conflict resolution.
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Dissociable roles of the nucleus accumbens D1 and D2 receptors in regulating cue-elicited approach-avoidance conflict decision-making.
Psychopharmacology, 2018Co-Authors: David Nguyen, Victoria Fugariu, Suzanne Erb, Rutsuko ItoAbstract:Approach and avoidance decisions are made when an animal experiences a state of motivational conflict inflicted by stimuli imbued with both positive and negative Valences. The nucleus accumbens (NAc), a site where Valenced information and action selection converge, has recently been found to be critically involved in the resolution of approach-avoidance conflict. However, the individual roles of the region’s dopamine receptor D1 (D1R)- and D2 (D2R)-expressing medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in regulating conflict resolution have not been well established. Here, we examined the roles of NAc D1R and D2R in cue-elicited approach-avoidance decision-making. Using a conditioned mixed-Valence conflict paradigm, rats were initially trained in a radial maze to associate separate visuotactile cues with sucrose reward, foot shock punishment, and no outcome. Following acquisition of the cue-outcome associations, rats were subjected to a conditioned approach-avoidance conflict scenario, in which they were presented with a maze arm containing a superimposition of the reward and punishment cues, and another arm containing neutral cues. Post-training intra-NAc D1R antagonism (SCH23390) led to an avoidance of the arm containing the mixed-Valence cue over the neutral arm, whereas intra-NAc D2R antagonism (sulpiride) resulted in rats exhibiting a preference for the mixed-Valence arm. Our results suggest that NAc D1R and D2R exert differential control over decision-making involving cue-elicited approach-avoidance conflict resolution.
Gordon E Brown - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Pre-Edge Analysis of Mn K-edge XANES Spectra to determine Speciation of Manganese in Minerals and Glasses
Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 2009Co-Authors: Emilie Chalmin, Francois Farges, Gordon E BrownAbstract:High-resolution manganese K-edge XANES spectra were collected on a set of 40 Mn-bearing minerals. The pre-edge feature information (position, area) was investigated to extract as much as possible quantitative Valence and symmetry information for manganese in various "test" and "unknown" minerals and glasses. The samples present a range of manganese symmetry environments (tetrahedral, square planar, octahedral and cubic) and Valences (II to VII). The extraction of the pre-edge information is based on a previous multiple scattering and multiplet calculations for model compounds. Using the method described in this study, a robust estimation of the manganese Valence could be obtained from the pre-edge region at 5% accuracy level. This method applied to twenty "test" compounds (such as hausmannite and rancieite) and to fifteen "unknown" compounds (such as axinite and birnessite) provides a quantitative estimate of the average Valence of manganese in complex minerals and silicate glasses.
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A pre-edge analysis of Mn K-edge XANES spectra to help determine the speciation of manganese in minerals and glasses
Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 2009Co-Authors: Emilie Chalmin, Francois Farges, Gordon E BrownAbstract:High-resolution manganese K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectra were collected on a set of 40 Mn-bearing minerals. The pre-edge feature information (position, area) was investigated to extract as much as possible quantitative Valence and symmetry information for manganese in various “test” and “unknown” minerals and glasses. The samples present a range of manganese symmetry environments (tetrahedral, square planar, octahedral, and cubic) and Valences (II to VII). The extraction of the pre-edge information is based on a previous multiple scattering and multiplet calculations for model compounds. Using the method described in this study, a robust estimation of the manganese Valence could be obtained from the pre-edge region at 5% accuracy level. This method applied to 20 “test” compounds (such as hausmannite and rancieite) and to 15 “unknown” compounds (such as axinite and birnessite) provides a quantitative estimate of the average Valence of manganese in complex minerals and silicate glasses.
Suzanne Erb - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dissociable roles of the nucleus accumbens D1 and D2 receptors in regulating cue-elicited approach-avoidance conflict decision-making
Psychopharmacology, 2018Co-Authors: David Nguyen, Victoria Fugariu, Suzanne Erb, Rutsuko ItoAbstract:Rationale Approach and avoidance decisions are made when an animal experiences a state of motivational conflict inflicted by stimuli imbued with both positive and negative Valences. The nucleus accumbens (NAc), a site where Valenced information and action selection converge, has recently been found to be critically involved in the resolution of approach-avoidance conflict. However, the individual roles of the region’s dopamine receptor D1 (D1R)- and D2 (D2R)-expressing medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in regulating conflict resolution have not been well established. Objectives Here, we examined the roles of NAc D1R and D2R in cue-elicited approach-avoidance decision-making. Methods Using a conditioned mixed-Valence conflict paradigm, rats were initially trained in a radial maze to associate separate visuotactile cues with sucrose reward, foot shock punishment, and no outcome. Following acquisition of the cue-outcome associations, rats were subjected to a conditioned approach-avoidance conflict scenario, in which they were presented with a maze arm containing a superimposition of the reward and punishment cues, and another arm containing neutral cues. Results Post-training intra-NAc D1R antagonism (SCH23390) led to an avoidance of the arm containing the mixed-Valence cue over the neutral arm, whereas intra-NAc D2R antagonism (sulpiride) resulted in rats exhibiting a preference for the mixed-Valence arm. Conclusion Our results suggest that NAc D1R and D2R exert differential control over decision-making involving cue-elicited approach-avoidance conflict resolution.
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Dissociable roles of the nucleus accumbens D1 and D2 receptors in regulating cue-elicited approach-avoidance conflict decision-making.
Psychopharmacology, 2018Co-Authors: David Nguyen, Victoria Fugariu, Suzanne Erb, Rutsuko ItoAbstract:Approach and avoidance decisions are made when an animal experiences a state of motivational conflict inflicted by stimuli imbued with both positive and negative Valences. The nucleus accumbens (NAc), a site where Valenced information and action selection converge, has recently been found to be critically involved in the resolution of approach-avoidance conflict. However, the individual roles of the region’s dopamine receptor D1 (D1R)- and D2 (D2R)-expressing medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in regulating conflict resolution have not been well established. Here, we examined the roles of NAc D1R and D2R in cue-elicited approach-avoidance decision-making. Using a conditioned mixed-Valence conflict paradigm, rats were initially trained in a radial maze to associate separate visuotactile cues with sucrose reward, foot shock punishment, and no outcome. Following acquisition of the cue-outcome associations, rats were subjected to a conditioned approach-avoidance conflict scenario, in which they were presented with a maze arm containing a superimposition of the reward and punishment cues, and another arm containing neutral cues. Post-training intra-NAc D1R antagonism (SCH23390) led to an avoidance of the arm containing the mixed-Valence cue over the neutral arm, whereas intra-NAc D2R antagonism (sulpiride) resulted in rats exhibiting a preference for the mixed-Valence arm. Our results suggest that NAc D1R and D2R exert differential control over decision-making involving cue-elicited approach-avoidance conflict resolution.
Victoria Fugariu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dissociable roles of the nucleus accumbens D1 and D2 receptors in regulating cue-elicited approach-avoidance conflict decision-making
Psychopharmacology, 2018Co-Authors: David Nguyen, Victoria Fugariu, Suzanne Erb, Rutsuko ItoAbstract:Rationale Approach and avoidance decisions are made when an animal experiences a state of motivational conflict inflicted by stimuli imbued with both positive and negative Valences. The nucleus accumbens (NAc), a site where Valenced information and action selection converge, has recently been found to be critically involved in the resolution of approach-avoidance conflict. However, the individual roles of the region’s dopamine receptor D1 (D1R)- and D2 (D2R)-expressing medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in regulating conflict resolution have not been well established. Objectives Here, we examined the roles of NAc D1R and D2R in cue-elicited approach-avoidance decision-making. Methods Using a conditioned mixed-Valence conflict paradigm, rats were initially trained in a radial maze to associate separate visuotactile cues with sucrose reward, foot shock punishment, and no outcome. Following acquisition of the cue-outcome associations, rats were subjected to a conditioned approach-avoidance conflict scenario, in which they were presented with a maze arm containing a superimposition of the reward and punishment cues, and another arm containing neutral cues. Results Post-training intra-NAc D1R antagonism (SCH23390) led to an avoidance of the arm containing the mixed-Valence cue over the neutral arm, whereas intra-NAc D2R antagonism (sulpiride) resulted in rats exhibiting a preference for the mixed-Valence arm. Conclusion Our results suggest that NAc D1R and D2R exert differential control over decision-making involving cue-elicited approach-avoidance conflict resolution.
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Dissociable roles of the nucleus accumbens D1 and D2 receptors in regulating cue-elicited approach-avoidance conflict decision-making.
Psychopharmacology, 2018Co-Authors: David Nguyen, Victoria Fugariu, Suzanne Erb, Rutsuko ItoAbstract:Approach and avoidance decisions are made when an animal experiences a state of motivational conflict inflicted by stimuli imbued with both positive and negative Valences. The nucleus accumbens (NAc), a site where Valenced information and action selection converge, has recently been found to be critically involved in the resolution of approach-avoidance conflict. However, the individual roles of the region’s dopamine receptor D1 (D1R)- and D2 (D2R)-expressing medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in regulating conflict resolution have not been well established. Here, we examined the roles of NAc D1R and D2R in cue-elicited approach-avoidance decision-making. Using a conditioned mixed-Valence conflict paradigm, rats were initially trained in a radial maze to associate separate visuotactile cues with sucrose reward, foot shock punishment, and no outcome. Following acquisition of the cue-outcome associations, rats were subjected to a conditioned approach-avoidance conflict scenario, in which they were presented with a maze arm containing a superimposition of the reward and punishment cues, and another arm containing neutral cues. Post-training intra-NAc D1R antagonism (SCH23390) led to an avoidance of the arm containing the mixed-Valence cue over the neutral arm, whereas intra-NAc D2R antagonism (sulpiride) resulted in rats exhibiting a preference for the mixed-Valence arm. Our results suggest that NAc D1R and D2R exert differential control over decision-making involving cue-elicited approach-avoidance conflict resolution.
