The Experts below are selected from a list of 318 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Zhengqin Xiong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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organic substitute strategies reduced carbon and reactive nitrogen footprints and gained net ecosystem economic benefit for intensive Vegetable production
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019Co-Authors: Jun Zhou, Longlong Xia, Changhua Fan, Zhengqin XiongAbstract:Abstract Partially substituting inorganic fertilizer with organic fertilizer is widely adopted to improve intensive Vegetable production as well as potentially reduce carbon (C) and reactive nitrogen (Nr) footprints, but the associated comprehensive evaluations with life-cycle assessment (LCA) from environmental and economic perspectives have rarely been executed. Covering one-year consecutive Vegetable crops rotation, five fertilization strategies were established at an equal N level (SN: single inorganic fertilization; SM: single organic fertilization; mixing organic and inorganic N fertilizer at the ratio of 1:2 (M1N2), 1:1 (M1N1) and 2:1 (M2N1)) and a CK as control. Compared with the SN strategy, the M1N2, M1N1 and M2N1 strategies significantly decreased N2O emission (32.2–50.0%), NO emission (41.8–52.5%), NH3 volatilization (17.8–22.2%), N runoff (29.7–35.3%) and N leaching (34.2–44.8%) as well as significantly increased Vegetable Yield (4.3–7.4%) and annual SOC sequestration (244.5–463.1 kg C ha−1 yr−1). Consequently, the three organic-substitute strategies significantly reduced C footprint (17.0–21.8%) and the field interface Nr footprint (34.1–43.0%). The production of both organic and inorganic N fertilizer (31.1–51.5%) and N2O emissions (19.9–35.1%) were the hotspots of GHG emissions. The production of organic fertilizer dominated their foreground interface Nr footprint (86.6–97.9%) and environmental damage costs (EDC, 48.6–71.0%), while N leaching dominated the field interface Nr footprint (45.1–50.0%). Therefore, the substitute strategies improved the net ecosystem economic benefits (NEEB, which integrated net economic benefit and EDC) by CNY 2,799−12,151 ha−1 yr−1 and the M2N1and M1N1 strategies produced better NEEB, highlighting that appropriate substitute fertilization strategies are recommended for simultaneously environmental and economic benefits in intensive Vegetable production in China.
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Yield scaled n2o emissions as affected by nitrification inhibitor and overdose fertilization under an intensively managed Vegetable field a three year field study
Atmospheric Environment, 2019Co-Authors: Jun Zhou, Hao Chen, Zhengqin XiongAbstract:Abstract Vegetable fields exhibit contrasting characteristics of high nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and low nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) compared with other croplands due to intensification. A three-year field experiment consisting of eleven successive Vegetable crops was conducted to investigate the effects of wide range of overdose fertilization and chlorinated pyridine (CP, a nitrification inhibitor) on the N2O emissions, agronomic NUE, Yield-scaled N2O emissions, marginal Yield and marginal N2O emission. Five urea N input rates, combining without (U) or with CP (U-CP), were applied at 0, 587, 880 (the conventional N rate), 1173, and 1760 kg N ha−1 yr−1. Results showed that N2O emission responses to N rate fitted well with cubic models in both the U and U-CP group treatments. Meanwhile, CP addition significantly reduced annual cumulative N2O emissions and the N2O emission factor from 39.1 to 79.7 kg N ha−1 yr−1 and 2.7–3.6% to 31.6–56.2 kg N ha−1 yr−1 and 1.5–2.2%, respectively, in relation to the U treatments at the same N rate. Moreover, CP addition significantly decreased the Yield-scaled N2O emissions from 0.30 to 0.52 kg N t−1 to 0.22–0.35 kg N t−1 without obvious influence on Vegetable Yield. The 587 kg N ha−1 yr−1 was the optimal N rate for both the U and U-CP treatments as indicated by the agronomic NUE and Yield-scaled N2O emissions. Thus, one third reduction of the conventional N fertilizer rate combined with CP was recommended to mitigate N2O emissions and maintain the Yield for the sustainable development of intensified leafy Vegetable production.
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Nitrification inhibitors mitigated reactive gaseous nitrogen intensity in intensive Vegetable soils from China
The Science of the total environment, 2017Co-Authors: Changhua Fan, Zhengqin XiongAbstract:Nitrification inhibitors, a promising tool for reducing nitrous oxide (N2O) losses and promoting nitrogen use efficiency by slowing nitrification, have gained extensive attention worldwide. However, there have been few attempts to explore the broad responses of multiple reactive gaseous nitrogen emissions of N2O, nitric oxide (NO) and ammonia (NH3) and Vegetable Yield to nitrification inhibitor applications across intensive Vegetable soils in China. A greenhouse pot experiment with five consecutive Vegetable crops was performed to assess the efficacies of two nitrification inhibitors, namely, nitrapyrin and dicyandiamide on reactive gaseous nitrogen emissions, Vegetable Yield and reactive gaseous nitrogen intensity in four typical Vegetable soils representing the intensive Vegetable cropping systems across mainland China: an Acrisol from Hunan Province, an Anthrosol from Shanxi Province, a Cambisol from Shandong Province and a Phaeozem from Heilongjiang Province. The results showed soil type had significant influences on reactive gaseous nitrogen intensity, with reactive gaseous nitrogen emissions and Yield mainly driven by soil factors: pH, nitrate, C:N ratio, cation exchange capacity and microbial biomass carbon. The highest reactive gaseous nitrogen emissions and reactive gaseous nitrogen intensity were in Acrisol while the highest Vegetable Yield occurred in Phaeozem. Nitrification inhibitor applications decreased N2O and NO emissions by 1.8-61.0% and 0.8-79.5%, respectively, but promoted NH3 volatilization by 3.2-44.6% across all soils. Furthermore, significant positive correlations were observed between inhibited N2O+NO and stimulated NH3 emissions with nitrification inhibitor additions across all soils, indicating that reduced nitrification posed the threat of NH3 losses. Additionally, reactive gaseous nitrogen intensity was significantly reduced in the Anthrosol and Cambisol due to the reduced reactive gaseous nitrogen emissions and increased Yield, respectively. Our findings highlight the benefits of nitrification inhibitors for integrating environment and agronomy in intensive Vegetable ecosystems in China.
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The combined effects of nitrification inhibitor and biochar incorporation on Yield-scaled N 2 O emissions from an intensively managed Vegetable field in southeastern China
Biogeosciences, 2015Co-Authors: Changhua Fan, Zhengqin Xiong, M. ZhangAbstract:Abstract. An experiment was conducted to study the influences of nitrification inhibitor (NI) and biochar incorporation on Yield-scaled N2O using the static chamber method and gas chromatography in an intensively managed Vegetable field with seven consecutive Vegetable crops from 2012 to 2014 in southeastern China. With an equal annual nitrogen (N) application rate (1217 kg N ha-1 yr-1), six treatments under three biochar amendment rates – namely, 0 t ha-1 (C0), 20 t ha-1 (C1) and 40 t ha-1 (C2) – with compound fertilizer (CF) or urea mixed with NI of nitrapyrin as chlorinated pyridine (CP) were studied in these field experiments. The results showed that, although there was no significant influence on soil organic carbon (SOC) content or total nitrogen (TN), nitrapyrin could result in a significant increase in soil pH during the experimental period. Nitrapyrin significantly decreased cumulative N2O emissions by 15.9–32.1% while increasing Vegetable Yield by 9.8–41.9%. Thus, it also decreased Yield-scaled N2O emissions significantly. In addition to the differential responses of the soil pH, biochar amendment significantly increased SOC and TN. Compared with the treatments without biochar addition, the cumulative N2O emissions showed no significant difference in the CF or the CP group treatments but increased slightly (not significantly) by 7.9–18.3% in the CP group treatments. Vegetable Yield was enhanced by 7.1–49.5% in the CF group treatments compared with the treatments without biochar amendment, while there was no significant difference in the CP group treatments, and the Yield-scaled N2O emissions were thus decreased significantly. Furthermore, treatments involving with nitrapyrin and biochar incorporation slightly increased Yield-scaled N2O emissions by 9.4%, on average, compared with CP-C0. Therefore, the application of nitrapyrin could serve as an appropriate practice for increasing Vegetable Yield and mitigating N2O emissions in intensively managed Vegetable fields and should be further examined in various agroecosystems.
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Combined effects of nitrogen fertilization and biochar on the net global warming potential, greenhouse gas intensity and net ecosystem economic budget in intensive Vegetable agriculture in southeastern China
Atmospheric Environment, 2015Co-Authors: Changhua Fan, Li-ying Sun, Haifeng Zhang, Zhaozhi Chen, Zhengqin XiongAbstract:Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and biochar addition on the net global warming potential (net GWP), greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) and net ecosystem economic budget (NEEB). These experiments were conducted in an intensive Vegetable field with 4 consecutive Vegetable crops in 2012 and 2013 in southeastern China. The experiment was conducted with a 32 factorial design in triplicate at N fertilizer rates of 0, 1475, 1967 kg N ha−1 and biochar rates of 0, 20, and 40 t ha−1. Although CH4 emissions were not obviously affected by N fertilization, N2O emissions increased by 27.2–116.2% and the net GWP increased by 30.6–307.2%. Consequently, the GHGI increased significantly, but Vegetable Yield and the NEEB did not improve. Furthermore, biochar amendments did not significantly influence CH4 emissions, but significantly decreased the N2O emissions by 1.7–25.4%, the net GWP by 89.6–700.5%, and the GHGI by 89.5–644.8%. In addition, Vegetable Yields significantly increased by 2.1–74.1%, which improved the NEEB. Thus, N fertilization did not increase Vegetable Yields or the NEEB. However, N fertilization did increase the net GWP and GHGI. In contrast, biochar additions resulted in lower N2O emissions and net GWP and GHGI, but increased Vegetable Yield and the NEEB in the intensive Vegetable production system. Therefore, appropriate biochar amendment should be studied to combat changing climate and to improve the economic profits of Vegetable production.
Changhua Fan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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organic substitute strategies reduced carbon and reactive nitrogen footprints and gained net ecosystem economic benefit for intensive Vegetable production
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019Co-Authors: Jun Zhou, Longlong Xia, Changhua Fan, Zhengqin XiongAbstract:Abstract Partially substituting inorganic fertilizer with organic fertilizer is widely adopted to improve intensive Vegetable production as well as potentially reduce carbon (C) and reactive nitrogen (Nr) footprints, but the associated comprehensive evaluations with life-cycle assessment (LCA) from environmental and economic perspectives have rarely been executed. Covering one-year consecutive Vegetable crops rotation, five fertilization strategies were established at an equal N level (SN: single inorganic fertilization; SM: single organic fertilization; mixing organic and inorganic N fertilizer at the ratio of 1:2 (M1N2), 1:1 (M1N1) and 2:1 (M2N1)) and a CK as control. Compared with the SN strategy, the M1N2, M1N1 and M2N1 strategies significantly decreased N2O emission (32.2–50.0%), NO emission (41.8–52.5%), NH3 volatilization (17.8–22.2%), N runoff (29.7–35.3%) and N leaching (34.2–44.8%) as well as significantly increased Vegetable Yield (4.3–7.4%) and annual SOC sequestration (244.5–463.1 kg C ha−1 yr−1). Consequently, the three organic-substitute strategies significantly reduced C footprint (17.0–21.8%) and the field interface Nr footprint (34.1–43.0%). The production of both organic and inorganic N fertilizer (31.1–51.5%) and N2O emissions (19.9–35.1%) were the hotspots of GHG emissions. The production of organic fertilizer dominated their foreground interface Nr footprint (86.6–97.9%) and environmental damage costs (EDC, 48.6–71.0%), while N leaching dominated the field interface Nr footprint (45.1–50.0%). Therefore, the substitute strategies improved the net ecosystem economic benefits (NEEB, which integrated net economic benefit and EDC) by CNY 2,799−12,151 ha−1 yr−1 and the M2N1and M1N1 strategies produced better NEEB, highlighting that appropriate substitute fertilization strategies are recommended for simultaneously environmental and economic benefits in intensive Vegetable production in China.
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Nitrification inhibitors mitigated reactive gaseous nitrogen intensity in intensive Vegetable soils from China
The Science of the total environment, 2017Co-Authors: Changhua Fan, Zhengqin XiongAbstract:Nitrification inhibitors, a promising tool for reducing nitrous oxide (N2O) losses and promoting nitrogen use efficiency by slowing nitrification, have gained extensive attention worldwide. However, there have been few attempts to explore the broad responses of multiple reactive gaseous nitrogen emissions of N2O, nitric oxide (NO) and ammonia (NH3) and Vegetable Yield to nitrification inhibitor applications across intensive Vegetable soils in China. A greenhouse pot experiment with five consecutive Vegetable crops was performed to assess the efficacies of two nitrification inhibitors, namely, nitrapyrin and dicyandiamide on reactive gaseous nitrogen emissions, Vegetable Yield and reactive gaseous nitrogen intensity in four typical Vegetable soils representing the intensive Vegetable cropping systems across mainland China: an Acrisol from Hunan Province, an Anthrosol from Shanxi Province, a Cambisol from Shandong Province and a Phaeozem from Heilongjiang Province. The results showed soil type had significant influences on reactive gaseous nitrogen intensity, with reactive gaseous nitrogen emissions and Yield mainly driven by soil factors: pH, nitrate, C:N ratio, cation exchange capacity and microbial biomass carbon. The highest reactive gaseous nitrogen emissions and reactive gaseous nitrogen intensity were in Acrisol while the highest Vegetable Yield occurred in Phaeozem. Nitrification inhibitor applications decreased N2O and NO emissions by 1.8-61.0% and 0.8-79.5%, respectively, but promoted NH3 volatilization by 3.2-44.6% across all soils. Furthermore, significant positive correlations were observed between inhibited N2O+NO and stimulated NH3 emissions with nitrification inhibitor additions across all soils, indicating that reduced nitrification posed the threat of NH3 losses. Additionally, reactive gaseous nitrogen intensity was significantly reduced in the Anthrosol and Cambisol due to the reduced reactive gaseous nitrogen emissions and increased Yield, respectively. Our findings highlight the benefits of nitrification inhibitors for integrating environment and agronomy in intensive Vegetable ecosystems in China.
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The combined effects of nitrification inhibitor and biochar incorporation on Yield-scaled N 2 O emissions from an intensively managed Vegetable field in southeastern China
Biogeosciences, 2015Co-Authors: Changhua Fan, Zhengqin Xiong, M. ZhangAbstract:Abstract. An experiment was conducted to study the influences of nitrification inhibitor (NI) and biochar incorporation on Yield-scaled N2O using the static chamber method and gas chromatography in an intensively managed Vegetable field with seven consecutive Vegetable crops from 2012 to 2014 in southeastern China. With an equal annual nitrogen (N) application rate (1217 kg N ha-1 yr-1), six treatments under three biochar amendment rates – namely, 0 t ha-1 (C0), 20 t ha-1 (C1) and 40 t ha-1 (C2) – with compound fertilizer (CF) or urea mixed with NI of nitrapyrin as chlorinated pyridine (CP) were studied in these field experiments. The results showed that, although there was no significant influence on soil organic carbon (SOC) content or total nitrogen (TN), nitrapyrin could result in a significant increase in soil pH during the experimental period. Nitrapyrin significantly decreased cumulative N2O emissions by 15.9–32.1% while increasing Vegetable Yield by 9.8–41.9%. Thus, it also decreased Yield-scaled N2O emissions significantly. In addition to the differential responses of the soil pH, biochar amendment significantly increased SOC and TN. Compared with the treatments without biochar addition, the cumulative N2O emissions showed no significant difference in the CF or the CP group treatments but increased slightly (not significantly) by 7.9–18.3% in the CP group treatments. Vegetable Yield was enhanced by 7.1–49.5% in the CF group treatments compared with the treatments without biochar amendment, while there was no significant difference in the CP group treatments, and the Yield-scaled N2O emissions were thus decreased significantly. Furthermore, treatments involving with nitrapyrin and biochar incorporation slightly increased Yield-scaled N2O emissions by 9.4%, on average, compared with CP-C0. Therefore, the application of nitrapyrin could serve as an appropriate practice for increasing Vegetable Yield and mitigating N2O emissions in intensively managed Vegetable fields and should be further examined in various agroecosystems.
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Combined effects of nitrogen fertilization and biochar on the net global warming potential, greenhouse gas intensity and net ecosystem economic budget in intensive Vegetable agriculture in southeastern China
Atmospheric Environment, 2015Co-Authors: Changhua Fan, Li-ying Sun, Haifeng Zhang, Zhaozhi Chen, Zhengqin XiongAbstract:Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and biochar addition on the net global warming potential (net GWP), greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) and net ecosystem economic budget (NEEB). These experiments were conducted in an intensive Vegetable field with 4 consecutive Vegetable crops in 2012 and 2013 in southeastern China. The experiment was conducted with a 32 factorial design in triplicate at N fertilizer rates of 0, 1475, 1967 kg N ha−1 and biochar rates of 0, 20, and 40 t ha−1. Although CH4 emissions were not obviously affected by N fertilization, N2O emissions increased by 27.2–116.2% and the net GWP increased by 30.6–307.2%. Consequently, the GHGI increased significantly, but Vegetable Yield and the NEEB did not improve. Furthermore, biochar amendments did not significantly influence CH4 emissions, but significantly decreased the N2O emissions by 1.7–25.4%, the net GWP by 89.6–700.5%, and the GHGI by 89.5–644.8%. In addition, Vegetable Yields significantly increased by 2.1–74.1%, which improved the NEEB. Thus, N fertilization did not increase Vegetable Yields or the NEEB. However, N fertilization did increase the net GWP and GHGI. In contrast, biochar additions resulted in lower N2O emissions and net GWP and GHGI, but increased Vegetable Yield and the NEEB in the intensive Vegetable production system. Therefore, appropriate biochar amendment should be studied to combat changing climate and to improve the economic profits of Vegetable production.
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Effects of biochar and nitrification inhibitor incorporation on global warming potential of a Vegetable field in Nanjing, China
Ying yong sheng tai xue bao = The journal of applied ecology, 2014Co-Authors: Changhua Fan, Li-ying Sun, Zhengqin XiongAbstract:The influences of biochar and nitrification inhibitor incorporation on global warming potential (GWP) of a Vegetable field were studied using the static chamber and gas chromatography method. Compared with the treatments without biochar addition, the annual GWP of N2O and CH4 and Vegetable Yield were increased by 8.7%-12.4% and 16.1%-52.5%, respectively, whereas the greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) were decreased by 5.4%-28.7% following biochar amendment. Nitrification inhibitor significantly reduced the N2O emission while had little influence on CH4 emission, decreased GWP by 17.5%-20.6%, increased Vegetable Yield by 21.2%-40.1%, and decreased the GHGI significantly. The combined application of biochar and nitrification inhibitor significantly increased both Vegetable Yield and GWP, but to a greater extent for Vegetable Yield. Therefore, nitrification inhibitor incorporation could be served as an appropriate practice for increasing Vegetable Yield and mitigating GHG emissions in Vegetable field.
Hao Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Yield scaled n2o emissions as affected by nitrification inhibitor and overdose fertilization under an intensively managed Vegetable field a three year field study
Atmospheric Environment, 2019Co-Authors: Jun Zhou, Hao Chen, Zhengqin XiongAbstract:Abstract Vegetable fields exhibit contrasting characteristics of high nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and low nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) compared with other croplands due to intensification. A three-year field experiment consisting of eleven successive Vegetable crops was conducted to investigate the effects of wide range of overdose fertilization and chlorinated pyridine (CP, a nitrification inhibitor) on the N2O emissions, agronomic NUE, Yield-scaled N2O emissions, marginal Yield and marginal N2O emission. Five urea N input rates, combining without (U) or with CP (U-CP), were applied at 0, 587, 880 (the conventional N rate), 1173, and 1760 kg N ha−1 yr−1. Results showed that N2O emission responses to N rate fitted well with cubic models in both the U and U-CP group treatments. Meanwhile, CP addition significantly reduced annual cumulative N2O emissions and the N2O emission factor from 39.1 to 79.7 kg N ha−1 yr−1 and 2.7–3.6% to 31.6–56.2 kg N ha−1 yr−1 and 1.5–2.2%, respectively, in relation to the U treatments at the same N rate. Moreover, CP addition significantly decreased the Yield-scaled N2O emissions from 0.30 to 0.52 kg N t−1 to 0.22–0.35 kg N t−1 without obvious influence on Vegetable Yield. The 587 kg N ha−1 yr−1 was the optimal N rate for both the U and U-CP treatments as indicated by the agronomic NUE and Yield-scaled N2O emissions. Thus, one third reduction of the conventional N fertilizer rate combined with CP was recommended to mitigate N2O emissions and maintain the Yield for the sustainable development of intensified leafy Vegetable production.
Haofeng Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Optimal biochar amendment rate reduced the Yield-scaled N2O emissions from Ultisols in an intensive Vegetable field in South China
The Science of the total environment, 2020Co-Authors: Weihao Huang, Lars Elsgaard, Bo Yang, Haofeng YangAbstract:Abstract Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, Vegetable Yields, and soil microbial properties were studied in response to different rates of rice-straw biochar applied to an intensive Vegetable soil (Ultisol) in South China. The study was conducted over a one-year period as a block-designed field experiment (n = 3) with two successive crops and five harvests in total. Biochar was applied at rates of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 Mg ha−1 and splits of nitrogen (N) fertilizer were added in the form of urea (1010 kg N in total). References without biochar and N fertilization were included. Biochar significantly decreased the cumulative annual N2O emissions by 34–67%, which concurred with decreased denitrification enzyme activity and increased nosZ gene abundance in the Vegetable soil. The absolute N2O mitigation increased with increasing flux rates, which were positively correlated to soil temperature and water-filled pore space. Conversely, weak increases of N2O emissions were recurrently induced by biochar when the soil temperature was lower than 20 °C and the absolute fluxes were low. A significant 17–29% increase in Vegetable Yield was induced by biochar, which also ameliorated soil fertility by increasing the soil carbon content and the cation exchange capacity. Overall, biochar significantly decreased the Yield-scaled N2O emissions by 44–71% with the lowest Yield-scaled N2O emissions for the intermediate biochar application rate of 20 Mg ha−1. Higher biochar application rates failed to further decrease the Yield-scaled N2O emissions, but rather caused weak increases. Based on the present results, a biochar application rate of 20 Mg ha−1 combined with N fertilization seemed to be recommendable to achieve highest Vegetable Yield with lowest N2O emissions in intensive Vegetable production in South China.
M. Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The combined effects of nitrification inhibitor and biochar incorporation on Yield-scaled N 2 O emissions from an intensively managed Vegetable field in southeastern China
Biogeosciences, 2015Co-Authors: Changhua Fan, Zhengqin Xiong, M. ZhangAbstract:Abstract. An experiment was conducted to study the influences of nitrification inhibitor (NI) and biochar incorporation on Yield-scaled N2O using the static chamber method and gas chromatography in an intensively managed Vegetable field with seven consecutive Vegetable crops from 2012 to 2014 in southeastern China. With an equal annual nitrogen (N) application rate (1217 kg N ha-1 yr-1), six treatments under three biochar amendment rates – namely, 0 t ha-1 (C0), 20 t ha-1 (C1) and 40 t ha-1 (C2) – with compound fertilizer (CF) or urea mixed with NI of nitrapyrin as chlorinated pyridine (CP) were studied in these field experiments. The results showed that, although there was no significant influence on soil organic carbon (SOC) content or total nitrogen (TN), nitrapyrin could result in a significant increase in soil pH during the experimental period. Nitrapyrin significantly decreased cumulative N2O emissions by 15.9–32.1% while increasing Vegetable Yield by 9.8–41.9%. Thus, it also decreased Yield-scaled N2O emissions significantly. In addition to the differential responses of the soil pH, biochar amendment significantly increased SOC and TN. Compared with the treatments without biochar addition, the cumulative N2O emissions showed no significant difference in the CF or the CP group treatments but increased slightly (not significantly) by 7.9–18.3% in the CP group treatments. Vegetable Yield was enhanced by 7.1–49.5% in the CF group treatments compared with the treatments without biochar amendment, while there was no significant difference in the CP group treatments, and the Yield-scaled N2O emissions were thus decreased significantly. Furthermore, treatments involving with nitrapyrin and biochar incorporation slightly increased Yield-scaled N2O emissions by 9.4%, on average, compared with CP-C0. Therefore, the application of nitrapyrin could serve as an appropriate practice for increasing Vegetable Yield and mitigating N2O emissions in intensively managed Vegetable fields and should be further examined in various agroecosystems.
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The combined effects of nitrification inhibitor and biochar incorporation on Yield-scaled N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from an intensively managed Vegetable field in southeastern China
2014Co-Authors: C. H. Fan, Z. Q. Xiong, M. ZhangAbstract:Abstract. The influences of nitrification inhibitor (NI) and biochar incorporation on Yield-scaled N2O in a Vegetable field were studied using the static chamber method and gas chromatography. An experiment was conducted in an intensively managed Vegetable field with 7 consecutive Vegetable crops in 2012–2014 in southeastern China. With equal annual amounts of N (1217.3 kg N ha−1 yr−1), 6 treatments under 3 biochar amendment rates, namely, 0 t ha−1 (C0), 20 t ha−1 (C1), and 40 t ha−1 (C2), with compound fertilizer (CF) or urea mixed with chlorinated pyridine (CP) as NI, were studied in these field experiments. The results showed that although no significant influence on soil organic carbon (SOC) content or total nitrogen (TN), CP could result in a significant increase in soil pH during the experimental period. CP significantly decreased cumulative N2O emissions by 15.9–32.1% while increasing Vegetable Yield by 9.8–41.9%. Thus, it also decreased Yield-scaled N2O emissions significantly. In addition to the differential responses of the soil pH, biochar amendment significantly increased SOC and TN. Additionally, compared with the treatments without biochar addition, cumulative N2O emissions showed no significant difference in the CF or the CP group treatments but increased slightly (but not significantly) by 7.9–18.3% in the CP group treatments. Vegetable Yield was enhanced by 7.1–49.5% compared with the treatments without biochar amendment, and the Yield-scaled N2O emissions were thus decreased significantly. Furthermore, treatments applied with CP and biochar incorporation slightly increased Yield-scaled N2O emissions by 9.4%, on average, compared with CP-C0. Therefore, the incorporation of CP could serve as an appropriate practice for increasing Vegetable Yield and mitigating N2O emissions in intensively managed Vegetable fields and should be further examined in various agroecosystems.