The Experts below are selected from a list of 129 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Aparna Gomes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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viper and cobra Venom neutralization by β sitosterol and stigmasterol isolated from the root extract of pluchea indica less asteraceae
Phytomedicine, 2007Co-Authors: Aparna Gomes, Ipshita Chatterjee, Archita Saha, A K ChakravartyAbstract:Abstract We reported previously that the methanolic root extract of the Indian medicinal plant Pluchea indica Less. (Asteraceae) could neutralize viper Venom-induced action [Alam, M.I., Auddy, B., Gomes, A., 1996. Viper Venom neutralization by Indian medicinal plant (Hemidesmus indicus and P. indica) root extracts. Phytother. Res. 10, 58–61]. The present study reports the neutralization of viper and cobra Venom by β-sitosterol and stigmasterol isolated from the root extract of P. indica Less. (Asteraceae). The active fraction (containing the major compound β-sitosterol and the minor compound stigmasterol) was isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and the structure was determined using spectroscopic analysis (EIMS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR). Anti-snake Venom activity was studied in experimental animals. The active fraction was found to significantly neutralize viper Venom-induced lethal, hemorrhagic, defibrinogenation, edema and PLA2 activity. Cobra Venom-induced lethality, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, respiratory changes and PLA2 activity were also antagonized by the active component. It potentiated commercial snake Venom Antiserum action against Venom-induced lethality in male albino mice. The active fraction could antagonize Venom-induced changes in lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity. This study suggests that β-sitosterol and stigmasterol may play an important role, along with Antiserum, in neutralizing snake Venom-induced actions.
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adjuvant effects and Antiserum action potentiation by a herbal compound 2 hydroxy 4 methoxy benzoic acid isolated from the root extract of the indian medicinal plant sarsaparilla hemidesmus indicus r br
Toxicon, 1998Co-Authors: M.i. Alam, Aparna GomesAbstract:The adjuvant effect and Antiserum potentiation of a compound 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzoic acid were explored in the present investigation. This compound, isolated and purified from the Indian medicinal plant Hemidesmus indicus R. Br, possessed antisnake Venom activity. Rabbits immunized with Vipera russellii Venom in the presence and absence of the compound along with Freund's complete adjuvant, produced a precipitating band in immunogel diffusion and immunogel electrophoresis. The Venom neutralizing capacity of this Antiserum showed positive adjuvant effects as evident by the higher neutralization capacity (lethal and hemorrhage) when compared with the Antiserum raised with Venom alone. The pure compound potentiated the lethal action neutralization of Venom by commercial equine polyvalent snake Venom Antiserum in experimental models. These observations raised the possibility of the use of chemical antagonists (from herbs) against snake bite, which may provide a better protection in presence of Antiserum, especially in the rural parts of India.
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Viper Venom neutralization by Indian medicinal plant (Hemidesmus indicus and Pluchea indica) root extracts
Phytotherapy Research, 1996Co-Authors: M.i. Alam, Biswajit Auddy, Aparna GomesAbstract:The methanol root extracts of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. and Pluchea indica (Less) were explored for the first time for neutralization of snake Venom (Vipera russellii) activity. The H. indicus and P. indica root extracts significantly neutralized the viper Venom-induced lethality and haemorrhagic activity in albino rat and mouse. Venom-induced coagulant and anticoagulant activity was also antagonized by both the extracts. No precipitating bands were observed between the plant extract and polyvalent snake Venom Antiserum. Maximum neutralization was achieved by H. indicus root extract. These observations confirmed that certain Indian medicinal plants possess significant snake Venom neutralizing capacity and need further examination for their active constituents.
Beata Halassy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vipera ammodytes bites treated with antiVenom viperatab a case series with pharmacokinetic evaluation
Clinical Toxicology, 2017Co-Authors: Miran Brvar, Tihana Kurtovic, Damjan Grenc, Maja Lang Balija, Igor Križaj, Beata HalassyAbstract:AbstractContext: In clinical practice it is difficult to differentiate between V. berus and V. ammodytes Venomous bites. In the past this was not a concern, but due to the current shortage in Viperfav™ and European viper Venom Antiserum availability, V. a. ammodytes Venomous bites have recently been treated with ViperaTAb®, which is a pharmaceutical formulation containing a monospecific ovine Fab fragments against the Venom of V. berus.Objective: To evaluate ViperaTAb® in V. a. ammodytes enVenomations.Materials and methods: This is a prospective case series of three consecutive patients enVenomed by V. a. ammodytes snakebite treated with ViperaTAb®. V. ammodytes Venom, neurotoxic ammodytoxins, and Fab fragment levels were determined in serum samples and a pharmacokinetic analysis of the antiVenom Fab fragments was carried out.Results: Three patients bitten by V. a. ammodytes with extensive local swelling, neurological symptoms and recurrent thrombocytopenia were treated with ViperaTAb®. V. ammodytes Venom...
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Vipera ammodytes bites treated with antiVenoms Viperfav® and ViperaTAb®
2017Co-Authors: Miran Brvar, Damjan Grenc, Maja Lang Balija, Igor Križaj, Tihana Kurtović, Beata HalassyAbstract:Objective: Clinically Vipera berus and Vipera ammodytes enVenomation are difficult to differentiate. In the past this was not a concern, but due to the current shortage in European viper Venom Antiserum availability, V. ammodytes Venomous bites have recently been treated with ViperfavTM and ViperaTAb®. Viperfav contains polyvalent equine F(ab')2 fragments as an active principle against V. aspis, V. berus and V. ammodytes, while ViperaTAb contains monospecific ovine Fab fragments against V. berus. ViperaTAb’s and Viperfav’s therapeutic convenience for use against V. ammodytes Venom- induced toxicity in humans has not been described, although protective efficacy has been proved preclinically. The aim of this study was to evaluate Viperfav and ViperaTAb in V. ammodytes enVenomations. Methods: A prospective case series of consecutive patients enVenomed by V. ammodytes treated with Viperfav and/or ViperaTAb in the University Medical Centre Ljubljana in 2015 and 2016. V. ammodytes Venom, neurotoxic ammodytoxins, and F(ab')2 and/or Fab fragments concentrations were determined in serum samples with a pharmacokinetic analysis of the antiVenoms. Results: Ten patients bitten by V. ammodytes were treated using Viperfav and/or ViperaTAb ; 5 received Viperfav, 4 ViperaTAb, and 1 patient received both. V. ammodytes Venom and antiVenom concentrations were measured in 5 patients. V. ammodytes Venom was detected in serum of all 5 patients, but ammodytoxins were detected in only the most severely enVenomed patient who developed neurological symptoms. Viperfav (4 mL) promptly reduced local swelling and improved systemic pathological signs, except recurrent thrombocytopenia. ViperaTAb (8 mL) reduced moderate swelling and temporarily improved systemic effects as well. However, this dose of ViperaTAb had no effect on neurological signs. ViperaTAb and Viperfav administration induced a decrease in V. ammodytes Venom serum concentrations, but only Viperfav affected the serum ammodytoxins concentration. Viperfav’s systemic clearance and elimination half-life were 1.64 (mL/h)/kg and 97 hours, while ViperaTAb’s were 4.3–13.4 (mL/h)/kg and 14.1– 55.4 hours, respectively. Conclusion: In patients bitten by V. ammodytes, both Viperfav and ViperaTAb reduce local swelling and temporarily improve systemic effects. ViperaTAb did not affect neurological symptoms or the serum concentration of neurotoxic ammodytoxins. The recommended dose of Viperfav and ViperaTAb may be inadequate in serious cases of V. ammodytes bites, therefore duplication and repetition of the treatment, with an adjustment of administration timing, should be considered. However, it should be pointed out that this study was the result of V. ammodytes antiVenom shortage and it emphasises the importance of the specific antiVenom availability.
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Vipera ammodites bites treated with antiVenom ViperaTAb®: a case series and pharmacokinetic evaluation
2016Co-Authors: Tihana Kurtović, Miran Brvar, Damjan Grenc, Maja Lang Balija, Igor Križaj, Beata HalassyAbstract:In the southeastern parts of Europe Vipera a. ammodytes and Vipera berus are the only medically important poisonous snakes. Differentiation of their bites based on clinical presentation is very difficult and unreliable. In the past this was not a concern, since snakebites were successfully treated with Viperfav™ (Aventis Pasteur, France) or European viper Venom Antiserum (Zagreb antiVenom) (Institute of Immunology, Croatia) as formulations containing equine F(ab’)2 fragments that are either specific for both Venoms, either clinically proved to be safe and effective for the treatment of V. a. ammodytes and V. berus enVenomings. However, due to current shortage in ViperfavTM and Zagreb antiVenom availability, V. a. ammodytes and V. berus bites have recently been treated with ViperaTAb® (MicroPharm Limited, United Kingdom) composed of ovine Fab fragments as active principle against the Venom of V. berus only. Its therapeutical convenience for use against V. a. ammodytes Venom-induced toxicity in human has not been described yet, although neutralisation efficacy has been proved preclinically. In view of this for the first time we present cases of several V. a. ammodytes snakebites treated with ViperaTAb® whose pharmacokinetics has been measured and correlated with clinical picture.
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Paraspecificity of Vipera a. ammodytes-specific antiVenom towards Montivipera raddei and Macrovipera lebetina obtusa Venoms.
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology, 2013Co-Authors: Tihana Kurtović, Naira M Ayvazyan, Maja Lang Balija, Beata HalassyAbstract:Abstract AntiVenom raised against the Venom of nose-horned viper, Vipera ammodytes (V. a.) ammodytes (European viper Venom Antiserum, Zagreb antiVenom), contains neutralising equine F(ab′)2 fragments that are clinically successful against homologous Venom, but also against the Venoms of several others medically important European snakes due to its paraspecific action. In this work we demonstrated that Zagreb antiVenom is preclinically effective in neutralising lethal toxicity and hemorrhagicity of Venoms of Armenian mountain snakes – Montivipera raddei and Macrovipera lebetina obtusa as well. In order to better understand the biochemical basis of the observed paraspecificity, the ability of anti-V. a. ammodytes serum to recognise and neutralise proteinases of the two Venoms was also investigated. Anti-V. a. ammodytes serum showed surprisingly low capacity to inhibit metalloproteinases of both Venoms included in the study, probably due to weak immunorecognition of their P-I representatives. Also, it completely failed to abolish enzymatic action of serine proteinases from Macrovipera lebetina obtusa Venom. Relevance of such finding is yet to be established.
A K Chakravarty - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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viper and cobra Venom neutralization by β sitosterol and stigmasterol isolated from the root extract of pluchea indica less asteraceae
Phytomedicine, 2007Co-Authors: Aparna Gomes, Ipshita Chatterjee, Archita Saha, A K ChakravartyAbstract:Abstract We reported previously that the methanolic root extract of the Indian medicinal plant Pluchea indica Less. (Asteraceae) could neutralize viper Venom-induced action [Alam, M.I., Auddy, B., Gomes, A., 1996. Viper Venom neutralization by Indian medicinal plant (Hemidesmus indicus and P. indica) root extracts. Phytother. Res. 10, 58–61]. The present study reports the neutralization of viper and cobra Venom by β-sitosterol and stigmasterol isolated from the root extract of P. indica Less. (Asteraceae). The active fraction (containing the major compound β-sitosterol and the minor compound stigmasterol) was isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and the structure was determined using spectroscopic analysis (EIMS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR). Anti-snake Venom activity was studied in experimental animals. The active fraction was found to significantly neutralize viper Venom-induced lethal, hemorrhagic, defibrinogenation, edema and PLA2 activity. Cobra Venom-induced lethality, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, respiratory changes and PLA2 activity were also antagonized by the active component. It potentiated commercial snake Venom Antiserum action against Venom-induced lethality in male albino mice. The active fraction could antagonize Venom-induced changes in lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity. This study suggests that β-sitosterol and stigmasterol may play an important role, along with Antiserum, in neutralizing snake Venom-induced actions.
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Daboia russellii and Naja kaouthia Venom neutralization by lupeol acetate isolated from the root extract of Indian sarsaparilla Hemidesmus indicus R.Br.
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2006Co-Authors: Ipshita Chatterjee, A K ChakravartyAbstract:Abstract The present study reports the isolation and purification of lupeol acetate from the methanolic root extract of Indian medicinal plant Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R.Br. (family: Asclepiadaceae) which could neutralize Venom induced action of Daboia russellii and Naja kaouthia on experimental animals. Lupeol acetate could significantly neutralize lethality, haemorrhage, defibrinogenation, edema, PLA2 activity induced by Daboia russellii Venom. It also neutralized Naja kaouthia Venom induced lethality, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity and respiratory changes in experimental animals. Lupeol acetate potentiated the protection by snake Venom Antiserum action against Daboia russellii Venom induced lethality in male albino mice. Venom induced changes in lipid peroxidation and super oxide dismutase activity was antagonized by lupeol acetate. Snake Venom neutralization by lupeol acetate and its possible mechanism of action has been discussed.
M.i. Alam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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adjuvant effects and Antiserum action potentiation by a herbal compound 2 hydroxy 4 methoxy benzoic acid isolated from the root extract of the indian medicinal plant sarsaparilla hemidesmus indicus r br
Toxicon, 1998Co-Authors: M.i. Alam, Aparna GomesAbstract:The adjuvant effect and Antiserum potentiation of a compound 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzoic acid were explored in the present investigation. This compound, isolated and purified from the Indian medicinal plant Hemidesmus indicus R. Br, possessed antisnake Venom activity. Rabbits immunized with Vipera russellii Venom in the presence and absence of the compound along with Freund's complete adjuvant, produced a precipitating band in immunogel diffusion and immunogel electrophoresis. The Venom neutralizing capacity of this Antiserum showed positive adjuvant effects as evident by the higher neutralization capacity (lethal and hemorrhage) when compared with the Antiserum raised with Venom alone. The pure compound potentiated the lethal action neutralization of Venom by commercial equine polyvalent snake Venom Antiserum in experimental models. These observations raised the possibility of the use of chemical antagonists (from herbs) against snake bite, which may provide a better protection in presence of Antiserum, especially in the rural parts of India.
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Viper Venom neutralization by Indian medicinal plant (Hemidesmus indicus and Pluchea indica) root extracts
Phytotherapy Research, 1996Co-Authors: M.i. Alam, Biswajit Auddy, Aparna GomesAbstract:The methanol root extracts of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. and Pluchea indica (Less) were explored for the first time for neutralization of snake Venom (Vipera russellii) activity. The H. indicus and P. indica root extracts significantly neutralized the viper Venom-induced lethality and haemorrhagic activity in albino rat and mouse. Venom-induced coagulant and anticoagulant activity was also antagonized by both the extracts. No precipitating bands were observed between the plant extract and polyvalent snake Venom Antiserum. Maximum neutralization was achieved by H. indicus root extract. These observations confirmed that certain Indian medicinal plants possess significant snake Venom neutralizing capacity and need further examination for their active constituents.
Miran Brvar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vipera ammodytes bites treated with antiVenom viperatab a case series with pharmacokinetic evaluation
Clinical Toxicology, 2017Co-Authors: Miran Brvar, Tihana Kurtovic, Damjan Grenc, Maja Lang Balija, Igor Križaj, Beata HalassyAbstract:AbstractContext: In clinical practice it is difficult to differentiate between V. berus and V. ammodytes Venomous bites. In the past this was not a concern, but due to the current shortage in Viperfav™ and European viper Venom Antiserum availability, V. a. ammodytes Venomous bites have recently been treated with ViperaTAb®, which is a pharmaceutical formulation containing a monospecific ovine Fab fragments against the Venom of V. berus.Objective: To evaluate ViperaTAb® in V. a. ammodytes enVenomations.Materials and methods: This is a prospective case series of three consecutive patients enVenomed by V. a. ammodytes snakebite treated with ViperaTAb®. V. ammodytes Venom, neurotoxic ammodytoxins, and Fab fragment levels were determined in serum samples and a pharmacokinetic analysis of the antiVenom Fab fragments was carried out.Results: Three patients bitten by V. a. ammodytes with extensive local swelling, neurological symptoms and recurrent thrombocytopenia were treated with ViperaTAb®. V. ammodytes Venom...
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Vipera ammodytes bites treated with antiVenoms Viperfav® and ViperaTAb®
2017Co-Authors: Miran Brvar, Damjan Grenc, Maja Lang Balija, Igor Križaj, Tihana Kurtović, Beata HalassyAbstract:Objective: Clinically Vipera berus and Vipera ammodytes enVenomation are difficult to differentiate. In the past this was not a concern, but due to the current shortage in European viper Venom Antiserum availability, V. ammodytes Venomous bites have recently been treated with ViperfavTM and ViperaTAb®. Viperfav contains polyvalent equine F(ab')2 fragments as an active principle against V. aspis, V. berus and V. ammodytes, while ViperaTAb contains monospecific ovine Fab fragments against V. berus. ViperaTAb’s and Viperfav’s therapeutic convenience for use against V. ammodytes Venom- induced toxicity in humans has not been described, although protective efficacy has been proved preclinically. The aim of this study was to evaluate Viperfav and ViperaTAb in V. ammodytes enVenomations. Methods: A prospective case series of consecutive patients enVenomed by V. ammodytes treated with Viperfav and/or ViperaTAb in the University Medical Centre Ljubljana in 2015 and 2016. V. ammodytes Venom, neurotoxic ammodytoxins, and F(ab')2 and/or Fab fragments concentrations were determined in serum samples with a pharmacokinetic analysis of the antiVenoms. Results: Ten patients bitten by V. ammodytes were treated using Viperfav and/or ViperaTAb ; 5 received Viperfav, 4 ViperaTAb, and 1 patient received both. V. ammodytes Venom and antiVenom concentrations were measured in 5 patients. V. ammodytes Venom was detected in serum of all 5 patients, but ammodytoxins were detected in only the most severely enVenomed patient who developed neurological symptoms. Viperfav (4 mL) promptly reduced local swelling and improved systemic pathological signs, except recurrent thrombocytopenia. ViperaTAb (8 mL) reduced moderate swelling and temporarily improved systemic effects as well. However, this dose of ViperaTAb had no effect on neurological signs. ViperaTAb and Viperfav administration induced a decrease in V. ammodytes Venom serum concentrations, but only Viperfav affected the serum ammodytoxins concentration. Viperfav’s systemic clearance and elimination half-life were 1.64 (mL/h)/kg and 97 hours, while ViperaTAb’s were 4.3–13.4 (mL/h)/kg and 14.1– 55.4 hours, respectively. Conclusion: In patients bitten by V. ammodytes, both Viperfav and ViperaTAb reduce local swelling and temporarily improve systemic effects. ViperaTAb did not affect neurological symptoms or the serum concentration of neurotoxic ammodytoxins. The recommended dose of Viperfav and ViperaTAb may be inadequate in serious cases of V. ammodytes bites, therefore duplication and repetition of the treatment, with an adjustment of administration timing, should be considered. However, it should be pointed out that this study was the result of V. ammodytes antiVenom shortage and it emphasises the importance of the specific antiVenom availability.
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Vipera ammodites bites treated with antiVenom ViperaTAb®: a case series and pharmacokinetic evaluation
2016Co-Authors: Tihana Kurtović, Miran Brvar, Damjan Grenc, Maja Lang Balija, Igor Križaj, Beata HalassyAbstract:In the southeastern parts of Europe Vipera a. ammodytes and Vipera berus are the only medically important poisonous snakes. Differentiation of their bites based on clinical presentation is very difficult and unreliable. In the past this was not a concern, since snakebites were successfully treated with Viperfav™ (Aventis Pasteur, France) or European viper Venom Antiserum (Zagreb antiVenom) (Institute of Immunology, Croatia) as formulations containing equine F(ab’)2 fragments that are either specific for both Venoms, either clinically proved to be safe and effective for the treatment of V. a. ammodytes and V. berus enVenomings. However, due to current shortage in ViperfavTM and Zagreb antiVenom availability, V. a. ammodytes and V. berus bites have recently been treated with ViperaTAb® (MicroPharm Limited, United Kingdom) composed of ovine Fab fragments as active principle against the Venom of V. berus only. Its therapeutical convenience for use against V. a. ammodytes Venom-induced toxicity in human has not been described yet, although neutralisation efficacy has been proved preclinically. In view of this for the first time we present cases of several V. a. ammodytes snakebites treated with ViperaTAb® whose pharmacokinetics has been measured and correlated with clinical picture.
