The Experts below are selected from a list of 318 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Raquel E. Gur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Opposing amygdala and Ventral Striatum connectivity during emotion identification
Brain and Cognition, 2011Co-Authors: Theodore Daniel Satterthwaite, Jeffrey N. Valdez, Eve Overton, Mark A. Elliott, Amy E. Pinkham, Kosha Ruparel, Daniel H Wolf, Janina Seubert, Raquel E. GurAbstract:Lesion and electrophysiological studies in animals provide evidence of opposing functions for subcortical nuclei such as the amygdala and Ventral Striatum, but the implications of these findings for emotion identification in humans remain poorly described. Here we report a high-resolution fMRI study in a sample of 39 healthy subjects who performed a well-characterized emotion identification task. As expected, the amygdala responded to THREAT (angry or fearful) faces more than NON-THREAT (sad or happy) faces. A functional connectivity analysis of the time series from an anatomically defined amygdala seed revealed a strong anticorrelation between the amygdala and the Ventral Striatum/Ventral pallidum, consistent with an opposing role for these regions in during emotion identification. A second functional connectivity analysis (psychophysiological interaction) investigating relative connectivity on THREAT vs. NON-THREAT trials demonstrated that the amygdala had increased connectivity with the orbitofrontal cortex during THREAT trials, whereas the Ventral Striatum demonstrated increased connectivity with the posterior hippocampus on NON-THREAT trials. These results indicate that activity in the amygdala and Ventral Striatum may be inversely related, and that both regions may provide opposing affective bias signals during emotion identification. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.
Ki Ann Goosens - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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amygdala Ventral Striatum circuit activation decreases long term fear
eLife, 2016Co-Authors: Susana S Correia, Anna Mcgrath, Ann M Graybiel, Ki Ann GoosensAbstract:In humans, activation of the Ventral Striatum, a region associated with reward processing, is associated with the extinction of fear, a goal in the treatment of fear-related disorders. This evidence suggests that extinction of aversive memories engages reward-related circuits, but a causal relationship between activity in a reward circuit and fear extinction has not been demonstrated. Here, we identify a basolateral amygdala (BLA)-Ventral Striatum (NAc) pathway that is activated by extinction training. Enhanced recruitment of this circuit during extinction learning, either by pairing reward with fear extinction training or by optogenetic stimulation of this circuit during fear extinction, reduces the return of fear that normally follows extinction training. Our findings thus identify a specific BLA-NAc reward circuit that can regulate the persistence of fear extinction and point toward a potential therapeutic target for disorders in which the return of fear following extinction therapy is an obstacle to treatment.
Theodore Daniel Satterthwaite - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Opposing amygdala and Ventral Striatum connectivity during emotion identification
Brain and Cognition, 2011Co-Authors: Theodore Daniel Satterthwaite, Jeffrey N. Valdez, Eve Overton, Mark A. Elliott, Amy E. Pinkham, Kosha Ruparel, Daniel H Wolf, Janina SeubertAbstract:Lesion and electrophysiological studies in animals provide evidence of opposing functions for subcortical nuclei such as the amygdala and Ventral Striatum, but the implications of these findings for emotion identification in humans remain poorly described. Here we report a high-resolution fMRI study in a sample of 39 healthy subjects who performed a well-characterized emotion identification task. As expected, the amygdala responded to THREAT (angry or fearful) faces more than NON-THREAT (sad or happy) faces. A functional connectivity analysis of the time series from an anatomically defined amygdala seed revealed a strong anticorrelation between the amygdala and the Ventral Striatum/Ventral pallidum, consistent with an opposing role for these regions in during emotion identification. A second functional connectivity analysis (psychophysiological interaction) investigating relative connectivity on THREAT vs. NON-THREAT trials demonstrated that the amygdala had increased connectivity with the orbitofrontal cortex during THREAT trials, whereas the Ventral Striatum demonstrated increased connectivity with the posterior hippocampus on NON-THREAT trials. These results indicate that activity in the amygdala and Ventral Striatum may be inversely related, and that both regions may provide opposing affective bias signals during emotion identification.
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Opposing amygdala and Ventral Striatum connectivity during emotion identification
Brain and Cognition, 2011Co-Authors: Theodore Daniel Satterthwaite, Jeffrey N. Valdez, Eve Overton, Mark A. Elliott, Amy E. Pinkham, Kosha Ruparel, Daniel H Wolf, Janina Seubert, Raquel E. GurAbstract:Lesion and electrophysiological studies in animals provide evidence of opposing functions for subcortical nuclei such as the amygdala and Ventral Striatum, but the implications of these findings for emotion identification in humans remain poorly described. Here we report a high-resolution fMRI study in a sample of 39 healthy subjects who performed a well-characterized emotion identification task. As expected, the amygdala responded to THREAT (angry or fearful) faces more than NON-THREAT (sad or happy) faces. A functional connectivity analysis of the time series from an anatomically defined amygdala seed revealed a strong anticorrelation between the amygdala and the Ventral Striatum/Ventral pallidum, consistent with an opposing role for these regions in during emotion identification. A second functional connectivity analysis (psychophysiological interaction) investigating relative connectivity on THREAT vs. NON-THREAT trials demonstrated that the amygdala had increased connectivity with the orbitofrontal cortex during THREAT trials, whereas the Ventral Striatum demonstrated increased connectivity with the posterior hippocampus on NON-THREAT trials. These results indicate that activity in the amygdala and Ventral Striatum may be inversely related, and that both regions may provide opposing affective bias signals during emotion identification. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.
Suzanne N Haber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Defining the Caudal Ventral Striatum in Primates: Cellular and Histochemical Features
The Journal of Neuroscience, 2002Co-Authors: Julie L. Fudge, Suzanne N HaberAbstract:Afferents from the amygdala help to define the Ventral Striatum and mediate goal-directed behaviors. In addition to well known inputs to the classic Ventral Striatum, the amygdala also projects to the caudoVentral Striatum and amygdalostriatal area. We examined whether the primate caudoVentral Striatum and amygdalostriatal area can be considered part of the “Ventral” Striatum based on cellular and histochemical features found in the classic rostral Ventral Striatum. We used several histochemical stains, including calbindin-D28k, a marker of the shell compartment, acetylcholinesterase, substance P, tyrosine hydroxylase, and Bcl-2, a marker of immature neurons, to examine this question. Our results indicate that the lateral amygdalostriatal area and caudoVentral Striatum are “striatal like” based on intermediate to high acetylcholinesterase and tyrosine hydroxylase levels. The lateral amygdalostriatal area is chemically similar to the shell, whereas the caudoVentral Striatum more closely resembles the Striatum outside the shell. In contrast, the medial amygdalostriatal area is more related to the central amygdaloid nucleus than to the Striatum. Bcl-2 immunoreactivity is associated with granular islands and medium-sized cells in the vicinity of the Ventral Striatum both rostrally and caudally. Together, the caudal Ventral Striatum has a histochemical and cellular organization similar to that of the rostral Ventral Striatum, consistent with their common innervation by the amygdala and other Ventral structures. In addition, Bcl-2 is expressed in and near both poles of the Ventral Striatum, suggesting that these areas maintain a heightened capacity for growth and plasticity compared with other striatal sectors.
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the concept of the Ventral Striatum in nonhuman primates
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1999Co-Authors: Suzanne N Haber, Nikolaus R McfarlandAbstract:: The concept of the Ventral Striatum was first put forth by Heimer and Wilson to describe the extension of basal ganglia elements into the olfactory tubercle. The Ventral Striatum includes the conventional nucleus accumbens, which has been closely associated with reward and motivation. This paper uses the afferent connections to the Ventral Striatum to define this region in monkeys. Furthermore the shell and core subterritories are discussed with respect to their histochemistry and specific connections.
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Topographic organization of the Ventral Striatum afferent projection from amygdaloid complex and hippocampal formation
Nō to shinkei Brain and nerve, 1996Co-Authors: K Kunishio, Ohmoto T, Suzanne N HaberAbstract:The organization of the striatal afferent fibers from the amygdaloid complex and hippocampal formation was studied in the monkey with particular emphasis on specific projections of the Ventral Striatum. Retrograde tracers were injected into the different regions of the Ventral (limbic) Striatum and dorsolateral (sensorimotor) Striatum. Labeled neurons were observed in the various regions of the amygdaloid complex and hippocampal formation. The medial Ventral Striatum received dense projections from the amygdala (the basal nucleus and the magnocellular division of the accessory basal nucleus), and the hippocampus (subiculum, CA1 and CA3). The shell of the nucleus accumbens (calbindin-D28k negative region) also received dense projections from the amygdala (the basal nucleus and the magnocellular division of the accessory basal nucleus), and the hippocampus (subiculum). The injections into the core of the nucleus accumbens showed scattered labeled neurons in the amygdala, and only a few labeled neurons in the hippocampus. The lateral Ventral Striatum received few inputs from the amygdala and hippocampus. In contrast to the Ventral Striatum, the dorsolateral Striatum received no projection from the amygdala or the hippocampus. The connectional similarities between the medial Ventral Striatum and the shell of the nucleus accumbens suggest that although the medial Ventral Striatum is not calbindin-D28k negative, it may be regarded as a transitional zone between the shell and the rest of the Ventral Striatum.
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Organization of thalamic projections to the Ventral Striatum in the primate
The Journal of Comparative Neurology, 1995Co-Authors: José Manuel Giménez-amaya, Nikolaus R Mcfarland, Silvano De Las Heras, Suzanne N HaberAbstract:Although thalamic projections to the dorsal Striatum are well described in primates and other species, little is known about thalamic projections to the Ventral or “limbic” Striatum in the primate. This study explores the organization of the thalamic projections to the Ventral Striatum in the primate brain by means of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) and Lucifer yellow (LY) retrograde tracer techniques. In addition, because functional and connective differences have been described for the core and shell components of the nucleus accumbens in the rat and are thought to be similar in the primate, this study also explores whether these regions of the nucleus accumbens can be distinguished by their thalamic input. Tracer injections are placed in different portions of the Ventral Striatum, including the medial and lateral regions of the Ventral Striatum; the central region of the Ventral Striatum, including the dorsal part of the core of the nucleus accumbens; and the shell region of the nucleus accumbens. Retrogradely labeled neurons are located mainly in the midline nuclear group (anterior and posterior paraventricular, paratenial, rhomboid, and reuniens thalamic nuclei) and in the parafascicular thalamic nucleus. Additional labeled cells are found in other portions of the intralaminar nuclear group as well as in other thalamic nuclei in the Ventral, anterior, medial, lateral, and posterior thalamic nuclear groups. The distribution of labeled cells varies depending on the area of the Ventral Striatum injected. All regions of the Ventral Striatum receive strong projections from the midline thalamic nuclei and from the parafascicular nucleus. In addition, the medial region of the Ventral Striatum receives numerous projections from the central superior lateral nucleus, the magnocellular subdivision of the Ventral anterior nucleus, and parts of the mediodorsal nucleus. After injection into the lateral region of the Ventral Striatum, few labeled neurons are seen scattered in nuclei of the intralaminar and Ventral thalamic groups and occasional labeled cells in the mediodorsal nucleus. The central region of the Ventral Striatum, including the dorsal part of the core of the nucleus accumbens, receives a limited projection from the midline thqlamic, predominantly from the rhomboid nucleus. It receives much smaller projections from the central medial nucleus and the Ventral, anterior, and medial thalamic groups. The shell of the nucleus accumbens receives the most limited projection from the thalamus and is innervated almost exclusively by the midline thalamic nuclei and the central medial and parafascicular nuclei. The shell is distinguished from the rest of the Ventral Striatum in that it receives the fewest projections from the Ventral, anterior, medial, and lateral thalamic nuclei. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Primate striatonigral projections: a comparison of the sensorimotor-related Striatum and the Ventral Striatum.
The Journal of Comparative Neurology, 1994Co-Authors: E. Lynd-balta, Suzanne N HaberAbstract:The Striatum receives topographic cortical inputs with the limbic lobe terminating in the Ventral Striatum and sensorimotor cortical regions terminating in the dorsolateral Striatum. The organization of striatonigral projections originating from these different striatal territories was examined in primate by using several anterograde tracers. The Ventral Striatum innervates a large area of the substantia nigra, including the medial pars reticulata and much of the pars compacta. Moreover, projections from separate areas of the Ventral Striatum overlap considerably in the substantia nigra. No mediolateral or rostrocaudal topographic order is apparent, and the area of the substantia nigra associated with the Ventral Striatum is extensive. In contrast, the sensorimotor-related Striatum innervates a limited region of the ventrolateral substantia nigra. Similar to Ventral striatonigral projections, projections originating from different areas of the sensorimotor-related Striatum send converging inputs to the substantia nigra. Sensorimotor-related striatonigral projections avoid the region of the dopaminergic neurons in the dorsal pars compacta. Striatonigral projections from the sensorimotor-related and Ventral Striatum do not overlap in the substantia nigra. Examination of the outputs of discrete striatal loci indicates that the organization of striatonigral projections is more related to corticostriatal inputs than to a simple rostrocaudal, dorsoVentral, or mediolateral tpography of the Striatum. Striatal projections that originate from different striatal territories are distinct and nonoverlapping, thus supporting the concept of segregated striatonigral circuits. However, areas of the Striatum that receive common cortical inputs send converging inputs to the substantia nigra. This suggests that the substantia nigra is also an important link for integrating information between functionally related (sub)circuits. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Janina Seubert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Opposing amygdala and Ventral Striatum connectivity during emotion identification
Brain and Cognition, 2011Co-Authors: Theodore Daniel Satterthwaite, Jeffrey N. Valdez, Eve Overton, Mark A. Elliott, Amy E. Pinkham, Kosha Ruparel, Daniel H Wolf, Janina SeubertAbstract:Lesion and electrophysiological studies in animals provide evidence of opposing functions for subcortical nuclei such as the amygdala and Ventral Striatum, but the implications of these findings for emotion identification in humans remain poorly described. Here we report a high-resolution fMRI study in a sample of 39 healthy subjects who performed a well-characterized emotion identification task. As expected, the amygdala responded to THREAT (angry or fearful) faces more than NON-THREAT (sad or happy) faces. A functional connectivity analysis of the time series from an anatomically defined amygdala seed revealed a strong anticorrelation between the amygdala and the Ventral Striatum/Ventral pallidum, consistent with an opposing role for these regions in during emotion identification. A second functional connectivity analysis (psychophysiological interaction) investigating relative connectivity on THREAT vs. NON-THREAT trials demonstrated that the amygdala had increased connectivity with the orbitofrontal cortex during THREAT trials, whereas the Ventral Striatum demonstrated increased connectivity with the posterior hippocampus on NON-THREAT trials. These results indicate that activity in the amygdala and Ventral Striatum may be inversely related, and that both regions may provide opposing affective bias signals during emotion identification.
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Opposing amygdala and Ventral Striatum connectivity during emotion identification
Brain and Cognition, 2011Co-Authors: Theodore Daniel Satterthwaite, Jeffrey N. Valdez, Eve Overton, Mark A. Elliott, Amy E. Pinkham, Kosha Ruparel, Daniel H Wolf, Janina Seubert, Raquel E. GurAbstract:Lesion and electrophysiological studies in animals provide evidence of opposing functions for subcortical nuclei such as the amygdala and Ventral Striatum, but the implications of these findings for emotion identification in humans remain poorly described. Here we report a high-resolution fMRI study in a sample of 39 healthy subjects who performed a well-characterized emotion identification task. As expected, the amygdala responded to THREAT (angry or fearful) faces more than NON-THREAT (sad or happy) faces. A functional connectivity analysis of the time series from an anatomically defined amygdala seed revealed a strong anticorrelation between the amygdala and the Ventral Striatum/Ventral pallidum, consistent with an opposing role for these regions in during emotion identification. A second functional connectivity analysis (psychophysiological interaction) investigating relative connectivity on THREAT vs. NON-THREAT trials demonstrated that the amygdala had increased connectivity with the orbitofrontal cortex during THREAT trials, whereas the Ventral Striatum demonstrated increased connectivity with the posterior hippocampus on NON-THREAT trials. These results indicate that activity in the amygdala and Ventral Striatum may be inversely related, and that both regions may provide opposing affective bias signals during emotion identification. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.