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Mei-chun Cheung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Music training is associated with cortical synchronization reflected in EEG coherence during Verbal Memory encoding.
PloS one, 2017Co-Authors: Mei-chun Cheung, Agnes S. Chan, Ying Liu, Derry Law, Christina W.y. WongAbstract:Music training can improve cognitive functions. Previous studies have shown that children and adults with music training demonstrate better Verbal learning and Memory performance than those without such training. Although prior studies have shown an association between music training and changes in the structural and functional organization of the brain, there is no concrete evidence of the underlying neural correlates of the Verbal Memory encoding phase involved in such enhanced Memory performance. Therefore, we carried out an electroencephalography (EEG) study to investigate how music training was associated with brain activity during the Verbal Memory encoding phase. Sixty participants were recruited, 30 of whom had received music training for at least one year (the MT group) and 30 of whom had never received music training (the NMT group). The participants in the two groups were matched for age, education, gender distribution, and cognitive capability. Their Verbal and visual Memory functions were assessed using standardized neuropsychological tests and EEG was used to record their brain activity during the Verbal Memory encoding phase. Consistent with previous studies, the MT group demonstrated better Verbal Memory than the NMT group during both the learning and the delayed recall trials in the paper-and-pencil tests. The MT group also exhibited greater learning capacity during the learning trials. Compared with the NMT group, the MT group showed an increase in long-range left and right intrahemispheric EEG coherence in the theta frequency band during the Verbal Memory encoding phase. In addition, their event-related left intrahemispheric theta coherence was positively associated with subsequent Verbal Memory performance as measured by discrimination scores. These results suggest that music training may modulate the cortical synchronization of the neural networks involved in Verbal Memory formation.
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music training improves Verbal Memory
Nature, 1998Co-Authors: Agnes S. Chan, Mei-chun CheungAbstract:Magnetic resonance imaging has shown that the left planum temporale region of the brain is larger in musicians than in non-musicians1. If this results from a change in cortical organization2,3, the left temporal area in musicians might have a better developed cognitive function than the right temporal lobe. Because Verbal Memory is mediated mainly by the left temporal lobe, and visual Memory by the right4,5, adults with music training should have better Verbal, but not visual, Memory than adults without such training. Here we show that adults who received music training before the age of 12 have a better Memory for spoken words than those who did not. Music training in childhood may therefore have long-term positive effects on Verbal Memory.
Wade M Mueller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a comparison of two fmri methods for predicting Verbal Memory decline after left temporal lobectomy language lateralization versus hippocampal activation asymmetry
Epilepsia, 2010Co-Authors: Jeffrey R Binder, Sara J Swanson, David S Sabsevitz, Thomas A Hammeke, Manoj Raghavan, Wade M MuellerAbstract:Summary Purpose: Language lateralization measured by preoperative functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was shown recently to be predictive of Verbal Memory outcome in patients undergoing left anterior temporal lobe (L-ATL) resection. The aim of this study was to determine whether language lateralization or functional lateralization in the hippocampus is a better predictor of outcome in this setting. Methods: Thirty L-ATL patients underwent preoperative language fMRI, preoperative hippocampal fMRI using a scene encoding task, and pre- and postoperative neuropsychological testing. A group of 37 right ATL (R-ATL) surgery patients was included for comparison. Results: Verbal Memory decline occurred in roughly half of the L-ATL patients. Preoperative language lateralization was correlated with postoperative Verbal Memory change. Hippocampal activation asymmetry was strongly related to side of seizure focus and to Wada Memory asymmetry but was unrelated to Verbal Memory outcome. Discussion: Preoperative hippocampal activation asymmetry elicited by a scene encoding task is not predictive of Verbal Memory outcome. Risk of Verbal Memory decline is likely to be related to lateralization of material-specific Verbal Memory networks, which are more closely correlated with language lateralization than with overall asymmetry of episodic Memory processes.
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use of preoperative functional mri to predict Verbal Memory decline after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery
Epilepsia, 2008Co-Authors: Jeffrey R Binder, Sara J Swanson, David S Sabsevitz, Thomas A Hammeke, Manoj Raghavan, Wade M MuellerAbstract:SUMMARY Purpose: Verbal Memory decline is a frequent complication of left anterior temporal lobectomy (L-ATL). The goal of this study was to determine whether preoperative language mapping using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is useful for predicting which patients are likely to experience Verbal Memory decline after L-ATL. Methods: Sixty L-ATL patients underwent preoperative language mapping with fMRI, preoperative intracarotid amobarbital (Wada) testing for language and Memory lateralization, and pre- and postoperative neuropsychological testing. Demographic, historical, neuropsychological, and imaging variables were examined for their ability to predict pre- to postoperative Memory change. Results: Verbal Memory decline occurred in over 30% of patients. Good preoperative performance, late age at onset of epilepsy, left dominance on fMRI, and left dominance on the Wada test were each predictive of Memory decline. Preoperative performance and age at onset together accounted for roughly 50% of the variance in Memory outcome (p < 0.001), and fMRI explained an additional 10% of this variance (p ≤ 0.003). Neither Wada
Sophia Vinogradov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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intensive auditory cognitive training improves Verbal Memory in adolescents and young adults at clinical high risk for psychosis
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2016Co-Authors: Rachel L Loewy, Melissa Fisher, Danielle A Schlosser, Bruno Biagianti, Barbara K Stuart, Daniel H Mathalon, Sophia VinogradovAbstract:Objective Individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis demonstrate cognitive impairments that predict later psychotic transition and real-world functioning. Cognitive training has shown benefits in schizophrenia, but has not yet been adequately tested in the CHR population. Methods In this double-blind randomized controlled trial, CHR individuals (N = 83) were given laptop computers and trained at home on 40 hours of auditory processing-based exercises designed to target Verbal learning and Memory operations, or on computer games (CG). Participants were assessed with neurocognitive tests based on the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia initiative (MATRICS) battery and rated on symptoms and functioning. Groups were compared before and after training using a mixed-effects model with restricted maximum likelihood estimation, given the high study attrition rate (42%). Results Participants in the targeted cognitive training group showed a significant improvement in Verbal Memory compared to CG participants (effect size = 0.61). Positive and Total symptoms improved in both groups over time. Conclusions CHR individuals showed patterns of training-induced cognitive improvement in Verbal Memory consistent with prior observations in schizophrenia. This is a particularly vulnerable domain in individuals at-risk for psychosis that predicts later functioning and psychotic transition. Ongoing follow-up of this cohort will assess the durability of training effects in CHR individuals, as well as the potential impact on symptoms and functioning over time. Clinical Trials Number: NCT00655239. URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00655239?term=vinogradov&rank=5.
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using neuroplasticity based auditory training to improve Verbal Memory in schizophrenia
American Journal of Psychiatry, 2009Co-Authors: Melissa Fisher, B Christine A Holland, Michael M Merzenich, Sophia VinogradovAbstract:Objective: Impaired Verbal Memory in schizophrenia is a key rate-limiting factor for functional outcome, does not respond to currently available medications, and shows only modest improvement after conventional behavioral remediation. The authors investigated an innovative approach to the remediation of Verbal Memory in schizophrenia, based on principles derived from the basic neuroscience of learning-induced neuroplasticity. The authors report interim findings in this ongoing study. Method: Fifty-five clinically stable schizophrenia subjects were randomly assigned to either 50 hours of computerized auditory training or a control condition using computer games. Those receiving auditory training engaged in daily computerized exercises that placed implicit, increasing demands on auditory perception through progressively more difficult auditory-Verbal working Memory and Verbal learning tasks. Results: Relative to the control group, subjects who received active training showed significant gains in global cognition, Verbal working Memory, and Verbal learning and Memory. They also showed reliable and significant improvement in auditory psychophysical performance; this improvement was significantly correlated with gains in Verbal working Memory and global cognition. Conclusions: Intensive training in early auditory processes and auditory-Verbal learning results in substantial gains in Verbal cognitive processes relevant to psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia. These gains may be due to a training method that addresses the early perceptual impairments in the illness, that exploits intact mechanisms of repetitive practice in schizophrenia, and that uses an intensive, adaptive training approach.
Beth A Leeman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does hippocampal fdg pet asymmetry predict Verbal Memory dysfunction after left temporal lobectomy
Epilepsy & Behavior, 2009Co-Authors: Beth A Leeman, Catherine L Leveroni, Keith A JohnsonAbstract:The primary aim of this study was to determine whether hippocampal asymmetries in fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on preoperative PET scans would predict post-temporal lobectomy Verbal Memory (VM) decline in patients with left temporal lobe epilepsy. A quantitative asymmetry index (AI) of uptake values within a hippocampal region of interest (ROI) was defined by an automated technique. No statistically significant effect of the hippocampal AI on the outcome measure, the pre- to postsurgical change in Logical Memory Percent Retention, was evident. Post hoc analyses revealed that AIs of the superior and inferior temporal gyri approached significance, however, with relatively greater left-sided preoperative metabolism predicting better VM outcomes. This finding suggests reorganization of function and/or retained function of remaining tissue. Although hippocampal FDG-PET asymmetries did not significantly predict changes in VM, the predictive value of neocortical AIs should be further explored. Automated ROI parcellation provides a feasible tool for use in such investigations.
Joseph R Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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wada Memory asymmetries predict Verbal Memory decline after anterior temporal lobectomy
Neurology, 1995Co-Authors: David W Loring, Kimford J Meador, M E Nichols, Don W King, Brian B Gallagher, Anthony M Murro, Yong D Park, Joseph R SmithAbstract:We examined Wada Memory and neuropsychological Memory function in 34 nonlesional patients who underwent anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) and who were seizure free at 1-year follow-up. Patients who displayed a decline on Verbal Memory measures that exceeded 1 SD after left ATL had significantly smaller left/right Wada Memory asymmetries than left ATL patients without a significant Verbal Memory decline. When Wada Memory asymmetries were used to predict Verbal Memory decline after left ATL in individual patients, similar statistically significant effects were present. No significant relationship between Wada Memory and postoperative Memory was present in right ATL patients, and postoperative Memory function was not related to Wada Memory performance after either left hemisphere or right hemisphere injection alone. We conclude that Wada Memory asymmetries provide one measure of the risk to material-specific decline in Verbal Memory after left ATL.
