The Experts below are selected from a list of 63 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Zhiliang Jiang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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SERS and RRS Spectral Detection of Ultratrace Sulfite Based on PtPd Nanoalloy Catalytic Amplification
Plasmonics, 2020Co-Authors: Haolin Wang, Aihui Liang, Guiqing Wen, Qiwen Liu, Chunqiang Chen, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:At temperature of 75 °C, the ethanol-HAuCl4 reaction to generate gold nanoparticles is relatively slow (AuNPs), and the noble metal nanoparticles can catalyze this nanoreaction. Sulfite can reduce PdCl2-H2PtCl6 to generate PtPd nanoalloy (PtPd) and strong catalysis to generate red AuNPs, which has a strong RRS peak at 370 nm. When Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R) is added, it produced a strong SERS peak at 1617 cm−1. We use SERS, RRS, absorption spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and other techniques to study the catalytic reaction of PtPd nanoalloy and propose a new mechanism for the nanoalloy catalytic reactions. When the SO32−concentration in the system gradually increases, the AuNPs produced by the catalytic reaction gradually increase and the RRS/SERS peak intensity increases linearly. Based on the nanoalloy catalytic amplification strategy, a new and sensitive RRS/SERS coupled dual-mode detection method for SO32− was constructed, with linear range of 0.13–12.1 μg·L−1 and a DL of 0.02 μg·L−1.
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Graphene oxide nanoribbon catalysis of gold nanoreaction and its application to SERS quantitative analysis of ultratrace glucose
Chemical Papers, 2019Co-Authors: Dong-mei Yao, Qingye Liu, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:Catalysis of four nanostructures, including graphene oxide nanoribbons (GONR), graphene oxide, N-doped carbon quantum dot and Ca-doped carbon quantum dot is examined on the reaction HAuCl4–trisodium citrate to form nanogold (AuNP). GONR exhibited strongest catalysis and appeared a SERS peak at 1615 cm−1 in the presence of Victoria Blue 4R molecular probes in the formed AuNP sol substrate. Upon addition of 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid (MPBA), it adsorbs on GONR to form MPBA–GONR conjugates that caused the SERS peak decreasing due to its catalysis decreasing. Upon addition of glucose, it reacts with MPBA to form MPBA–glucose complex to increase the SERS peak linearly owing to GONR catalysis recovering. The increased SERS signal (ΔI) is linear to glucose concentration in the range of 0.33–5.33 nM, with a detection limit of 0.13 nM. Thus, a new and highly sensitive SERS quantitative analysis method is established for detection of glucose, based on GONR catalytic amplification.
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a sensitive sers quantitative analysis method for ni2 by the dimethylglyoxime reaction regulating a graphene oxide nanoribbon catalytic gold nanoreaction
Luminescence, 2018Co-Authors: Aihui Liang, Guiqing Wen, Xinghui Zhang, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:The nanogold reaction between HAuCl4 and trisodium citrate (TCA) proceeded very slowly at 60°C in a water bath. The as-prepared graphene oxide nanoribbons (GONRs) exhibited strong catalysis during the reaction to form gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and appeared as a strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) peak at 1616 cm-1 in the presence of the molecular probe Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R). With increase in GONR concentration, the SERS peak increased due to increased formation of Au NPs. Upon addition of dimethylglyoxime (DMG) ligand, which was adsorbed onto the GONR surface to inhibit GONR catalysis, the SERS peak decreased. When Ni2+ was added, a coordination reaction between DMG and Ni2+ took place to form stable complexes of [Ni (DMG)2 ]2+ and the release of free GONR catalyst that resulted in the SERS peak increasing linearly. A SERS quantitative analysis method for Ni2+ was therefore established, with a linear range of 0.07-2.8 μM, and a detection limit of 0.036 μM Ni2+ .
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A simple gold nanoplasmonic SERS method for trace Hg2+ based on aptamer-regulating graphene oxide catalysis.
Luminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence, 2018Co-Authors: Xiaoliang Wang, Yanghe Luo, Aihui Liang, Guiqing Wen, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:The as-prepared graphene oxide (GO) exhibited a strong catalytic effect on reduction of HAuCl4 by trisodium citrate to form gold nanoplasmons (AuNPs) with a strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect at 1615 cm-1 in the presence of molecular probe Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R). SERS intensity increased with nanocatalyst GO concentration due to the formation of more AuNP substrates. The aptamer (Apt) of Hg2+ can bind to GO to form Apt-GO complexes, which can strongly inhibit nanocatalysis. When target Hg2+ is present, the formed stable Hg2+ -Apt complexes are separated from the GO surface, which leads to GO catalysis recovery. The enhanced SERS signal was linear to Hg2+ concentration in the range 0.25-10 nmol/L, with a detection limit of 0.08 nmol/L Hg2+ . Thus, a new gold nanoplasmon molecular spectral analysis platform was established for detecting Hg2+ , based on Apt regulation of GO nanocatalysis.
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A sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering method for chondroitin sulfate with Victoria Blue 4R molecular probes in nanogold sol substrate.
Luminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence, 2017Co-Authors: Yanghe Luo, Xiaoliang Wang, Qingye Liu, Aihui Liang, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:Using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as the nanocatalyst, l-cysteine rapidly reduced HAuCl4 to make a stable gold nanoparticle sol (Ag/AuNP) that had a high surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity in the presence of Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R) molecular probes. Under the selected conditions, chondroitin sulfate (Chs) reacted with the VB4R probes to form associated complexes that caused the SERS effect to decrease to 1618 cm-1 . The decreased SERS intensity was linear to the Chs concentration in the range 3.1-500 ng/ml, with a detection limit of 1.0 ng/ml Chs. Accordingly, we established a simple and sensitive SERS quantitative analysis method to determine Chs in real samples, with a relative standard deviation of 1.47-3.16% and a recovery rate of 97.6-104.2%.
Aihui Liang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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SERS and RRS Spectral Detection of Ultratrace Sulfite Based on PtPd Nanoalloy Catalytic Amplification
Plasmonics, 2020Co-Authors: Haolin Wang, Aihui Liang, Guiqing Wen, Qiwen Liu, Chunqiang Chen, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:At temperature of 75 °C, the ethanol-HAuCl4 reaction to generate gold nanoparticles is relatively slow (AuNPs), and the noble metal nanoparticles can catalyze this nanoreaction. Sulfite can reduce PdCl2-H2PtCl6 to generate PtPd nanoalloy (PtPd) and strong catalysis to generate red AuNPs, which has a strong RRS peak at 370 nm. When Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R) is added, it produced a strong SERS peak at 1617 cm−1. We use SERS, RRS, absorption spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and other techniques to study the catalytic reaction of PtPd nanoalloy and propose a new mechanism for the nanoalloy catalytic reactions. When the SO32−concentration in the system gradually increases, the AuNPs produced by the catalytic reaction gradually increase and the RRS/SERS peak intensity increases linearly. Based on the nanoalloy catalytic amplification strategy, a new and sensitive RRS/SERS coupled dual-mode detection method for SO32− was constructed, with linear range of 0.13–12.1 μg·L−1 and a DL of 0.02 μg·L−1.
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a sensitive sers quantitative analysis method for ni2 by the dimethylglyoxime reaction regulating a graphene oxide nanoribbon catalytic gold nanoreaction
Luminescence, 2018Co-Authors: Aihui Liang, Guiqing Wen, Xinghui Zhang, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:The nanogold reaction between HAuCl4 and trisodium citrate (TCA) proceeded very slowly at 60°C in a water bath. The as-prepared graphene oxide nanoribbons (GONRs) exhibited strong catalysis during the reaction to form gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and appeared as a strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) peak at 1616 cm-1 in the presence of the molecular probe Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R). With increase in GONR concentration, the SERS peak increased due to increased formation of Au NPs. Upon addition of dimethylglyoxime (DMG) ligand, which was adsorbed onto the GONR surface to inhibit GONR catalysis, the SERS peak decreased. When Ni2+ was added, a coordination reaction between DMG and Ni2+ took place to form stable complexes of [Ni (DMG)2 ]2+ and the release of free GONR catalyst that resulted in the SERS peak increasing linearly. A SERS quantitative analysis method for Ni2+ was therefore established, with a linear range of 0.07-2.8 μM, and a detection limit of 0.036 μM Ni2+ .
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A simple gold nanoplasmonic SERS method for trace Hg2+ based on aptamer-regulating graphene oxide catalysis.
Luminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence, 2018Co-Authors: Xiaoliang Wang, Yanghe Luo, Aihui Liang, Guiqing Wen, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:The as-prepared graphene oxide (GO) exhibited a strong catalytic effect on reduction of HAuCl4 by trisodium citrate to form gold nanoplasmons (AuNPs) with a strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect at 1615 cm-1 in the presence of molecular probe Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R). SERS intensity increased with nanocatalyst GO concentration due to the formation of more AuNP substrates. The aptamer (Apt) of Hg2+ can bind to GO to form Apt-GO complexes, which can strongly inhibit nanocatalysis. When target Hg2+ is present, the formed stable Hg2+ -Apt complexes are separated from the GO surface, which leads to GO catalysis recovery. The enhanced SERS signal was linear to Hg2+ concentration in the range 0.25-10 nmol/L, with a detection limit of 0.08 nmol/L Hg2+ . Thus, a new gold nanoplasmon molecular spectral analysis platform was established for detecting Hg2+ , based on Apt regulation of GO nanocatalysis.
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A sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering method for chondroitin sulfate with Victoria Blue 4R molecular probes in nanogold sol substrate.
Luminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence, 2017Co-Authors: Yanghe Luo, Xiaoliang Wang, Qingye Liu, Aihui Liang, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:Using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as the nanocatalyst, l-cysteine rapidly reduced HAuCl4 to make a stable gold nanoparticle sol (Ag/AuNP) that had a high surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity in the presence of Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R) molecular probes. Under the selected conditions, chondroitin sulfate (Chs) reacted with the VB4R probes to form associated complexes that caused the SERS effect to decrease to 1618 cm-1 . The decreased SERS intensity was linear to the Chs concentration in the range 3.1-500 ng/ml, with a detection limit of 1.0 ng/ml Chs. Accordingly, we established a simple and sensitive SERS quantitative analysis method to determine Chs in real samples, with a relative standard deviation of 1.47-3.16% and a recovery rate of 97.6-104.2%.
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a sensitive and selective Victoria Blue 4R sers molecular probe for sodium lauryl sulfate in aunp agcl sol substrate
Sensors and Actuators B-chemical, 2017Co-Authors: Aihui Liang, Xiaoliang Wang, Guiqing Wen, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:Abstract Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is an important pollutant, it is urgent to develop simple and sensitive method for determination of SLS in environment. In this article, a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) sol with highly active surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and good stability was prepared, based on the nanoenzyme AuNP catalysis of L - cysteine reduced HAuCl 4 . In the AuNP sol substrate containing the sensitized reagent of AgNO 3 that formed strongly SERS active substrate of AuNP/AgCl, free-label Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R) SERS molecular probes reacted with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) to form associated complexes with very weak SERS effect at 1617 cm −1 that caused the SERS intensity decreased linearly. A new SERS quantitative analysis method was established for the determination of 0.01–15 μmoL/L SLS, with a detection limit of 0.005 μmoL/L. SLS in water smples was determined, with a relative standard deviation of 1.36–8.55% and a coery of 97.4–104.1%.
Guiqing Wen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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SERS and RRS Spectral Detection of Ultratrace Sulfite Based on PtPd Nanoalloy Catalytic Amplification
Plasmonics, 2020Co-Authors: Haolin Wang, Aihui Liang, Guiqing Wen, Qiwen Liu, Chunqiang Chen, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:At temperature of 75 °C, the ethanol-HAuCl4 reaction to generate gold nanoparticles is relatively slow (AuNPs), and the noble metal nanoparticles can catalyze this nanoreaction. Sulfite can reduce PdCl2-H2PtCl6 to generate PtPd nanoalloy (PtPd) and strong catalysis to generate red AuNPs, which has a strong RRS peak at 370 nm. When Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R) is added, it produced a strong SERS peak at 1617 cm−1. We use SERS, RRS, absorption spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and other techniques to study the catalytic reaction of PtPd nanoalloy and propose a new mechanism for the nanoalloy catalytic reactions. When the SO32−concentration in the system gradually increases, the AuNPs produced by the catalytic reaction gradually increase and the RRS/SERS peak intensity increases linearly. Based on the nanoalloy catalytic amplification strategy, a new and sensitive RRS/SERS coupled dual-mode detection method for SO32− was constructed, with linear range of 0.13–12.1 μg·L−1 and a DL of 0.02 μg·L−1.
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a sensitive sers quantitative analysis method for ni2 by the dimethylglyoxime reaction regulating a graphene oxide nanoribbon catalytic gold nanoreaction
Luminescence, 2018Co-Authors: Aihui Liang, Guiqing Wen, Xinghui Zhang, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:The nanogold reaction between HAuCl4 and trisodium citrate (TCA) proceeded very slowly at 60°C in a water bath. The as-prepared graphene oxide nanoribbons (GONRs) exhibited strong catalysis during the reaction to form gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and appeared as a strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) peak at 1616 cm-1 in the presence of the molecular probe Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R). With increase in GONR concentration, the SERS peak increased due to increased formation of Au NPs. Upon addition of dimethylglyoxime (DMG) ligand, which was adsorbed onto the GONR surface to inhibit GONR catalysis, the SERS peak decreased. When Ni2+ was added, a coordination reaction between DMG and Ni2+ took place to form stable complexes of [Ni (DMG)2 ]2+ and the release of free GONR catalyst that resulted in the SERS peak increasing linearly. A SERS quantitative analysis method for Ni2+ was therefore established, with a linear range of 0.07-2.8 μM, and a detection limit of 0.036 μM Ni2+ .
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A simple gold nanoplasmonic SERS method for trace Hg2+ based on aptamer-regulating graphene oxide catalysis.
Luminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence, 2018Co-Authors: Xiaoliang Wang, Yanghe Luo, Aihui Liang, Guiqing Wen, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:The as-prepared graphene oxide (GO) exhibited a strong catalytic effect on reduction of HAuCl4 by trisodium citrate to form gold nanoplasmons (AuNPs) with a strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect at 1615 cm-1 in the presence of molecular probe Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R). SERS intensity increased with nanocatalyst GO concentration due to the formation of more AuNP substrates. The aptamer (Apt) of Hg2+ can bind to GO to form Apt-GO complexes, which can strongly inhibit nanocatalysis. When target Hg2+ is present, the formed stable Hg2+ -Apt complexes are separated from the GO surface, which leads to GO catalysis recovery. The enhanced SERS signal was linear to Hg2+ concentration in the range 0.25-10 nmol/L, with a detection limit of 0.08 nmol/L Hg2+ . Thus, a new gold nanoplasmon molecular spectral analysis platform was established for detecting Hg2+ , based on Apt regulation of GO nanocatalysis.
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a sensitive and selective Victoria Blue 4R sers molecular probe for sodium lauryl sulfate in aunp agcl sol substrate
Sensors and Actuators B-chemical, 2017Co-Authors: Aihui Liang, Xiaoliang Wang, Guiqing Wen, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:Abstract Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is an important pollutant, it is urgent to develop simple and sensitive method for determination of SLS in environment. In this article, a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) sol with highly active surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and good stability was prepared, based on the nanoenzyme AuNP catalysis of L - cysteine reduced HAuCl 4 . In the AuNP sol substrate containing the sensitized reagent of AgNO 3 that formed strongly SERS active substrate of AuNP/AgCl, free-label Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R) SERS molecular probes reacted with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) to form associated complexes with very weak SERS effect at 1617 cm −1 that caused the SERS intensity decreased linearly. A new SERS quantitative analysis method was established for the determination of 0.01–15 μmoL/L SLS, with a detection limit of 0.005 μmoL/L. SLS in water smples was determined, with a relative standard deviation of 1.36–8.55% and a coery of 97.4–104.1%.
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A sensitive and selective Victoria Blue 4R SERS molecular probe for sodium lauryl sulfate in AuNP/AgCl sol substrate
Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2017Co-Authors: Aihui Liang, Xiaoliang Wang, Guiqing Wen, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:Abstract Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is an important pollutant, it is urgent to develop simple and sensitive method for determination of SLS in environment. In this article, a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) sol with highly active surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and good stability was prepared, based on the nanoenzyme AuNP catalysis of L - cysteine reduced HAuCl 4 . In the AuNP sol substrate containing the sensitized reagent of AgNO 3 that formed strongly SERS active substrate of AuNP/AgCl, free-label Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R) SERS molecular probes reacted with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) to form associated complexes with very weak SERS effect at 1617 cm −1 that caused the SERS intensity decreased linearly. A new SERS quantitative analysis method was established for the determination of 0.01–15 μmoL/L SLS, with a detection limit of 0.005 μmoL/L. SLS in water smples was determined, with a relative standard deviation of 1.36–8.55% and a coery of 97.4–104.1%.
Xiaoliang Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A simple gold nanoplasmonic SERS method for trace Hg2+ based on aptamer-regulating graphene oxide catalysis.
Luminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence, 2018Co-Authors: Xiaoliang Wang, Yanghe Luo, Aihui Liang, Guiqing Wen, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:The as-prepared graphene oxide (GO) exhibited a strong catalytic effect on reduction of HAuCl4 by trisodium citrate to form gold nanoplasmons (AuNPs) with a strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect at 1615 cm-1 in the presence of molecular probe Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R). SERS intensity increased with nanocatalyst GO concentration due to the formation of more AuNP substrates. The aptamer (Apt) of Hg2+ can bind to GO to form Apt-GO complexes, which can strongly inhibit nanocatalysis. When target Hg2+ is present, the formed stable Hg2+ -Apt complexes are separated from the GO surface, which leads to GO catalysis recovery. The enhanced SERS signal was linear to Hg2+ concentration in the range 0.25-10 nmol/L, with a detection limit of 0.08 nmol/L Hg2+ . Thus, a new gold nanoplasmon molecular spectral analysis platform was established for detecting Hg2+ , based on Apt regulation of GO nanocatalysis.
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A sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering method for chondroitin sulfate with Victoria Blue 4R molecular probes in nanogold sol substrate.
Luminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence, 2017Co-Authors: Yanghe Luo, Xiaoliang Wang, Qingye Liu, Aihui Liang, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:Using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as the nanocatalyst, l-cysteine rapidly reduced HAuCl4 to make a stable gold nanoparticle sol (Ag/AuNP) that had a high surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity in the presence of Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R) molecular probes. Under the selected conditions, chondroitin sulfate (Chs) reacted with the VB4R probes to form associated complexes that caused the SERS effect to decrease to 1618 cm-1 . The decreased SERS intensity was linear to the Chs concentration in the range 3.1-500 ng/ml, with a detection limit of 1.0 ng/ml Chs. Accordingly, we established a simple and sensitive SERS quantitative analysis method to determine Chs in real samples, with a relative standard deviation of 1.47-3.16% and a recovery rate of 97.6-104.2%.
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a sensitive and selective Victoria Blue 4R sers molecular probe for sodium lauryl sulfate in aunp agcl sol substrate
Sensors and Actuators B-chemical, 2017Co-Authors: Aihui Liang, Xiaoliang Wang, Guiqing Wen, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:Abstract Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is an important pollutant, it is urgent to develop simple and sensitive method for determination of SLS in environment. In this article, a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) sol with highly active surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and good stability was prepared, based on the nanoenzyme AuNP catalysis of L - cysteine reduced HAuCl 4 . In the AuNP sol substrate containing the sensitized reagent of AgNO 3 that formed strongly SERS active substrate of AuNP/AgCl, free-label Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R) SERS molecular probes reacted with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) to form associated complexes with very weak SERS effect at 1617 cm −1 that caused the SERS intensity decreased linearly. A new SERS quantitative analysis method was established for the determination of 0.01–15 μmoL/L SLS, with a detection limit of 0.005 μmoL/L. SLS in water smples was determined, with a relative standard deviation of 1.36–8.55% and a coery of 97.4–104.1%.
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A sensitive and selective Victoria Blue 4R SERS molecular probe for sodium lauryl sulfate in AuNP/AgCl sol substrate
Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2017Co-Authors: Aihui Liang, Xiaoliang Wang, Guiqing Wen, Zhiliang JiangAbstract:Abstract Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is an important pollutant, it is urgent to develop simple and sensitive method for determination of SLS in environment. In this article, a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) sol with highly active surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and good stability was prepared, based on the nanoenzyme AuNP catalysis of L - cysteine reduced HAuCl 4 . In the AuNP sol substrate containing the sensitized reagent of AgNO 3 that formed strongly SERS active substrate of AuNP/AgCl, free-label Victoria Blue 4R (VB4R) SERS molecular probes reacted with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) to form associated complexes with very weak SERS effect at 1617 cm −1 that caused the SERS intensity decreased linearly. A new SERS quantitative analysis method was established for the determination of 0.01–15 μmoL/L SLS, with a detection limit of 0.005 μmoL/L. SLS in water smples was determined, with a relative standard deviation of 1.36–8.55% and a coery of 97.4–104.1%.
Alireza Banazadeh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Catalytic determination of traces of oxalic acid in vegetables and water samples using a novel optode
Food Chemistry, 2007Co-Authors: Afsaneh Safavi, Alireza BanazadehAbstract:Abstract A new optode has been introduced for determination of oxalic acid. The optode sensing reagent is Victoria Blue 4R which is immobilized on triacetylcellulose membrane. This reagent could be oxidized by dichromate in acidic media resulting in decoloration of the membrane. Oxalic acid has a strong catalytic effect on this reaction. The difference in absorbance of the immobilized form of Victoria Blue 4R at 615 nm between uncatalyzed and catalyzed reactions (Δ A ) is directly proportional to the concentration of oxalic acid. Oxalic acid can be determined in the concentration range of 2–180 μg ml −1 . The effect of different possible interfering species has been examined and was shown that the optode has a very good selectivity. The optode has been applied for the determination of oxalic acid in different real samples such as spinach, beet root, mushroom and river water with excellent recoveries.
