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Robert A Jacobs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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experience dependent Visual Cue recalibration based on discrepancies between Visual and haptic percepts
Vision Research, 2003Co-Authors: Joseph E Atkins, Robert A Jacobs, David C KnillAbstract:Abstract We studied the hypothesis that observers can recalibrate their Visual percepts when Visual and haptic (touch) Cues are discordant and the haptic information is judged to be reliable. Using a novel visuo-haptic virtual reality environment, we conducted a set of experiments in which subjects interacted with scenes consisting of two fronto-parallel surfaces. Subjects judged the distance between the two surfaces based on two perceptual Cues: a Visual stereo Cue obtained when viewing the scene binocularly and a haptic Cue obtained when subjects grasped the two surfaces between their thumb and index fingers. Visual and haptic Cues regarding the scene were manipulated independently so that they could either be consistent or inconsistent. Experiment 1 explored the effect of visuo-haptic inconsistencies on depth-from-stereo estimates. Our findings suggest that when stereo and haptic Cues are inconsistent, subjects recalibrate their interpretations of the Visual stereo Cue so that depth-from-stereo percepts are in greater agreement with depth-from-haptic percepts. In Experiment 2 the visuo-haptic discrepancy took a different form when the two surfaces were near the subject than when they were far from the subject. The results indicate that subjects recalibrated their interpretations of the stereo Cue in a context-sensitive manner that depended on viewing distance, thereby making them more consistent with depth-from-haptic estimates at all viewing distances. Together these findings suggest that observers’ Visual and haptic percepts are tightly coupled in the sense that haptic percepts provide a standard to which Visual percepts can be recalibrated when the Visual percepts are deemed to be erroneous.
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what determines Visual Cue reliability
Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2002Co-Authors: Robert A JacobsAbstract:Visual environments contain many Cues to properties of an observed scene. To integrate information provided by multiple Cues in an efficient manner, observers must assess the degree to which each Cue provides reliable versus unreliable information. Two hypotheses are reviewed regarding how observers estimate Cue reliabilities, namely that the estimated reliability of a Cue is related to the ambiguity of the Cue, and that people use correlations among Cues to estimate Cue reliabilities. Cue reliabilities are shown to be important both for Cue combination and for aspects of Visual learning.
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experience dependent Visual Cue integration based on consistencies between Visual and haptic percepts
Vision Research, 2001Co-Authors: Joseph E Atkins, Jozsef Fiser, Robert A JacobsAbstract:Abstract We study the hypothesis that observers can use haptic percepts as a standard against which the relative reliabilities of Visual Cues can be judged, and that these reliabilities determine how observers combine depth information provided by these Cues. Using a novel visuo-haptic virtual reality environment, subjects viewed and grasped virtual objects. In Experiment 1, subjects were trained under motion relevant conditions, during which haptic and Visual motion Cues were consistent whereas haptic and Visual texture Cues were uncorrelated, and texture relevant conditions, during which haptic and texture Cues were consistent whereas haptic and motion Cues were uncorrelated. Subjects relied more on the motion Cue after motion relevant training than after texture relevant training, and more on the texture Cue after texture relevant training than after motion relevant training. Experiment 2 studied whether or not subjects could adapt their Visual Cue combination strategies in a context-dependent manner based on context-dependent consistencies between haptic and Visual Cues. Subjects successfully learned two Cue combination strategies in parallel, and correctly applied each strategy in its appropriate context. Experiment 3, which was similar to Experiment 1 except that it used a more naturalistic experimental task, yielded the same pattern of results as Experiment 1 indicating that the findings do not depend on the precise nature of the experimental task. Overall, the results suggest that observers can involuntarily compare Visual and haptic percepts in order to evaluate the relative reliabilities of Visual Cues, and that these reliabilities determine how Cues are combined during three-dimensional Visual perception.
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fast temporal dynamics of Visual Cue integration
Perception, 2000Co-Authors: Jochen Triesch, Dana H Ballard, Robert A JacobsAbstract:We study the dynamics of Visual Cue integration in a tracking / identification task, where subjects track a target object among distractors and identify the target after an occlusion. Objects are defined by three different attributes (color, shape, size) which change randomly within a singe trial. When the attributes differ in their reliability (two change frequently, one is stable) our results show that subjects rapidly re-weight the different Cues, putting more emphasis on the stable Cue. The re-weighting takes place in less than one second. Our results suggest that Cue integration can exhibit adaptive phenomena on a very fast time scale. We propose a probabilistic model with temporal dynamics that accounts for the observed effect.
Jinglong Wu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Visual temporal cuing effect on the tactile attention: An fMRI study
2012 ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering (CME), 2012Co-Authors: Qiong Wu, Chunlin Li, Jinglong WuAbstract:Visual orienting attention is well researched by using a Visual Cue. The tactile spatial attention and the tactile-Visual spatial attention have been compared by the brain-imaging data. But the tactile temporal orienting of attention is little be researched or no have any researched. In our study, We used a top-down attention paradigm in which a Visual Cue directs the attention of participants to tactile target stimulus in TT (tactile temporal) task and TN (tactile neural) attention task. In the task, the attention was manipulated to tactile temporal information(Cue-target interval is short or long) by a Visual Cue, and the tactile target stimulus was told to be. Neutral task was gave no information about spatial location. Subjects were also scanned during a resting baseline condition in which subjects clicked the reaction key ten times. The reaction time for spatial location attention is faster than that without a tactile stimulus. Behavioral results of reaction time no have any significant difference between tactile temporal task and tactile neutral task. We thought that the Visual information may be affecting the tactile temporal attention neural network. Brain-imaging data showed that IPL (inferior parietal lobe) and ACC (anterior cingulate cortex) were activated in the Visual spatial attention task and the activation was enhanced during the task with the tactile stimulus.
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Inhibition of tactile information on Visual spatial attention: An fMRI study
2012 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, 2012Co-Authors: Qiong Wu, Chunlin Li, Jinglong WuAbstract:Visual orienting attention is well researched by using a Visual Cue. But in the tactile orienting of the Visual, Due to technical reasons, the explanations of the tactile information effect of Visual attention is no clear, and just have few research to devoted to this part. Visual Cue in the top-down attention mechanism was investigated that it could effectively improve the target cognition reaction quality. Recent brain studies showed that the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC) played an important role to keep the task-relevant information and task rule during tasks. In our study, We used a top-down attention paradigm in which a Visual Cue directs the attention of participants to both Visual and tactile target stimulus in a spatial (attention was directed to unilateral target distinctly) in Visual spatial attention task and tactile-Visual spatial attention task. And the attention was manipulated to Visual spatial orienting by a Visual Cue, tactile target stimulus was told to be ignored. Subjects were also scanned during a resting baseline condition in which subjects clicked the reaction key ten times. The reaction time for spatial location attention is faster than that with the tactile stimulus. Behavioral results of reaction time no have any significant difference between the two tasks. But the RTs of the VS task is faster than VtS task. So we thought that the tactile information may affecting the Visual spatial attention neural network. Brain-imaging data showed that IPL (inferior parietal lobe) and MFG (middle frontal gyrus) were activated in the Visual spatial attention task and the activation was enhanced during the task with the tactile stimulus.
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Effect of Visual spatial information on tactile spatial attention: An fMRI study
The 2011 IEEE ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: Qiong Wu, Chunlin Li, Jinglong WuAbstract:Visual orienting attention is well researched by using a Visual Cue. The tactile spatial attention and the tactile Visual spatial attention have been compared by the brain imaging data. In our study, We used a top-down attention paradigm in which a Visual Cue directed the attention of participants to both Visual and tactile target stimulus in a spatial (attention was directed to unilateral target distinctly) in TS (tactile spatial) task and TvS (tactile-Visual spatial) attention task. During the tasks, the attention was manipulated to tactile spatial by a Visual Cue, and the Visual stimulus was told to be ignored. Neutral Cue gave no information about spatial location. Subjects were also scanned during a controlled baseline condition in which subjects clicked the reaction key ten times. The reaction time obtained during tactile spatial attention task with a synchronous Visual target is faster than that without a synchronous Visual target. Behavioral results of reaction times have a significant difference between tactile spatial attention and tactile-Visual spatial attention. Thus, we considered that the Visual information is affecting the tactile spatial attention neural network. Brain imaging data showed that IPL (inferior parietal lobe) and ACC (anterior cingulate cortex) were activated in the tactile spatial attention task and the activations were enhanced during the task with the synchronous Visual target.
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The contribution of IPL(BA7/39) and ACC(BA24/33) in Visual spatial voluntary attention
2009 ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering, 2009Co-Authors: Chunlin Li, Jinglong Wu, Dehua ChuiAbstract:Visual orienting attention is well researched by using a Visual Cue. The spatial attention and the temporal attention have been compared by the brain-imaging data [Coull, J. T., Nobre, A. C. Where and When to pay attention: the neural systems for directing attention to spatial locations and to time intervals as revealed by both PET and fMRI. Journal of Neuroscience, 1998, 18, 7426-7435]. We developed to compare Visual spatial orienting attention and Visual temporal orienting attention by using a Visual Cue. We designed a control task in which subjects had to click the response key the same times consistant with spatial task and temporal task. As a result, the brain activations by clicking response key were removed in the result. We measured brain activity in eighteen healthy volunteers by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In the task, the attention was manipulated to spatial and temporal by a Visual Cue. A neutral task also performed in which a neutral Cue was used. Symbolic central Cues oriented subjects toward spatial location only (left or right), toward temporal intervals only (300 msec or 1500 msec), or gave no information about spatial location and temporal intervals. Subjects also scanned during a resting baseline condition in which subjects clicked the reaction key ten times. The reaction time for spatial location attention is speedy than that for temporal interval attention. Brain-imaging data showed that IPL(inferior parietal lobe) and ACC(anterior cingulated cortex) were activated in the Visual spatial attention task. Frontal cortex (BA9) activated in the Visual temporal attention task.
Carol A Barnes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a novel apparatus for assessing Visual Cue based navigation in rodents
Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 2020Co-Authors: Adam W Lester, Adele J Kapellusch, Carol A BarnesAbstract:Abstract Background Our understanding of the neural systems that subserve navigation and spatial processing can be greatly improved through access to experimental approaches that allow for precise spatial and temporal control of the sensory information that inform these systems. Furthermore, paradigms that incorporate concurrent behavioral metrics of navigation performance in the presence of experimental manipulations provide an additional dimension in which to understand neurobiological findings. New method We investigate the use of a novel behavioral apparatus, the Instantaneous Cue Rotation (ICR) arena, which utilizes an augmented reality system to allow for rapid remote control of all symmetry breaking Visual Cues in the environment as rats perform a real-world Visual Cue-based navigation task. Results We present behavioral data collected using two different reward delivery systems (fixed or mobile). Rats’ behavior was assessed with respect to the degree and timing with which their navigation strategies changed in response to an instantaneous rotation of all orienting Visual Cues in the arena. We show that rats were able to utilize projected Visual Cues to navigate to a Cue-aligned goal both before and after the Cues were rotated, and that the mobile feeder version was optimal. Comparison with existing methods In contrast to commonly used existing approaches for investigating environmental Cues in spatial processing, the ICR does not require interrupting ongoing navigation behavior or rely on virtual reality systems that limit self-motion feedback. Conclusions The ICR is an effective new method for dissociating the role of self-motion and environmental Cues in navigation.
Raymond P Kesner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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role of the dorsomedial striatum in behavioral flexibility for response and Visual Cue discrimination learning
Behavioral Neuroscience, 2002Co-Authors: Michael E Ragozzino, Katharine E Ragozzino, Sheri J Y Mizumori, Raymond P KesnerAbstract:These experiments examined the effects of dorsomedial striatal inactivation on the acquisition of a response and Visual Cue discrimination task, as well as a shift from a response to a Visual Cue discrimination, and vice versa. In Experiment 1, rats were tested on the response discrimination task followed by the Visual Cue discrimination task. In Experiment 2, the testing order was reversed. Infusions of 2% tetracaine did not impair acquisition of the response or Visual Cue discrimination but impaired performance when shifting from a response to a Visual Cue discrimination, and vice versa. Analysis of the errors revealed that the deficit was not due to perseveration of the previously learned strategy, but to an inability to maintain the new strategy. These results contrast with findings indicating that prelimbic inactivation impairs behavioral flexibility due to perseveration of a previously learned strategy. Thus, specific circuits in the prefrontal cortex and striatum may interact to enable behavioral flexibility, but each region may contribute to distinct processes that facilitate strategy switching.
Qiong Wu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Visual temporal cuing effect on the tactile attention: An fMRI study
2012 ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering (CME), 2012Co-Authors: Qiong Wu, Chunlin Li, Jinglong WuAbstract:Visual orienting attention is well researched by using a Visual Cue. The tactile spatial attention and the tactile-Visual spatial attention have been compared by the brain-imaging data. But the tactile temporal orienting of attention is little be researched or no have any researched. In our study, We used a top-down attention paradigm in which a Visual Cue directs the attention of participants to tactile target stimulus in TT (tactile temporal) task and TN (tactile neural) attention task. In the task, the attention was manipulated to tactile temporal information(Cue-target interval is short or long) by a Visual Cue, and the tactile target stimulus was told to be. Neutral task was gave no information about spatial location. Subjects were also scanned during a resting baseline condition in which subjects clicked the reaction key ten times. The reaction time for spatial location attention is faster than that without a tactile stimulus. Behavioral results of reaction time no have any significant difference between tactile temporal task and tactile neutral task. We thought that the Visual information may be affecting the tactile temporal attention neural network. Brain-imaging data showed that IPL (inferior parietal lobe) and ACC (anterior cingulate cortex) were activated in the Visual spatial attention task and the activation was enhanced during the task with the tactile stimulus.
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Inhibition of tactile information on Visual spatial attention: An fMRI study
2012 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, 2012Co-Authors: Qiong Wu, Chunlin Li, Jinglong WuAbstract:Visual orienting attention is well researched by using a Visual Cue. But in the tactile orienting of the Visual, Due to technical reasons, the explanations of the tactile information effect of Visual attention is no clear, and just have few research to devoted to this part. Visual Cue in the top-down attention mechanism was investigated that it could effectively improve the target cognition reaction quality. Recent brain studies showed that the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC) played an important role to keep the task-relevant information and task rule during tasks. In our study, We used a top-down attention paradigm in which a Visual Cue directs the attention of participants to both Visual and tactile target stimulus in a spatial (attention was directed to unilateral target distinctly) in Visual spatial attention task and tactile-Visual spatial attention task. And the attention was manipulated to Visual spatial orienting by a Visual Cue, tactile target stimulus was told to be ignored. Subjects were also scanned during a resting baseline condition in which subjects clicked the reaction key ten times. The reaction time for spatial location attention is faster than that with the tactile stimulus. Behavioral results of reaction time no have any significant difference between the two tasks. But the RTs of the VS task is faster than VtS task. So we thought that the tactile information may affecting the Visual spatial attention neural network. Brain-imaging data showed that IPL (inferior parietal lobe) and MFG (middle frontal gyrus) were activated in the Visual spatial attention task and the activation was enhanced during the task with the tactile stimulus.
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Effect of Visual spatial information on tactile spatial attention: An fMRI study
The 2011 IEEE ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: Qiong Wu, Chunlin Li, Jinglong WuAbstract:Visual orienting attention is well researched by using a Visual Cue. The tactile spatial attention and the tactile Visual spatial attention have been compared by the brain imaging data. In our study, We used a top-down attention paradigm in which a Visual Cue directed the attention of participants to both Visual and tactile target stimulus in a spatial (attention was directed to unilateral target distinctly) in TS (tactile spatial) task and TvS (tactile-Visual spatial) attention task. During the tasks, the attention was manipulated to tactile spatial by a Visual Cue, and the Visual stimulus was told to be ignored. Neutral Cue gave no information about spatial location. Subjects were also scanned during a controlled baseline condition in which subjects clicked the reaction key ten times. The reaction time obtained during tactile spatial attention task with a synchronous Visual target is faster than that without a synchronous Visual target. Behavioral results of reaction times have a significant difference between tactile spatial attention and tactile-Visual spatial attention. Thus, we considered that the Visual information is affecting the tactile spatial attention neural network. Brain imaging data showed that IPL (inferior parietal lobe) and ACC (anterior cingulate cortex) were activated in the tactile spatial attention task and the activations were enhanced during the task with the synchronous Visual target.
