The Experts below are selected from a list of 42 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Sálvano Briceño - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Looking Back and Beyond Sendai: 25 Years of International Policy Experience on Disaster Risk Reduction
International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2015Co-Authors: Sálvano BriceñoAbstract:The evolution in knowledge and application of disaster risk reduction in the 25 years of global cooperation on this issue has been uneven. While advances in knowledge have improved our understanding of the full nature of risk—the combination of hazards meeting Vulnerability—the application of such knowledge has not been conducive to the development of institutional and technical mechanisms to address the full range of risk elements. Governance of risk (policies, legislation, and organizational arrangements) still focuses largely on preparing to respond to the hazards and planning for recovery. This leaves largely unattended the Vulnerability Component of risk, which is the only Component on which change can be effected. Governance arrangements, risk assessments, early warning systems, and other institutional and technical capacities still concentrate on natural hazards and this is the main change that remains to be substantively addressed.
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looking back and beyond sendai 25 years of international policy experience on disaster risk reduction
International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 2015Co-Authors: Sálvano BriceñoAbstract:The evolution in knowledge and application of disaster risk reduction in the 25 years of global cooperation on this issue has been uneven. While advances in knowledge have improved our understanding of the full nature of risk—the combination of hazards meeting Vulnerability—the application of such knowledge has not been conducive to the development of institutional and technical mechanisms to address the full range of risk elements. Governance of risk (policies, legislation, and organizational arrangements) still focuses largely on preparing to respond to the hazards and planning for recovery. This leaves largely unattended the Vulnerability Component of risk, which is the only Component on which change can be effected. Governance arrangements, risk assessments, early warning systems, and other institutional and technical capacities still concentrate on natural hazards and this is the main change that remains to be substantively addressed.
Ozer Pierre - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Perceptions of and responses to coastal erosion risks: The case of Cotonou in Benin
'Elsevier BV', 2020Co-Authors: De Longueville Florence, Hountondji Yvon, Assogba, Liliane Philippine, Henry Sabine, Ozer PierreAbstract:peer reviewedaudience: researcher, professionalIntensive erosion has affected the coastal zone of Cotonou for several decades. An analysis of satellite images showed an average coastline retreat of 115 m in the study area over the period 2002–2013 with several hundred houses destroyed. Since 2014, a stabilisation of the coastline is observed. This study aimed at identifying the atrisk population and at analysing the perceptions of people who experience and those who manage coastal erosion risk, as well as the responses adopted. Based on four criteria and their hierarchy, we identified five profiles of inhabitants in this risk zone. (1) Wealthy people who leave the zone when they are affected or (2) fall into the category of people in danger in case they cannot migrate. (3) Fishermen who deliberately stay near the sea. (4) The most precarious people, trapped in the risk zone. Finally, (5) poor newcomers who continually increase the at-risk population. With the recent stabilisation of the coastline, the national authorities manage the “hazard” Component of the risk. However, the majority of the population is not serene. The anthropogenic stress linked to evictions gradually replaced the stress to be engulfed by the sea. We conclude that the “Vulnerability” Component of the risk is not yet resolved. All categories of the population in this sensitive area need to be secured. Cooperation among multiple levels of governance, the application of land use planning regulations and of the Kampala Convention and the involvement of local communities are all measures which will enable to meet this objective
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Perceptions of and responses to coastal erosion risks: The case of Cotonou in Benin
2020Co-Authors: De Longueville Florence, Hountondji Yvon, Assogba, Liliane Philippine, Henry Sabine, Ozer PierreAbstract:Intensive erosion has affected the coastal zone of Cotonou for several decades. An analysis of satellite images showed an average coastline retreat of 115 m in the study area over the period 2002–2013 with several hundred houses destroyed. Since 2014, a stabilisation of the coastline is observed. This study aimed at identifying the atrisk population and at analysing the perceptions of people who experience and those who manage coastal erosion risk, as well as the responses adopted. Based on four criteria and their hierarchy, we identified five profiles of inhabitants in this risk zone. (1) Wealthy people who leave the zone when they are affected or (2) fall into the category of people in danger in case they cannot migrate. (3) Fishermen who deliberately stay near the sea. (4) The most precarious people, trapped in the risk zone. Finally, (5) poor newcomers who continually increase the at-risk population. With the recent stabilisation of the coastline, the national authorities manage the “hazard” Component of the risk. However, the majority of the population is not serene. The anthropogenic stress linked to evictions gradually replaced the stress to be engulfed by the sea. We conclude that the “Vulnerability” Component of the risk is not yet resolved. All categories of the population in this sensitive area need to be secured. Cooperation among multiple levels of governance, the application of land use planning regulations and of the Kampala Convention and the involvement of local communities are all measures which will enable to meet this objective.Peer reviewe
F. Savi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Risk assessment in avalanche-prone areas
Annals of Glaciology, 2004Co-Authors: M. Barbolini, F. Cappabianca, F. SaviAbstract:AbstractThis paper addresses the problem of defining a proper method for formal risk analysis in avalanche-prone areas. In this study, risk is defined as the annual probability of being killed by an avalanche for someone living or working permanently in a building under a hazardous hillside. A new methodology to estimate the hazard Component of avalanche risk based on the use of dynamic models is introduced. This approach seems to have some advantages over the current methods based on statistical analysis of historic avalanche data. The Vulnerability Component of risk is formulated as a function of avalanche velocity, according to previous formulations. However, given the lack of knowledge on how avalanche impact damages structures and causes fatalities, the effect on the resulting risk mapping of using different Vulnerability relations is explored. The potential of the proposed approach for evaluating the residual risk after the implementation of defensive structural work is discussed.
M. Barbolini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Risk assessment in avalanche-prone areas
Annals of Glaciology, 2004Co-Authors: M. Barbolini, F. Cappabianca, F. SaviAbstract:AbstractThis paper addresses the problem of defining a proper method for formal risk analysis in avalanche-prone areas. In this study, risk is defined as the annual probability of being killed by an avalanche for someone living or working permanently in a building under a hazardous hillside. A new methodology to estimate the hazard Component of avalanche risk based on the use of dynamic models is introduced. This approach seems to have some advantages over the current methods based on statistical analysis of historic avalanche data. The Vulnerability Component of risk is formulated as a function of avalanche velocity, according to previous formulations. However, given the lack of knowledge on how avalanche impact damages structures and causes fatalities, the effect on the resulting risk mapping of using different Vulnerability relations is explored. The potential of the proposed approach for evaluating the residual risk after the implementation of defensive structural work is discussed.
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snow avalanche impact pressure Vulnerability relations for use in risk assessment
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2001Co-Authors: C J Keylock, M. BarboliniAbstract:Use of formal risk analysis to assess avalanche danger is currently limited by a lack of knowledge of how avalanche impact pressures damage structures and cause fatalities. That is, the Vulnerability Component of risk is poorly specified. In this paper we outline a method for deriving Vulnerability values as a function of position downslope for a range of avalanche sizes. The method is based on the weighted average of Vulnerability and uses an avalanche- dynamics model embedded within a statistical framework. The models seem to behave in a consistent manner. By al- lowing avalanche size and stopping position to vary and calculating Vulnerability as a function of distance from the stopping position, Vulnerability values are less approximate than the assumption of a constant Vulnerability value for each individual size. When the assumptions underlying the impact pressure - Vulnerability relation are perturbed, the results seem to be robust. The method outlined here should provide a way for avalanche experts to reformulate danger zones based on return period and impact pressure so that they are set within a risk framework.
De Longueville Florence - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Perceptions of and responses to coastal erosion risks: The case of Cotonou in Benin
'Elsevier BV', 2020Co-Authors: De Longueville Florence, Hountondji Yvon, Assogba, Liliane Philippine, Henry Sabine, Ozer PierreAbstract:peer reviewedaudience: researcher, professionalIntensive erosion has affected the coastal zone of Cotonou for several decades. An analysis of satellite images showed an average coastline retreat of 115 m in the study area over the period 2002–2013 with several hundred houses destroyed. Since 2014, a stabilisation of the coastline is observed. This study aimed at identifying the atrisk population and at analysing the perceptions of people who experience and those who manage coastal erosion risk, as well as the responses adopted. Based on four criteria and their hierarchy, we identified five profiles of inhabitants in this risk zone. (1) Wealthy people who leave the zone when they are affected or (2) fall into the category of people in danger in case they cannot migrate. (3) Fishermen who deliberately stay near the sea. (4) The most precarious people, trapped in the risk zone. Finally, (5) poor newcomers who continually increase the at-risk population. With the recent stabilisation of the coastline, the national authorities manage the “hazard” Component of the risk. However, the majority of the population is not serene. The anthropogenic stress linked to evictions gradually replaced the stress to be engulfed by the sea. We conclude that the “Vulnerability” Component of the risk is not yet resolved. All categories of the population in this sensitive area need to be secured. Cooperation among multiple levels of governance, the application of land use planning regulations and of the Kampala Convention and the involvement of local communities are all measures which will enable to meet this objective
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Perceptions of and responses to coastal erosion risks: The case of Cotonou in Benin
2020Co-Authors: De Longueville Florence, Hountondji Yvon, Assogba, Liliane Philippine, Henry Sabine, Ozer PierreAbstract:Intensive erosion has affected the coastal zone of Cotonou for several decades. An analysis of satellite images showed an average coastline retreat of 115 m in the study area over the period 2002–2013 with several hundred houses destroyed. Since 2014, a stabilisation of the coastline is observed. This study aimed at identifying the atrisk population and at analysing the perceptions of people who experience and those who manage coastal erosion risk, as well as the responses adopted. Based on four criteria and their hierarchy, we identified five profiles of inhabitants in this risk zone. (1) Wealthy people who leave the zone when they are affected or (2) fall into the category of people in danger in case they cannot migrate. (3) Fishermen who deliberately stay near the sea. (4) The most precarious people, trapped in the risk zone. Finally, (5) poor newcomers who continually increase the at-risk population. With the recent stabilisation of the coastline, the national authorities manage the “hazard” Component of the risk. However, the majority of the population is not serene. The anthropogenic stress linked to evictions gradually replaced the stress to be engulfed by the sea. We conclude that the “Vulnerability” Component of the risk is not yet resolved. All categories of the population in this sensitive area need to be secured. Cooperation among multiple levels of governance, the application of land use planning regulations and of the Kampala Convention and the involvement of local communities are all measures which will enable to meet this objective.Peer reviewe
