The Experts below are selected from a list of 129879 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jeanne M Vanbriesen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
booster disinfection for response to contamination in a drinking Water Distribution System
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2009Co-Authors: Shannon Isovitsch L Parks, Jeanne M VanbriesenAbstract:Booster disinfection has been shown to be an effective means of maintaining more stable chlorine residuals in a Water Distribution System. It has been suggested that booster disinfection could also be a viable means of protecting a population against contamination. We simulated random contamination events in a model Water Distribution System with an optimized sensor network. A disinfection boost was simulated to begin the instant the contamination reached a sensor, and a range of decay coefficients were applied to the contaminant to simulate reaction with the disinfectant. Cumulative Distribution curves of the volume of consumed contaminated Water for various response levels were prepared to analyze how each response affected the vulnerability of the System. This analysis illustrated that a boost-response System could be effective in significantly reducing the volume of consumed contaminated Water, but only in very specific circumstances. Most importantly, the booster must be located at a node with high r...
-
vulnerability assessment of a drinking Water Distribution System implications for public Water utilities
World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2007: Restoring Our Natural Habitat, 2007Co-Authors: Stacia L Thompson, Elizabeth A Casman, Paul S Fischbeck, Mitchell J Small, Jeanne M VanbriesenAbstract:A Water Distribution System simulation model, EPANET, is used to predict chlorine residual profiles for a representative Water Distribution System. The analysis focuses on the identification of vulnerable areas where chlorine residual concentration is low. Vulnerability is defined as the probability that the disinfectant residual will be below the required threshold at any location or time during an EPANET simulation. Uncertainty analysis is conducted to examine the influence of key inputs to the EPANET model, including the bulk flow decay constant, pipe wall decay constant, Water demand, and roughness coefficient. The roughness coefficient is indicated to have negligible impact on the predicted results, compared to the other uncertain variables. Methods for computing and mapping the System vulnerability, given the uncertainty in the EPANET model inputs, are demonstrated. The results suggest that public utilities can use this method to determine highly vulnerable System locations and locations with low vulnerability (i.e. high chlorine residual), which may be ideal for sensor placement.
Kelly Brumbelow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
probabilistic analysis and optimization to characterize critical Water Distribution System contamination scenarios
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2013Co-Authors: Amin Rasekh, Kelly BrumbelowAbstract:AbstractCharacterization of critical Water Distribution System (WDS) contamination scenarios—defined by a set of attributes, a probability of occurrence, and a specific level of consequences—is a prerequisite for preparation of reliable and cost-effective mitigation, preparedness, and emergency response plans. This study develops Monte Carlo and risk-based optimization schemes to evaluate contamination risk of WDSs for generation of this important class of scenarios, which are representative of the most vulnerable aspects of the System. Defining attributes of contamination scenarios are identified as contaminant type and amount, contamination location, start time, duration, and time of year scenario occurs. Well-documented Waterborne outbreaks reported in developed nations are analyzed to empirically estimate statistical characteristics of defining attributes in accidental events. Monte Carlo simulation is conducted to determine the probability Distribution of public-health consequences, aggregate conditi...
-
statistical models for the analysis of Water Distribution System pipe break data
Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 2009Co-Authors: Shridhar Yamijala, Seth D Guikema, Kelly BrumbelowAbstract:The deterioration of pipes leading to pipe breaks and leaks in urban Water Distribution Systems is of concern to Water utilities throughout the world. Pipe breaks and leaks may result in reduction in the Water-carrying capacity of the pipes and contamination of Water in the Distribution Systems. Water utilities incur large expenses in the replacement and rehabilitation of Water mains, making it critical to evaluate the current and future condition of the System for maintenance decision-making. This paper compares different statistical regression models proposed in the literature for estimating the reliability of pipes in a Water Distribution System on the basis of short time histories. The goals of these models are to estimate the likelihood of pipe breaks in the future and determine the parameters that most affect the likelihood of pipe breaks. The data set used for the analysis comes from a major US city, and these data include approximately 85,000 pipe segments with nearly 2500 breaks from 2000 through 2005. The results show that the set of statistical models previously proposed for this problem do not provide good estimates with the test data set. However, logistic generalized linear models do provide good estimates of pipe reliability and can be useful for Water utilities in planning pipe inspection and maintenance.
Kevin E Lansey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Water Distribution System burst detection using a nonlinear kalman filter
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2015Co-Authors: Donghwi Jung, Kevin E LanseyAbstract:AbstractA Water Distribution System burst from a sudden pipe failure results in Water loss and disruption of customer service. Artificial neural networks, state estimation, and statistical process control (SPC) have been applied to detect bursts. However, System operational condition changes such as the set of operating pumps and valve closures greatly complicates the detection problem. Thus, to date applications have been limited to networks that are supplied by gravity or under consistent operation conditions. This study seeks to overcome these limitations using a nonlinear Kalman filter (NKF) method to identify System condition, estimate System state, and detect bursts.
-
revisiting optimal Water Distribution System design issues and a heuristic hierarchical approach
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2012Co-Authors: Doosun Kang, Kevin E LanseyAbstract:AbstractFor the past three decades, a number of studies have been dedicated to Water-Distribution System (WDS) optimal design using alternative optimization algorithms. Many of those, however, focused on the introduction and application of new optimization techniques. Application Systems optimized in previous studies are generally limited to simple transmission networks, so-called benchmark Systems, in which local Distribution lines were mostly excluded. Efforts seeking logical approaches to solve complex problems with large number of decisions are lacking. In this paper, logical and efficient approaches that could be utilized to optimize real-life scale WDS by the aid of existing optimization techniques are presented. This study aimed two main objectives: first, the effect of local Distribution lines in final System design is investigated, and second, a heuristic to improve the efficiency of meta-heuristic search methods is proposed. Applications to real WDS demonstrate that (1) by integrating the transm...
Shannon Isovitsch L Parks - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
booster disinfection for response to contamination in a drinking Water Distribution System
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2009Co-Authors: Shannon Isovitsch L Parks, Jeanne M VanbriesenAbstract:Booster disinfection has been shown to be an effective means of maintaining more stable chlorine residuals in a Water Distribution System. It has been suggested that booster disinfection could also be a viable means of protecting a population against contamination. We simulated random contamination events in a model Water Distribution System with an optimized sensor network. A disinfection boost was simulated to begin the instant the contamination reached a sensor, and a range of decay coefficients were applied to the contaminant to simulate reaction with the disinfectant. Cumulative Distribution curves of the volume of consumed contaminated Water for various response levels were prepared to analyze how each response affected the vulnerability of the System. This analysis illustrated that a boost-response System could be effective in significantly reducing the volume of consumed contaminated Water, but only in very specific circumstances. Most importantly, the booster must be located at a node with high r...
Aditya Gupta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Nodal Matrix Analysis for Optimal Pressure-Reducing Valve Localization in a Water Distribution System
Energies, 2020Co-Authors: Aditya Gupta, Neeraj Dhanraj Bokde, Kishore Kulat, Zaher Mundher YaseenAbstract:The use of pressure-reducing valves is an efficient pressure management technique for leakage reduction in a Water Distribution System. It is recommended to place an optimized number and location of pressure-reducing valves in the Water Distribution System for better sustainability and management. A modified reference pressure algorithm is adopted from the literature for identifying the optimized localization of valves using a simplified algorithm. The modified reference pressure algorithm fails to identify the optimal valve localization in a large-scale Water pipeline network. Nodal matrix analysis is proposed for further improvement of the modified reference pressure algorithm. The proposed algorithm provides the preferred pipeline for valve location among all the pressure-reducing valve candidate locations obtained from the modified reference algorithm in complex pipeline networks. The proposed algorithm is utilized for pressure management in a real Water network located in Piracicaba, Brazil, called Campos do Conde II. It identifies four pipeline locations as optimal valve candidate locations, compared to 22 locations obtained from the modified reference pressure algorithm. Thus, the presented technique led to a better optimal localization of valves, which contributes to better network optimization, sustainability, and management. The results of the current study evidenced that the adoption of the proposed algorithm leads to an overall reduction in Water leakages by 20.08% in the Water network.
-
A Selective Literature Review on Leak Management Techniques for Water Distribution System
Water Resources Management, 2018Co-Authors: Aditya Gupta, Kishor D. KulatAbstract:Water Distribution System suffers from leakages causing social and economic costs. There is need of platform to manage Water Distribution System more efficiently by detecting, localizing and controlling the leakages even before or as soon as they occur, ensuring quality Water services to the consumers. Since last two decades, high efforts have been made by researchers for the development of efficient leakage management techniques for reduction of Water losses in Distribution System. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis on leakage management techniques covering three aspects: leakage assessment, leakage detection and leakage control, with an objective to identify present challenges and future scope in their respected field. Role of smart Water technologies for efficient leakages management in pipeline network is also examined and discussed. Conclusion is drawn regarding current leakage management techniques and proposals for future work and existing challenges are also outlined.
