The Experts below are selected from a list of 8361 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yihun T. Dile - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessing the implications of Water Harvesting intensification on upstream downstream ecosystem services a case study in the lake tana basin
Science of The Total Environment, 2016Co-Authors: Yihun T. Dile, Louise Karlberg, Raghavan Srinivasan, Prasad Daggupati, D Wiberg, Johan RockströmAbstract:Abstract Water Harvesting systems have improved productivity in various regions in sub-Saharan Africa. Similarly, they can help retain Water in landscapes, build resilience against droughts and dry spells, and thereby contribute to sustainable agricultural intensification. However, there is no strong empirical evidence that shows the effects of intensification of Water Harvesting on upstream–downstream social–ecological systems at a landscape scale. In this paper we develop a decision support system (DSS) for locating and sizing Water Harvesting ponds in a hydrological model, which enables assessments of Water Harvesting intensification on upstream–downstream ecosystem services in meso-scale Watersheds. The DSS was used with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for a case-study area located in the Lake Tana basin, Ethiopia. We found that supplementary irrigation in combination with nutrient application increased simulated teff ( Eragrostis tef , staple crop in Ethiopia) production up to three times, compared to the current practice. Moreover, after supplemental irrigation of teff, the excess Water was used for dry season onion production of 7.66 t/ha (median). Water Harvesting, therefore, can play an important role in increasing local- to regional-scale food security through increased and more stable food production and generation of extra income from the sale of cash crops. The annual total irrigation Water consumption was ~ 4%–30% of the annual Water yield from the entire Watershed. In general, Water Harvesting resulted in a reduction in peak flows and an increase in low flows. Water Harvesting substantially reduced sediment yield leaving the Watershed. The beneficiaries of Water Harvesting ponds may benefit from increases in agricultural production. The downstream social–ecological systems may benefit from reduced food prices, reduced flooding damages, and reduced sediment influxes, as well as enhancements in low flows and Water quality. The benefits of Water Harvesting warrant economic feasibility studies and detailed analyses of its ecological impacts.
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Assessing the Implications of Water Harvesting Intensification on Upstream-downstream Social-ecological systems : a Case Study in the Lake Tana Basin
2014Co-Authors: Yihun T. Dile, Louise Karlberg, Raghavan Srinivasan, Johan RockströmAbstract:Frequent climatic shocks have presented challenges for rainfed agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. Appropriate Water management practices are among the solutions to the challenges. The role of Water Harvesting in achieving sustainable agricultural intensification and specified resilience was explored. Suitable areas for Water Harvesting in the Upper Blue Nile basin were identified. The usefulness of the Curve Number method for surface runoff estimation was evaluated, and was found to perform satisfactorily. The impact of climate change in the Lake Tana sub-basin was studied. A decision support system was developed for locating and sizing of Water Harvesting ponds in the SWAT model. Methodological developments enabled analysis of the implications of Water Harvesting intensification in a meso-scale Watershed in the Lake Tana sub-basin.Results suggest that Water Harvesting can increase agricultural productivity, sustain ecosystems and build specified resilience, and thereby contribute to sustainable agricultural intensification. There is considerable potential for Water Harvesting in the Upper Blue Nile Basin. Rainfall may increase in the Lake Tana sub-basin due to climate change. Supplementary irrigation from Water Harvesting ponds and better nutrient application increased staple crop production by up to three-fold. Moreover, a substantial amount of cash crop was produced using dry seasonal irrigation. Water Harvesting altered the streamflow regime, and reduced sediment loss from the Watershed. Water Harvesting can play an important role in food security. It showed potential to buffer climatic variability. In the Watershed studied, Water Harvesting will not compromise the environmental Water requirements. Instead, increased low flows, and reduced flooding and sediment loss may benefit the social-ecological systems. The adverse effects of disturbance of the natural flow variability and sediment influx to certain riverine ecosystems warrant detailed investigation.
Johan Rockström - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessing the implications of Water Harvesting intensification on upstream downstream ecosystem services a case study in the lake tana basin
Science of The Total Environment, 2016Co-Authors: Yihun T. Dile, Louise Karlberg, Raghavan Srinivasan, Prasad Daggupati, D Wiberg, Johan RockströmAbstract:Abstract Water Harvesting systems have improved productivity in various regions in sub-Saharan Africa. Similarly, they can help retain Water in landscapes, build resilience against droughts and dry spells, and thereby contribute to sustainable agricultural intensification. However, there is no strong empirical evidence that shows the effects of intensification of Water Harvesting on upstream–downstream social–ecological systems at a landscape scale. In this paper we develop a decision support system (DSS) for locating and sizing Water Harvesting ponds in a hydrological model, which enables assessments of Water Harvesting intensification on upstream–downstream ecosystem services in meso-scale Watersheds. The DSS was used with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for a case-study area located in the Lake Tana basin, Ethiopia. We found that supplementary irrigation in combination with nutrient application increased simulated teff ( Eragrostis tef , staple crop in Ethiopia) production up to three times, compared to the current practice. Moreover, after supplemental irrigation of teff, the excess Water was used for dry season onion production of 7.66 t/ha (median). Water Harvesting, therefore, can play an important role in increasing local- to regional-scale food security through increased and more stable food production and generation of extra income from the sale of cash crops. The annual total irrigation Water consumption was ~ 4%–30% of the annual Water yield from the entire Watershed. In general, Water Harvesting resulted in a reduction in peak flows and an increase in low flows. Water Harvesting substantially reduced sediment yield leaving the Watershed. The beneficiaries of Water Harvesting ponds may benefit from increases in agricultural production. The downstream social–ecological systems may benefit from reduced food prices, reduced flooding damages, and reduced sediment influxes, as well as enhancements in low flows and Water quality. The benefits of Water Harvesting warrant economic feasibility studies and detailed analyses of its ecological impacts.
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Assessing the Implications of Water Harvesting Intensification on Upstream-downstream Social-ecological systems : a Case Study in the Lake Tana Basin
2014Co-Authors: Yihun T. Dile, Louise Karlberg, Raghavan Srinivasan, Johan RockströmAbstract:Frequent climatic shocks have presented challenges for rainfed agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. Appropriate Water management practices are among the solutions to the challenges. The role of Water Harvesting in achieving sustainable agricultural intensification and specified resilience was explored. Suitable areas for Water Harvesting in the Upper Blue Nile basin were identified. The usefulness of the Curve Number method for surface runoff estimation was evaluated, and was found to perform satisfactorily. The impact of climate change in the Lake Tana sub-basin was studied. A decision support system was developed for locating and sizing of Water Harvesting ponds in the SWAT model. Methodological developments enabled analysis of the implications of Water Harvesting intensification in a meso-scale Watershed in the Lake Tana sub-basin.Results suggest that Water Harvesting can increase agricultural productivity, sustain ecosystems and build specified resilience, and thereby contribute to sustainable agricultural intensification. There is considerable potential for Water Harvesting in the Upper Blue Nile Basin. Rainfall may increase in the Lake Tana sub-basin due to climate change. Supplementary irrigation from Water Harvesting ponds and better nutrient application increased staple crop production by up to three-fold. Moreover, a substantial amount of cash crop was produced using dry seasonal irrigation. Water Harvesting altered the streamflow regime, and reduced sediment loss from the Watershed. Water Harvesting can play an important role in food security. It showed potential to buffer climatic variability. In the Watershed studied, Water Harvesting will not compromise the environmental Water requirements. Instead, increased low flows, and reduced flooding and sediment loss may benefit the social-ecological systems. The adverse effects of disturbance of the natural flow variability and sediment influx to certain riverine ecosystems warrant detailed investigation.
Xiaolin Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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desert beetle inspired superwettable patterned surfaces for Water Harvesting
Small, 2017Co-Authors: Zhenwei Yu, Yanqin Wang, Lei Jiang, Xiaolin WangAbstract:With the impacts of climate change and impending crisis of clean drinking Water, designing functional materials for Water Harvesting from fog with large Water capacity has received much attention in recent years. Nature has evolved different strategies for surviving dry, arid, and xeric conditions. Nature is a school for human beings. In this contribution, inspired by the Stenocara beetle, superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic patterned surfaces are fabricated on the silica poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-coated superhydrophobic surfaces using a pulsed laser deposition approach with masks. The resultant samples with patterned wettability demonstrate Water-Harvesting efficiency in comparison with the silica PDMS-coated superhydrophobic surface and the Pt nanoparticles-coated superhydrophilic surface. The maximum Water-Harvesting efficiency can reach about 5.3 g cm−2 h−1. Both the size and the percentage of the Pt-coated superhydrophilic square regions on the patterned surface affect the condensation and coalescence of the Water droplet, as well as the final Water-Harvesting efficiency. The present Water-Harvesting strategy should provide an avenue to alleviate the Water crisis facing mankind in certain arid regions of the world.
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Desert Beetle‐Inspired Superwettable Patterned Surfaces for Water Harvesting
Small, 2017Co-Authors: Zhenwei Yu, Yanqin Wang, Lei Jiang, Xiaolin WangAbstract:With the impacts of climate change and impending crisis of clean drinking Water, designing functional materials for Water Harvesting from fog with large Water capacity has received much attention in recent years. Nature has evolved different strategies for surviving dry, arid, and xeric conditions. Nature is a school for human beings. In this contribution, inspired by the Stenocara beetle, superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic patterned surfaces are fabricated on the silica poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-coated superhydrophobic surfaces using a pulsed laser deposition approach with masks. The resultant samples with patterned wettability demonstrate Water-Harvesting efficiency in comparison with the silica PDMS-coated superhydrophobic surface and the Pt nanoparticles-coated superhydrophilic surface. The maximum Water-Harvesting efficiency can reach about 5.3 g cm−2 h−1. Both the size and the percentage of the Pt-coated superhydrophilic square regions on the patterned surface affect the condensation and coalescence of the Water droplet, as well as the final Water-Harvesting efficiency. The present Water-Harvesting strategy should provide an avenue to alleviate the Water crisis facing mankind in certain arid regions of the world.
Lei Jiang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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desert beetle inspired superwettable patterned surfaces for Water Harvesting
Small, 2017Co-Authors: Zhenwei Yu, Yanqin Wang, Lei Jiang, Xiaolin WangAbstract:With the impacts of climate change and impending crisis of clean drinking Water, designing functional materials for Water Harvesting from fog with large Water capacity has received much attention in recent years. Nature has evolved different strategies for surviving dry, arid, and xeric conditions. Nature is a school for human beings. In this contribution, inspired by the Stenocara beetle, superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic patterned surfaces are fabricated on the silica poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-coated superhydrophobic surfaces using a pulsed laser deposition approach with masks. The resultant samples with patterned wettability demonstrate Water-Harvesting efficiency in comparison with the silica PDMS-coated superhydrophobic surface and the Pt nanoparticles-coated superhydrophilic surface. The maximum Water-Harvesting efficiency can reach about 5.3 g cm−2 h−1. Both the size and the percentage of the Pt-coated superhydrophilic square regions on the patterned surface affect the condensation and coalescence of the Water droplet, as well as the final Water-Harvesting efficiency. The present Water-Harvesting strategy should provide an avenue to alleviate the Water crisis facing mankind in certain arid regions of the world.
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Desert Beetle‐Inspired Superwettable Patterned Surfaces for Water Harvesting
Small, 2017Co-Authors: Zhenwei Yu, Yanqin Wang, Lei Jiang, Xiaolin WangAbstract:With the impacts of climate change and impending crisis of clean drinking Water, designing functional materials for Water Harvesting from fog with large Water capacity has received much attention in recent years. Nature has evolved different strategies for surviving dry, arid, and xeric conditions. Nature is a school for human beings. In this contribution, inspired by the Stenocara beetle, superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic patterned surfaces are fabricated on the silica poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-coated superhydrophobic surfaces using a pulsed laser deposition approach with masks. The resultant samples with patterned wettability demonstrate Water-Harvesting efficiency in comparison with the silica PDMS-coated superhydrophobic surface and the Pt nanoparticles-coated superhydrophilic surface. The maximum Water-Harvesting efficiency can reach about 5.3 g cm−2 h−1. Both the size and the percentage of the Pt-coated superhydrophilic square regions on the patterned surface affect the condensation and coalescence of the Water droplet, as well as the final Water-Harvesting efficiency. The present Water-Harvesting strategy should provide an avenue to alleviate the Water crisis facing mankind in certain arid regions of the world.
Louise Karlberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessing the implications of Water Harvesting intensification on upstream downstream ecosystem services a case study in the lake tana basin
Science of The Total Environment, 2016Co-Authors: Yihun T. Dile, Louise Karlberg, Raghavan Srinivasan, Prasad Daggupati, D Wiberg, Johan RockströmAbstract:Abstract Water Harvesting systems have improved productivity in various regions in sub-Saharan Africa. Similarly, they can help retain Water in landscapes, build resilience against droughts and dry spells, and thereby contribute to sustainable agricultural intensification. However, there is no strong empirical evidence that shows the effects of intensification of Water Harvesting on upstream–downstream social–ecological systems at a landscape scale. In this paper we develop a decision support system (DSS) for locating and sizing Water Harvesting ponds in a hydrological model, which enables assessments of Water Harvesting intensification on upstream–downstream ecosystem services in meso-scale Watersheds. The DSS was used with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for a case-study area located in the Lake Tana basin, Ethiopia. We found that supplementary irrigation in combination with nutrient application increased simulated teff ( Eragrostis tef , staple crop in Ethiopia) production up to three times, compared to the current practice. Moreover, after supplemental irrigation of teff, the excess Water was used for dry season onion production of 7.66 t/ha (median). Water Harvesting, therefore, can play an important role in increasing local- to regional-scale food security through increased and more stable food production and generation of extra income from the sale of cash crops. The annual total irrigation Water consumption was ~ 4%–30% of the annual Water yield from the entire Watershed. In general, Water Harvesting resulted in a reduction in peak flows and an increase in low flows. Water Harvesting substantially reduced sediment yield leaving the Watershed. The beneficiaries of Water Harvesting ponds may benefit from increases in agricultural production. The downstream social–ecological systems may benefit from reduced food prices, reduced flooding damages, and reduced sediment influxes, as well as enhancements in low flows and Water quality. The benefits of Water Harvesting warrant economic feasibility studies and detailed analyses of its ecological impacts.
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Assessing the Implications of Water Harvesting Intensification on Upstream-downstream Social-ecological systems : a Case Study in the Lake Tana Basin
2014Co-Authors: Yihun T. Dile, Louise Karlberg, Raghavan Srinivasan, Johan RockströmAbstract:Frequent climatic shocks have presented challenges for rainfed agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. Appropriate Water management practices are among the solutions to the challenges. The role of Water Harvesting in achieving sustainable agricultural intensification and specified resilience was explored. Suitable areas for Water Harvesting in the Upper Blue Nile basin were identified. The usefulness of the Curve Number method for surface runoff estimation was evaluated, and was found to perform satisfactorily. The impact of climate change in the Lake Tana sub-basin was studied. A decision support system was developed for locating and sizing of Water Harvesting ponds in the SWAT model. Methodological developments enabled analysis of the implications of Water Harvesting intensification in a meso-scale Watershed in the Lake Tana sub-basin.Results suggest that Water Harvesting can increase agricultural productivity, sustain ecosystems and build specified resilience, and thereby contribute to sustainable agricultural intensification. There is considerable potential for Water Harvesting in the Upper Blue Nile Basin. Rainfall may increase in the Lake Tana sub-basin due to climate change. Supplementary irrigation from Water Harvesting ponds and better nutrient application increased staple crop production by up to three-fold. Moreover, a substantial amount of cash crop was produced using dry seasonal irrigation. Water Harvesting altered the streamflow regime, and reduced sediment loss from the Watershed. Water Harvesting can play an important role in food security. It showed potential to buffer climatic variability. In the Watershed studied, Water Harvesting will not compromise the environmental Water requirements. Instead, increased low flows, and reduced flooding and sediment loss may benefit the social-ecological systems. The adverse effects of disturbance of the natural flow variability and sediment influx to certain riverine ecosystems warrant detailed investigation.
