The Experts below are selected from a list of 309 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Halinka L Lamparski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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regional effects of vegetation restoration on Water Yield across the loess plateau china
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 2012Co-Authors: Xiaoming Feng, Bojie Fu, C H Su, Halinka L LamparskiAbstract:The general relationships between vegetation and Water Yield under different climatic regimes are well estab- lished at a small Watershed scale in the past century. How- ever, applications of these basic theories to evaluate the re- gional effects of land cover change on Water resources re- main challenging due to the complex interactions of vegeta- tion and climatic variability and hydrologic processes at the large scale. The objective of this study was to explore ways to examine the spatial and temporal effects of a large eco- logical restoration project on Water Yield across the Loess Plateau region in northern China. We estimated annual Water Yield as the difference between precipitation input and mod- elled actual evapotranspiration (ET) output. We constructed a monthly ET model using published ET data derived from eddy flux measurements and Watershed streamflow data. We validated the ET models at a Watershed and regional levels. The model was then applied to examine regional Water Yield under land cover change and climatic variability during the implementation of the Grain-for-Green (GFG) project during 1999-2007. We found that Water Yield in 38 % of the Loess Plateau area might have decreased (1-48 mm per year) as a result of land cover change alone. However, combined with climatic variability, 37 % of the study area might have seen a decrease in Water Yield with a range of 1-54 mm per year, and 35 % of the study area might have seen an increase with a range of 1-10 mm per year. Across the study region, cli- mate variability masked or strengthened the Water Yield re- sponse to vegetation restoration. The absolute annual Water Yield change due to vegetation restoration varied with pre- cipitation regimes with the highest in wet years, but the rela- tive Water Yield changes were most pronounced in dry years. We concluded that the effects of land cover change associ- ated with ecological restoration varied greatly over time and space and were strongly influenced by climatic variability in the arid region. The current regional vegetation restoration projects have variable effects on local Water resources across the region. Land management planning must consider the in- fluences of spatial climate variability and long-term climate change on Water Yield to be more effective for achieving en- vironmental sustainability.
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Regional effects of vegetation restoration on Water Yield across the Loess Plateau, China
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions, 2012Co-Authors: X. M. Feng, C H Su, B. J. Fu, Halinka L LamparskiAbstract:Abstract. The general relationships between vegetation and Water Yield under different climatic regimes are well established at a small Watershed scale in the past century. However, applying the basic theories to evaluate the regional effects of land cover change on Water resources has been rarely done due to the complex interactions of vegetation and climatic variability and hydrologic processes at the large scale. The objective of this study was to explore ways to examine the spatial and temporal effects of a large ecological restoration project on Water Yield across the Loess Plateau region in Northern China. We estimated annual Water Yield as the difference between precipitation input and modeled actual evapotranspiration (ET) output. We constructed a monthly ET model using published eddy flux ET measurements, ET estimates derived from local Watershed streamflow data. We validated the ET models at a Watershed and regional levels. The model was then applied to examine regional Water Yield under land cover change and climatic variability during the implementation of the Grain-for-Green (GFG) project during 1999–2007. We found that Water Yield in 38% of the Loess Plateau area as a whole might have decreased (1–48 mm yr−1) as a result of land cover change alone. However, combined with climatic variability, 37% of the study area might have seen a decrease in Water Yield with a range of 1–54 mm yr−1, and 35% of the study area might have seen an increase with a range of 1–10 mm yr−1. Across the study region, climate variability masked or strengthened the Water Yield response to vegetation restoration. The absolute annual Water Yield change due to vegetation restoration varied with precipitation regimes with the highest in wet years, but the relative Water Yield changes were most pronounced in dry years. When compared to findings at the plot or catchment-scale, this study suggested that regional hydrologic effects of vegetation restoration practices had a rather complex pattern due to both spatial differences in climatic regimes and vegetation response. We concluded that the effects of land cover change associated with ecological restoration varied greatly over time and space and were strongly influenced by climatic variability in the arid region. The current regional vegetation restoration projects have variable effects on local Water resources across the region. Land management planning must consider the influences of spatial climate variability and long-term climate change on Water Yield to be more effective and achieve environmental sustainability.
Margaret A Palmer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impacts of forest restoration on Water Yield a systematic review
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Solange Filoso, Maira Ometto Bezerra, Katherine C B Weiss, Margaret A PalmerAbstract:Background Enhancing Water provision services is a common target in forest restoration projects worldwide due to growing concerns over freshWater scarcity. However, whether or not forest cover expansion or restoration can improve Water provision services is still unclear and highly disputed. Purpose The goal of this review is to provide a balanced and impartial assessment of the impacts of forest restoration and forest cover expansion on Water Yields as informed by the scientific literature. Potential sources of bias on the results of papers published are also examined. Data sources English, Spanish and Portuguese peer-review articles in Agricola, CAB Abstracts, ISI Web of Science, JSTOR, Google Scholar, and SciELO. Databases were searched through 2015. Search terms Intervention terms included forest restoration, regeneration/regrowth, forest second-growth, forestation/afforestation, and forestry. Target terms included Water Yield/quantity, streamflow, discharge, channel runoff, and annual flow. Study selection and eligibility criteria Articles were pre-selected based on key words in the title, abstract or text. Eligible articles addressed relevant interventions and targets and included quantitative information. Results Most studies reported decreases in Water Yields following the intervention, while other hydrological benefits have been observed. However, relatively few studies focused specifically on forest restoration, especially with native species, and/or on projects done at large spatial or temporal scales. Information is especially limited for the humid tropics and subtropics. Conclusions and implications of key findings While most studies reported a decrease in Water Yields, meta-analyses from a sub-set of studies suggest the potential influence of temporal and/or spatial scales on the outcomes of forest cover expansion or restoration projects. Given the many other benefits of forest restoration, improving our understanding of when and why forest restoration can lead to recovery of Water Yields is crucial to help improve positive outcomes and prevent unintended consequences. Our study identifies the critical types of studies and associated measurements needed.
James M Vose - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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potential Water Yield reduction due to forestation across china
Journal of Hydrology, 2006Co-Authors: Guoyi Zhou, Zhiqiang Zhang, Steven G Mcnulty, James M VoseAbstract:Summary It is widely recognized that vegetation restoration will have positive effects on Watershed health by reducing soil erosion and non-point source pollution, enhancing terrestrial and aquatic habitat, and increasing ecosystem carbon sequestration. However, the hydrologic consequences of forestation on degraded lands are not well studied in the forest hydrology community as a whole. China has the largest area of forest plantations in the world now, and the hydrologic consequences of massive forestation are unknown. We applied a simplified hydrological model across the diverse physiographic region to estimate the potential magnitude of annual Water Yield response to forestation. Our study suggests that the average Water Yield reduction may vary from about 50 mm/yr (50%) in the semi-arid Loess Plateau region in northern China to about 300 mm/yr (30%) in the tropical southern region. We conclude that forestation in China that often involves a combination of tree planting and engineering (e.g., terracing) may have even a higher potential to greatly reduce annual Water Yield in headWater Watersheds, especially in the semi-arid Loess Plateau region. However, the forestation area is relatively small for most large basins with mixed landuses in China, thus the regional effects of forestation on Water resource management may not be of major concern. Comprehensive science-based evaluation of roles of forests on regulating regional Water resources is critical to the current forestation endeavors in China.
Guoyi Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Forest cover change and Water Yield in large forested Watersheds: A global synthetic assessment
Ecohydrology, 2017Co-Authors: Qiang Li, Guoyi Zhou, Mingfang Zhang, Krysta Giles-hansen, Yi WangAbstract:The effects of forest cover change on Water Yield have long been studied across the globe. Several reviews have summarized the impacts of forest change and Water Yield from the small and paired Watershed experiments, but no any synthetic assessment has been conducted on the basis of studies of large Watersheds (>1,000 km2). We conducted a synthetic analysis on the basis of the studies from 162 large studied Watersheds across the globe to explore how forest cover change affects annual Water Yield. Our first-ever assessment confirms that deforestation increases annual Water Yield and reforestation decreases it, which is consistent with results from paired Watershed experiments. More importantly, we found that forest cover and climate variability play a coequal role in annual Water Yield variations. The effects of forest cover change and climate variability on annual Water Yield variations can be additive or offsetting. Thus, their interactions can critically determine the magnitudes and directions of Water Yield changes. We also found that the hydrological sensitivities to forest cover change in smaller and dryer Watersheds are higher than those in larger and wetter ones. The implications of these findings for sustainable Water and Watershed management are discussed in the context of future land cover and climate changes.
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global pattern for the effect of climate and land cover on Water Yield
Nature Communications, 2015Co-Authors: Guoyi Zhou, Xiuzhi Chen, Ping Zhou, Yin Xiao, D F Scott, Shuyidan Zhou, Yongxian SuAbstract:The effects of forests on Water Yield are uncertain, with some studies indicating that increased evapotranspiration reduces Water Yield and other showing that forests increase it. Here, the authors analyse published data to settle this debate, finding that afforestation has a positive effect on Water Yield.
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potential Water Yield reduction due to forestation across china
Journal of Hydrology, 2006Co-Authors: Guoyi Zhou, Zhiqiang Zhang, Steven G Mcnulty, James M VoseAbstract:Summary It is widely recognized that vegetation restoration will have positive effects on Watershed health by reducing soil erosion and non-point source pollution, enhancing terrestrial and aquatic habitat, and increasing ecosystem carbon sequestration. However, the hydrologic consequences of forestation on degraded lands are not well studied in the forest hydrology community as a whole. China has the largest area of forest plantations in the world now, and the hydrologic consequences of massive forestation are unknown. We applied a simplified hydrological model across the diverse physiographic region to estimate the potential magnitude of annual Water Yield response to forestation. Our study suggests that the average Water Yield reduction may vary from about 50 mm/yr (50%) in the semi-arid Loess Plateau region in northern China to about 300 mm/yr (30%) in the tropical southern region. We conclude that forestation in China that often involves a combination of tree planting and engineering (e.g., terracing) may have even a higher potential to greatly reduce annual Water Yield in headWater Watersheds, especially in the semi-arid Loess Plateau region. However, the forestation area is relatively small for most large basins with mixed landuses in China, thus the regional effects of forestation on Water resource management may not be of major concern. Comprehensive science-based evaluation of roles of forests on regulating regional Water resources is critical to the current forestation endeavors in China.
John D. Stednick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Monitoring the effects of timber Water Yield harvest on annual
1996Co-Authors: John D. StednickAbstract:Paired catchment studies have been used as a method to assess the effects of vegetation removal (timber harvesting) on streamflow responses including lowflows and peakflows, but particularly annual Water Yield. Paired catchment studies in the United States reporting on the effects of timber harvesting on annual Water Yields were compiled. In general, changes in annual Water Yield from forest cover reduction (or catchment area harvested) of less than 20% could not be determined by hydrometric or streamflow measurement methods. The catchment studies were discriminated by hydrologic region, defined by temperature and precipitation regimes. This regionalization suggested that as little as 15% of the catchment area (or basal area) could be harvested for a measurable increase in annual Water Yield at the catchment level in the Rocky Mountain region as compared with 50% in the Central Plains, although system responses are variable. Given changing world-wide objectives for forest land management, hydrologists will be asked to develop monitoring programs to assess the effects of multiple and temporally and spatially distributed land use activities on Water resources. Less catchment area will be disturbed, thus monitoring programs must be carefully designed to obtain useful information. The concept of hydrologic recovery, i.e. return to pretreatment condition tends to be based on annual Water Yield, but also needs the evaluation of streamflow generation and routing mechanisms including lowflows and peakflows when compared with the pretreatment condition.
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monitoring the effects of timber harvest on annual Water Yield
Journal of Hydrology, 1996Co-Authors: John D. StednickAbstract:Abstract Paired catchment studies have been used as a method to assess the effects of vegetation removal (timber harvesting) on streamflow responses including lowflows and peakflows, but particularly annual Water Yield. Paired catchment studies in the United States reporting on the effects of timber harvesting on annual Water Yields were compiled. In general, changes in annual Water Yield from forest cover reduction (or catchment area harvested) of less than 20% could not be determined by hydrometric or streamflow measurement methods. The catchment studies were discriminated by hydrologic region, defined by temperature and precipitation regimes. This regionalization suggested that as little as 15% of the catchment area (or basal area) could be harvested for a measurable increase in annual Water Yield at the catchment level in the Rocky Mountain region as compared with 50% in the Central Plains, although system responses are variable. Given changing world-wide objectives for forest land management, hydrologists will be asked to develop monitoring programs to assess the effects of multiple and temporally and spatially distributed land use activities on Water resources. Less catchment area will be disturbed, thus monitoring programs must be carefully designed to obtain useful information. The concept of hydrologic recovery, i.e. return to pretreatment condition tends to be based on annual Water Yield, but also needs the evaluation of streamflow generation and routing mechanisms including lowflows and peakflows when compared with the pretreatment condition.
